JP2002209415A - Method and device for applying manure and injecting agrochemicals - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To relate to a method and an apparatus for fertilizer application and agrochemical injection, when the leaves are built up and the mulching films are laid on the soil, with sufficient effect of the fertilization and agrochemical application developed. SOLUTION: The objective farm machine is equipped with a levee-building device for forming a levee in the rear of the rotary cultivator, with a mulching film-laying machine for laying mulching film on the levee surfaces and with a fertilizer applicator that has an outlet for applying fertilizer opened under the seedling-planting position or the seed-sowing position and further with an agrochemical injector for injecting agrochemicals into the deeper position than the outlet for fertilizer application. Seedlings are planted or seeds are sowed on the left, the right or the middle of the levees and the agrochemical injection positions are constituted almost under the planting position or the seed-sowing machine. Preferably, the fertilizer to be applied is made pasty and/or the agrochemicals are made fluid.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for injecting fertilizers and chemicals, for example, for performing fertilization and chemical injection in the process of performing a multi-film laying operation simultaneously with a ridge work.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Chemicals are mainly injected into soil for the purpose of soil disinfection and crop pest control, but in the form of irrigation over the entire field, application chemicals are wasted. There is a risk of causing chemical damage such as pollution of lakes and marshes.

[0003] For this reason, conventionally, a form in which a medicine is injected while forming a ridge has been adopted, and a form in which the so-called full-surface mulch is applied to prevent the dispersion of the medicine is known (for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-701). ). There is also a form in which a fertilizer is applied immediately under a planting position or a seeding position of a seedling, assuming in advance.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the above conventional embodiment,
The injection of soil disinfectant chemicals and the fertilization work are performed separately, so there is no concern about the depth relationship of each application, especially in the furrows, and the chemicals act on the crops and hinder the effect of fertilization And so on.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above, the present invention has the following technical means. That is, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that fertilizer is applied to a predetermined depth of a ridge formed by a ridge erecting device, and that a drug is injected into a position deeper than the fertilization position, and a multi-film is formed on the entire surface of the ridge and the valley. Fertilization and chemical injection method.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a ridge-forming device for forming a ridge behind a rotary tillage device, and a multi-film laying device for laying a multi-film on the ridge and the ridge. A fertilizer / medicine injector is provided which is provided with a fertilizer which applies fertilizer to a predetermined depth of the ridge and a drug injector which ejects a drug at a position deeper than the fertilizer outlet.

[0007] The invention according to claim 3 further comprises a ridge-forming device for forming a ridge behind the rotary tillage device, and a multi-film laying device for laying a multi-film on the ridge surface. Fertilizer / chemicals provided with a fertilizer that opens a fertilizer outlet below the planting position of seedlings or below the seed sowing position, and a drug injector that discharges a drug at a position deeper than the fertilizer outlet. Injection device. In the above, seedlings are planted at the left and right center of the ridge,
Alternatively, the seeds are sown, and the planting position or the substantially lower part of the sowing device constitutes a medicine injection position.

In the above apparatus, a plurality of fertilizing tubes of the fertilizer and / or the discharge tube of the chemical injecting device are disposed within the left and right widths on the back surface of the preceding injection claw, and each of the discharge tubes of the fertilizing tube and / or the discharge tube is provided. The exit will be shifted in the front-rear direction. It is preferable that the fertilizer to be applied is a paste-like fertilizer and / or the chemical to be injected is a chemical.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Reference numeral 1 denotes an agricultural tractor having front and rear wheels 2, 2 and rear wheels 3, 3 at the front and rear portions of the fuselage, and an engine 5 mounted inside a hood 4.

The output from the engine 5 is transmitted into a transmission case 6, and the left and right rear wheels 3, 3 are driven via a main transmission mechanism, an auxiliary transmission mechanism, and a differential mechanism in the transmission case 6. Further, power is transmitted to a power take-out shaft 7 protruding from a rear portion of the transmission case 6. In addition,
The transmission mechanism is branched from the transmission mechanism to output front wheel power, and the front wheels 2 and 2 can be driven.

