JP2002180077A - 潤滑剤組成物および軸受 - Google Patents

潤滑剤組成物および軸受

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Publication number
JP2002180077A
JP2002180077A JP2000374371A JP2000374371A JP2002180077A JP 2002180077 A JP2002180077 A JP 2002180077A JP 2000374371 A JP2000374371 A JP 2000374371A JP 2000374371 A JP2000374371 A JP 2000374371A JP 2002180077 A JP2002180077 A JP 2002180077A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
lubricant composition
oil
bearing
base oil
hydrocarbon
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2000374371A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Eishin Mikami
英信 三上
Toshiyuki Mizutani
敏幸 水谷
Masakazu Hirata
正和 平田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NTN Corp
Original Assignee
NTN Corp
NTN Toyo Bearing Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NTN Corp, NTN Toyo Bearing Co Ltd filed Critical NTN Corp
Priority to JP2000374371A priority Critical patent/JP2002180077A/ja
Priority to US09/997,817 priority patent/US20020107150A1/en
Publication of JP2002180077A publication Critical patent/JP2002180077A/ja
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66Special parts or details in view of lubrication
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Abstract

(57)【要約】 【課題】 音響特性に優れ、かつフレッティング摩耗が
生じ難い。 【解決手段】 増ちょう剤としてウレア化合物を、基油
として合成炭化水素油を含む非エステル油を配合してな
り、上記ウレア化合物が下記(I)で示され、R 1が芳
香族系炭化水素を含む基であり、R2が炭素数 6〜12 の
脂環族系炭化水素基および炭素数 6〜20 の脂肪族系炭
化水素基から選ばれた少なくとも一つの炭化水素基であ
り、nが 2〜3 であり、 (I) R1−(NHCONH−R2)n、 上記合成炭化水素油は、 40℃の動粘度が 20mm2/s以
上、80mm2/s未満であり、上記基油全体に対して少なく
とも 50 重量%以上含む。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は潤滑剤組成物および
この潤滑剤組成物を封入した軸受に関し、特に低騒音で
長時間回転する特性が要求されるハードディスクドライ
ブ(HDD)などの電子情報の記録・再生装置などに適
用される小径ころがり軸受用潤滑剤組成物および小径こ
ろがり軸受に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】ハードディスクドライブ(HDD)、ビ
デオテープレコーダ(VTR)などの磁気記録・再生装
置、レーザービームプリンタ(LBP)などの印刷機
器、コンパクトディスク(CD)、CD−ROM、デジ
タルビデオディスク(DVD)、DVD−ROM等のよ
うに光学的手段その他の電子情報等の記録・再生装置用
のころがり軸受には、装置の消費電力を抑えて低騒音で
作動させるための低トルク性および音響特性に優れたこ
ろがり軸受が要求されている。従来、上記装置に使用さ
れるミニアチュア軸受と呼ばれる小径ころがり軸受内部
の潤滑には、潤滑油や潤滑グリースが用いられてきた。
【0003】しかし、電子情報等の記録・再生装置用の
従来のころがり軸受は、潤滑油や潤滑グリースを封入し
ても騒音が発生しやすいという問題があった。騒音が発
