JP2004267163A - White welsh onion harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a low-cost working machine for harvesting long root vegetables such as white Welsh onion by continuously performing a series of harvesting operations from the digging to the transportation to reduce the load on the worker and improve the work efficiency in contrast to a large-sized expensive machine difficult to use by ordinary farmers owing to its high cost. <P>SOLUTION: The harvester 1 is provided with subsoilers 59L, 59R thrust into a ridge 6 at least from right or left side, a drawing and transportation device 8 to clamp and draw the stem of a white Welsh onion 5 planted in a row on the ridge, and a vertical position regulating mechanism to vary the vertical position of the transport starting end of the drawing and transportation apparatus 8. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a harvesting work machine for harvesting white leek planted in a row.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, with regard to the work of harvesting white onion, it has been performed to dig up the side portion of the white onion using a working machine, and then to manually collect it.
In view of this situation, a working machine that continuously performs a series of harvesting operations from digging to transporting while reducing the burden on the worker and improving the workability has been known. For example, this is a technique disclosed in Patent Document 1.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-9-84422
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The harvesting machine disclosed in Patent Literature 1 is a large and expensive machine, and is disadvantageous in cost for use by general farmers.
Therefore, the present invention provides a working machine for harvesting white leek with an inexpensive configuration.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, means for solving the problem will be described.
That is, in claim 1,
[0006]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a side view showing the overall configuration of the harvester 1, FIG. 2 is a front view showing the overall configuration of the harvester 1, FIG. 3 is a side view showing a main part of the working system, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the removing device 11.
[0007]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a white leek harvester 1 (hereinafter, referred to as a harvester) according to the present embodiment mounts an engine 3 on a body frame 2 to which rear wheels 7, 7 are attached on the left and right, respectively. A steering handle 4 is provided at the rear.
Then, a walking-type harvesting machine is configured.
[0008]
The white leek 5 is planted in a ditch formed in a field in a seedling state, and performs mulching several times as it grows to form a high ridge 6. Then, at the time of harvesting, the position of the root of the white leek 5 is a position higher than the ground of the valley between the ridges.
In this way, the white leek 5 at the time of harvest is planted in a row formed in a field.
[0009]
The harvesting machine 1 is provided with a pulling and conveying device 8 that pinches and pulls out the stem 5a of the white onion 5 and conveys it upward. Here, in order to ensure that the white leek 5 is pulled out by the pulling and conveying device 8, a vibrating device 14 is provided in front of the pulling and conveying device 8 as means for loosening the soil around the root of the white leek 5. . In addition, a guide device 9 is provided in front of the pulling and conveying device 8 in order to reliably guide the white leek 5 to the pulling and conveying device 8.
In addition, a collection box 16 for storing a fixed amount of the extracted white leek 5 is provided at the rear of the drawing and conveying device 8 in order to efficiently perform the continuous operation of harvesting the white leek 5. In the collection box 16, a cloth or the like is laid so as not to damage the white leek 5 supplied from the pulling and conveying device 8.
Further, a soil removing device 11 is provided for removing soil attached to the root 5b of the white leek 5.
Hereinafter, the body frame 2 and each device will be described.
[0010]
The configuration of the body frame 2 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, the body frame 2 of the harvester 1 includes a gate frame 12 provided at the front of the body, a transmission case 52, and support frames 41, 41... Connecting the gate frame 12 and the transmission case 52.・ It consists of.
The gate frame 12 is configured in a truss-like shape in a side view, and includes an inverted U-shaped front frame 12a and rear frames 12b and 12b arranged on the left and right, and each rear frame 12b includes a front frame. 12a and the upper and lower support frames 41. The front frame 12a supports the guide device 9, and the rear frame 12b is fixedly provided with a support plate 12c for supporting the support shafts 60 of the vibration device 14.
[0011]
The guidance device 9 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the guide device 9 is a device for projecting a pair of right and left prisms (weeding boards) 13 from the gate frame 12 forward. The gate frame 12 forms a part of the body frame 2.
