JP2005102706A - Harvester for pulling out bean - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a harvester harvesting by a simple and sure method comprising grasping and pulling out the stems of beans such as unmatured soybean. <P>SOLUTION: This harvester for pulling out beans comprises a dividing device 9 for separating stems 5a of beans 5 planted on a ridge 5c like a row into stems 5a to be harvested in travel of the machine body and stems 5a not to be harvested and a pulling and carrying device 8 carrying upward rear the former stems as it is with roots 5c, and has, under the pulling carrying device 8, a soil removing device 11 for removing soil adhering to the lower part of the stems 5a and the roots 5c in carrying by the pulling carrying device 8. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a bean pulling and harvesting machine that pulls and harvests beans such as edamame while attached to a stem.

There is a type of bean harvester that tears off the pods of edamame while leaving the stem on the ground.
Also known is a structure in which the beans are harvested with beans attached to the stem.
According to such a harvesting method, since the entire stem or the stem under the ground is left in the field, it becomes a continuous cropping obstacle. Therefore, a post-work to remove this is necessary.
If the stem is pulled out by human power, it will require considerable force (30-40Kg) and it will be a heavy labor, and even if it is dug up by a cultivator or the like, it will need to be picked up later. (For example, it is patent document 1.)
JP-A-5-103526

For this reason, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-078620 discloses a type in which a stem with beans attached thereto is sandwiched and pulled out from the ground by a chain that rotates counterclockwise.
In the preceding example, the stem pulled out by the chain is sandwiched again by a belt that is arranged behind it and also rotates in the opposite direction. It takes the form of conveying. Therefore, there is a risk of mistakes occurring when handing over the chain to the belt or changing the posture, and the structure becomes complicated and expensive.
In the present invention, the bottom of the stem and the root (hereinafter simply referred to as the root) that are forcibly pulled out by the pulling and transporting device so that the stem is pulled out and transported backward in its posture are attached with soil, This soil must be removed later to ensure work reliability and simplify the structure.

  Under the above-mentioned problems, as described in claim 1, the first aspect of the present invention is a stem 5a for harvesting the stem 5a of the beans 5 planted in the cocoon 5c with the progress of the aircraft and a stem 5a that is not so. And a pulling / conveying device 8 that conveys the root 5c together with the root 5c in the posture, and is being conveyed by the pulling / conveying device 8 below the pulling / conveying device 8. A bean drawing and harvesting machine provided with a soil removing device 11 for removing soil attached to the lower part of the stem 5a and the root 5c.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, as described in claim 2, the pulling and conveying apparatus 8 for conveying the stem 5a of the beans 5 planted in the cocoon 5c to the rear upper side together with the root 5c in the posture as the aircraft advances. And a soil removing device 11 for removing soil attached to the lower part of the stem 5a and the root 5c being transported by the pulling and transporting device 8 is provided below the pulling and transporting device 8. It is a bean pulling and harvesting machine.

As described above, according to the legume harvesting according to the first aspect of the present invention, the stem 5a for harvesting the stem 5a of the legume 5 planted on the cocoon 5c is divided into the stem 5a that is not harvested and the stem 5a that is not so. The stalk 5a is provided with a dividing device 9 and is composed of a pulling / conveying device 8 that conveys the root 5c together with the posture in the rear direction, and below the pulling / conveying device 8, the stem 5a being conveyed by the pulling / conveying device 8 Since it is a bean extraction harvesting machine that is equipped with a soil removal device 11 that removes soil attached to the lower part and the root 5c, each stem without leaving its stem or root in the ground It can be extracted and harvested.
In this case, according to the harvesting machine according to the present invention, since the stalk is pulled out and transported while being kept in the standing posture by the pulling and conveying device, the pulling is reliable and the structure is simplified and inexpensive. Can be produced at a price. In addition, soil is attached to the lower part and root of the stem that is forcibly pulled out by the pulling and conveying device, and this soil must be removed later.
Therefore, a soil removal device is provided, and above all, this soil removal device is composed of a soil collapse device that breaks down the soil and a soil removal device that wipes off the soil, and the soil collapse device is arranged around the vertical axis. It is a pair of rotating arrangements facing each other, and soil can be removed efficiently and automatically at the time of harvest.