生する原因としては、ころがり面における油膜形成が不
良であることが予想され、騒音発生時に軸受回転トルク
も大きく変動する場合が多い。
【0004】このため、高温下での軸受音響特性を改善
し、高温から低速回転時における音響特性の長寿命化に
適したグリース組成物が開示されている(特開平8−2
09176号公報)。このグリース組成物は、水酸基を
含まない炭素数 12〜24 の脂肪酸のリチウム塩 40〜100
重量%からなる増ちょう剤と、 40℃動粘度が 80〜300
mm2/s であってエステル油が少なくとも 10 重量%含ま
れる基油とからなり、上記増ちょう剤を 5 重量%以上
で 20 重量%未満含有している。また、増ちょう剤とし
て、ジウレア、ポリウレアの少なくとも一種を 5〜30
重量%含み、基油としてエステル油を少なくとも 10 重
量%含むグリース組成物が開示されている。
【0005】また、より低アウトガスで、長期的な音響
特性に優れたグリースを封入した軸受として、芳香族エ
ステル単独、あるいは芳香族エステルとポリオールエス
テルとの混合油からなる基油に、リチウム石けん系増ち
ょう剤配合してなるグリースを封入したハードディスク
ドライブ(HDD)用ころがり軸受が開示されている
(特開平11−325086号公報)。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記し
た従来のころがり軸受用グリースは、増ちょう剤にリチ
ウム石けん、基油にエステル油を使用しており、音響特
性に優れるものの、グリースを封入して用いる軸受、ま
たは軸受が組み込まれている装置を移動、運搬などの持
ち運びする際、軸受の転走面に、振動による微小な摩
耗、いわゆるフレッティング摩耗(微動摩耗)が発生し
やすい。このフレッティング摩耗が生じると、軸受の回
転騒音が増大するため、静粛性を保つことができず、軸
受の信頼性を損てしまうという問題がある。また、基油
にエステル油を使用することにより、ジウレアやポリウ
レアを用いてもフレッティング摩耗の発生を防止するこ
とが困難であるという問題がある。
【0007】本発明は、このような問題に対処するため
になされたもので、音響特性に優れ、かつフレッティン
グ摩耗が生じ難く、情報の記録・再生装置用軸受に用い
ることができる潤滑剤組成物およびこの潤滑剤組成物を
封入した軸受を提供することを目的とする。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の潤滑剤組成物
は、増ちょう剤としてウレア化合物を、基油として合成
炭化水素油を含む非エステル油を配合してなり、上記ウ
レア化合物が下記(I)で示され、R1が芳香族系炭化
水素を含む基であり、R2が炭素数 6〜12 の脂環族系炭
化水素基および炭素数 6〜20 の脂肪族系炭化水素基か
ら選ばれた少なくとも一つの炭化水素基であり、nが 2
〜3 であり、 (I) R1−(NHCONH−R2)n、 上記合成炭化水素油は、 40℃の動粘度が 20mm2/s以
上、80mm2/s未満であり、上記基油全体に対して 50 重
量%以上含むことを特徴とする。ここで非エステル油と
はエステル油を含まない油をいう。
【0009】また、潤滑剤組成物の混和ちょう度が 220
〜280 であることを特徴とする。ここで混和ちょう度は
日本工業規格(JIS)K2220に準じて測定した値
をいう。
【0010】本発明の軸受は、耐騒音および耐フレッテ
ィング用軸受であって、上述した潤滑剤組成物を封入し
てなることを特徴とする。また、情報の記録・再生装置
に用いられるスピンドル用軸受であって、上述した潤滑
剤組成物を封入してなることを特徴とする。
【0011】基油のエステル油にリチウム石けん系増ち
ょう剤を配合した潤滑剤組成物を封入した軸受の音響特
性は向上する。しかし、エステル油に代えて合成炭化水
素油を用いると音響特性が向上しなくなる。一方、合成
炭化水素油は、フレッティング摩耗の発生を抑えること
ができる。本発明は、上記(I)で示されるウレア化合
物を用いることにより、合成炭化水素油を用いても、優
れた音響特性を維持したまま、フレッティング摩耗の発
生を抑えることができる。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の潤滑剤組成物は、合成炭
化水素油を含む非エステル油を基油として使用する。合
成炭化水素油は、炭素と水素の化合物からなる炭化水素
化合物であり、ポリ−α−オレフィン油、α−オレフィ
ンとオレフィンとの共重合体、ポリブテンなどの脂肪族
系炭化水素油、アルキルべンゼン、アルキルナフタレ
ン、ポリフェニル、合成ナフテンなどの芳香族系炭化水
素油がある。本発明に好適な合成炭化水素油は、増ちょ
う剤としてウレア化合物を配合したときに音響特性とフ
レッティング摩耗性を両立できる脂肪族系炭化水素油で
ある。脂肪族系炭化水素油の中でもポリ−α−オレフィ
