JP2001076265A - Fire detector - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fire detector which is installed in a tunnel and maintains a fire monitoring function equal to a conventional one, which suppresses the adhesion of a dirt-causing material to a light receiving window stored in a detection sensor as much as possible and can consequently prolong the cleaning work interval. SOLUTION: In the fire detector which is installed on the inner wall face of tunnel 21, in which a light receiving window 13 is arranged protrudedly from the tunnel inner wall face 21, a detection sensor 13 installed in the light receiving window 13 detects radiation energy emitted from fire and detects fire, protruding wall face 15 which block an air flow and generates vortical air flow having a flow in a direction opposite to the air flow near the light receiving window 13 is installed on the down stream side of the light receiving window 13 with respect to the air flow which dominantly flows in the tunnel.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fire detector and, more particularly, to an optical fire detector which is disposed at a predetermined interval on a tunnel inner wall and has a light receiving window.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, tunnels for vehicles and railways,
Various facilities are installed in the tunnel to secure traffic safety. Regarding tunnel equipment for vehicles,
A brief description will be given with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG.
Inside the tunnel 20, an illumination light 23 such as a sodium lamp for securing a view inside the tunnel 20, a fire detector 24 for detecting a fire that has occurred inside the tunnel 20, and spraying water when a fire is detected, A water spray head 25 for preventing the expansion, a fire hydrant equipment 26 containing a water discharge nozzle and a hose, a jet fan 27 for ventilating the inside of the tunnel 20, and a guide indicator light 28 for allowing an evacuee to recognize an emergency passage and an exit and to guide the evacuees. First, various facilities are provided, such as an emergency telephone for reporting an emergency occurring in the tunnel 20, a radio rebroadcasting guide line for radio broadcasting, and the like. In particular, fire detector 2
4 is disposed at a predetermined interval, for example, 25 m intervals, on a wall with visibility in the tunnel for the purpose of detecting a vehicle fire or the like in the tunnel 20 and promptly notifying the tunnel manager or the driver of the vehicle. ing.

Next, an example of a conventional fire detector installed in a tunnel will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventionally known fire detector. The configuration of such a fire detector is
For example, it is described in JP-A-9-282578. As shown in FIG. 11, the fire detector 100 protrudes from the detector main body 100a and has a pair of inclined surfaces 101a,
Light receiving windows 102a, 102b provided in each of 101b
The light receiving element (detection sensor) 103a, 103b is stored in the light receiving element storage portion 110, and is disposed around the light receiving element storage portion 110,
Test light source storage sections 120a and 120b in which check lamps 104a and 104b for detecting the dirt status of the light receiving windows 102a and 102b are stored, respectively.

[0004] As the light receiving elements 103a and 103b, pyroelectric sensors, solar cells, and the like that can detect radiation emitted from a flame are used. In addition, the light receiving element housing portion 110 is provided so as to protrude from the detector main body 100a (that is, the tunnel inner wall surface 21), so that each of the light receiving elements 103a and 103b has a substantially center line perpendicular to the tunnel inner wall surface 21. As boundaries, an area AL on the left side of the drawing and an area AR on the right side of the drawing are individually monitored.

An arrangement of such a fire detector in a tunnel will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG.
It is the schematic which shows the arrangement form in the tunnel 20 of the fire detector 100, and the setting state of a monitoring area (detection area). As shown in FIG.
.. Are arranged on the tunnel inner wall surface 21a on one side (the lower side in the figure) of the tunnel 20 at a predetermined separation distance (interval) L. As described above, each of the fire detectors 0B, 100C, 100D,. 100A, 100B, 100C, 100D,
.., Predetermined monitoring areas Ax, Ay, Az are set on both the left and right sides in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel with the respective installation center lines as a reference. Here, each monitoring area Ax, Ay, Az
Is set to include at least the positions of the fire detectors arranged adjacent to each other, and each monitoring area Ax, Ay, Az is set so as to be monitored complementarily by two fire detectors. ing.

Specifically, each of the fire detectors 100A, 10A
, 0B, 100C, 100D,... Are arranged at an interval of, for example, 25 m on the inner wall surface 21 of the tunnel on one side, the monitoring area of the fire detector 100B is set to Ax and Ay, and the monitoring area of the fire detector 100C is In the case where Ay and Az are set, the fire detectors 100B and 100C are set so that the monitoring area Ay overlaps (complementarily) to be monitored. According to such an arrangement of the fire detector, a blind spot (shade) occurs in the monitoring area of the fire detector even when there is a vehicle (an obstacle) stopped due to a vehicle failure or the like in the tunnel. Can be suppressed, and good fire monitoring can be performed.

