JP2001218512A - Bulbous vegetable harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bulbous vegetable harvester designed not to cause cloggings when bulbous vegetables are delivered from a leaf nipping carrier to a neck nipping carrier. SOLUTION: This bulbous vegetable harvester has such a construction that a traveling machine body disposed with traveling wheels 4 left and right and a steering handle 6 on the rear portion is mounted with a leaf nipping carrier 15a for elastically nipping and pulling off the stems/leaves C1 of bulbous vegetables C planted in the field and then carry them rearwardly upward, a neck nipping carrier 15b situated below the leaf nipping carrier in such a manner that the nipping initial end is positioned behind that of the leaf nipping carrier and the nipping terminal end run apart from the leaf nipping carrier 15a toward the downward side of the carrying direction, and a cutter 17 functioning to act on the stems/leaves of bulbous vegetables, and also a subsoiler 14 for digging the soil at the base of the bulbs C2 of bulbous vegetables through insertion underground below the bulbs of the bulbous vegetables in the field and forcedly shaking them by its driving force is furnished in the vicinity of the initial end of the leaf nipping carrier 15a.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a head vegetable harvester for efficiently transporting and harvesting head vegetables having bulbs such as onions and garlic after being pulled out.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been known a technique in which a foliage of a head vegetable dug out of the ground is pinched, conveyed backward, unnecessary foliage is cut and discharged, and only a bulb to be harvested is harvested. It has become. The structure is such that the foliage is nipped by the nipping surface of the leaf nipping and transferring device in which the nipping belt is wound symmetrically and the nipping belt of the neck nipping and transferring device, and is transported rearward. The stems and leaves of the head vegetables are delivered to the front end (starting end of the holding surface) of the neck holding / transporting device arranged substantially horizontally below the leaf holding / transporting device arranged in the above, and the neck of the head vegetables is positioned. In this configuration, the bulb was transported backward while the unnecessary bulbs were removed by a cutter, and the bulbs were harvested.

[0003]

However, in the prior art, the foliage portion of the head vegetables conveyed by the leaf clamping device is transported to the front end (starting end of the clamping surface) of the neck clamping transport device. When the bulb is conveyed to the front end, the bulb is caught between the left and right belts, and the bulb is clogged. For this reason, the head and leaf vegetables are well dug up by the subsoiler, and when the bulbs are lifted up, the leaf-grasping / transporting device clamps and transports the portion directly above the bulbs. As a result, the bulb portion was clogged by the clamping belt, and it could not be transferred to the neck clamping transfer device. Also,
When the bulb portion was small, it sometimes passed through without being caught by the neck holding / transporting device, and was directly transported and discharged by the leaf holding / transporting device. These problems are solved.

[0004]

The present invention uses the following means in order to solve the above problems. According to the first aspect of the present invention, the foliage of the head vegetables planted in a field is elastically clamped to a traveling body having traveling wheels disposed on the left and right and a steering handle disposed at the rear, and is lifted and suspended upward and rearward. A leaf nipping transfer device for transporting the same, and a nipping start end located below the nipping start end of the leaf nipping and transferring device below the n leaf nipping and transferring device. Arranged so as to be separated from the leaf holding and transferring device,
Neck holding / transporting device for aligning the height of bulb portion of head vegetables while holding and transporting the stems and leaves of the head vegetables being suspended and transported from the left and right, and the heights of the neck holding / transporting devices were aligned. A cutter that acts on the stems and leaves of the headed vegetables is arranged, and is inserted into the ground below the bulbs of the headed vegetables in the field, and is forcibly shaken by a driving force, so that the bottom of the heads of the heads of the headed vegetables. A subsoiler for excavating a portion of the soil is disposed near the start end of the leaf-portion-carrying and transferring device. In the second aspect, the leaf holding and transferring device has an opposing contact surface that holds the foliage of the headed vegetables with elastic force, and the foliage is elastically gripped and pulled up, and the transportation is hung upward and backward. The neck holding and transferring device is configured such that the opposing contact surfaces that hold the foliage of the head vegetables have elasticity. According to a third aspect of the present invention, a fixed weeding plate is provided in front of the leaf-grasping and transferring device so that the foliage of the headed vegetables planted in the field is vegetatively shaped.