According to the legume harvesting according to the second aspect of the present invention, the pulling conveyance for conveying the stem 5a of the legume 5 planted in the cocoon 5c to the rear upper side together with the root 5c in the posture as the machine body advances. And a soil removing device 11 for removing soil attached to the lower part of the stem 5a and the root 5c being transported by the pulling and transporting device 8 below the pulling and transporting device 8. Since it is a bean extraction harvesting machine, soil is attached to the lower part and root of the stalk that has been forcibly extracted by the extraction conveying device, and this soil must be removed later.
Therefore, a soil removal device is provided, and above all, this soil removal device is composed of a soil collapse device that breaks down the soil and a soil removal device that wipes off the soil, and the soil collapse device is arranged around the vertical axis. It is a pair of rotating arrangements facing each other, and soil can be removed efficiently and automatically at the time of harvest.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of a bean pulling and harvesting machine showing an example of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view. In this example, the bean pulling and harvesting machine (hereinafter referred to as a harvesting machine) An engine 3 is mounted on the traveling vehicle body 2, and a walking type work machine is provided in which a steering handle 4 is provided at the rear. However, the traveling device may be a crawler, and the body structure may be a riding type on which an operator rides.

The legumes 5 are formed in the field by forming a basket 6 and are continuously planted. In order to continuously harvest these, the scraping device 7 that picks up the stem 5 a while scraping the stem 5 a, and the scraping device 7. It is necessary to be equipped with a drawing / conveying device 8 that pulls out and conveys the stalk 5a scraped.
Although it seems that only the drawing / conveying device 8 may be used, the stem 5a of the legumes 5 may lie down on the ground and spread laterally.
However, in order to perform the extraction more reliably, it is preferable that the dividing device 9 is provided in front of the scraping device 7, and in order to perform efficient continuous work, the stem 5a pulled out behind the extraction conveying device 8 is used. Suitably, a collection device 10 is provided for storing a certain amount of water. Furthermore, in order to drop the soil attached to the root 5c, it is better to have the soil removing device 11.

The harvesting machine of this example is provided with all the above-mentioned devices, and each device will be described below with reference to FIGS.
[About splitter]
First, the dividing device 9 has two square bodies 13 projecting forward from a gate body 12 also serving as a front weight provided in front of the self-propelled vehicle body 2. The square body 13 divides the stem 5a to be harvested from the stem 5a that is not harvested, and makes it easy to be scraped by the subsequent scraping device 7, like a binder or combine divider.

[Scratching device]
The scraping device 7 is provided on the rear lower side of the gate body 12, and is provided with a pair of protruding claws 14 that are opposed to each other on the opposite side, and the stem 5a is connected to the protruding claws. 14 is scraped into the facing surface. This scraping device 7 handles only the stalk 5a to be harvested upward, and ensures clamping by the subsequent drawing / conveying device 8.

[About pulling and conveying equipment]
The drawing / conveying device 8 is provided on the lower rear side of the scavenging device 7, and is formed by pressing and contacting a pair of elastic belts 15 whose opposing sides are rotated in a plane rearward and upward. The stalk 5a scraped in is clamped and pulled out, and the stalk 5a is transported rearward and upward in that posture.
For this reason, the starting end of the drawing / conveying device 8 is lowered to the level of the eaves 6 (the ground surface) just like the scraping device 7.
The surface of the elastic belt 15 is preferably made of a soft sponge or the like so as not to damage the sheath 5b attached to the stem 5a sandwiched.

[About the collector]
The collection device 10 is provided on one side of the self-propelled vehicle body 2 from the end position of the pulling and conveying device 8 to the rear (left side when viewed from the rear in the traveling direction) and has a collection box 16.
The collection box 16 is configured by a box or a plate having a required volume with an upper portion having a length substantially equal to the length of the stem 5a and having an open top.
By the way, since the stalk 5a conveyed by the drawing / conveying device 8 needs to fall well into the collection box 16, among the upper pulleys 17 on which the elastic belt 15 of the drawing / conveying device 8 is stretched, A star wheel 18 having a larger diameter than that of the pulley 17 is attached to the lower side of the pulley 17 and a guide rod 19 that is curved from the other elastic belt 15 side to the collection box 16 side is provided. 16 leads to.