Incidentally, the fire detector 10 as described above is used.
When 0 is installed on the inner wall surface 21 of the tunnel, as described above, since the light receiving element housing portion 110 of the fire detector 100 has a configuration protruding from the inner wall surface 21 of the tunnel into the tunnel, as shown in FIG. In addition, the vehicle is constantly exposed to the airflow C that flows predominantly in the tunnel 20 due to running of the vehicle, ventilation of the jet fan, and the like. In addition, 2m to 10m dominantly flowing in one longitudinal direction in the tunnel
It is well known that there is an airflow C of about / s. Various substances causing dirt (dirt substances) such as soot, dust, earth and sand, chemical substances such as anti-freezing agent and the like discharged from the vehicle are floating in the tunnel 20. Light receiving window 1 that flies in the airflow and is located on the upstream side
02a directly collides and adheres as dirt D. Although dirt adheres not only to the light receiving window 102a located on the upstream side but also to the light receiving window 102b located on the downstream side, the degree of dirt is one-several as compared with the upstream side where the air flow directly collides.
It is about. Such contamination of the light receiving window reduces the amount of light received by the light receiving elements 103a and 103b housed therein, thereby lowering the detection sensitivity. Therefore, in order to maintain the performance of the fire detector for a long period of time, There was a problem that cleaning work had to be performed frequently.

To solve such a problem, FIG.
As shown in the figure, a check lamp 1 for detecting the dirt state is provided at a position where the light receiving windows 102a and 102b can be seen.
04a and 104b are arranged, and the test light CK is periodically radiated to the light receiving elements 103a and 103b.
There is known a method called a dirt compensation process for detecting the dirt state of the light-receiving elements 103a and 102b to compensate for a decrease in the detection sensitivity of the light receiving elements 103a and 103b by signal processing or the like, thereby reducing the frequency of the cleaning work. The dirt compensation processing is described in detail in, for example, JP-A-6-325274 and JP-A-5-314376.

As a method of reducing the adhesion of dirt to the light receiving windows 102a and 102b, an air flow deflecting means such as a plate-shaped member or an air guide tube is provided upstream of the light receiving window (light receiving glass). 2. Description of the Related Art There is known a dirt avoiding structure that generates an upward airflow or the like to deflect and control an airflow that is directly blown to a light receiving window, thereby suppressing collision and adhesion of a dirt-causing substance flying with the airflow to the light receiving window. The structure for avoiding contamination by airflow deflection is described in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-62118.
And Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-265591.

[0010]

As described above, there are known various methods for always maintaining and managing a fire detector in a good state and avoiding a state such as failure or malfunction.
However, the above-described conventional technology has the following problems. (1) In a fire detector that adopts dirt compensation processing,
The purpose is to compensate for the decrease in detection sensitivity due to the decrease in the amount of light received by the light receiving element by signal processing, etc., but not to suppress the adhesion of dirt to the light receiving window itself. The frequency could not be significantly reduced.

(2) In a fire detector employing a structure for avoiding contamination by airflow deflection, the speed of airflow generated in the tunnel is as low as about 2 m to 10 m / s at most, and the mass of the substance causing contamination is reduced. Due to the relatively large size, the contamination-causing substance may not be able to sufficiently follow the deflection of the airflow (such as upward airflow). In this case, the dust directly collides with the light receiving window and adheres as dirt. Protrusions occur, making the unevenness of the fire detector surface more complicated, increasing the adhesion of dirt-causing substances and reducing efficiency during cleaning work. Not enough, there was room for improvement.

For this reason, even in the above-described conventional fire detector, an operation of mechanically or manually cleaning dirt adhering to the housing of the fire detector (particularly, the light receiving glass) is performed at regular intervals. Needed. Here, in the case of a vehicle tunnel, cleaning work is generally performed while driving at a low speed, or performing extensive lane regulation, etc., in order to increase work efficiency and ensure worker safety, and stop the work vehicle and perform cleaning work. Therefore, there is a problem that traffic congestion due to lane regulation or the like occurs. Further, there is a problem that even when the work is performed using a time zone such as nighttime to avoid traffic congestion, human and time burdens are large. Therefore, development of a fire detector capable of minimizing the frequency of cleaning work (making the work interval as long as possible) is desired.

In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a new structure for a fire detector installed in a tunnel, and accommodates a detection sensor while maintaining a fire monitoring function equivalent to the conventional one. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fire detector capable of minimizing the adhesion of a stain-causing substance to a light receiving window and extending a cleaning operation interval.