[0005]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The problems and configurations to be solved by the present invention are as described above. Next, an embodiment of the present invention shown in the attached drawings will be described. FIG. 1 is a side view of a harvester for harvesting head vegetables having bulbs such as onions and garlic, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same harvester, and FIG. 3 shows an arrangement configuration of a front end portion of a neck holding and transferring device of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the neck holding / transporting device, FIG. 5 is a side view showing the configuration in which a disk is provided in front of the neck holding / transporting device, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a front cross-sectional view in which the shape of the disk is changed, FIG. 8 is a side view and a partial cross-sectional view of a holding belt having a triangular elastic body fixed to an outer peripheral surface,
FIG. 9 is a front sectional view of a holding belt to which a triangular elastic body is fixed, FIG. 10 is a side view of a main clutch lever enabling operation of a brake mechanism, and FIG. 11 is a skeleton showing a power transmission configuration inside a final case. FIG.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the entire configuration of the harvesting machine A for head vegetables (onions) will be described. The head cropping machine A has a plurality of lower frames 7
And the main frame 5 is attached to the rear end of the lower frame 7.
Are disposed in the left-right direction, and at the rear position of the main frame 5,
An engine 1 supported by the main frame 5 and a transmission case 2 containing a transmission mechanism interlocked with an output portion thereof are vertically arranged. A cylindrical case 40 projects from the lower part of the transmission case 2 to the left and right sides, and the cylindrical case 40
A final case 3.3 is fixedly mounted at one end of the vehicle, and driving wheels 4.4 supported at the front end of the final case 3.3 are driven. The steering handle 6 protrudes upward and rearward from both ends of the main frame 5, and a steering clutch lever 46 and a main clutch lever 49 are provided.

Next, a power transmission configuration inside the final case 3 will be described with reference to FIG. A cylindrical case 40 is fixed to the rear end side surface of the final case 3, and a transmission shaft 41 for transmitting power after shifting by the transmission case 2 is supported inside the cylindrical case 40. I have. A brake mechanism 42 is provided on the transmission shaft 41. The brake mechanism 42 is operable by a main clutch lever 49 described later, and can stop the machine body. Further, the end of the transmission shaft 41 is fitted into the final case 3, and the sprocket 41 a is fixed in the final case 3. A drive shaft 43 is supported at the front of the final case 3. A sprocket 43a is loosely fitted on the drive shaft 43, and a chain is wound between the sprocket 43a and the sprocket 41a. Further, a side clutch 44 is disposed on the side surface of the sprocket 43a in a ball clutch manner, and the power of the sprocket 43a is transmitted to the drive shaft 43 via the side clutch 44. The power of the side clutch 44 can be intermittently operated by operating a fork 45 interlocked with the steering clutch lever 46.

The axle 47 is supported on the same axis as the drive shaft 43. A planetary gear 48 is interposed between the inner end of the axle 47 and the outer end of the drive shaft 43, and transmits the reduced power of the drive shaft 43 to the axle 47. . Therefore, when transmitting the same power to the axle 47, the rotation speed of the drive shaft 43 can be maintained at a high speed via the planetary gear 48, and the torque generated on the drive shaft 43 can be reduced. Can be. As a result, the torque generated in the side clutch 44 can be reduced, and when the body is stopped using the brake mechanism 42, an excessive load is not applied to the side clutch 44. Further, the operation force of the side clutch 44 can be reduced.

