JP2004000295A - Young soybean drawing harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a soybean drawing harvester which gathers a harvest by an easy and sure method by holding and of drawing out the stems of young soybean beans together with the roots. <P>SOLUTION: The young soybean drawing harvester consists of a scraping device drawing up the stems of the young soybeans planted in rows in ridges with the advance of the harvester, and a drawing conveying device which draws out the stems by holding the stems drawn up by the scraping device and conveys them to the rear upward while removing the soil attached to the roots and while keeping the held posture of the stems, and a collection device which collects the drawn out stems is included in the harvester. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

(4) The present invention relates to a soybean extracting and harvesting machine that extracts and harvests pods of green soybeans with stems attached to stems.

As a soybean harvesting machine, there is a type in which green soybeans (pods) are removed while leaving the stem on the ground. There is also known a structure in which the stem is cut off with green soybeans attached. According to such a harvesting method, the entire stem or the stem root under the ground is left in the field, which causes a continuous cropping failure. Therefore, a post-operation for removing this is necessary. If the stalks are pulled out by human power, considerable labor (30 to 40 kg) is required, resulting in heavy labor. For example, there is Patent Document 1 and the like.

JP-A-5-103526 JP-A-6-078620 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-27386 JP-B-56-22484

For this reason, Patent Literature 2 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-078620) discloses a type in which a stem, which has green soybeans attached thereto, is pinched and pulled out from the ground by a chain that rotates backward and oppositely. In this prior example, the stem pulled out by the chain is re-clamped by the belt which is arranged at the back and is also oppositely rotated backward, and the one that was in the vertical position until then is changed to the horizontal position while moving backward. It is in the form of transport. Therefore, there is a possibility that an error may occur when the chain is transferred from the chain to the belt or when the posture is changed, and the structure is complicated and the price is high.
In view of the above, the present invention is designed to pull out the stem and transport it backward while maintaining its posture, thereby ensuring the work reliability and simplifying the structure.

Under the above problems, the present invention provides a raking device that lifts edamame stalks planted in ridges upwards as the fuselage advances, and holds the stalks lifted by the raking device from the roots. At least the pulling and conveying device that conveys upward and rearward in the same posture, the starting end of the pulling and conveying device is lowered to the ridge, and the sponge or the like that does not damage the pod attached to the stem is collected and collected. The device provides an edamame extractor, which is provided on the left side when viewed from the rear, which is one side of the body, in the traveling direction.

Also, a raking device composed of opposing projecting claws that lifts the soybean stalks planted on the ridges upward as the aircraft progresses, and clamps the stalks lifted by the raking device from the roots At least the pulling and conveying device that conveys upward and backward in that posture, the starting end of the pulling and conveying device is lowered to the ridge, and a sponge or the like that does not damage the sheath attached to the stem is drawn. The stalks conveyed to the end of the transfer device are changed direction and fall from the end position of the pull-out transfer device to the back and fall to the collection device provided on the left side when viewed from the rear which is one side of the fuselage in the traveling direction. To provide an edamame harvester.

In addition, a scraping device that lifts the soybean stalks planted on the ridges upwards as the aircraft advances, and the stalks lifted by the scraping device are pinched and pulled out from the root, and the posture is A walk-behind work machine at least comprising a pull-out transfer device for transferring the vehicle to a self-propelled vehicle body having wheels mounted on the left and right sides, and a steering handle provided at a rear portion, wherein one of the wheels is provided. And a soil for removing soil adhering to stems during the pulling and conveying of the pulling and conveying device, which is provided with a gauge wheel that is provided so as to protrude to the stepping side on the same running path as that of the pulling and conveying device. An edamame extractor and harvester is provided, wherein the removing device is provided below the extracting and conveying device.

According to the harvester having the above configuration, the green soybean stalks are nipped by the pull-out transport device, pulled out from the ground, and transported rearward in the same posture. The structure is simplified as well as the property is increased. In addition, since a scraping device that lifts the stem upward is provided in front of the pulling and conveying device, the stems and branches and leaves are erected by this, and the operation of the pulling and conveying device is further ensured.

In this case, if the pulling and conveying device is constituted by an elastic belt that rotates oppositely and has a sponge or the like adhered to the surface, even if the portion with green soybeans is sandwiched, the green soybeans will not be damaged. Green soybeans are also found in the lower part of the stem above the ground, and this portion is also pinched, so this configuration has a great significance. In addition, since the scraping device is constituted by the protruding claws that rotate in opposition, the scraping action is assured.

