JP2001204247A - Method of production of mushroom cultivation medium material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce a mushroom cultivation medium material able to obtain stable quality when used as a culture medium in artificial culturing of mushroom. SOLUTION: The method of production of mushroom cultivation medium material obtained by mixing barks and poultry manure, and heaping to ferment them. Herein, 5-15 pts.wt. of the poultry manure is mixed to 100 pts.wt. of the barks in absolute dry weight ratio, at least one kind selected from among waterworks sludge, charcoals and horticulture soils is further added to the above mixture, and optionally, at least one kind selected from among sawdust, chaff, porous minerals and waste beds in mushroom culturing is further added.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a method for producing a material for a mushroom culture medium, and more particularly, to a method for producing a material for a mushroom culture medium obtained by mixing bark and poultry manure, depositing and fermenting. Mix and deposit 5 to 15 parts by weight of chicken manure with 100 parts by weight of bark, and add at least one selected from water cake, charcoal and horticultural soil as a quality stabilizer, and further stabilize physical properties Mushroom cultivation base material capable of stably producing a mushroom cultivation base material by adding at least one selected from sawdust, rice husk, porous mineral substances, and waste fungus bed of cultivated mushrooms as an agent And a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In mushroom cultivation, rice bran, bran, etc. are added as nutrients to sawdust, corn cob, etc. and adjusted to an appropriate water content. In the cultivation of mushrooms, for example, Hatake shimeji, Hon shimeji, Matsutake, Shaka shimeji, Amitake, etc., components contained in sawdust, corn cob, etc. Cannot be used as a culture medium material. Therefore, a material having a small growth inhibiting factor, such as bark compost made of wood compost, is used as a culture base material. However, commercially available bark compost is a generic term for bark (bark) compost that is a main raw material. Under the Fertilizer Control Law, it belongs to special fertilizers and can be manufactured and sold only by notification to prefectures. At present, there are differences in manufacturing methods. In addition, the Japan Bark Compost Association voluntarily sets main quality standards and conducts quality control, but since these are all for plant cultivation, they are suitable as materials for mushroom culture bases. Not.

[0003]

The bark compost conventionally available on the market has a difference in quality, particularly the degree of ripeness, depending on the product, and even if it is fully ripe, it tends to be clay-like due to the large number of fine particles. When used for mushrooms, there is a problem that it is difficult to adjust the water content, which may affect the occurrence of mushrooms.

[0004] It is an object of the present invention to solve these problems and to produce a material for a mushroom culture base capable of obtaining stable quality when used in a culture medium in an artificial cultivation method for mushrooms.

[0005] The inventors of the present invention have studied a method for producing a material for a mushroom culture base capable of obtaining stable quality when used in a culture medium in an artificial cultivation method of mushrooms. In a method for producing a material for a mushroom culture medium obtained by fermentation, 5 to 15 parts by weight of chicken manure is mixed and deposited with 100 parts by weight of bark on an absolute dry basis, and water-purified cake and charcoal are added as a quality stabilizer. Kind, horticultural soil, by adding at least one selected from sawdust, rice hulls, porous minerals, waste fungus bed of cultivated mushrooms as a physical stabilizer, The present inventors have found that it is possible to stably produce a material for a mushroom culture medium, and have completed the present invention.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention relates to (1) a method for producing a material for a mushroom culture base obtained by mixing bark and chicken manure, and depositing and fermenting the same, wherein 100 parts by weight of the bark is absolutely dry weight ratio. And 5 to 15 parts by weight of chicken droppings are mixed. (2) The method for producing a material for a mushroom culture base according to the method for producing a material for a mushroom culture base according to the above (1), wherein at least one selected from water-purified cake, charcoal, and soil for gardening is added. Exist. (3) In the method for producing a material for a mushroom culture base according to the above (1) or (2), further adding at least one selected from sawdust, rice husk, porous mineral substances, and waste bacterial beds of cultivated mushrooms. A method for producing a material for a mushroom culture base characterized by the following.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail.

The bark used as a raw material for the bark is preferably one that has been deposited outdoors for at least one year after peeling. As a tree species, bark of either hardwood or conifer can be used.

As chicken dung mixed with chicken dung bark, any of raw chicken dung and dried chicken dung can be used, but dried chicken dung which provides stable quality is particularly preferred.

Water purification cake The water purification cake used in the present invention is obtained by concentrating and dewatering the sedimentary mud generated in the water purification treatment step of the water purification plant. Conventional applications include soil for poor farmland such as gravel soil,
It is used for returning soil to flowering trees and turf cultivation sites, pots (potted flowers, houseplants), cultivation soil, cultivation of seedlings for paddy rice and vegetables, and floor soil for vegetables and flowers grown in facilities. ("Pure water cake", edited by the Japan Society of Soil Fertilizers, published March 30, 1983, Hakutosha).
The purified water cake used in the present invention is not limited in terms of treatment method, collection place, and any other conditions, and any one can be used, and the addition ratio is 1 to 1 with respect to the mixture of bark and chicken manure. 10% (capacity ratio). The addition may be performed at the time of mixing and depositing bark and chicken dung, or at the end of the deposition period.