Next, the main clutch lever 49 in this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The lower end of the main clutch lever 49 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the fulcrum shaft 50, and the clutch operation plate 51 is fitted on the fulcrum shaft 50.
An operation pin 51 is provided on a side surface of the other end of the clutch operation plate 51.
a is projected. A pivot shaft 5 is provided near the fulcrum shaft 50.
3, and a forward / reverse cam 54 is pivotally supported on the pivot 53. A pin sliding portion 54a contacting the operation pin 51a extends forwardly in an arc shape in a side view on the forward / reverse cam 54, and the pivot shaft is provided at a rear end of the pin sliding portion 54a. A base end 54b for pivotally supporting the 53 is formed, and a fastening pin 54c for fastening the clutch wire 55 is fixed below the base end 54b. The forward / reverse cam 54 is urged to rotate the pin sliding portion 54a upward, abuts on the operation pin 51a, and the rotation is restricted.

In this embodiment, the brake cam 56 is fitted on the fulcrum shaft 50 which is rotated by the main clutch lever 49, and the brake lever 57 is pivotally supported on the pivot shaft 53. The brake cam 56 is substantially fan-shaped in side view,
A groove 56a is cut out substantially at the center of the arc. A brake lever 57 is further externally fitted to the pivot 53 on which the forward / backward moving cam 54 is externally fitted. The brake lever 57 has a rectangular shape in a side view, and has an engagement pin 57a protruding laterally at one end and a brake fastening pin 57b protruding laterally at the other end. A brake wire 58 is fastened to the brake fastening pin 57b, and the other end of the brake wire 58 is fastened to an operating lever 59 of the brake mechanism 42. The operating lever 59 is urged by a spring 59a in a direction to actuate the brake, and urges the brake lever 57 via a brake wire 58 to rotate forward. With this urging force, the engagement pin 57a is
The brake cam 56 is positioned so as to be engaged with a, and the main clutch lever 49 is held at the neutral position in the front-rear shift at this position.

When the main clutch lever 49 is operated to move the body forward or backward, the brake cam 56 is turned integrally, and the engaging pin 57a is moved into the groove 56a.
Then, the brake lever 57 is pushed up on the arc of the brake cam 56 as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG.
And the operating lever 59 is rotated forward through the brake wire 58 so that the brake mechanism 42
Can be canceled. As described above, the brake operation and the forward / rearward operation can be performed using one main clutch lever 49, and the brake mechanism 42 can be operated by returning the main clutch lever 49 to the neutral position. Can be prevented from being forgotten.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an upper frame 8.8 is supported on the front end of the lower frame 7.7, and is disposed obliquely rearward and upward from the front end. The transmission support case 9 connecting the rear end of the lower frame 7 and the rear end of the lower frame 7 forms a substantially triangular frame in a side view. Further, the weeding frames 10, 10 project forward of the lower frames 7, 7 to constitute a working frame. A gauge wheel 11 is pivotally supported on the side of the weeding frame 10 via an arm so as to be able to change its vertical position, and is provided to be inclined so as to roll on the surface of the ridge.

A variety of devices are mounted on the work frame to constitute a harvesting work section B. The harvesting section B includes a weeding device 12, a scraping device 13, a subsoiler 14, a lifting and transferring device 15, and a cutting device 17. The weeding device 12, 12 is fixed to the front end of each weeding frame 10 in a front low, rearward and high direction, and projects a plurality of tines 12a, 12a. It is winding. The fixed weeding boards 12b, 12b are projected forward from the lower end of the weeding device 12, so that the foliage C1 of the headed vegetables C planted in the ridged field is vegetated.

The lifting and transferring device 15 comprises a leaf holding and transferring device 15a disposed at the front, rear and rear heights along the upper frame 8, and a neck and holding device 15b having a gentle inclination angle below the leaf holding and transferring device 15a. Have been. The leaf nipping and transferring device 15
a is obtained by winding the holding belts 19 around a group of wheels supported on the upper frame 8.8 to form left and right holding belts 19.
Between the opposing contact surfaces 19, the foliage portion C1 of the head vegetable C is sandwiched and transported obliquely upward. Similarly, the neck nip transfer device 15b is provided with a nip belt 20.2.
0 is wound around the head portion of the head vegetable C between the opposing contact surfaces of the left and right holding belts 20 and 20 to transport the head. A cutter 17 is provided on the upper part of the neck holding and transferring device 15b, and the foliage C1 is changed to a bulb (onion).
C2 side is cut to leave the required length, and the cut foliage C1 is continuously transferred by the leaf holding and transferring device 15a, and the bulb (onion) C2 side is necked and transferred by the neck 15b.
It is transported by.