[0014]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fire detector installed on an inner wall surface of a tunnel, at least a light receiving window is arranged to protrude from the inner wall surface of the tunnel, and provided in the light receiving window. In the fire detector that detects the fire by detecting the radiant energy emitted from the flame by the detected sensor, the airflow dominantly flowing in the tunnel is blocked, and the direction of the airflow is opposite to the direction of the airflow near the light receiving window. An airflow control unit for generating a vortex airflow having a directional flow is provided. Further, the fire detector according to the invention of claim 2 is installed on the inner wall surface of the tunnel, and at least the light receiving window is arranged to protrude from the inner wall surface of the tunnel, and a fire sensor is provided by the detection sensor provided in the light receiving window. In the fire detector that detects the radiant energy emitted from and detects a fire, an airflow control unit that causes the airflow that flows dominantly in the tunnel to stay on the upstream side including the arrangement position of the light receiving window is provided. It is characterized by.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the fire detector according to any one of the first and second aspects, the airflow control unit controls an airflow that flows predominantly in the tunnel. On the other hand, it is characterized in that it is provided on the downstream side from the arrangement position of the light receiving window. Claim 4
The fire detector according to the present invention is the fire detector according to claim 3, wherein the airflow control unit is configured to perform the fire detector on an inner wall surface of the tunnel and an airflow that flows dominantly in the tunnel. Characterized in that it has a wall surface protruding substantially vertically from the main body. In the fire detector according to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fire detector according to the fourth aspect, the airflow control unit may be configured such that a protruding end of the wall surface is at least upstream of an airflow that flows dominantly in the tunnel. It is characterized by being provided to be bent.

[0016] The fire detector according to the sixth aspect of the present invention comprises:
5. The fire detector according to claim 4, wherein the airflow control unit is provided such that a protruding end of the wall surface is branched in an upstream direction and a downstream direction of an airflow that flows dominantly in the tunnel. I have. A fire detector according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is the fire detector according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the airflow control unit is detachably provided to a main body of the fire detector. It is characterized by having. The fire detector according to the invention of claim 8 is the fire detector according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
In the fire detector, a light source storage unit that stores a test light source that irradiates test light to the detection sensor is provided at a position where the detection sensor provided in the light receiving window can be seen from the main body of the fire detector. It is characterized by being.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a fire detector according to the present invention will be described in detail. First, the basic configuration of a fire detector will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a main part configuration diagram showing a basic configuration of a fire detector according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1A, the fire detector 10 includes a housing (fire detector main body) 10a, a sensor storage unit 11, an inclined surface 12, a light receiving window 13, a detection sensor 14, a projection And a wall surface (air flow control unit) 15.

A circuit board (not shown) is accommodated in the housing 10a, and at least a signal processing circuit for processing a signal detected by the detection sensor 14 is mounted.
The sensor accommodating portion 11 is formed in the upper portion of the housing 10a so as to have an inclined surface 12 so as to protrude from the inner wall surface 21 of the tunnel toward the inside of the tunnel (upward in FIG. 1A). As described in the related art, the detection sensor 1 that detects infrared energy and includes a pyroelectric sensor and the like.
4 are stored.

The oblique surface 12 has a predetermined direction with respect to the direction of the airflow which flows predominantly in the tunnel, in other words, the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, of the sensor housing portion 11 which is installed to protrude from the inner wall surface 21 of the tunnel. It is formed obliquely at an angle. The light receiving window 13 is formed of a transparent plate for preventing the detection sensor 14 stored in the sensor storage unit 11 from being stained or damaged, and the detection sensor 1 stored in the sensor storage unit 11.
4 is provided on the front inclined surface 12. Light receiving window 13
Is made of infrared transmitting glass, for example, sapphire glass. Here, the light receiving window 13 is provided with a predetermined inclination angle (obliquely), and a detection area A having a predetermined spread is set according to a positional relationship with the detection sensor 14 housed therein. Is done.

The protruding wall surface 15 is located on the downstream side of the airflow that flows predominantly in the tunnel, rather than the light receiving window 13 disposed in the sensor housing portion 11 that protrudes from the inner wall surface 21 of the tunnel. 11 (especially, the inclined surface 12 and the light receiving window 13) are prevented from being blown directly, or
Vertically (upright) projecting walls that relax. Here, as shown in FIG. 1B, the projecting wall surface 15 may have a configuration that does not affect the detection area A set by the detection sensor 14 housed in the light receiving window 13. desirable. That is, the detection area A is required to be provided in such a shape and position that the detection area A is not blocked by the protruding wall surface 15 and a blind spot does not occur.