Further, the present invention provides a means in which a collecting device for storing a certain amount of stems conveyed by the pull-out conveying device is attached to the harvester described above, a structure in which the collecting device has a collecting box for receiving the stems sideways, The box provides a means for automatically or manually rotating downward and releasing the accumulated stems into a lump when a certain amount of the accumulated stems is collected.

The stem transported by the pull-out transport device may be released to the field each time. However, if a certain amount of the stem is stored and released by the collection device, the subsequent collecting operation becomes efficient. The continuity of operation can be ensured by automatically or manually turning the collection box constituting the collection device downward.

Further, the present invention provides, in the above-mentioned harvesting machine, a soil removing device for removing soil attached to the root of a stem being conveyed by the pulling and conveying device below the pulling and conveying device, and these soil removing devices are attached to the root. Since it is composed of soil removal that removes soil, it is possible to remove soil efficiently and automatically at the time of harvesting.

As described above, according to the green soybean harvesting according to the present invention, the green soybean beans can be harvested by pulling out the stems without leaving the stems, roots, and the like in the ground. In this case, according to the harvester according to the present invention, since the stem is pulled out and transported while keeping the stem in the standing posture by the pulling-out transport device, the pulling-out is ensured, and the structure is simplified and the cost is reduced. Can be manufactured at a price.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of an edamame extracting and harvesting machine showing an example of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view. An engine 3 is mounted on a running body (frame) 2, and a walking-type working machine having a steering handle 4 provided at a rear portion is configured. However, the traveling device may be a crawler, and the body structure may be a riding type on which an operator rides.

The green soybeans 5 are row-planted with ridges 6 formed in the field. To continuously harvest the soybeans, a raking device 7 that lifts the stem 5a while raking the stem 5a, and a raking device 7 It is necessary to have a pull-out transport device 8 for pulling out and transporting the stem 5a scraped by the above. Although it seems that the pulling and conveying device 8 alone may be used, the stem 5a of the green soybeans 5 may be laid down on the ground and spread laterally. However, in order to perform the pulling out more reliably, it is preferable to provide the dividing device 9 in front of the scraping device 7, and in order to carry out the continuous operation efficiently, the stem 5 a pulled out behind the pulling and conveying device 8 is used. It is suitable to provide a collecting device 10 for storing a certain amount of. Further, in order to remove the soil attached to the root 5c, it is better to provide the soil removing device 11.

The harvester of this example includes all the above-described devices, and each device will be described below. First, the dividing device 9 has two square bodies 13 protruding forward from a gate body 12 provided also in front of the body 2 and serving also as a front weight. The horn 13 separates the stem 5a to be harvested from the stem 5a that is not so as to make it easy to be scraped by the subsequent scraping device 7 like the divider of the binder or the combine.

The scraping device 7 is provided below the rear of the gate body 12 and is provided with a pair of protruding claws 14 whose opposite sides are both flatly rotated rearwardly and upwardly close to each other. At 14, it is raked into the opposing butting surface. The scraping device 7 lifts only the stem 5a to be harvested upward, and ensures that the stalk 5a is pinched by the pull-out transport device 8 later.

The pulling and conveying device 8 is provided below and behind the scraping device 7, and has a pair of elastic belts 15, both of which oppose each other, which are flatly rotated rearward and upward, are pressed against each other and brought into contact with each other. The stalk 5a squeezed by the squeezing is pulled out, and is transported rearward and upward in the posture. For this reason, the starting end of the drawing and conveying device 8 is lowered to just below the ridges 6 (ground surface) as in the scraping device 7. The surface of the elastic belt 15 is preferably made of a soft sponge or the like so as not to damage the sheath 5b attached to the pinched stem 5a.

The collection device 10 is provided on one side (left side when viewed from the rear in the traveling direction) of the body 2 from the end position of the pull-out conveyance device 8 to the rear, and has a collection box 16. The collecting box 16 is formed of a box or plate having a length substantially equal to the length of the stem 5a and having a required volume with an open top. By the way, since the stem 5a conveyed by the pull-out conveying device 8 needs to fall well into the collection box 16, the stem 5a of the upper pulley 17 on which the elastic belt 15 of the pull-out conveying device 8 is attached, A star wheel 18 having a diameter larger than that of the pulley 17 is attached to the lower side of the pulley 17, and a guide rod 19 that curves from the other side of the elastic belt 15 toward the collection box 16 is provided. Leading to 16.

