JP2002030690A - Excavator with attachment horizontal mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To hold an inclination angle of an attachment in an excavator having a boom, an arm and the attachment. SOLUTION: A tilt bracket 17 for rotating the attachment 4 left and right is pivoted on a tip of the arm 5, hydraulic cylinder pivoting parts are mounted on an arm tip side of the tilt bracket 17 and an end part of a fork bucket 19, and the switching of the automatic, manual or control stop of the inclination angle of the attachment is controlled.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a control mechanism for an attachment mounted on an extremity of an arm of an excavator. More specifically, the present invention relates to a technique for controlling a roll direction of an attachment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a digging work vehicle, an attachment such as a bucket is attached to a tip of an arm, and the inclination of the attachment in a roll direction is fixed to the work vehicle. For this reason, the inclination of the work vehicle becomes the inclination of the bucket.

[0003]

When an excavation work is performed by an excavation work vehicle located on an inclined surface, the bucket is inclined by the inclination of the work vehicle, and it is difficult to excavate flat. In particular, when a work vehicle is used in a wet field, the vehicle body tends to tilt, and accordingly, attachments such as buckets also tilt. The bucket of the lotus root backhoe is wider than the bucket for civil engineering, and the displacement due to the inclination is large. When the displacement due to the inclination is large, it is easy to damage the lotus root, and it is necessary to perform the work with a small scraping amount so as not to damage the lotus root, which takes time and effort.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following means. As described in claim 1, in an excavator equipped with a boom, an arm, and an attachment, a posture detecting means for detecting a left-right posture of the attachment,
Attachment attitude changing means for adjusting the inclination of the attachment is attached to the attachment.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the upper swing body of the backhoe is provided with an angle detecting means for detecting an inclination angle.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a tilt bracket that pivots the attachment left and right is pivotally mounted on the tip of the arm, and a hydraulic cylinder pivot is provided at the tip of the arm of the tilt bracket and at the end of the attachment.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an excavation work vehicle with a horizontal mechanism for horizontally maintaining and controlling the attachment by means of the attachment attitude detecting means and the attitude changing means.
Controls switching between automatic, manual, and control stop.

[0008]

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the entire configuration of a work vehicle, FIG. 2 is a partial front sectional view showing a supported state of a bucket, FIG. 3 is a front view showing a base configuration of a fork bucket,
4 is a plan view showing the structure of the fork bucket, FIG. 5 is a side view thereof, FIG. 6 is a front view showing the structure of the tilt bracket, FIG. 7 is a plan view thereof, FIG.
Is a rear view, FIG. 10 is a front view showing a tilted state of a bucket, FIG. 11 is a plan view showing an arrangement configuration of an electromagnetic valve, FIG. 12 is a side view showing a configuration of an operation box, and FIG. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the relationship between the tilt angle of the sensor and the output voltage.

First, as an embodiment of the construction machine of the present invention,
The configuration of the excavator equipped with the crawler traveling device will be described. In FIG. 1, the excavation work vehicle has a swing table bearing arranged at the upper center of the crawler traveling device 1 and supports the swing body 8 to be able to swing left and right by the swing table bearing. At the front end or the rear end of the crawler type traveling device 1, a not-shown earth discharging plate is disposed so as to be vertically rotatable. The lower part of the revolving unit 8 is constituted by a revolving frame 11. A cabin 3 is formed on the revolving frame 11, and a driver's seat is arranged in the cabin 3.

A boom bracket 12 is attached to the front end of the revolving frame 11 so as to be rotatable left and right. The lower end of the boom 6 is pivotally supported by the boom bracket 12 so as to be vertically rotatable. The base of the arm 5 is pivotally supported at the tip of the boom 6, and equipment such as the bucket 4 is attached to the tip of the arm 5. The lower end of the boom cylinder 14 is pivotally supported by the boom bracket 12, and the boom 6 is rotated with respect to the boom bracket 12 by expanding and contracting the boom cylinder 14. An arm cylinder 15 is disposed above the boom 6, and the arm 5 rotates with respect to the boom 6 by the expansion and contraction of the arm cylinder 15. A bucket cylinder 10 is disposed on the upper surface of the arm 5,
The bucket 4 is connected to the tip of the bucket cylinder 10 via a link mechanism. The bucket 4 is rotatably supported at the tip end of the arm 5, and rotates with respect to the arm 5 by the expansion and contraction of the bucket cylinder 10.

Next, the structure of the bucket 4 will be described with reference to FIG. The bucket 4 includes a tilt bracket 17, a fork bucket 19, a tilt cylinder 16, and a sensor 18. The tilt bracket 17 is
The tip of the arm 5 is pivotally supported in the front-rear direction, and the tip of the tilt bracket 17 is pivotally supported in the fork bucket 19 in the left-right direction. A tilt cylinder 16 is provided between the tilt bracket 17 and the fork bucket 19, and the fork bucket 19 is rotated with respect to the tilt bracket 17 by expanding and contracting the tilt cylinder 16. The sensor 1 is provided on the upper surface of the fork bucket 19.
8 is fixedly provided so that the inclination angle of the fork bucket 19 can be recognized.