Next, the operation of the fire detector having the above configuration will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an airflow control operation in the fire detector according to the present invention. As described above, the sensor housing portion 11 and the protruding wall surface 15 are
Has a configuration protruding inward from the tunnel. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the sensor housing portion 11 and the projecting wall surface 15 block (block) the flow of the airflow C dominantly flowing in the tunnel, and at least the light receiving window 13 on the upstream side of the projecting wall surface 15 is provided. In the space including the arrangement position, a stagnation portion (stagnation) B of the airflow C is formed.

In the stagnation portion B, a protruding wall surface 15 that interrupts the flow perpendicular to the air flow C,
The swirling airflow E of the interrupted airflow C is generated by the inclined surface 12 which is formed substantially continuously at a predetermined angle to the airflow C. Here, the flow direction of the vortex airflow E in the stagnant portion B is such that the airflow C passes through the vicinity of the surface of the inclined surface 12 where the light-receiving window 13 is arranged from the projecting wall surface 15 in a direction substantially opposite to the airflow C. It has been confirmed by the experiment of the present inventor that the air stream C collides with the airflow C in the upstream space and circulates in the stagnant portion B.

Therefore, the airflow C continuously blowing on the sensor housing 11 and the projecting wall surface 15 collides with the vortex airflow E, and alleviates and cancels each other to the light receiving window 13 arranged on the inclined surface 12. Direct blowing of the airflow C is suppressed. Note that, also on the downstream side (left side in the drawing) of the protruding wall surface 15, the airflow C is completely blind spot (shadowed), so that direct blowing of the airflow C is suppressed. Therefore, the light-receiving window 1 of the dirt-causing substance flying on the airflow C
3 can be greatly suppressed from directly colliding or adhering, and the decrease in detection sensitivity due to contamination of the light receiving window can be significantly suppressed, so that the interval between cleaning operations can be drastically extended.

Next, an embodiment of a fire detector according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. <First Embodiment> FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of a fire detector according to the present invention. In addition, about the structure equivalent to the above-mentioned basic structure, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is simplified. Here, it is assumed that the airflow that flows dominantly in the tunnel flows from the right to the left in the drawing.

As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, a fire detector 10A according to the present embodiment comprises a housing 10a and a housing 10a.
a a sensor housing 11 protruding from the upper part, and an inclined surface 12a formed obliquely in both longitudinal directions of the tunnel;
12b, individual light receiving windows 13a, 13b provided on each inclined surface 12a, 12b, and each light receiving window 13a, 13b.
The detection sensors 14a and 14b housed inside the sensor housing 11, a protruding wall surface 15a provided to protrude from the top 11a of the sensor housing 11, and arranged around the sensor housing 11,
Test light source storage portions (light source storage portions) 16a and 16b formed so as to protrude inward of the tunnel, and light receiving windows 13a and 1b.
3b, the test light source storage sections 16a, 16b
Are provided with individual transmissive windows 17a, 17b provided therein, and check lamps (test light sources) 18a, 18b housed in the respective transmissive windows 17a, 17b.

A circuit board or the like (not shown) is housed in the housing 10a, and an amplifier circuit for amplifying signals detected by the detection sensors 14a and 14b, a signal processing circuit for processing the amplified signals, and a checker Lamps 18a, 18b
A test light source control circuit and the like for controlling the projection of test light according to the above are mounted. The sensor accommodating portion 11 is located at an upper portion of the housing 10a, and is formed so as to protrude from the inner wall surface 21 of the tunnel toward the inside of the tunnel (upward in FIG. 3B).
2b, and a detection sensor 14
a and 14b are stored.

The inclined surfaces 12a and 12b are provided in the sensor storage portion 11 protruding from the inner wall surface 21 of the tunnel.
It is located on one side (right side in FIG. 3 (b)) and the other side (left side in FIG. 3 (b)) in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and is inclined at a predetermined angle to one side and the other side of the tunnel. It is formed. The light receiving windows 13a and 13b are provided on the respective inclined surfaces 1.
The sensors 2a and 12b are provided individually on the inclined surfaces 12a and 12b in front of the detection sensors 14a and 14b housed therein.