The horns 13 are provided so as to expand in the front direction, and reliably guide the white leek 5 to be harvested to the pulling and conveying device 8.
[0012]
The drawing and conveying device 8 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the pull-out conveyance device 8 is a device in which a pair of elastic belts 15 </ b> L and 15 </ b> R are pressed against each other and brought into contact with each other on the left and right sides, and are arranged so as to be inclined so as to have a front low, rear high. You.
The left elastic belt 15L is wound around a driving pulley 17L at the rear end and a driven pulley 30L at the front end. The right drive belt 15R is also wound around the drive pulley 17R and the driven pulley 30R, and has the same configuration. The direction of feeding by the elastic belts 15L and 15R is rearward and upward. Then, the white leek 5 sandwiched at the front end of the pulling and conveying device 8 is conveyed rearward and upward in that posture.
In addition, the front end of the pulling and conveying device 8 is arranged close to the ridge 6, so that the blue portion (the portion protruding from the ridge 6) of the stem 5a of the white leek 5 to be harvested can be clamped by the pulling and conveying device 8. I have to. The white portion of the stem 5a is a portion related to commercial value, and it is not preferable that the elastic belts 15R and 15L come into contact with this portion.
Also, by attaching a soft material such as sponge to the outer peripheral surface of the elastic belts 15L and 15R, or by forming the surface itself of the elastic belts 15L and 15R with a soft material, the stem 5a held by the pull-out and transfer device 8 can be formed. I try not to hurt. Further, the elastic belts 15L and 15R have a two-stage structure in which the upper part is made of a relatively hard elastic member and strongly sandwiches the blue portion so as not to damage the blue part, and the lower part is made of a sponge made of a flexible member. It is configured to be held so as not to shift. The upper and lower elastic belts may be integrally formed or may be separately formed in the upper and lower parts.
[0013]
The main frames 47, 47 of the driving devices for the elastic belts 15L, 15R are connected by connecting rods 48, 48 at the front and rear, so that the left and right elastic belts 15L, 15R do not shift in position. I have. The connecting rod 48 is formed in an inverted U-shape and does not hinder the white onion 5 conveyed by the pull-out conveying device 8.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, depending on the arrangement of each device of the harvester 1, the white leek 5 transported by the pull-out transport device 8 can pass between the support cylinders 42, and The transmission case 52 and the working unit transmission case 55 do not come into contact with the rear of the cylinder 42. Then, in the harvest of the white leek 5, there is no obstacle in the transport operation.
[0014]
A vertical position adjusting mechanism that makes the vertical position of the transport start end of the pull-out transport device 8 variable will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the drawing and conveying device 8 is supported by the support cylinder 42 and the support frame 43 on each of the left and right sides, and has a truss shape in a side view. The support cylinders 42 are provided coaxially with the drive pulleys 17L and 17R on the left and right, respectively, and the drive shaft 32 is provided in each support cylinder 42.
A pull-out transport support case 44 is fixed to the lower end of each support cylinder 42, and a working unit drive shaft 45 extending in the left-right direction is inserted into the pull-out transport support case 44. The left and right pull-out transport support cases 44 are rotatable with respect to the working unit drive shaft 45. Here, since the pull-out transport device 8 is configured to be supported by the support tube 42 and the support frame 43 fixed to the pull-out transport support case 44, the working unit drive shaft 45 is pivotally supported by the pull-out transport device 8. It has become.
In addition, the working unit drive shaft 45 functions not only as a rotation fulcrum shaft in the vertical rotation of the pull-out transport device 8 but also as a power transmission shaft to the pull-out transport device 8 as described later in detail.
[0015]
Further, an electric cylinder 62 is provided as a driving means for vertically rotating the pull-out and transfer device 8.
An electric cylinder 62 or a damper 63 is provided between the support cylinder 42 and the transmission case 52 on the left and right sides of the body. On one side, the support cylinder 42 and the transmission case 52 are connected by the electric cylinder 62, and on the other side, the support cylinder 42 and the transmission case 52 are connected by the damper 63.