When the stem 5a accumulates in the collection box 16, the stem 5a is discharged to the ground. This discharge may be performed manually by the pilot or assistant moving or stopping the harvester, but leaving the collection box 16 pivotable downward about its horizontal mounting axis 20; When the accumulated amount becomes constant, the work can be continuously performed by rotating and discharging by automatic or manual operation. In addition, since the rotating structure can use the discharge structure of the focusing device in the binder or the like as it is, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. The stems 5a collected in a certain amount and released in a lump as described above will be collected later.

The soil removing device 11 is provided below the pull-out transport device 8 and removes soil attached to the root 5c during transport. Since the soil attached to the root 5c must be dropped after being collected, the soil is to be harvested. The soil removing device 11 of the present example includes a landslide device 21 and a landslide device 22. FIG. 3 is a side view of a central portion of the body 2 provided with the soil removing device 11, and FIG. 4 is a plan view. Are attached to the outer circumference of a drum 24 attached to the thruster, such as teeth of a handling cylinder of a threshing machine, which enter into the trajectory of each other. The protruding teeth 25 are usually rotated in a direction to feed the stem 5a backward.

On the other hand, the soil removal device 22 is provided behind the landslide device 21 and has several pins 27 hanging down from a horizontally rotating disk 26, and a free-spinning soil hitting plate 28 mounted on the pins 27. It is composed of an attached one and a base plate 29 such as a rubber plate extending in the front-rear direction disposed on one of the left and right sides of the soil striking plate 28 (28a is a rotation of the soil striking plate 28). Stopper that determines the movement range). In this case, the base plate 29 is set within a range of operation of the soil striking plate 28 or at a position slightly away therefrom. Further, the disk 26 is also rotated in a direction to feed the stem 5a backward.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing another example of the earth removal device 22. In this example, the center axis of the disk 26 is inclined until the center axis of the disk 26 is perpendicular to the stretching direction of the elastic belt 15 of the pull-out conveyance device 8. Things. By doing so, the working length of the soil striking plate 28 is increased, and the soil removal effect can be further enhanced. FIG. 6 is a side view showing another example of the soil removal device 22. In this embodiment, the protruding teeth 25 of the soil removal device 21 are used in place of the disk 26 and the soil striking plate 28. The members can be shared, which can contribute to cost reduction.

As described above, the lower part of the stem 5A and the root 5C that are being conveyed first touch the protruding teeth 25, thereby breaking the soil and the like, and almost all of them are beaten down. Next, the stem 5a and the root 5c come into contact with the soil striking plate 28, and the remaining soil is beaten by the action of the soil striking plate 28 and the root contact plate 29. At this time, the stem 5a and the root 5c Since it becomes sandwiched between the striking plate 28 and the root plate 29, the soil removal is completed.

By the way, the vertical axis 23 and the disk 26 are both forcedly rotated, and for that purpose, the working system power of the engine 3 is used. The power of the working system is transmitted to the upper pulley 17 of the pulling and conveying device 8 to drive the elastic belt 15, but the power transmitted to the pulley shaft 31 of the lower pulley 30 is provided in the middle of the pulling and conveying device 8. The power transmitted to the intermediate transmission shaft 32 by the chain / sprocket mechanism 33 and transmitted to the intermediate transmission shaft 32 is transmitted to the upper pulley 35 of the raking device 7 by the universal joint mechanism 34 to drive it. ing. Therefore, a housing 37 for accommodating a drive shaft 36 which is power-coupled to the chain and sprocket mechanism 33 is fixed to the frame 2 with a bracket 46 or the like, and the lower end of the housing 37 is lowered vertically to accommodate the longitudinal axis 23 in this portion. , The drive shaft 36 and the longitudinal axis 23 are connected by a bevel gear mechanism 38.

On the other hand, the power transmission of the soil removal device 22 to the disk 26 is performed by attaching a housing 39 projecting the disk 26 to an attachment body 40 provided below the pull-out and transporting device 8, and housed in the housing 39 to make the disk 26 A lateral drive shaft 41 connected by a bevel gear mechanism (not shown) is driven by a working system power via a universal joint mechanism 42. In this case, a long hole 43 is formed in the front and back of the mounting body 40, and the housing 39 can move up and down (front and rear) in the long hole 43.