A steering handle 8 is provided at the rear of the hood 4 and a passenger seat 10 is disposed between fenders 9 and 9 that cover the left and right rear wheels 3 and 3, respectively. Further, a safety frame 11 formed so as to surround the occupant space has its legs mounted and fixed to a rear axle case 13 integral with the transmission case 6.

At the rear of the transmission case 6, a rotary tilling machine 17 is mounted via a three-point link mechanism comprising a top link 14 and left and right lower links 15, 15. The rotary tilling machine 17 includes a lift arm 1 that rotates up and down due to expansion and contraction of a hydraulic cylinder mechanism (not shown) provided horizontally on a rear upper surface of a transmission case 6.
8 so as to be able to move up and down. The lift arm 18 and the lower link 15, 15 are interlockingly connected by lift rods 19, 19, but in the embodiment, one of them is constituted by an actuator 20 which expands and contracts, and the left and right rolling posture of the rotary tilling work machine 17 is provided. Is arbitrarily changeable. The hydraulic cylinder mechanism (not shown) supplies and discharges pressure oil by operating the elevating lever, and
Interlock to rotate up and down.

A mast 21 is erected at the left and right central portions of the rotary tilling machine 17 and an attachment hole 22 is formed in the mast 21 for connecting a pin to a rear end link ball portion of the top link 14. I have. The link balls at the rear ends of the lower links 15, 15 are pin-connected to left and right supporting frames 24, 24 provided at appropriate intervals in the left and right directions from the frame 23 of the rotary tilling machine 17. The rotary tilling device 17 has a tilling shaft 25 suspended in a horizontal posture, and a plurality of tilling claws 26, 26,. .

Reference numeral 27 denotes an input shaft which is configured to rotationally drive the tilling shaft 25 to the power take-out shaft 7 via a universal joint shaft 28 and the like. At the rear upper part of the rotary tilling device 17, the front side of the lifting support frame 30 is pivotally supported so that the rear part swings up and down by forward and reverse rotation of the adjustment handle 29. The rear end of the lifting frame 30 is formed in a U-shaped mounting hitch 31 in a side view.
A ridge device 32 and a film laying device 33 are mounted on this via a connection support frame 34.

That is, the ridge device 32 is provided with three known ridge devices 35 on the left and right sides, and a toolbar for connecting the hanging portions 34a, 34a hanging from the left and right ends of the connection support frame 34. 36 are provided at predetermined intervals at the center, left and right, respectively. Therefore, two rows of ridges can be formed in the outward travel of the field. The toolbar 36 is configured to support a gauge wheel 37 for maintaining the ridge 35 at a predetermined attitude or depth with respect to the ground. The vertical adjustment of the gauge wheel 37 with respect to the ridger 35 can be performed by an adjusting means (not shown).

A film laying device 33 is provided behind the ridge device 32. This laying device 33 includes a film roll 39 for winding a multi-film 38 to be laid at the front of the device,
Soil transfer including triple shooters 43 for dropping tilling soil in the center and left and right valleys 42 of the two forming ridges 40 to suppress the rise of the multi-film 38 so as to suppress the rise of the multi-film 38. And the like. The lifting frame 3
A swing frame 47 is mounted on a base member 46 pivotally attached to the mounting hitch 31 and the like so as to be able to move left and right and formed with a plurality of fixing holes 45.
Reference numeral 7 denotes a structure which can be fixed not only in the left and right center positions but also in the left or right offset state by inserting the fixing pins 48. The frame 47 is provided with the laying work sections such as the film roll 39, the pressure reduction wheel 41, and the soil transfer section 44. Installing. In addition, since the parallel link is configured by the sub-frame 49 in parallel with the swing frame 47, these laying sections can maintain a forward-facing posture even in the left-right deviation state.

The above-mentioned film roll 39 is appropriately supported by the swing frame 47 and the sub-frame 49, and a horizontal frame 50 for supporting the pressure-reducing wheel 41 is disposed at the rear of the film roll 39. The soil transfer unit 44 includes a scraper-type conveyor 51 that lifts the soil,
A hopper 52 for receiving the soil, and three sets of the shooters 4 for guiding the soil flowing out of the hopper 52 after being divided into three sections.
The conveyor 51 is provided with a rotary tillage device 17 and a ridge device 32 so as to introduce cultivated soil.
, And the terminal end thereof is viewed through the opening of the hopper 52.