By driving the electric cylinder 62, the pull-out conveyance device 8 can be turned up and down around the working unit drive shaft 45.
[0016]
With the above configuration, the vertical position of the transport start end of the pull-out transport device 8 is variable. By making the vertical position of the transport start end variable, it is possible to adjust the vertical position of the holding position of the white leek 5 harvested by the pull-out transport device 8. Then, it is possible to cope with a change in the holding position due to the type of white leek.
The means for changing the vertical position of the transport start end of the pull-out transport device 8 is not limited to a configuration using a driving means such as the electric cylinder 62. For example, the pull-out and transfer device 8 and the machine body frame 2 are configured to be fixed by bolting, and the bolt is inserted through the pull-out and transfer device 8 or the machine body frame 2 and an arc-shaped long hole centered on the working unit drive shaft 45. May be formed so that the vertical position of the transport start end is variable.
[0017]
The collection box 16 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the collection box 16 is provided on one side (the left side in the present embodiment) of the body 2 from the rear end position of the pull-out and conveyance device 8 to the rear. The collecting box 16 is formed of a box or a plate having a length substantially equal to the length of the white onion 5, has an opening at an upper portion, and has a required volume.
Here, the white leek 5 conveyed by the pull-out conveyance device 8 needs to be properly dropped into the collection box 16. Therefore, a star wheel 18 having a larger diameter than the drive pulley 17L is attached to the lower side of the drive pulley 17L for driving the left elastic belt 15L, and the star wheel 18 is bent from the right elastic belt 15 to the collection box 16 side. Guide rods 19 are provided to guide the white leek 5 to the collection box 16.
[0018]
The vibration device 14 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the harvesting machine 1 is provided with a vibration device 14 that vibrates the soil around the root 5 b when the white leek 5 is pulled out by the pulling and conveying device 8 to facilitate the pulling. Have been.
In the present embodiment, the vibration device 14 includes a pair of left and right subsoilers 59L and 59R protruding into the root of the ridge 6. Each of the subsoilers 59L and 59R has a “U” shape in which the lower portion is bent inward (toward the white leek 5) when viewed from the front, and the front ends (lower ends) of the subsoilers 59L and 59R are It protrudes to the vicinity of the root 5b of the white leek 5. In addition, the shape of the subsoilers 59L and 59R may be an "L" shape by further bending the "ku" shape.
The drive mechanism of the subsoilers 59L and 59R supports the central portions of the subsoilers 59L and 59R on the body frame 2 with support shafts 60 and 60, and the upper ends of the subsoilers 59L and 59R are connected by a link 61 using a crank mechanism. Has been configured. The link 61 is driven by power from a working unit transmission case 55 described later. Then, the sub-soilers 59L and 59R swing back and forth around the support shafts 60 and 60 to loosen the soil and lift the root portion, thereby facilitating the pulling out of the leek 5 by the pulling-out conveyance device 8.
[0019]
In addition, since the white leek has a lot of soil on its side, the resistance at the time of pulling out is larger than that of other vegetables. Therefore, the earth protection plates 34L and 34R are arranged behind the side subsoilers 59L and 59R. You can also. In this case, the soil barriers 34L and 34R are configured like a cultivation board, and remove the soil on the side of the root portion toward the groove between the ridges as the soil advances. The soil barriers 34L and 34R are arranged below the front ends of the elastic belts 15L and 15R to remove soil immediately before being pulled up. The soil stays are attached to the subsoilers 59L and 59R by mounting stays so that the left and right and vertical positions can be adjusted. The width and height of the ridges and the location of white leek are set. Further, since the soil blocking plates 34L and 34R can remove the soil softened by the subsoilers 59L and 59R, they can be easily moved without requiring a large force. Note that the mounting configuration of the earth blocking plates 34L and 34R is not limited, and bolts may be used, or pipes may be provided so as to be vertically slidable. Further, it can be attached to a support frame extending from the main body.