The protruding wall surface 15a is provided, for example, so as to protrude from the vicinity of the top 11a of the sensor housing portion 11. More specifically, the protruding wall surface 15a is oblique to an airflow that flows dominantly in one longitudinal direction in the tunnel. Light receiving window 1 provided on facing surface 12a
It is provided near the top 11a of the sensor storage unit 11 downstream of 3a and upstream of the light receiving window 13b provided on the inclined surface 12b. Also, the projecting wall surface 15a
Has a shape bent planarly in the upstream direction of the airflow that flows predominantly in the tunnel. Here, as described in the basic configuration, the protruding wall surface 15 has a detection area AR set by the detection sensors 14a and 14b housed in the light receiving windows 13a and 13b.
It is necessary to provide AL at a position that does not block it.

The test light source housings 16a and 16b are
The upper part 0a is disposed on the upstream side and the downstream side of the sensor housing part 11, respectively, and is formed so as to protrude from the inner wall surface 21 of the tunnel toward the inside of the tunnel (upward in FIG. 3B). Then, inside thereof, the detection sensor 14a,
Check lamps 18a and 18b that regularly emit test light to each of the 14b are housed. Translucent window 1
Reference numerals 7a and 17b are provided in the test light source storage sections 16a and 16b in front of the check lamps 18a and 18b.
The test light CK projected from the light receiving window 8b is received by the light receiving windows 13a and 13b.
It is arranged at a position where it can irradiate the detection sensors 14a and 14b housed therein.

Next, the operation of the fire detector according to this embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing the relationship between the fire detector according to the present embodiment and the airflow that flows predominantly in the tunnel. As shown in FIG. 4, the inclined surface 12 a constituting the sensor storage unit 11 is directed from the upstream side to the downstream side of the airflow C (the airflow flowing from right to left in the figure) which flows dominantly in the tunnel. Thus, an inclined plane is formed in which the height protruding toward the inside of the tunnel continuously increases at a constant ratio. That is, the light receiving window 1
The inclined surface 12a including 3a has a predetermined inclination angle with respect to the tunnel inner wall surface 21.

On the other hand, the protruding wall surface 15a is
In the vicinity of the top 11a, an upright plane protruding perpendicular to the airflow C dominantly flowing in the tunnel is formed. That is, the fire detector 10A according to the present embodiment has a structure in which the inclined plane and the upright plane are formed substantially continuously, and the tip of the protruding wall surface 15a has the airflow C.
And the test light source accommodating portion 16a protrudes upstream of the inclined surface 12a (the sensor accommodating portion 11).

Therefore, similarly to the airflow control action shown in FIG. 2, the protruding wall surface 15a blocks the flow of the airflow C which flows predominantly in the tunnel while being wound in the direction of the inclined surface 12a, and the blocked airflow is reduced. , Passing through the vicinity of the surface of a continuous plane constituted by the protruding wall surface 15a and the oblique surface (sensor housing portion 11) 12a, flowing backward in the upstream direction of the airflow C, and furthermore, by the protruding test light source housing portion 16a. By generating the vortex airflow E that blows upward, the formation of the stagnation portion B of the airflow C is further promoted in the space upstream of the protruding wall surface 15a and including at least the position where the light receiving window 13a is arranged.

By the formation of such a stagnant portion B, the vortex airflow E and the airflow C collide with each other on the upstream side of the light receiving window 13a, and alleviate and cancel each other. Therefore, the light receiving window 13a arranged on the inclined surface 12a is formed. Direct blow of the airflow C to the air is suppressed, and adhesion of dirt can be significantly suppressed. Also,
Also in the light receiving window 13b disposed on the inclined surface 12b located downstream of the protruding wall surface 15a, the airflow C is completely blocked by the protruding wall surface 15a, and direct spraying is suppressed. It can be greatly suppressed.

Next, another shape of the protruding wall provided in the sensor housing will be described with reference to the drawings. <Second Embodiment> FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a second embodiment of a fire detector according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5A, the fire detector 10B according to the present embodiment has the same configuration (FIG. 3) as the first embodiment described above, and the tip of the protruding wall surface 15b is located inside the tunnel. Has a configuration that is bent in a plane to an angle that is substantially parallel to an airflow that flows dominantly.

The fire detector 10B having such a configuration
According to this, as shown in FIG. 5B, an inclined plane formed by the inclined surface 12a and an upright plane formed by the protruding wall surface 15b are formed substantially continuously, and the tip of the protruding wall surface 15b is formed by the airflow C.
Of the airflow C is blocked by the protruding wall surface 15b while being entangled in the direction of the oblique surface 12a, and the arrangement position of at least the light receiving window 13a on the upstream side of the protruding wall surface 15b. In the space including the airflow C, the protrusion B has a shape that is further bent until the tip of the protruding wall surface 15b becomes parallel to the airflow C. Good space is secured. Therefore, the airflow C blown to the light receiving window 13a is reduced and canceled by the stagnation portion B in which the formation region is spatially secured, so that the adhesion of dirt to the light receiving window 13a is further suppressed.