When the stem 5a accumulates in the collection box 16, it is discharged to the ground.
This release may be done manually while the operator or assistant moves or stops the harvester, but allows the collection box 16 to pivot downward about its horizontal mounting shaft 20, If the accumulated amount becomes constant, it can be continuously operated by rotating it automatically or manually and releasing it.
In addition, since this rotation structure can employ | adopt the discharge | release structure of the focusing apparatus in a binder etc. as it is, detailed description here is abbreviate | omitted. The stems 5a that have been collected in a lump by being collected in a certain amount in this way will be collected later.

[About soil removal equipment]
The soil removing device 11 is provided below the pulling and conveying device 8 and removes the soil attached to the root 5c being conveyed.
Since the soil attached to the root 5c must be removed after picking up, it is assumed that the soil is being harvested.
The soil removal device 11 of this example is composed of a landslide device 21 and a landslide device 22.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a side view of the central portion of the self-propelled vehicle body 2 provided with the soil removing device 11, and FIG. 4 are plan views of the central portion of the self-propelled vehicle body 2 provided with the soil removing device 11. Among them, the landslide device 21 is like a tooth handling of a barrel of a threshing machine that enters the outer circumference of a drum 24 attached to a rotating vertical axis 23 that is opposed to the left and right and that is in the trajectory of each other. The projection teeth 25 are attached.
The protruding teeth 25 are usually rotated in the direction of feeding the stem 5a backward.

[About earthmoving equipment]
On the other hand, the earth dropping device 22 is provided behind the earth breaking device 21, and several pins 27 are suspended from a horizontally rotating disk 26 and a freely rotating earthing plate 28 is provided on the pins 27. It is composed of an attached one and a base plate 29 such as a rubber plate extending in the front-rear direction on either the left or right side of the earthing plate 28 (28a is a rotation of the earthing plate 28). Stopper that determines the range of motion).
In this case, the base plate 29 is set within a working range of the earthing plate 28 or at a position slightly apart. Further, the disk 26 is also rotated in the direction of feeding the stem 5a backward.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing another example of the earth dropping device 22, but in this example, the center axis of the disk 26 is tilted so as to be perpendicular to the extending direction of the elastic belt 15 of the drawing and conveying device 8. Is.
By doing so, the working length of the earth hitting plate 28 becomes longer, and the soil dropping effect can be further enhanced. FIG. 6 is also a side view showing another example of the earth dropping device 22, but in this example, the projecting teeth 25 of the earth breaking device 21 are used instead of the disk 26 and the earth hitting plate 28. The common use of members can be achieved, which can contribute to cost reduction.

  As described above, the lower part and the root 5c of the stem 5a being conveyed first touch the protruding teeth 25, so that the soil is destroyed and most of them are knocked down. Next, the stem 5a and the root 5c come into contact with the earth-striking plate 28, and the remaining soil is struck down by the action of the earth-striking plate 28 and the root pad 29. At this time, the stem 5a and the root 5c are soiled. Since it comes to be sandwiched between the hitting plate 28 and the root pad 29, the earthfall is complete.

By the way, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the vertical axis 23 and the disk 26 are both forcibly rotated, and work system power out of the power of the engine 3 is used for this purpose. This working system power is transmitted to the upper pulley 17 of the drawing / conveying device 8 to drive the elastic belt 15, but the power transmitted to the pulley shaft 31 of the lower pulley 30 is provided in the middle of the drawing / conveying device 8. The power transmitted to the intermediate transmission shaft 32 by the chain / sprocket mechanism 33 and transmitted to the intermediate transmission shaft 32 is transmitted to the upper pulley 35 of the scraping device 7 by the universal joint mechanism 34 to drive it. ing.
Therefore, a housing 37 that accommodates the drive shaft 36 that is power-coupled to the chain / sprocket mechanism 33 is fixed to the self-propelled vehicle body 2 with a bracket 46 or the like, and the lower end of the housing 37 is lowered vertically so that the vertical axis 23 is attached to this portion. The drive shaft 36 and the longitudinal axis 23 are connected by a bevel gear mechanism 38.