ン油、α−オレフィンとオレフィンとの共重合体が好ま
しい。
【0013】上記合成炭化水素油は、 40℃で測定した
動粘度が 20mm2/s以上、80mm2/s未満であることが好ま
しい。基油中に配合される合成炭化水素油の割合にもよ
るが、20mm2/s未満であると耐熱性に劣り、80mm2/s以上
であると軸受の回転トルクが増大する。
【0014】上記合成炭化水素油と混合することにより
基油として使用できる油は、ナフテン系、パラフィン
系、流動パラフィン、水素化脱ろう油などの鉱油、ポリ
アルキレングリコールなどのポリグリコール油、アルキ
ルジフェニルエーテル、ポリフェニルエーテルなどのエ
ーテル油、ポリジメチルシロキサン、ポリフェニルメチ
ルシロキサンなどのシリコーン油等が挙げられる。
【0015】基油は、基油全量に対して 50 重量%以上
の合成炭化水素油を含有する。すなわち、合成炭化水素
油単独であってもよい。 50 重量%以上の合成炭化水素
油を含有することにより、フレッティング摩耗の発生を
抑えることができる。
【0016】増ちょう剤として使用するウレア化合物
は、下記(I)で示され、R1が芳香族系炭化水素を含
む基であり、R2が炭素数 6〜12 の脂環族系炭化水素基
および炭素数 6〜20 の脂肪族系炭化水素基から選ばれ
た少なくとも一つの炭化水素基であり、nが 2〜3 であ
る。 (I) R1−(NHCONH−R2)n 上記ウレア化合物を使用することにより、フレッティン
グ摩耗を発生させず、かつ音響特性が良好になる。
【0017】R1は芳香族系炭化水素を含む基であり、
芳香族単環、芳香族縮合環、これらがメチレン鎖、シア
ヌル環、イソシアヌル環等で連結された基等が挙げられ
る。具体的には、ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、
トリレンジイソシアネート、これらジイソシアネート類
の二量体、三量体等のイソシアネート基を除いた残基が
挙げられる。R1が芳香族系炭化水素を含む基とするこ
とにより、潤滑剤組成物の耐熱性が向上する。
【0018】R2は炭素数 6〜12 の脂環族系炭化水素
基、炭素数 6〜20 の脂肪族系炭化水素基、またはこれ
らが混合している炭化水素基である。炭素数が上記範囲
未満であると潤滑剤組成物の耐熱性が劣り、炭素数が上
記範囲をこえると音響特性が悪くなる。
【0019】R1−(NHCONH−R2)nにおけるn
は 2〜3 である。潤滑剤組成物の熱的安定性を保てるこ
とから、nは 2または3 であることが好ましい。
【0020】ウレア化合物は、イソシアネート化合物と
アミノ化合物を反応させることにより得られる。反応性
ある遊離基を残さないため、イソシアネート化合物のイ
ソシアネート基とアミノ化合物のアミノ基とは略当量と
なるように配合することが好ましい。
【0021】潤滑剤組成物は、基油中でイソシアネート
化合物とアミノ化合物を反応させてもよく、またあらか
じめ合成されたウレア化合物を基油と混合してもよい。
好ましい作製方法は、潤滑剤組成物の安定性を保ちやす
い前者の方法である。
【0022】潤滑剤組成物は混和ちょう度が 220〜280
である。混和ちょう度が 220〜280の範囲内にあること
により、小径ころがり軸受内部に封入したときに、ころ
がり面における油膜形成を良好に保ことができる。また
フレッティング摩耗が抑えられる。
【0023】本発明の潤滑剤組成物には、その優れた性
能を高めるため、必要に応じて公知の添加剤を含有させ
ることができる。この添加剤として、例えば、アミン
系、フェノール系、イオウ系、ジチオりん酸亜鉛などの
酸化防止剤、塩素系、イオウ系、りん系、ジチオりん酸
亜鉛、有機モリブデンなど極圧剤、石油スルホネート、
ジノニルナフタレンスルホネート、ソルビタンエステル
などのさび止剤、ベンゾトリアゾール、亜硝酸ソーダな
どの金属不活性剤、ポリメタクリレート、ポリイソブチ
レン、ポリスチレンなどの粘度指数向上剤などが挙げら
れ、これらを単独または 2 種類以上組み合わせて添加
できる。
【0024】本発明の軸受の一例を図1に示す。図1は
小径ころがり軸受の断面図である。ころがり軸受1は、
外周面に内輪転走面を有する内輪2と内周面に外輪転走
面を有する外輪3とが同心に配置され、内輪転走面と外
輪転走面との間に介在される複数個の転動体4および図
示を省略した保持器およびシール部材とにより構成され
る。内輪2と外輪3との間に上述した潤滑剤組成物5が
封入される。
【0025】本発明の軸受は、ウレア化合物と合成炭化
水素油を含む非エステル油とから作製された潤滑剤組成
物5を封入することにより、軸受の転走面に発生しやす
いフレッティング摩耗を抑えることができる。フレッテ
ィング摩耗を抑えるので軸受の回転騒音が増大しない。
その結果、静粛性を維持できるので、ハードディスクド
ライブ(HDD)、ビデオテープレコーダ(VTR)な
どの磁気記録・再生装置、レーザービームプリンタ(L