<Third Embodiment> FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a third embodiment of the fire detector according to the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 6A, the fire detector 10C according to the present embodiment has the same configuration (FIG. 3) as the first embodiment described above, and the cross-sectional shape of the protruding wall surface 15c is
It has a curved shape curved in the upstream direction of the airflow that flows predominantly in the tunnel.

The fire detector 10C having such a configuration
According to FIG. 6, as shown in FIG. 6 (b), an inclined plane formed by the inclined surface 12a and an upright curved surface formed by the protruding wall surface 15c are formed substantially continuously, and the front end of the protruding wall surface 15c has an airflow C
Because it has a shape that is curved in the upstream direction of
The protruding wall surface 15c interrupts the flow of the airflow C while smoothly wrapping the airflow C in the direction of the inclined surface 12a, and the stagnant portion B of the airflow C in the space upstream of the protruding wall surface 15c and including at least the position where the light receiving window 13a is arranged. In addition to the formation, the space in which the stagnation portion B is formed is favorably secured. Therefore, the airflow C blown to the light receiving window 13a is reduced and canceled from the stagnation portion B where the formation region is spatially secured, so that the adhesion of dirt to the light receiving window 13a is further suppressed.

<Fourth Embodiment> FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a fourth embodiment of a fire detector according to the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 7A, the fire detector 10D according to the present embodiment has the same configuration (FIG. 3) as the above-described first embodiment, and the cross-sectional shape of the protruding wall surface 15d is as follows.
The sensor housing 11 and the base of the protruding wall 15d are formed by a continuous curved surface while having a curved shape in the upstream direction of the airflow that flows predominantly in the tunnel.

The fire detector 10D having such a configuration
According to FIG. 7B, as shown in FIG. 7B, an inclined plane formed by the inclined surface 12a and an upright curved surface formed by the protruding wall surface 15d are formed continuously, and the tip end of the protruding wall surface 15d is directed upstream of the airflow C. Since the airflow C has a curved shape, the flow of the airflow C is smoothly blocked by the protruding wall surface 15d in the direction of the inclined surface 12a, and the airflow C passes through the vicinity of the surface layer of the inclined surface 12a. Promotes the formation of a vortex airflow E flowing in the upstream direction, and favorably forms a stagnation portion B of the airflow C in a space on the upstream side of the protruding wall surface 15d and including at least the position where the light receiving window 13a is arranged. A space in which B is formed is well secured. Therefore, the airflow C blown to the light receiving window 13a is reduced and canceled from the stagnation portion B in which the formation region is secured spatially, so that the light receiving window 13a
Adhesion of dirt to the surface is further suppressed.

Next, still another shape of the protruding wall surface provided in the sensor housing will be described with reference to the drawings. <Fifth Embodiment> FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a fifth embodiment of a fire detector according to the present invention. FIGS. 8A and 8B show the fire detectors 10E and 10F according to the present embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 7, the second embodiment has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment (FIG. 3), and has the protruding wall surfaces 15e, 15f.
Has a shape protruding vertically from the vicinity of the top 11a of the sensor housing portion 11 and bending at its tip in both the upstream direction and the downstream direction of the airflow predominantly flowing in the tunnel. . That is, the projecting wall surface 15e
Is formed in, for example, a substantially Y-shape, and the protruding wall surface 15f is formed in, for example, a substantially T-shape.

The fire detector 10 having such a configuration
According to E and 10F, similarly to the airflow control action shown in FIG. 4, a continuous plane constituted by the projecting wall surface 15e and the inclined surfaces 12a and 12b, or a continuous plane constituted by the projecting wall surface 15f and the inclined surfaces 12a and 12b. The continuous plane is formed on both the upstream side and the downstream side of the airflow that flows predominantly in the tunnel. Light receiving windows 13a, 1 arranged obliquely in both the longitudinal (left and right) directions
In each of the spaces including the position 3b, stagnant portions Ba and Bb of the airflow can be formed. Therefore, the airflow blown to the light receiving windows 13a, 13b is generated by the stagnation portions Ba,
The light receiving window 13a is relaxed and canceled by Bb.
Adhesion of dirt to 13b is largely suppressed.