In order to facilitate the transfer of the foliage C1 from the weeding device 12 to the leaf holding / transporting device 15a, the starting end of the leaf sandwiching / transporting device 15a has an eight-letter shape that expands forward in plan view. A scraping device 13 in which a pair of left and right scraping belts arranged in a shape are wound. Since the scraping device 13 is located behind the weeding device 12, it is possible to scrape the foliage C1 in a weeded form into the center in the left and right direction and to pass it to the leaf holding and transferring device 15a. A hoe-shaped subsoiler 14 is pivotally supported on both outer sides of the lower end of the upper frame 8 so as to be swingable. By inserting the lower end of the subsoiler 14 into the ground,
Can be excavated in the ground to dig a bulb part (onion) C2 after scraping the foliage part C1 of the head vegetable C.

Next, a description will be given of a structure for transmitting power to the leaf holding and transferring device 15a and the neck holding and transferring device 15b. A transmission shaft (not shown) is rotatably supported inside the transmission support case 9, and receives power from a PTO shaft 21 protruding forward from the transmission case 2 and is fixed to an upper end of the transmission shaft. The driving pulleys 22 are driven. The driving of the driving pulleys 22 drives the leaf nipping and transferring device 15a. As shown in FIG. 3, driven pulleys 23
, And rotates with the movement of the holding belt 19. A sprocket 24a is fixed to the upper end of the pivot 24 of the driven pulley 23. A support cylinder 25 is fixedly provided behind the driven pulley 23,
The support shaft 26 is pivotally supported inside. A sprocket 26a is fixed to the upper end of the support shaft 26, and the support shaft 26 is driven via a chain 27 wound around the sprocket 24a. Further, the chain 27 is wound around another sprocket, and power is transmitted to the weeder 12 via a shaft on which the sprocket is fixed.

The support cylinder 25 is bent in a "C" shape when viewed from the side, and a power is supplied to an interlocking shaft 28 which makes the shaft center substantially vertical through a bevel gear 29 fixed to the lower end of the support shaft 26. Is transmitted. An interlocking pulley 30 is fixed to the lower portion of the interlocking shaft 28, and the nipping belt 20 wound around the interlocking pulley 30 can be driven.
The head vegetables C can be transported backward at b.

Further, in the present invention, as shown in FIG.
3, the holding belt 2 is wound around the interlocking pulley 30 in a side view as shown in FIG.
0 and 20 are held by the holding belt 19 of the leaf holding and transferring device 15a.
It is arranged at the position where it wraps. The guide pulley 31 is disposed rearward inside the interlocking pulley 30 (a position where the guide pulley 31 does not wrap with the clamping belt 19), and the clamping belt 20 is interposed between the guide pulley 31 and a pulley 32 disposed at the rear. Has been wound.

As described above, the front end of the neck holding and transferring device 15b, which has conventionally clogged the bulb portion C2, is inserted into the holding belt 19 of the leaf holding and transferring device 15a. The bulb C2 passes through the lower surface. In addition, since the starting ends of the holding surfaces of the holding belts 20 of the neck holding and transferring device 15b are as close to the holding belt 19 as possible, there is no gap that passes through the small bulb portion C2.