Next, the structure of the fork bucket 19 will be described with reference to FIGS. The fork bucket 19 has a base 21, teeth 24, 24, 24, and teeth 24.
And a stay 25 for connecting the front end and the base. A bracket 22 is formed on the central upper surface of the base 21, and the bracket 22 allows the fork bucket 1
9 and the tilt bracket 17 are connected. A bracket 23 is formed on the upper surface of the end of the base 21, and one end of the tilt cylinder 16 is connected to the bracket 23.

An upper end of a tooth 24 is fixedly provided on a front surface of the base 21. The teeth 24 are formed of rod-shaped members having an octagonal cross section, and the tips of the teeth 24 are formed flat. In addition, as the cross-sectional shape of the tooth 24, a polygonal shape such as a circle, a hexagon, and a triangle can be used. The teeth 24 form a gentle arc, and extend rearward while bulging downward and obliquely forward. A plurality of teeth 24 are arranged at equal intervals and in parallel. Tooth 2 fixed to the end of base 21
A stay 25 is connected to 4 to reinforce the teeth 24. The upper end of the stay 25 is fixed to the end of the base 21, and the lower end is fixed to the lower part of the teeth 24. Furthermore, the upper surface of the base 21 and the bracket 23
The sensor 18 is provided on the side opposite to the configuration of the above.

Next, the structure of the tilt bracket 17 will be described with reference to FIGS. The tilt bracket 17 is mounted on the tip of the arm 5. The tilt bracket 17 is provided with an arm connection 27, a fork bucket support 26, and a bracket 28. In the tilt bracket 17, the arm connecting portion 2
7 are provided at four places, and two rear parts are connected to the tip of the arm 5. The front two portions are connected to the tip of the bucket cylinder 10 via a link mechanism provided at the tip of the arm 5. Thus, the tilt bracket 17 can be moved in the front-rear direction with respect to the arm 5. A pivot pin (not shown) is inserted into a fork bucket support 26 provided below the tilt bracket 17, and the fork bucket 19 is pivotably supported. Here, the rotation direction of the tilt bracket 17 with respect to the arm 5 and the rotation direction of the fork bucket 19 with respect to the tilt bracket 17 are orthogonal to each other. A bracket 28 is formed on a side of the tilt bracket 17, and one end of the tilt cylinder 16 is connected to the bracket 28.

By connecting the tilt bracket 17, the fork bucket 19, and the tilt cylinder 16 configured as described above, and expanding and contracting the tilt cylinder 16, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 0, the fork bucket 19 can be tilted. Since the fork bucket 19 can be tilted with respect to the arm 5, the fork bucket 19 can be tilted with respect to the work vehicle. Thereby, even when the work vehicle is inclined, the surface to be excavated by the fork bucket 19 can be flattened.

Next, the configuration of the hydraulic piping connected to the tilt cylinder 16 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 11, a swivel joint 32, a hydraulic motor 34, a swing cylinder 33, and a solenoid valve 35 are disposed on a turning frame 11. Further, a hydraulic pump (not shown) is provided, and the hydraulic pump is driven by an engine. Hydraulic port 31 for hydraulic pump
Are connected to supply hydraulic oil discharged from a hydraulic pump to a pipe connected to the hydraulic port 31. The hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pump is the hydraulic port 31
Is supplied to the swivel joint 32 and the hydraulic motor 34 via the. An electromagnetic valve 35 is connected to the hydraulic port 31 by hydraulic piping. The hydraulic valve connected to the tilt cylinder 16 is connected to the solenoid valve 35.

A controller 38 is provided near the solenoid valve 35.
Is provided, and the solenoid valve 3 is controlled by the controller 38.
5 is controlled. By controlling the solenoid valve 35, the supply of hydraulic oil to the tilt cylinder 16 is controlled,
The tilt cylinder 16 expands and contracts, and the tilt of the bucket 4 is controlled. The controller 38 is connected to the sensor 18 disposed on the bucket 4, and operates the solenoid valve 35 so as to maintain the bucket 4 horizontal with respect to the inclination angle detected by the sensor 18, and controls the tilt cylinder 16. It controls expansion and contraction. By performing such automatic level control, even when the vehicle body is tilted, the tilt of the bucket 4 is automatically controlled, and the level is maintained.

FIG. 12 and FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the operation box 39 is connected,
The on / off and inclination of the automatic level control of the bucket 4 can be adjusted. On the front of the operation box 39, an automatic control on / off switch 40 and a tilt adjustment switch 41 are provided.
Are arranged. When the automatic control on / off switch 40 is pressed once, the automatic control is turned on, and when the switch is pressed again, the automatic control is released. During work, the work can be performed while the automatic control is set to “on” and the bucket 4 is kept horizontal. The automatic control is canceled when moving.