Coal The charcoal used in the present invention may be charcoal, rice charcoal, coal, etc., and any of the ash after burning. The particle size is particularly preferably 10 mm or less, and the addition ratio is 1 to 10% (by volume) based on the mixture of bark and chicken manure.
It is. When adding, mix bark and chicken manure,
Either at the time of deposition or at the end of the deposition period.

Horticultural soil The horticultural soil used in the present invention is a soil used for upland soil, mountain sand, and black soil, and also for raising seedlings, and any soil including clay can be used. The addition ratio is 1 to 10% (volume ratio) based on the mixture of bark and chicken dung. The addition may be performed at the time of mixing and depositing bark and chicken dung, or at the end of the deposition period.

Sawdust The sawdust used in the present invention is not limited in terms of tree species, particle size, and any other factors, and any can be used. The addition ratio is based on the mixture of bark and chicken manure. 5 to 50% (by volume), particularly preferably 10 to 30%
(Capacity ratio). In addition, it is preferable to add and mix the bark and chicken dung simultaneously when the bark and chicken dung are mixed and deposited.

Rice husk The rice husk used in the present invention is not limited with respect to the type of rice, the period after threshing, and any other factors, and any type can be used. If necessary, pulverized material and sediment can also be used. The addition ratio is 5 to 50% (volume ratio) to the mixture of bark and chicken manure, particularly preferably 10 to 30% (volume ratio). ). In addition, it is preferable to add and mix the bark and chicken dung simultaneously when the bark and chicken dung are mixed and deposited.

Porous Mineral The porous mineral used in the present invention includes Kanuma soil, Hyuga soil,
Pumice-like volcanic gravels such as Akadama clay and mineral substances such as perlite and vermiculite are expanded by heating.These can be used alone or in combination.The addition ratio is based on the mixture of bark and chicken manure. 1 to 30% (volume ratio). The addition may be performed at the time of mixing and depositing bark and chicken dung, or at the end of the deposition period.

Waste bacterial bed of cultivated mushrooms The waste bacterial bed of cultivated mushrooms used in the present invention is generally a waste bacterial bed of artificially cultivated shiitake, enokitake, bunashimeji, oyster mushroom, maitake, and the like. The amount is 5 to 50% (by volume), particularly preferably 10 to 30% (by volume), based on the mixture of chicken dung. Also, at the time of addition, when mixing and depositing bark and chicken dung,
Mixing is preferred.

Production method 5 to 15 parts by weight of chicken manure are mixed with 100 parts by weight of bark in an absolute dry weight ratio. At this time, if the amount of chicken manure is less than 5 parts, composting does not proceed due to lack of nitrogen component, and it is easy to become immature,
When chicken dung is mixed in more than 15 parts, caution is required because the proportion of lime contained in the chicken dung becomes excessive and the pH becomes high. Next, at least one selected from water-purified cake, charcoal, and horticultural soil is added as a quality stabilizer, and sawdust, rice hulls, porous minerals, and waste fungus beds of cultivated mushrooms are further added as physical stabilizers. Add at least one selected from the group and add 6
Accumulate for more than a month. During this time, it is important to perform management at least once a month.

[0018]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following Examples, but it should not be construed that the invention is limited thereto.

Example 1 A bark deposited for 1 year in the field was dried chicken manure in an absolute dry weight of 700 kg with respect to a bone dry weight of 6 t (bark: chicken manure = 10
0: 11.6). For 40 m ^{3 of} this mixture, 2 m ³ of purified water cake (5% volume ratio) as a quality stabilizer and 8 m ³ (20% of hardwood sawdust) as a physical stabilizer
(Volume ratio), mixed, and deposited for 6 months. During this period, management was performed by switching back once a month. Using this completed mushroom culture base material, Hatake shimeji was cultivated. For the method, 100 parts of mushroom culture base material completed at absolute dry weight ratio, dry beer lees, rice bran, and crab shell were blended at a ratio of 50, 25, and 7 parts, respectively.
The culture medium adjusted to 64% in water content was filled into a 850 ml polypropylene cultivation bottle with 620 g. Then, in order to supply air to the whole culture medium in the bottle and improve the growth of mycelium, a hole having a diameter of 2.0 cm was drilled in the culture medium from the opening of the bottle to near the bottom. The bottle was sterilized in a high-pressure sterilizer (120 ° C. for 1 hour).