  On the other hand, the power transmission to the disk 26 of the earth dropping device 22 is performed by attaching a housing 39 protruding from the disk 26 to a mounting body 40 provided below the pulling / conveying device 8, and being accommodated in the housing 39. A lateral drive shaft 41 connected by a bevel gear mechanism (not shown) is driven by working system power via a universal joint mechanism 42. In this case, a long hole 43 is formed in the front and rear of the mounting body 40, and the housing 39 can move up and down (front and rear) in the long hole 43.

  Therefore, if the wire 44 or the like is connected to the housing 39 and the other end of the wire 44 is extended to the knob 45 (shown in FIGS. 1 and 7) provided on the handle 4 side, the position of the knob 45 can be adjusted back and forth. Thus, the front and rear positions of the earth dropping device 22 can be adjusted, and a more complete earth falling is possible. Further, the root plate 29 is fixed from the self-propelled vehicle body 2 via a bracket 47. Note that the center of the left and right protruding teeth 25 is set in the conveyance line L of the stem 5a, but the set of the earthing plate 28 and the root pad 29 is offset from the line L by a predetermined distance to the left and right.

In addition, although the gate body 12 described above also serves as a front weight, since it is necessary to pass through the pulled stem 5a, its shape is an inverted U-shape as viewed from the front as shown in FIG. Yes. This gate body 12 is for correcting that the front part becomes too light and difficult to control due to the aircraft layout.
The basic form of this harvesting machine depends on the onion harvesting machine, and this gate body 12 is attached in place of the vertical rotation raising device provided in the harvesting machine. In this way, the self-propelled vehicle body 2 is shared, and the production cost is suppressed.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a gauge wheel 48 is provided at the front portion of the self-propelled vehicle body 2 so as to protrude to one side of the self-propelled vehicle body 2. This gauge wheel 48 is provided so that it may step on the same runway as the wheel 1 of the wheel 1 of the side 1 which cannot be moved forward / backward later. Since the gauge wheel 48 adjusts the height of the self-propelled vehicle body 2 to determine the working height of the scraping device 7 and the pulling and conveying device 8 in particular, the height of the gauge wheel 48 must be adjustable.
The height adjustment of the gauge wheel 48 in this example is performed by operating a handle 51 provided at the upper end of the mounting shaft 50, which has a mounting mechanism 50 (not shown) having a screw mechanism in the support cylinder 49. The handle 51 is provided so as not to prevent the stem 5a from being transferred from the drawing / conveying device 8 to the collecting device 10.

The engine 3 is provided with a mission case 52, and the driving force of the engine 3 is decelerated or shifted within the mission case 52 and transmitted to the wheel 1 and each of the devices described above. Outline of this power distribution is that power is transmitted by a drive shaft, a gear (bevel gear), a chain, a sprocket, a belt, or a pulley. From the final case 53 to the axle 54.
On the other hand, the work system is transmitted to the mission case 52 → submission case 55, and as described above, a part of the pulling / conveying device 8 → the scraping device 7 → the landslide device 21 and the others are the earth dropping device. 22 Note that the earthmoving device 22 may be driven by a reduction gear motor or the like provided separately, and according to this, the power transmission system is simplified.

  Next, a case where beans are harvested by the above harvesting machine will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. The stem 5 a to be harvested is separated by the dividing device 9, handled by the scraping device 7, and drawn and conveyed. It is pinched by the apparatus 8 and pulled out, and is transported rearward and upward while maintaining its posture (of course, with the sheath 5b attached). During this time, the soil attached to the root 5c is wiped off by the landslide device 21 and the landslide device 22.

The stem 5a conveyed to the end of the drawing / conveying device 8 is guided by the star wheel 18 and the guide rod 19 and turned to the left side of the self-propelled vehicle body 2, and the collection box of the collecting device 10 provided below the stem 5a. Fall to 16.
When a certain amount of stems 5a accumulates in the collection box 16, the collection box 16 is rotated downward by an automatic or manual device and released to the ground in a lump. The stems 5a released to the ground are collected later, but when they are shipped, unnecessary portions and leaves of the stems 5a are removed to make a certain amount into a bundle, or only the sheath 5b is handled and collected. . In addition, it may replace with discharge | emission from the collection box 16 and an operator or an assistant may take out suitably, or may transship to the accompanying transport vehicle.