The work for forming the ridges 40, the work for laying the multi-film, and the work for preventing lifting by the soil are generally as follows. In other words, work is performed while reciprocating the aircraft in the field, but in the outward stroke, two ridges 40 formed in this stroke are used.
c and 40d and two ridges 40 adjacent to each other on one of the two ridges 40a and 40b formed in the previous return stroke.
The multi-film 38 is laid at the same time on the b and 40c.
The film laying device 33 is fixed so as to be deviated so as to correspond to the positions b and 40c (leftward departure in FIGS. 4 and 5). When it is switched to the return stroke, it is biased to the opposite side (rightward bias). In this way, the multi-film 38 has a multi-layered form covering not only the ridges 40 but also the valleys 42, and is in a state of covering the entire inner surface of the field. Thus, evaporation of the moisture and the drug in the soil in the field and the outflow of the drug due to rainfall can be prevented.

In the case of the partial mulch covering only the raised portion of the ridge portion 40, the flow of water and medicine from the ridge portion 42 occurs. Next, the drug injection device 53 and the fertilizer application device 54 will be described. First, the drug injection device 53
Is a chemical tank 55 containing a chemical having effects such as soil disinfection, crop pest prevention, and weed weeding, a pump 56,
The hose 57 includes a medicine injection discharge tube 58. The medicine tank 55 is mounted near the leg of the safety frame 11. It is configured to be sprayed from a discharge port 58a of a medicine injecting and discharging pipe 58 via a hose 57 by driving a pump 56 appropriately disposed.

On the other hand, the fertilizer applicator 54 is provided with a pair of left and right fertilizer tanks 60 on a front hitch 59 provided at the front of the machine body, and the paste-like fertilizer in each of the tanks 60, 60 is applied by a respective pump 61, 61. The fertilizer is applied from the discharge ports 63a, 63a of the fertilizer tubes 63, 63 connected to the hoses 62, 62 via the compression hoses 62, 62.

The hoses 62, 62 and the fertilizer tubes 63, 63
When the rotary tilling device 17 is attached and detached, the couplers 64 and 64 are attached and detached together when the couplers 64 and 64 are detachably connected by couplers 64 and 64. The work machine can be easily attached and detached.

In the embodiment, the number of discharge ports of the fertilizing pipes 63, 63 is configured in two stages, one for each ridge, and two ridges can be fertilized at the same time. To fertilize. By the way, the injection claw 65 holds the discharge port 58a of the discharge pipe 58 and the discharge ports 63a, 63a of the fertilization pipes 63, 63 in a predetermined vertical relationship. That is, the injection claw 65 is attached to the toolbar 36 so as to be vertically adjustable via a forward arm 66, and the discharge pipe 58 and the fertilization pipe 6 are provided on the back side of the injection claw 65.
3, 63 are detachably mounted with their respective outlets 58a, 63a facing rearward. At this time, the discharge port 58a of the discharge pipe 58 is positioned lower than the lower discharge port of the upper and lower two-stage fertilizer pipes 63, 63, and the chemicals in the ridges 40 are smaller than the fertilization depth of the pasty fertilizer. The spraying depth is set to be deeper. 67 is a fixing pin, 6
8 is a clamp. Thus, the vertical position of the injection claw 65 with respect to the arm 66 can be adjusted, and the injection claw 6 can be adjusted.
The discharge depth for the furrow can be adjusted by a configuration in which the discharge pipe 58 and the fertilizer pipe 63 can be finely adjusted vertically. Fertilizer tube 63
The diameter of the discharge pipe 58 having a standard diameter may be substantially the same as the diameter of the discharge pipe 58. The fertilizer pipe 63 having a small diameter can be protected from scattering of cultivated soil mass, soil resistance, etc. Thus, the injection nail 65 can be replaced.