[0020]
The soil removing device 11 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the soil removing device 11 is provided below the pull-out transporting device 8 and removes soil attached to the root 5b during transport. The soil attached to the root 5b must be dropped after harvesting, so that it is treated during harvesting.
The soil removing device 11 is composed of a pair of left and right soil breaking devices 21. The crushers 11 are provided below the left and right elastic belts 15L and 15R, respectively, and are disposed to face left and right. The landslide device 21 has a protruding tooth 25 such as a toothing of a handling drum of a threshing machine which is inserted into a trajectory of each other, attached to an outer periphery of a drum 24 attached to a rotating drive shaft 23. The protruding teeth 25 are rotated in a direction to feed the white onion 5 backward.
[0021]
According to the above configuration, the lower part and the root 5b of the white onion 5 being transported first touch the protruding teeth 25, and the soil is broken down by this. It also plays the role of unraveling the entanglement of the roots 5b of 5.
[0022]
A mechanism for adjusting the working height of the pulling and conveying device 8 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a gauge wheel 48 is provided at a front portion of the body frame 2 so as to protrude to one side of the frame 2. The gauge wheel 48 is provided on one side on the left and right sides of the ridge 6 on the front side of the rear wheels 7. The gauge wheel 48 adjusts the height of the body frame 2, and particularly determines the working height of the raising and conveying device 8.
In the present embodiment, the height of the gauge wheel 48 is adjusted by mounting the mounting shaft 50 having a screw mechanism (not shown) in the support cylinder 49 and operating the handle 51 provided at the upper end of the mounting shaft 50. Do it. The handle 51 is provided so as not to hinder the transfer of the stem 5 a from the pull-out and transfer device 8 to the collection box 16.
[0023]
The tread adjustment mechanism will be described.
Since the ridge width may vary depending on the region or the type of white leek, one of the rear wheels 7 (in the present embodiment, the left side as viewed from the traveling direction) can be moved forward and backward to cope with tread adjustment. are doing.
Specifically, the drive cylinder 56 that connects the transmission case 52 and the chain case 53 has a built-in drive structure that can be expanded and contracted by a spline or the like. In addition, a telescoping mechanism 57 such as a telescoping cylinder is provided between the body frame 2 and the chain case 53, and the telescoping mechanism 57 is operated to allow the rear wheel 7 to move sideways. Of course, this operation is also configured by remote control using an appropriate operation tool (not shown) provided on the handle 4.
It is assumed that the gauge wheel 48 is disposed on the same side as the rear wheel 7 on the side where the lateral movement is not possible.
[0024]
The drive transmission configuration from the engine 3 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, a transmission case 52 is attached to the engine 3, and the driving force of the engine 3 is reduced or shifted in the transmission case 52 to be transmitted to the rear wheels 7, 7 and the above-described respective devices. I do. To briefly explain the power distribution, power transmission is performed by a drive shaft or gear (bevel gear), a chain, a sprocket, a belt, or a pulley.
That is, the power shifted by the transmission case 52 is distributed to the traveling system and the working system, and the respective devices of the working system such as the pull-out conveyance device 8 are driven in conjunction with the traveling of the harvester 1. It has become something.
[0025]
The traveling system is transmitted from the transmission case 52 to the axle 54 via the chain case 53.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the chain case 53 is interposed between the transmission case 52 and the rear wheel 7 on the left and right sides of the body, and has a drive transmitting means such as a chain therein. .
[0026]
On the other hand, in the working system, as shown in FIG. 3, first, power is transmitted from the transmission case 52 to the transmission unit transmission case 55 attached to the upper front of the transmission case 52 by the transmission output shaft 64. Then, power is transmitted from the work output shaft 64 to the work unit drive shaft 45 using the engagement of the bevel gear inside the work unit transmission case 55.
[0027]
The drive configuration of the pulling and conveying device 8 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, on the left and right of the working unit transmission case 55, on the same axis as the working unit drive shaft 45, from the inside to the outside, respectively, from the inside to the outside, a landslide drive case 65 and a pull-out transport support case. 44 are arranged.