By the way, depending on the region or the type of beans, the width of the basket 6 may be different, so that one of the wheels 1 (in this example, the left side when viewed from the traveling direction) can be moved back and forth to deal with this. Specifically, the drive structure incorporated in the drive cylinder 56 on this side is made to be a structure that can be expanded and contracted by a spline or the like, and an expansion and contraction mechanism 57 such as an expansion cylinder is provided between the self-propelled vehicle body 2 and the final case 53, The telescopic mechanism 57 is operated to move the wheel 1 in and out.
Of course, this operation is also configured as a remote operation type using an appropriate operation tool (not shown) provided on the handle 4.

  FIG. 7 is a side view showing another example of this harvesting machine. In addition to the above basic form, when the stem 5a is pulled out by the pulling and conveying device 8, the soil around the root 5b is vibrated and pulled out. A vibrating blade device 58 may be provided for facilitating the operation. The vibrating device 58 is one in which one or two vibrating blades 59 having an L shape in front view are inserted into the soil until the tip of the vibrating blade 59 reaches below the root 5b. That is, the vibration blade 59 is attached to the self-propelled vehicle body 2 and the like so as to be swingable back and forth around the support shaft 60, and is connected to the crank body 62 via the connecting rod 61. Accordingly, when the crank body 62 is driven during traveling, the vibrating blade 59 vibrates and loosens the soil around the stem 5a and the root 5c, thereby facilitating the extraction.

Further, a rod-shaped multi-presser 63 that presses against both side surfaces of the rod 6 may be extended rearward from the gate body 12 or the like.
Since beans may be cultivated in a mulch, it is possible to prevent the mulch from being entangled with the take-in device 7 or the pulling / conveying device 8 by pressing the mulch with the mulch presser 63. In addition, if the mulch is left on the ridge 6 in this way, the later detachment of the mulch becomes easy. Furthermore, the multi-presser 63 is also effective when the vibrating blade 59 is used.
In addition, a drum 64 having a considerable length and diameter may be provided above the inside of the upper pulley 17 of the pulling and conveying device 8 where the stem 5a turns. Since the stem 5a extends to some extent above the drawing and conveying device 8, the stem 5a is applied to the drum 64 to smoothly rotate the entire stem 5a, and complements the functions of the star wheel 18 and the guide rod 19 It is.

It is a side view of the beans drawing harvesting machine which shows an example of the present invention. It is a front view of the bean drawing harvesting machine which shows an example of this invention. It is a side view of the soil removal apparatus which shows an example of this invention. It is a top view of the soil removal apparatus which shows an example of this invention. It is a side view of the earthmoving apparatus which shows another example of this invention. It is a rear view of the earthmoving apparatus which shows another example of this invention. It is a side view of the bean drawing harvesting machine which shows another example of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 Self-propelled vehicle body 5 Beans 5a Bean stalk 5b Bean pod 5c Root 6 畝 7 Scratching device 8 Pull-out conveyance device 9 Dividing device 10 Collection device 11 Soil removal device 14 Protrusion claw 15 Elastic belt 16 Collection box 21 Land breaking device 22 Earthmoving device 23 Vertical axis 24 Drum 25 Projection tooth 26 Disc 28 Earthing plate 29 Root pad 58 Vibrating blade device 63 Multi presser

Claims (2)

  A drawing device 9 is provided that divides the stem 5a of the beans 5 planted in the cocoon 5c into a stem 5a that harvests the stem 5a and the stem 5a that does not so with the progress of the machine, and conveys the whole root 5c rearward and upward in that posture. A soil removing device 11 that is configured by the transport device 8 and that removes soil attached to the lower portion of the stem 5a and the root 5c being transported by the pulling and transporting device 8 is provided below the pulling and transporting device 8. Characteristic bean pulling and harvesting machine. It is comprised at least by the drawing conveyance apparatus 8 which conveys the stem 5a of the legume 5 planted by the eaves 5c to the back upper part with the root 5c with the attitude | position with advancing of a body, and the downward direction of the said drawing conveyance apparatus 8 Further, a bean drawing and harvesting machine is provided with a soil removing device 11 for removing soil attached to the lower part of the stem 5a and the root 5c being conveyed by the drawing and conveying device 8.

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