The operation of the above example will be described. When each part of the work machine is driven to rotate and the tractor 1 body is advanced, the soil is tilled by the rotary tilling work machine 17, and the cultivated soil is formed into two ridges by the subsequent ridge device 32. Further, the subsequent film laying device 33 is laid over the ridges 40 and the ridges 42 while pressing the multi-film 38 which is sequentially fed to the ridges, and a predetermined amount of the cultivated soil is lifted by the soil transfer unit 44 and the ridges are lifted. Multi film 38 dropped in valley 42
To prevent the floating of

During the above-mentioned tilling, furrowing and multi-working, the pump 56 of the drug injector 53 and the fertilizer applicator 54 is also driven, and the drug in the drug tank 55 is pressure-fed and ridged from the drug injection discharge pipe 58. Immediately before, it spouts out in the tilling soil that is scattering in a scattered state (m in FIG. 10).

The upper and lower positions shallower than the chemical injection depth H
At the location (depth h), the paste-like fertilizer is discharged from the fertilizer application tube 63 of the fertilizer device 54 and is continuously fertilized along the ridges 40 formed (p in the same figure). Since the above-mentioned chemical injection and fertilization are performed together with the tillage, the furrowing, and the mulching work, this is an efficient work. However, these preparatory works are completed and the seedling transplanting work is performed. When the seedling transplanter is advanced along the ridges, the seedlings are sequentially transplanted at predetermined intervals along the fertilizing strips p in the ridge fertilized by the fertilizing device 54, and the transplanting position is Implantation is performed just above the line p (FIG. 9).

The injected drug permeates around the ridges while diffusing, and is used for disinfection of soil, prevention of pests and pests of the above-mentioned crops, weed weeding, and the like. On the other hand, the fertilized paste fertilizer is absorbed from the roots of the seedlings of the nearby seedlings. By the way, since the chemicals for soil disinfection, crop pest prevention, etc. are squirted into the position H deeper than the fertilization position, the influence on the shoots by the chemicals is reduced, and the fertilizer does not hinder the fertilizing effect on the shoots. .

In the above embodiment, the injection of one fertilizer and one row of fertilizer was explained. However, in the case of two rows of one row as shown in FIG. The fertilizer may be applied slightly toward the center in consideration of the efficiency of the drug effect on the whole and the like (marked by x in the figure). In each case, the upper two rows are the fertilizer application position, and the lower row is the drug injection position.

Further, in FIG. 12, the point that the ejection ports for fertilization and chemical injection are arranged in a line is the same as in the above-described embodiment, but in this embodiment, the fertilization position is held diagonally and the fertilization position is either one of the left and right sides of the ridge. It is located on the shoulder, and the drug injection position is located in the lower center of the ridge. Therefore, the drug is diffused from the lower center of the ridge and spreads evenly over the entire ridge to eliminate the bias of the drug. sell.

[0029]

According to the present invention, a fertilizer is applied to a predetermined depth in a ridge formed by a ridge device, and a medicine is injected into a position deeper than the fertilization position, and a multi-film is laid on the entire surface of the ridge and the valley. Because the fertilization and chemical injection methods are configured to be as small as possible, the depth of the chemical injection is deeper than the fertilization depth when locally applying fertilization or chemical injection to the ridges. The effect can be fully obtained even if is planted or sowed near the upper surface of the ridge.

On the other hand, the agent for disinfecting the soil or controlling pests is discharged at a relatively deep position, diffuses and rises and spreads in the furrows, so that the growth environment of the above-mentioned crop seedlings and seeds can be favorably maintained. Because the drug injection position is deeper than the fertilization depth,
Reduces the effect of chemicals on roots and does not prevent fertilizers from fertilizing the roots.

A fertilizer is provided which includes a ridge erecting device for forming a ridge behind the rotary tillage device, and a multi-film laying device for laying a multi-film on the ridge and the ridge. Since the device is provided and the drug injection device that discharges the drug at a position deeper than the fertilization application outlet is provided, the fertilization and the drug injection operation can be performed simultaneously with the ridge work multi-work. Also, since the drug is injected deeper than the fertilizer discharge port, as described above,
Reduces the effect of chemicals on roots and does not prevent fertilizers from fertilizing the roots.

Further, a fertilizer is provided which opens an outlet for fertilization below a planting position of seedlings on a ridge or below a seed sowing position, and a drug injection for discharging a drug to a position deeper than the fertilizer outlet. When the device is provided, the fertilizer is applied almost immediately below the seedling transplanting position or the seeding position, and the application effect is increased,
In addition, the medicine injection position is also injected into the left and right middle portions of the ridge, so that it can be spread evenly over the entire ridge.