Next, another embodiment of the projecting wall provided in the sensor housing will be described with reference to the drawings. <Sixth Embodiment> FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view showing a sixth embodiment of a fire detector according to the present invention. FIGS. 9A and 9B show the fire detectors 10G and 10H according to the present embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 5, the second embodiment has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment (FIG. 3), and has the protruding wall surfaces 15g and 15h.
Has a configuration detachably attached to the vicinity of the top 11a of the sensor storage unit 11.

As a specific configuration example, the fire detector 10
In FIG. 9G, as shown in FIG. 9A, for example, a locking hole 11b formed in the top 11a of the sensor housing 11 is formed.
In contrast, a locking pin 15p provided below the protruding wall surface 15g is inserted and locked. In the fire detector 10H, as shown in FIG. 9B, for example, the fire detector 10H is provided below the protruding wall surface 15h with respect to the locking groove 11c formed on the top 11a of the sensor housing 11. The locking projection 15q is configured to be slidably locked.

The fire detector 10 having such a configuration
According to G and 10H, similarly to the airflow control action in each of the above-described embodiments, a continuous plane formed by the protruding wall surfaces 15g and 15h and the inclined surfaces 12a and 12b, or
With the continuous curved surface, the flow of the airflow that flows dominantly in the tunnel can be blocked, and a stagnation portion of the airflow can be formed in the space upstream of the protruding wall surfaces 15g and 15h, and the fire detectors 10G and 10H can be cleaned. By removing the projecting wall surfaces 15g and 15h at the time of work, it is possible to eliminate a projecting object into the inside of the tunnel, and the fire detector 10G,
The 10H upper surface (particularly, the light receiving windows 13a and 13b) can be favorably cleaned. In addition, protruding wall surfaces 15g and 15g due to fatigue and flying objects due to long-term use inside the tunnel.
Since h can be easily replaced even if it is damaged, the efficiency of maintenance management can be improved.

[0045]

According to the first or second aspect of the present invention, the fire is detected by a detection sensor provided on the inner wall surface of the tunnel, the light receiving window protruding from the inner wall surface of the tunnel, and provided in the light receiving window. In a fire detector, an airflow control unit that blocks an airflow that flows predominantly in a tunnel and generates a vortex airflow having a flow in the opposite direction to the airflow near a light receiving window, or an airflow that flows predominantly in a tunnel. Since the airflow control unit that stays on the upstream side including the arrangement position of the light receiving window is provided, the airflow is alleviated and canceled on the upstream side of the light receiving window, and the dirt causing substance flying on the airflow is received by the light receiving window. Without directly colliding with the surface, the adhesion of dirt to the light receiving window is largely suppressed, the occurrence of fire can be monitored well over a long period of time, and the interval between cleaning operations can be greatly extended.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, in the fire detector according to any one of the first and second aspects, the airflow control unit is provided with a light receiving window for an airflow predominantly flowing in the tunnel. Since it is provided downstream from the arrangement position of
The airflow can be retained on the upstream side including the arrangement position of the light receiving window, and the direct blowing of the airflow to the light receiving window can be suppressed, and the downstream side from the airflow control unit with respect to the airflow. Thus, the blind spot can be completely formed, and the adhesion of dirt to the downstream side can be greatly suppressed. According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in the fire detector according to the third aspect, the airflow control unit is formed by an inner wall surface of the tunnel and a wall surface that projects substantially perpendicularly to an airflow that flows dominantly in the tunnel. Since it is configured, it blocks the flow of the air flow, stays upstream of the wall surface, and can generate a vortex air flow, suppressing direct blowing of the air flow to the light-receiving window, and removing dirt. Adhesion can be suppressed.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fire detector according to the fourth aspect, the protruding end of the wall constituting the airflow control section is bent in the upstream direction of the airflow which flows dominantly in the tunnel. Since it is provided, while blocking the air flow while entraining the air flow, the blocked air flow forms a vortex air flow that passes through the vicinity of the light receiving window surface layer from the wall surface and flows backward in the upstream direction of the air flow, so that the air flow is upstream from the wall surface. Stagnation occurs in a space including at least the position where the light receiving window is disposed on the side, and the direct blowing of the airflow onto the light receiving window can be further suppressed, and the adhesion of dirt can be largely suppressed.