BP)などの印刷機器、コンパクトディスク(CD)、
CD−ROM、デジタルビデオディスク(DVD)、D
VD−ROM等のように光学的手段その他の電子情報等
の記録・再生装置用のスピンドル用軸受として用いるこ
とができる。
【0026】
【実施例】実施例1〜実施例6 表1に示す配合割合で基油、増ちょう剤の原料および酸
化防止剤を使用し、ジイソシアナートを基油に加熱溶解
させ、これに表1記載のアミンを同基油に加熱溶解させ
たものを加えた。アミンの配合量は、モル比でジイソシ
アナートの 2倍である。生成したゲル状物質に酸化防止
剤を加え撹拌した後、ロールミルに通し、潤滑剤組成物
として半固形状の潤滑グリースを得た。なお、表1中の
各配合成分は、組成物全体を 100重量%とした場合の含
有率(重量%)である。得られた潤滑グリースの混和ち
ょう度の測定結果と、用いた基油の粘度測定結果を表1
に示した。また、以下に示す音響特性評価およびフレッ
ティング摩耗性評価を行ない、これらの結果を表1に併
記した。
【0027】1)音響特性評価 潤滑グリースを封入した684軸受(深溝玉軸受、寸
法:内径 4mm、外径 9mm)2 個を一つのスピンドル用の
モータで回転する回転軸に組み込み、軸受回転数20000r
pm、雰囲気温度 100℃、アキシャル荷重 0.8kgf で回転
させた。この回転条件でJIS B1548−1960
に準拠して 100 時間毎に騒音値(dBA)を測定し
た。各測定時に騒音値が 42 dBA未満である場合は、
再度前記同条件で軸受を回転させ、さらに 100 時間後
の騒音値を測定した。そして、騒音値が 42 dBAに到
達するまで同様な測定を繰り返し、最終的に 42 dBA
に到達した時間を調べた。この結果は、下記のように 3
段階に評価して結果を表1中に併記した。 ○印: 42 dBAに到達した時間が 600 時間以上 △印: 42 dBAに到達した時間が 300 時間以上 600
時間未満 ×印: 42 dBAに到達した時間が 300 時間未満
【0028】2)フレッティング摩耗性評価 51204軸受(スラスト玉軸受、寸法:内径 20mm、
外径 40mm)の内部に潤滑グリースを塗布し、振動数 30
Hz、揺動角:12度、雰囲気温度:室温、アキシャル
荷重 2450Nで 2 時間連続して振動させた。そして、上
記試験後、摩耗による軸受の重量減少を測定し、下記の
ように 3 段階に評価し、その結果を表1中に併記し
た。重量減少の値が小さいほど耐フレッティング摩耗性
に優れた潤滑グリースといえる。 ○印:摩耗重量減少が 2mg 未満 △印:摩耗重量減少が 2mg 以上 3mg 未満 ×印:摩耗重量減少が 3mg 以上
【0029】
【表1】
【0030】比較例1、比較例2および比較例6 表2に示す配合割合で基油、増ちょう剤の原料および酸
化防止剤を使用し、ジイソシアナートを基油に加熱溶解
させ、これに表2記載のアミンを同基油に加熱溶解させ
たものを加えた。アミンの配合量は、モル比でジイソシ
アナートの 2倍である。生成したゲル状物質に酸化防止
剤を加え撹拌した後、ロールミルに通し、潤滑剤組成物
として半固形状の潤滑グリースを得た。なお、表2中の
各配合成分は、組成物全体を 100重量%とした場合の含
有率(重量%)である。得られた潤滑グリースの混和ち
ょう度を用いた基油の粘度とともに表2に示した。ま
た、実施例1と同一の方法で音響特性評価およびフレッ
ティング摩耗性評価を行ない、これらの結果を表2に併
記した。
【0031】比較例3から比較例5 表2に示す配合割合で基油、増ちょう剤および酸化防止
剤を使用し、増ちょう剤の融点以上に加熱して均一に溶
解させた後、冷却してゲル状物質を得た。その後、ロー
ルミルに通し、潤滑剤組成物として半固形状の潤滑グリ
ースを得た。なお、表2中の各配合成分は、組成物全体
を 100重量%とした場合の含有率(重量%)である。得
られた潤滑グリースの混和ちょう度を用いた基油の粘度
とともに表2に示した。また、実施例1と同一の方法で
音響特性評価およびフレッティング摩耗性評価を行な
い、これらの結果を表2に併記した。
【0032】
【表2】
【0033】表1および表2に示すように、増ちょう剤
としてウレア化合物を、基油として合成炭化水素油を 5
0 重量%以上含む非エステル油を配合した各実施例は、
音響特性評価およびフレッティング摩耗性評価に優れて
いた。一方、エステル油を配合した比較例1および比較
例3は、耐フレッティング摩耗性に劣り、合成炭化水素
油が 50 重量%未満配合の比較例4は耐フレッティング
摩耗性が各実施例に比較して十分でなかった。合成炭化
水素油を全く含まない基油を用いた比較例6は、耐フレ
ッティング摩耗性に劣り、音響特性も十分でなかった。
また、R2が芳香族基からなるウレア化合物を用いた比
較例2は、混和ちょう度も大きくなり、音響特性評価が
劣っていた。
【0034】
【発明の効果】本発明の潤滑剤組成物は、請求項1記載