In the above, seedlings are seeded or seeds are sown at the left and right centers of the ridges, and a drug injection position is formed substantially at the planting position or substantially below the seeding device. It can be applied to the entire inside of the ridge as it spreads upwards at the center of the left and right.

In the above-mentioned apparatus, when a plurality of fertilizer application tubes of the fertilizer application device and / or a plurality of discharge tubes of the drug injection device are arranged within the left and right widths on the back surface of the preceding injection nail, resistance due to the progress of the injection nail can be reduced. When displaced in the front-rear direction, a space is formed in the vertical direction on the back side of the injection claw, but the space is formed shifted forward and backward, and the discharged material from the upper discharge port is shifted downward and applied. Fertilizer and medicine can be applied to a certain depth because it does not occur.

It is preferable that the fertilizer to be applied is a paste-like fertilizer and / or the chemical to be injected is a chemical solution.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a working unit.

FIG. 2 is an overall side view.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a working unit.

FIG. 4 is a rear view of the working unit.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of an operation of laying a film.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of fertilization / chemical injection.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged side view of a main part.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged rear view of a main part.

FIG. 9 is a rear view showing another embodiment of the fertilization tube / drug injection tube.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a ridge showing an example of fertilization / chemical injection.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a ridge showing another example of fertilization / chemical injection.

FIG. 12 is a ridge cross-sectional view showing still another example of fertilization / chemical injection.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Agricultural tractor, 2 ... Front wheel, 3 ... Rear wheel, 17 ... Rotary tilling work machine, 32 ... Ridging device, 33 ... Film laying device, 38 ... Multi-film, 40 ... Ridge, 42 ... Valley part, 5
3 ... Drug injection device, 54 ... Fertilizer application device, 55 ... Drug tank, 58 ... Discharge tube, 60 ... Fertilizer tank, 63 ... Fertilizer application tube

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Isao Takechi 1 Yachikura, Tobe-cho, Toyo-cho, Iyo-gun, Ehime Pref. DB01 DD04 EA03 EA09 EA13 EB03 EB05 EC02 ED03 FA05 2B054 AA15 BA01 BB01 CA04 CB04 CB05 CB08 CB11 DA02 DA07 DB04 DC02 DC09 DE02 2B121 CB13 CB14 CB23 CB33 CB42 CB47 CB51 CB61 EA26

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A fertilizer / chemical for applying fertilizer to a predetermined depth of a ridge formed by a ridge device and injecting a chemical into a position deeper than the fertilization position, and laying a multi-film on the entire surface of the ridge and ridge valley. Injection method. 2. A ridge-forming device for forming a ridge behind a rotary tillage device, and a multi-film laying device for laying a multi-film on the ridge and the valley portion, and fertilizer is applied to a predetermined depth of the shaping ridge. A fertilizer / drug injecting device comprising a fertilizer applying device, and a drug injecting device for ejecting a drug at a position deeper than the fertilizer outlet. 3. A ridge device for forming a ridge behind a rotary tillage device, and a multi-film laying device for laying a multi-film on the ridge surface, wherein a seedling is planted on the ridge or a seed is sown. A fertilizer / drug injecting device comprising: a fertilizer that opens a discharge port for fertilization below a position; and a drug injector that discharges a drug at a position deeper than the fertilizer discharge port. 4. The fertilizer application / chemical injection according to claim 3, wherein seedlings are seeded or seeds are sown at the left and right centers of the ridges, and a chemical injection position is formed substantially at the planting position or substantially below the seeding device. apparatus. 5. The fertilizer application / chemical injection according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of fertilizer application tubes of the fertilizer application device and / or a plurality of discharge tubes of the chemical injection device are disposed within the left and right widths on the back surface of the preceding injection claw. apparatus. 6. The fertilizer application device according to claim 5, wherein each of the discharge ports of the fertilizer application pipe and / or the discharge pipe is shifted in the front-rear direction.
Drug injection device. 7. The fertilizer application / chemical injection method and apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fertilizer to be applied is a paste fertilizer and / or the drug to be injected is a chemical.