Power is transmitted from the working unit drive shaft 45 to the drive shafts 32 inserted into the left and right support cylinders 42 using the engagement of the bevel gears inside the pull-out transport support case 44. Drive pulleys 17L and 17R are fixed to the drive shafts 32 and 32, respectively. Then, the pair of elastic belts 15L and 15R provided in the pull-out and transport device 8 are driven.
[0028]
The driving configuration of the soil removal device 11 (the landslide device 21) will be described.
Further, inside the landslide drive case 65, power is transmitted from the working unit drive shaft 45 to the landslide drive shaft 66 that transmits power to the landslide device 21 using meshing of bevel gears. The landslide drive shaft 66 is inserted into a landslide support cylinder 67 fixed to the landslide drive case 65 and the support frame 41 (shown in FIG. 1). Then, the power of the landslide drive shaft 66 is transmitted to the drive shaft 23 of the landslide device 21 by using meshing of a bevel gear, and the landslide device 21 is driven.
[0029]
The drive configuration of the vibration device 14 (subsoilers 59L and 59R) will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the rear ends of the left and right links 61 are connected to both ends of the working unit drive shaft 45. The subsoilers 59L and 59R are driven on the left and right sides by the operation of the link 61 using the crank mechanism.
[0030]
As described above, the harvester 1 includes the subsoilers 59L and 59R that protrude into the ridge from at least one of the left and right sides, a pulling and conveying device 8 that pinches and pulls out the stem of the white leek 5 that is planted in the ridge, and a pulling and conveying device. And a vertical position adjusting mechanism for making the vertical position of the transport start end portion 8 variable.
In the present embodiment, the pull-out conveyance device 8 is vertically rotatable around the working unit drive shaft 45 and is also vertically rotatable by the electric cylinder 62. It is variable.
[0031]
For this reason, a harvester that automatically performs a harvesting operation of white leek can be configured at low cost.
In the above description, the body structure is not limited to the walking type. In addition, the traveling device may be of a crawler type.
[0032]
In particular, when the harvesting machine 1 is a walking-type work machine, the configuration can be further reduced.
Further, in the case of a ridge formed of sandy soil, the harvesting machine 1 can harvest white leek even if the vibration device 14 (subsoilers 59L and 59R) is not provided.
[0033]
In the above, a soft material is provided on the outer peripheral surfaces of the pair of left and right elastic belts 15L and 15R provided in the pull-out conveyance device 8.
Here, as a configuration in which the soft material is provided, even when a soft material such as a sponge is stuck on the outer peripheral surfaces of the elastic belts 15L and 15R, a configuration in which the surfaces themselves of the elastic belts 15L and 15R are made of a soft material. It may be.
[0034]
For this reason, the stem 5a of the white leek 5 sandwiched by the drawing and conveying device 8 is not damaged, and does not impair the commercial value.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
As set forth in claim 1, a subsoiler device protruding into the ridge from at least one of the left and right sides, a pulling and conveying device for pinching and pulling out white leek stalks planted in the ridge, and a conveying start end of the drawing and conveying device. Since it has a vertical position adjustment mechanism that makes the vertical position variable,
A harvester for automatically harvesting white leek can be configured at low cost.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing an overall configuration of a harvester 1. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a front view showing the entire configuration of the harvester 1.
FIG. 3 is a side view showing a main part of a working system.
FIG. 4 is a plan view of a main part of a rear part of the harvester 1 showing a drive transmission configuration.
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the soil removing device 11;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Harvester 5 White leek 6 Row 8 Pull-out conveyance apparatus 14 Vibration apparatus 15L / 15R Elastic belt 45 Working part drive shaft 62 Electric cylinder

Claims (1)

A subsoiler device that protrudes into the ridge from at least one side, a pull-out transport device that sandwiches and pulls out the stalks of white leek planted in the ridge, and an up-down position that makes the vertical position of the transport start end of the pull-out transport device variable A leek harvester, comprising: a position adjusting mechanism.

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