Further, without using the guide pulley 31, the front end of the neck holding / transporting device 15b is connected to the leaf holding / transporting device 15b.
5 and 6, the stays 35, 35 project forward from the support cylinders 25, 25, and a shaft is attached to the front end of the stays 35, 35, as shown in FIGS. A configuration in which disks 36 having a core in the left-right direction may be provided. The disks 36 are pivotally supported by a rotatable one-way clutch that conveys the bulb portion C2 rearward, and the outer peripheral surface of the disk 36 is wound with an elastic material such as rubber. For this reason, when the head of the head vegetable C is pinched by the leaf pinching / transporting device 15a, the disc 36.
36, the bulb portion C2 is brought into contact with the
Can be delivered to the lower surface of the neck holding / transporting device 15b without being transported to the front end of the bulb. Further, 36 ′ shown in FIG. 7 in which the outer peripheral surface of the disc 36 is curved outward.
With such a configuration, the upper portion of the bulb portion C2 can be supported from both left and right sides, and the upper portion of the bulb portion C2 is not damaged.

A configuration in which an elastic body 20a having a substantially triangular cross section as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the holding belts 20 of the neck holding / transporting device 15b as shown in FIGS. The contact surfaces of the left and right sandwiching belts 20 are the tops of the upper elastic body 20a, and can be transported so as to wrap around the upper part of the bulb part C2 as shown in FIG. 9 and eliminate the clogging part of the bulb part C2. Becomes

[0022]

As described above, the present invention has the following advantages. According to the first, second and third aspects of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently transfer the head vegetables to the neck holding and transferring device from the leaf holding and transferring device regardless of the position where the foliage of the head and vegetables are held. Became. In addition, even if the bulb portion is small, the bulb portion is held by the neck holding and transferring device, so that there is no possibility that the bulb portion is transported and discharged by the leaf holding and transferring device.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a harvester for harvesting a bulbous vegetable having bulbs.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the harvester.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing an arrangement configuration of a front end portion of the neck holding transfer device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an arrangement configuration of the neck holding transfer device.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a configuration in which a disk is disposed in front of the neck holding and transferring device.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a configuration in which a disk is provided.

FIG. 7 is a front sectional view in which the shape of the disk is changed.

FIG. 8 is a side view and a partial cross-sectional view of a holding belt having a triangular elastic body fixed to an outer periphery.

FIG. 9 is a front sectional view of a holding belt to which a triangular elastic body is fixed.

FIG. 10 is a side view of a main clutch lever that enables operation of a brake mechanism.

FIG. 11 is a skeleton diagram showing a power transmission configuration inside the final case.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List A head vegetable harvester C2 bulb 15 lifting transfer device 15a leaf holding transfer device 15b neck holding transfer device 19 holding belt 20 holding belt 20a elastic body 23 driven pulley 30 linked pulley

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Yukihiro Fukuda 428 Enami, Okayama-shi In-house (72) Inventor Nobuyuki Irie 428 Enami, Okayama-shi In-house

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A traveling machine having traveling wheels disposed on the left and right sides and a steering handle disposed on a rear portion, elastically grips a foliage of a head vegetable planted in a field, lifts the foliage, and suspends the foliage portion upward and rearward. A leaf nipping / transporting device to be conveyed, and a nipping start end located below the nipping starting end of the leaf nipping / transporting device below the leaf nipping / transporting device. Neck holding and transferring device that arranges so as to be separated from the unit holding and transferring device, and that aligns the height of the bulb portion of the headed vegetables while holding and transporting the foliage of the headed vegetables that are suspended and conveyed from the left and right, and And a cutter that acts on the foliage of the headed vegetables whose height is aligned by the neck holding / transporting device, and is inserted into the ground below the bulbs of the headed vegetables in the field and forced by a driving force. To the bottom of the bulb of the bulbous vegetable The Sabusoira excavating, heading toppers, characterized in that disposed in the vicinity beginning of the leaf clamping transfer device. 2. The leaf-holding / transporting device has an opposing contact surface portion for holding the foliage of a head vegetable having elasticity, and elastically grips and raises the foliage to carry the foliage suspended upward and rearward. The head cropping and transporting device is configured such that the neck contacting and transporting device has an elastic force at an opposing contact surface portion that clamps the foliage portion of the bulbous vegetable. 3. A fixed weeding plate for weeding and shaping the foliage of a headed vegetable planted in a field is provided in front of the leaf nipping and transferring apparatus. 2. The head vegetable harvester according to 2.