の配合とするので、軸受に用いたときに音響特性を損な
うことなく、耐フレッティング摩耗性に優れる。また、
混和ちょう度が 220〜280 であるので、上記特性がより
向上する。
【0035】本発明の軸受は、上記潤滑剤組成物を封入
してなるので、耐騒音および耐フレッティング摩耗性に
優れた軸受が得られる。また、電子情報の記録・再生装
置に用いられるスピンドル用軸受として最適である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】小径ころがり軸受の断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 ころがり軸受 2 内輪 3 外輪 4 転動体 5 潤滑剤組成物
フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 FI テーマコート゛(参考) F16C 33/66 F16C 33/66 Z // C10N 20:00 C10N 20:00 Z 20:02 20:02 30:00 30:00 Z 30:06 30:06 40:02 40:02 (72)発明者 平田 正和 三重県桑名市大字東方字尾弓田3066 NT N株式会社内 Fターム(参考) 3J101 AA02 AA42 CA40 FA32 GA53 4H104 BA02A BA03A BA07A BE13B CA01A CA04A EA01Z EA02A LA03 LA20 PA01

Claims (4)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 【請求項1】 増ちょう剤としてウレア化合物を、基油
    として合成炭化水素油を含む非エステル油を配合してな
    る潤滑剤組成物であって、 前記ウレア化合物が下記(I)で示され、R1が芳香族
    系炭化水素を含む基であり、R2が炭素数 6〜12 の脂環
    族系炭化水素基および炭素数 6〜20 の脂肪族系炭化水
    素基から選ばれた少なくとも一つの炭化水素基であり、
    nが 2〜3 であり、 (I) R1−(NHCONH−R2)n、 前記合成炭化水素油は、 40℃の動粘度が 20mm2/s以
    上、80mm2/s未満であり、前記基油全体に対して 50 重
    量%以上含むことを特徴とする潤滑剤組成物。
  2. 【請求項2】 混和ちょう度が 220〜280 であることを
    特徴とする請求項1記載の潤滑剤組成物。
  3. 【請求項3】 潤滑剤組成物を封入してなる耐騒音およ
    び耐フレッティング用軸受であって、前記潤滑剤組成物
    が請求項1または請求項2記載の潤滑剤組成物であるこ
    とを特徴とする軸受。
  4. 【請求項4】 潤滑剤組成物を封入してなる情報の記録
    ・再生装置に用いられるスピンドル用軸受であって、前
    記潤滑剤組成物が請求項1または請求項2記載の潤滑剤
    組成物であることを特徴とする軸受。
JP2000374371A 2000-12-08 2000-12-08 潤滑剤組成物および軸受 Pending JP2002180077A (ja)

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WO2003091368A1 (fr) * 2002-04-26 2003-11-06 Nippon Oil Corporation Graisse
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JP2016210961A (ja) * 2015-05-01 2016-12-15 セイコーインスツル株式会社 情報記録再生装置の転がり軸受用グリース、転がり軸受、転がり軸受装置及び情報記録再生装置
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WO2003091368A1 (fr) * 2002-04-26 2003-11-06 Nippon Oil Corporation Graisse
US8183191B2 (en) 2002-04-26 2012-05-22 Nippon Oil Corporation Grease composition
JP2016133143A (ja) * 2015-01-16 2016-07-25 Ntn株式会社 転がり軸受
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JP2016210961A (ja) * 2015-05-01 2016-12-15 セイコーインスツル株式会社 情報記録再生装置の転がり軸受用グリース、転がり軸受、転がり軸受装置及び情報記録再生装置
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