Therefore, if the wire 44 and the like are connected to the housing 39 and the other end of the wire 44 is extended to the knob 45 provided on the handle 4 side, the position of the knob 45 is adjusted back and forth, so that the front-rear position of the soil removal device 22 can be adjusted. Can be adjusted, and more complete soil removal is possible. The mounting of the root plate 29 is fixed from the frame 2 via a bracket 47. The center of the left and right protruding teeth 25 is set on the transport line L of the stem 5a, but the set of the soil striking plate 28 and the root plate 29 is offset from this line L by a predetermined distance to the left and right.

In addition, the above-mentioned gate body 12 also serves as a front weight, but since it is necessary to pass through the pulled-out stem 5a, its shape is an inverted U-shape in a front view. This gate body 12 is for correcting that the front part becomes too light and difficult to steer due to the layout of the body. The basic form of this harvester is based on an onion harvester, and is provided with this gate body 12 instead of the vertical turning and raising device provided therein. In this manner, the machine body 2 is shared, and the production cost is suppressed.

Further, a gauge wheel 48 is provided at a front portion of the frame 2 so as to protrude to one side of the frame 2. The gauge wheel 48 is provided so as to step on the same running path as the wheel 1 on the side of the wheel 1 which cannot be moved in and out later. Since the gauge wheel 48 adjusts the height of the frame 2 and particularly determines the working height of the scraping device 7 and the raising and conveying device 8, the height must be adjustable. The height of the gauge wheel 48 of this embodiment is adjusted by operating a handle 51 provided at the upper end of the mounting shaft 50, in which a support shaft 49 having a screw mechanism (not shown) is incorporated in the support cylinder 49. . The handle 51 is provided so as not to hinder the transfer of the stem 5a from the pull-out and conveyance device 8 to the collection device 10.

A transmission case 52 is attached to the engine 3, and the driving force of the engine 3 is reduced or shifted in the transmission case 52 and transmitted to the wheels 1 and the above-described devices. To briefly explain the power distribution, power transmission is performed by a drive shaft or a gear (bevel gear), a chain, a sprocket, a belt, or a pulley. It is transmitted from the final case 53 to the axle 54. On the other hand, the working system is transmitted from the transmission case 52 to the submission case 55, a part of which is as described above, the pull-out / conveyance device 8 → the scraping device 7 → the crushing device 21, and the other is a crushing device. It is conveyed to 22. In addition, the drive of the earth removal device 22 may be performed by a separately provided speed reducer motor or the like, which simplifies the power transmission system.

Next, the case where beans are harvested by the above-mentioned harvester will be described. The stem 5a to be harvested is divided by the dividing device 9, and is also picked up by the scraping device 7, pinched and pulled out by the pulling and conveying device 8, and While maintaining the posture (of course, with the sheath 5b attached), it is conveyed upward. During this time, the soil attached to the root 5c is removed by the landslide device 21 and the landslide device 22.

The stem 5a conveyed to the end of the pull-out conveyance device 8 is turned to the left side of the body 2 by being guided by the star wheel 18 and the guide rod 19, and is transferred to the collection box 16 of the collection device 10 provided therebelow. Fall. When a certain amount of the stem 5a accumulates in the collection box 16, the collection box 16 is rotated downward by an automatic or manual device and discharged to the ground in a lump. The stalks 5a released to the ground are collected later, but when they are shipped, unnecessary portions and leaves of the stalks 5a are removed to bundle a certain amount, or only the sheath 5b is handled and collected. . It should be noted that, instead of the release from the collection box 16, the worker or the assistant may take out as appropriate or reload the vehicle with the accompanying carrier.