After the temperature of the culture medium was cooled to 25 ° C. or less, 15 g of Hatakeshimeji inoculum (registered cultivar “Kameyama No. 1”, registered No. 6740) was inoculated in a clean room (inoculation room) at room temperature of 23 ° C. and humidity. The mycelium of the inoculum inoculated in a room adjusted to 70% (RH) spreads in the cultivation container, and the mycelium starts to change in brown color, and the mycelium matures and the primordium of the fruiting body is seen. The cells were cultured until no time (hyphal culture step).
Next, the bacteria were scraped, 40 ml of water was added to the opening of the cultivation bottle for rehydration, and the mixture was left for 2 hours. Then, the excess water was removed with the opening down, and the opening was completed with the completed mushroom cultivation material.
It was coated with a thickness of 2.0 cm (coating step). Room temperature 23
After culturing for 7 days in a room adjusted to a temperature of 70 ° C and a humidity of 70% (RH), the coating material on the surface layer where no mycelium has penetrated is removed, and the room temperature is 17 ° C and the humidity is 98% (RH). , Illuminance 200
Cultivation was continued in a room adjusted to looks (bearing body formation step). As a result, 30 days after the inoculation of the inoculum, the hypha spread to the entire bottle, and on the 75th day, 138 g (average of 32) of Hatake mushroom fruit bodies were harvested per cultivation bottle.

Example 2 Bark deposited in the field for one year was dried chicken manure in an absolute dry weight of 700 kg with respect to a bone dry weight of 6 t (bark: chicken manure = 10
0: 11.6). To 40 m ^{3 of} this mixture, 2 m ³ (5% volume ratio) of coal ash (trade name: Land Plus, manufactured by Techno Chubu Co., Ltd.) as a quality stabilizer, and waste enokitake mushrooms as a physical stabilizer 8m ³ (20%
(Volume ratio), mixed, and deposited for 6 months. During this period, management was performed by switching back once a month. Using this completed mushroom culture medium material, Hatake shimeji was cultivated in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the hypha spread to the entire bottle 30 days after inoculation of the inoculum, and on the 75th day per cultivation bottle 132 g (average of 32) of Hatake mushroom fruit bodies were harvested.

Example 3 Bark immediately after peeling was mixed with dried chicken manure in a ratio of absolute dried weight of 700 kg to absolutely dried weight of 6 t (bark: chicken manure = 100: 11.6). To 40 m ^{3 of} this mixture, 2 m ³ (5% volume ratio) of purified water cake as a quality stabilizer and 8 m ³ (20% volume ratio) of hardwood sawdust as a physical stabilizer were added and mixed. , Deposited for 6 months. During this period, management was performed by switching back once a month. Using this completed mushroom culture base material, Hatakeshimeji was cultivated in the same manner as in Example 1, and as a result, 37
On day 83, mycelia spread throughout the bottle, and on day 83, 125 g (average of 32) of Hatakeshimeji mushrooms were harvested per cultivation bottle.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 A bark deposited in the field for one year was dried at a rate of 200 kg of absolutely dry chicken manure to absolutely dry weight of 6 t (bark: chicken manure = 10
0: 3.3). For 40 m ^{3 of} this mixture, 2 m ³ of purified water cake (5% volume ratio) as a quality stabilizer and 8 m ³ (20% of hardwood sawdust) as a physical stabilizer
(Volume ratio), mixed, and deposited for 6 months. During this period, management was performed by switching back once a month. Using this completed mushroom culture medium material, cultivation of Hatake shimeji was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, insufficient maturation of the mushroom culture medium material resulted in 38 days from inoculation of the inoculum to inoculation of the hypha into the entire bottle. On the 83rd day, 117 g of Hatakeshimeji mushroom body was harvested per cultivation bottle (average of 32).

Comparative Example 2 Bark deposited in the field for one year was dried chicken manure at an absolute dry weight of 1.5 ton with a bone dry weight of 6 ton (bark: chicken manure = 100:
25). To 40 m ^{3 of} this mixture, 2 m ³ (5% volume ratio) of purified water cake as a quality stabilizer and 8 m ³ (20% volume ratio) of hardwood sawdust as a physical stabilizer were added and mixed. , Deposited for 6 months. During this period, management was performed by switching back once a month. Using this completed mushroom culture medium material, cultivation of Hatake shimeji was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the pH of the mushroom culture medium became 8.1. It took 40 days, and on the 85th day, 113 g (average of 32) of Hatake mushroom fruit bodies were harvested per cultivation bottle.

[0025]

By using the mushroom culture base material obtained by the method for producing a mushroom culture base material of the present invention, it can be compared with other mushroom culture base materials used in a culture medium in an artificial mushroom cultivation method. As a result, it has become possible to manufacture a material for a mushroom culture base from which mushrooms of stable quality can be obtained.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Yoshitomo Kojima 4-7-21 Sanno, Nakagawa-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi F-term (reference) 2B011 BA06 BA09 BA13 GA04

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method for producing a material for a mushroom culture base obtained by mixing, depositing and fermenting bark and chicken manure, wherein 5 to 15 parts by weight of chicken manure are mixed with 100 parts by weight of bark on an absolute dry basis. A method for producing a material for a mushroom culture base, comprising: 2. The method for producing a material for a mushroom culture base according to claim 1, wherein at least one selected from water-purified cake, charcoal, and horticultural soil is added. . 3. The method for producing a material for a mushroom culture base according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising adding at least one selected from sawdust, rice husk, a porous mineral substance, and a waste fungus bed of cultivated mushrooms. A method for producing a material for a mushroom culture base, which is a feature.