The tilt adjustment switch 41 is set at three positions of right, left and neutral, and automatically returns to the neutral position. When the tilt adjustment switch 41 is turned to the right, the bucket 4 tilts to the right, and when turned to the left, the bucket 4 tilts to the left. Alternatively, the bucket can be set to be inclined in the reverse direction. The tilt adjustment switch 41 selects a neutral position and a right and left tilt. When the tilt adjustment switch 41 is at the neutral position, the tilt of the bucket 4 is maintained. Further, the inclination adjusted by the inclination adjustment switch 41 can be maintained by automatic control.

FIG. 14 shows a configuration for detecting an angle by the sensor 18. As shown in FIG. One voltage is input to the sensor 18,
The voltage output from the sensor 18 changes according to the inclination angle of the sensor 18. The neutral position is recognized by recognizing the voltage output by the sensor 18 in the horizontal state. When the voltage output from the sensor 18 is higher than the horizontal state, the bucket 4 is tilted toward a lower voltage, and when the voltage is lower than the horizontal state, the bucket 4 is tilted toward a higher voltage to shift the horizontal. To maintain. In the above configuration, the inclination angle of the bucket 4 is recognized based on the voltage.
By adjusting the voltage input to 8, bucket 4
Can be automatically maintained at an arbitrary angle.

The sensor 18 is mounted on the revolving unit 8 or the revolving unit 8
It is also possible to detect the posture of the work vehicle and control the inclination of the bucket 4 according to the posture of the work vehicle.
In this case, the distance between the controller 38 and the sensor 18 becomes short, and the wiring becomes easy. In this case, the time during which the solenoid valve 35 is open or the tilt cylinder 16
The angle of the bucket 4 can be adjusted depending on the amount of oil supplied to the bucket. Further, an inclination sensor is disposed at two or more than three places of the bucket 4 and the revolving unit 8,
It is also possible to adjust the inclination angle of the bucket 4.

[0022]

As described above, the present invention has the following advantages. That is, as described in claim 1, in an excavator equipped with a boom, an arm, and an attachment, a posture detecting means for detecting a left-right posture of the attachment and a posture changing means for adjusting a tilt of the attachment are mounted on the attachment. So
Work efficiency is improved because the excavation surface is kept horizontal regardless of the inclination of the vehicle body.

As described in the second aspect, since the upper revolving structure of the backhoe is provided with the angle detecting means for detecting the inclination angle, the excavation surface is kept horizontal regardless of the inclination of the vehicle body, so that the work efficiency is improved. Further, since the inclination of the revolving structure can be recognized in accordance with the rotation of the revolving structure, the excavation surface can be reliably maintained horizontal.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the tilt bracket for pivoting the attachment left and right is pivotally mounted on the tip of the arm, and the hydraulic cylinder pivotal support is attached to the tip of the arm of the tilt bracket and the end of the attachment. The inclination of the excavation can be easily recognized, the excavation surface can be adjusted regardless of the inclination of the vehicle body, and the working efficiency is improved.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an excavating work vehicle with a horizontal mechanism for horizontally maintaining and controlling the attachment by means of the attachment attitude detecting means and the attitude changing means.
Since switching control between automatic, manual, and control stop is performed, the excavation surface is maintained at the set angle regardless of the inclination of the vehicle body, so that work efficiency is improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the overall configuration of a work vehicle.

FIG. 2 is a partial front sectional view showing a supporting state of the bucket.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing a base configuration of the fork bucket.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a configuration of a fork bucket.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing the configuration of the tilt bracket.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 8 is a right side view of the same.

FIG. 9 is a rear view of the same.

FIG. 10 is a front view showing a tilted state of the bucket.

FIG. 11 is a plan view showing an arrangement configuration of an electromagnetic valve.

FIG. 12 is a side view showing the configuration of the operation box.

FIG. 13 is a front view of the same.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a relationship between a tilt angle of a sensor and an output voltage.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crawler type traveling device 3 Cabin 4 Bucket 5 Arm 8 Revolving body 11 Revolving frame 16 Tilt cylinder 17 Tilt bracket 18 Sensor 19 Fork bucket 21 Base 24 Teeth 25 Stay 27 Arm connection 26 Fork bucket support 28 Bracket 35 Solenoid valve 38 Controller 39 operation box 40 automatic control on / off switch 41 tilt adjustment switch

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An excavator equipped with a boom, an arm, and an attachment, wherein the attachment is provided with attitude detecting means for detecting a lateral attitude of the attachment and attitude changing means for adjusting the inclination of the attachment. Excavation work vehicle with attachment horizontal mechanism. 2. An upper revolving structure of the backhoe is provided with angle detecting means for detecting an inclination angle.
An excavating vehicle with an attachment horizontal mechanism according to the description. 3. A tilt bracket for pivotally attaching an attachment to the end of an arm is pivotally mounted, and a hydraulic cylinder pivot is provided on the end of the tilt bracket and on the end of the attachment. Excavator with attachment horizontal mechanism. 4. An excavating work vehicle with a horizontal mechanism, wherein switching of automatic / manual / control stop is performed in an excavating work vehicle with a horizontal mechanism for horizontally maintaining and controlling the attachment by means of an attachment posture detecting means and a posture changing means. .