By the way, since the width of the ridge 6 may be different depending on the region or the type of beans, one of the wheels 1 (in this example, the left side as viewed from the traveling direction) can be moved sideways to cope with this. Specifically, the drive structure incorporated in the drive cylinder 56 on this side is made to be expandable and contractible by a spline or the like, and an expansion and contraction mechanism 57 such as an expansion and contraction cylinder is provided between the frame 2 and the final case 53. 57 is operated to put the wheel 1 in and out. Of course, this operation is also configured by remote control using an appropriate operation tool (not shown) provided on the handle 4.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing another example of this harvester. In addition to the above-described basic form, when the stem 5a is pulled out by the pulling-out and conveying device 8, the soil around the root 5b is vibrated and pulled out. May be provided. The vibrating device 58 has one or two L-shaped vibrating blades 59, which are L-shaped when viewed from the front, protruding into the soil until their tips reach below the root 5b. That is, the vibration blade 59 is mounted so as to be able to swing back and forth around a support shaft 60 provided on the frame 2 and the like, and is connected to the crank body 62 via the connecting rod 61. Thus, when the crank body 62 is driven during traveling, the vibrating blade 59 vibrates to loosen the soil around the stem 5a and the root 5c, thereby facilitating pulling.

In some cases, the bar-shaped multi-presser 63 that presses against the both side surfaces of the ridge 6 may extend rearward from the gate body 12 or the like. Since green soybeans are sometimes cultivated in a mulch, it is possible to prevent the mulch from clinging to the scraping device 7 and the pull-out and conveying device 8 by pressing the mulch on the mulch presser 63. In addition, if the mulch is left on the ridges 6 in this way, the subsequent mulch can be easily peeled off. Further, the multi-presser 63 is also effective when the vibration blade 59 is used. In addition, a drum 64 having a considerable length and diameter may be provided above the inside of the upper pulley 17 of the pull-out conveyance device 8 where the stem 5a turns. Since the stem 5a extends to some extent above the pulling and conveying device 8, the stem 5a is used to smoothly rotate the entire stem 5a by hitting the portion to the drum 64, and complements the operation of the star wheel 18 and the guide rod 19. It is.

It is a side view of the green soybean extractive harvester which shows an example of this invention. It is a front view of the green soybean extractive harvester which shows an example of this invention. It is a side view of the soil removal device which shows an example of this invention. It is a top view of the soil removal device which shows an example of this invention. It is a side view of the earth removal device which shows another example of this invention. It is a rear view of the earth removal device which shows another example of this invention. It is a side view of the green soybean extractive harvester which shows another example of this invention.

Explanation of reference numerals

2 frame (body)
5 Green soybeans 5a Green soybean stem 5b Green soybean pods 5c Roots 6 Rows 7 Scraping device 8 Pulling and conveying device 9 Dividing device 10 Collecting device 11 Soil removing device 14 Protrusion claw 15 Elastic belt 16 Collection box 21 Debris removal device 22 Earth removal device 23 Longitudinal axis 24 Drum 25 Protruding teeth 26 Disk 28 Slap plate 29 Root plate 58 Vibrating blade device 63 Multi presser

Claims (3)

A raking device composed of opposing projecting claws that lifts the soybean stalks planted on the ridge upwards as the aircraft progresses, and pulls out the roots by clamping the stalks lifted by the raking device, At least the pulling and conveying device that conveys upward and backward in that posture, the starting end of the pulling and conveying device is lowered to just below the ridge, and the sponge or the like that does not damage the sheath attached to the stem, and the collecting device is An edamame extractor provided on the left side when viewed from the rear, which is one side of the fuselage, in the traveling direction. A raking device composed of opposing projecting claws that lifts the soybean stalks planted on the ridge upwards as the aircraft progresses, and pulls out the roots by clamping the stalks lifted by the raking device, At least the pulling and conveying device that conveys upward and backward in that posture, the starting end of the pulling and conveying device is formed by a sponge or the like that does not damage the sheath attached to the stalk and lowers to the ridge, and the pulling and conveying device. The stem conveyed to the end of the body is turned and falls from the end position of the pull-out conveyance device to the back, and falls to the collection device provided on the left side when viewed from the rear, which is one side of the body, in the traveling direction. Edamame harvester. A raking device that lifts the soybean stalks planted on the ridges upward as the machine advances, and the stalks lifted by the raking device are pinched, pulled out from the roots, and transported rearward and upward in that position A walk-behind work machine at least configured with a pull-out conveyance device that mounts an engine on a self-propelled vehicle body having wheels mounted on the left and right, and provided with a steering handle at the rear, the same as one of the wheels A soil removal device that includes a gauge wheel provided to extend a runway toward a stepping side and that is disposed below and behind the scraping device and that removes soil adhered to a stem during the pulling and conveying of the pulling and conveying device. A green soybean extractor / harvester, comprising:

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