The fire detector according to the invention of claim 6 is:
5. The fire detector according to claim 4, wherein the protruding end of the wall constituting the airflow control section is provided so as to be branched in an upstream direction and a downstream direction of the airflow that flows dominantly in the tunnel, so that the vehicle faces each other. Also for the airflow whose direction changes due to the seasonal wind direction, etc., in each space including the arrangement position of the light receiving window provided in both the longitudinal direction of the tunnel,
An airflow is caused to stay and direct blowing of the airflow to both light receiving windows can be suppressed, and adhesion of dirt can be significantly suppressed. According to the invention of claim 7,
The fire detector according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the air flow control unit is provided detachably with respect to the main body of the fire detector. It is possible to significantly reduce the adhesion of dirt to the light receiving window, and remove the protruding material inside the tunnel by removing the wall surface when cleaning the fire detector.
The periphery of the light receiving window can be satisfactorily cleaned.

According to the eighth aspect of the invention, in the fire detector according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, a test light source for irradiating the detection sensor with test light is stored at a position where the light receiving window is seen through. Since the storage part is provided protruding,
The wall surface blocks and blocks the airflow that flows predominantly in the tunnel, and the blocked airflow passes through the light receiving window surface layer from the wall surface and flows backward in the upstream direction of the airflow. Since the storage portion forms a vortex airflow that blows upward, the formation of a stagnation in a space upstream of the wall surface and at least including the position where the light receiving window is disposed is promoted, and the direct blowing of the airflow onto the light receiving window is further enhanced. Control to greatly reduce dirt adhesion

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a main part configuration diagram showing a basic configuration of a fire detector according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an airflow control operation in a fire detector according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of a fire detector according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a relationship between a fire detector according to the first embodiment and an airflow that flows predominantly in a tunnel.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a second embodiment of the fire detector according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a third embodiment of the fire detector according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a fourth embodiment of a fire detector according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the fire detector according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the fire detector according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram showing tunnel equipment for a vehicle.

FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fire detector according to the related art.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement of a fire detector in a tunnel and a setting state of a monitoring area (detection area) according to the related art.

FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram showing a relationship between a fire detector and an airflow generated in a tunnel in the related art.

[Explanation of symbols]

10, 10A to 10H Fire detector 10a Housing 11 Sensor storage section 11a Top section 11b Lock hole 11c Lock groove 12, 12a, 12b Inclined surface 13, 13a, 13b Light receiving window 14, 14a, 14b Detection sensor 15, 15a to 15h Projecting wall surface 15p Locking pin 15q Locking projection 16a, 16b Test light source storage unit (light source storage unit) 17a, 17b Transmissive window 18a, 18b Check lamp 21 Tunnel inner wall surface

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Masato Aizawa 2-1043 Kami-Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo Ho Chiki Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 2G065 BA10 BA13 BA36 BA37 CA29 DA06 DA15 5C085 AA11 AB01 CA30 FA16 FA35 5G405 AA01 AB05 CA60 FA11 FA25

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. At least a light-receiving window is disposed on an inner wall surface of a tunnel, and a light-receiving window is disposed so as to protrude from the inner wall surface of the tunnel. A detection sensor provided in the light-receiving window detects radiant energy emitted from a flame, In a fire detector that detects a fire, an airflow control unit that blocks an airflow that flows dominantly in the tunnel and generates a vortex airflow having a direction opposite to the direction of the airflow is provided near the light receiving window. A fire detector. 2. At least on the inner wall surface of the tunnel, at least a light receiving window is disposed protruding from the inner wall surface of the tunnel, and a detection sensor provided in the light receiving window detects radiant energy emitted from the flame, A fire detector for detecting a fire, further comprising an airflow control unit for retaining an airflow that predominantly flows in the tunnel on an upstream side including an arrangement position of the light receiving window. 3. The airflow control unit according to claim 1, wherein the airflow control unit is provided downstream of an arrangement position of the light receiving window with respect to an airflow dominantly flowing in the tunnel. Fire detector according to any of the above. 4. The airflow control unit has an inner wall surface of the tunnel and a wall surface that projects substantially perpendicularly from a main body of the fire detector with respect to an airflow that flows dominantly in the tunnel. The fire detector according to claim 3, wherein: 5. The airflow control unit according to claim 4, wherein the projecting end of the wall surface is provided to be bent at least in an upstream direction of an airflow that flows dominantly in the tunnel. Fire detector. 6. The airflow control section, wherein a protruding end of the wall surface is provided so as to be branched in an upstream direction and a downstream direction of an airflow that flows dominantly in the tunnel. Fire detector. 7. The fire detector according to claim 1, wherein the airflow control unit is detachably provided to a main body of the fire detector. 8. A light source storage unit for storing a test light source that irradiates test light to the detection sensor at a position where the fire sensor is provided in the light receiving window and is visible through the detection sensor. The fire detector according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the fire detector is provided so as to protrude from the main body.