JP3484147B2 - Fire detector - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fire detector, and more particularly, to an optical fire detector which is arranged on a tunnel inner wall at a predetermined interval and has a translucent window.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, including tunnels for vehicles and railways,
Various facilities are installed in the tunnel to ensure the safety of traffic. For tunnel equipment for vehicles,
A brief description will be given with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 6, inside the tunnel 50,
An illumination light 52 such as a sodium lamp that secures a view inside the tunnel 50, a fire detector 53 that detects a fire that has occurred in the tunnel 50, a water spray head that sprays water when a fire is detected to prevent the spread of the fire. 54, a fire hydrant equipment 55 containing a water discharge nozzle, a hose, etc., a jet fan 56 for ventilation in the tunnel 50, a guide indicator light 57 for guiding and guiding the evacuee to the emergency passage and exit, and the tunnel 50.
Various facilities are provided such as an emergency telephone for reporting an emergency situation that has occurred in the country, a radio rebroadcast induction line for radio broadcasting, and so on. In particular, the fire detector 53 detects a vehicle fire or the like in the tunnel 50 and promptly notifies the tunnel administrator or the driver of the vehicle of the tunnel wall 50 at a predetermined interval, for example, on the wall surface 51 where visibility is good. , Are arranged at intervals of 25 m.

Next, an example of a conventional fire detector installed in a tunnel will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional fire detector that is generally used. The configuration of such a fire detector is described in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-175986.

As shown in FIG. 7, the fire detector 100 is
In general, a main body case 101 in which signal lines for input and output are routed, and which is mounted and fixed in a detector box (not shown) embedded or exposed on the inner wall surface of the tunnel, and the main body case 101 Removably attached top cover 102
And a dome-shaped light-transmitting light-receiving glass 103 assembled so as to project toward the inside of the tunnel at substantially the center of the upper cover 102, and radiation emitted from the flame that is housed inside the light-receiving glass 103. Light receiving elements (detection sensors) 104a and 104b for detecting light, and the light receiving element 10
The circuit board 105 on which an amplifier circuit for amplifying the signals detected by 4a and 104b, a signal processing circuit for making a fire judgment, and the like are mounted, and the light receiving glass 103 is arranged around the light receiving glass 103 to detect a dirt state or the like. Test light for CK
Check lamps (test light sources) 106a, 106 that emit light
b, and dome-shaped gloves 107a and 107b in which operation confirmation lights 108a and 108b made up of two-color LEDs that light up and display the operating state of the fire detector 100 are housed. When the fire detector 100 is stored in the detector box and fixed, at least the light receiving glass 1
03 and gloves 107a and 107b are arranged so as to be exposed from the front surface of the detector box.

When the detector box containing the fire detector 100 is installed on the inner wall surface of the tunnel, the light receiving element 104a,
The dome-shaped light-receiving glass 103 in which 104b is housed is
The light receiving elements 104a and 104b, which are arranged so as to project from the tunnel inner wall surface 51, respectively have an area AL on the left side of the drawing and an area AR on the right side of the drawing individually with the center line LC perpendicular to the inner wall surface of the tunnel as a boundary. To monitor.

The arrangement of such a fire detector in a tunnel will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the fire detector 100 in the tunnel 50 and the setting state of the monitoring area (detection area). As shown in FIG. 8, the fire detector 100A,
100B, 100C, 100D, ... Are arranged on one tunnel inner wall surface 51 side of the tunnel 50 at regular intervals (intervals) L, and as described above, each fire detector 1
00A, 100B, 100C, 100D, ... Has predetermined monitoring areas set on both left and right sides in the tunnel longitudinal direction with respect to the respective installation center lines. Here, each monitored area Ax, Ay, Az is set so as to include at least the arrangement position of the fire detectors arranged adjacent to each other, and two monitored fire areas Ax, Ay, Az are adjacent to each other. It is set to monitor each other in a complementary manner.

Specifically, each fire detector 100A, 10
0B, 100C, 100D, ... Are arranged on the tunnel inner wall surface 51 on one side at intervals of 25 m, for example. Further, the fire detector 100B sets the monitoring areas Ax and Ay with reference to the installation center line, and the fire detectors 100C arranged adjacent to each other, the monitoring areas Ay and Az with reference to the installation center line. Is set and two adjacent fire detectors 100B and 100C are used to monitor the area Ay.
Are set to be redundantly (mutually complementary) monitored targets. According to such a configuration of the fire detector, it is possible to prevent a blind spot (shadow) from being generated in the monitored area of the fire detector due to a vehicle (obstacle) stopped in the tunnel due to a vehicle failure or the like. Therefore, good fire monitoring can be performed.

When the fire detector is installed on the inner wall surface of the tunnel, as described above, the light receiving glass 103 of the fire detector 100 has a structure that largely projects from the inner wall surface of the tunnel into the tunnel. This is because the detection area is set to be large in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel 50 (left and right direction in the drawing), and the fire is efficiently monitored up to the arrangement position of the adjacent fire detector 100 without generating a non-monitored area.
Light receiving element 104 housed inside light receiving glass 103
This is because the a and 104b are installed at an angle of about 45 degrees with respect to the inner wall surface of the tunnel, so that the dome-shaped light-receiving glass 103 inevitably has to largely project into the tunnel.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, the light receiving glass 103 is always exposed to the air flow C generated in the tunnel due to the traveling of the vehicle, the ventilation of the jet fan, or the like. It is well known that there is an air flow C of about 2 m to 10 m / s that predominantly flows in one direction in the longitudinal direction inside the tunnel. Here, in the tunnel, various substances (hereinafter collectively referred to as stain-causing substances) that cause stains are suspended, such as soot and dust emitted from vehicles, chemical substances such as earth and sand, and anti-freezing agents. Therefore, these substances fly on the airflow C and directly collide with the airflow upstream side of the dome-shaped light-receiving glass 103 and adhere as dirt D1. It should be noted that, although dirt is attached to the light receiving glass 103 other than the upstream side of the air flow, as compared with the upstream side where the air flow directly collides,
The degree of dirt is about a fraction. Such dirt of the light receiving glass 103 is caused by the light receiving element 104a housed inside
Since the light receiving amount of 104b is reduced and the detection sensitivity is lowered, there is a problem that the cleaning work must be frequently performed in order to maintain the performance of the fire detector 100 for a long period of time.

In order to solve such a problem, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 9, check lamps 106a and 106 for emitting a test light CK for detecting the dirt state of the light-receiving glass 103 are provided substantially on the side of the dome-shaped light-receiving glass 103.
There is known a method called a stain compensation process for reducing the frequency of cleaning work by arranging b and periodically detecting the stain state, thereby compensating for the decrease in the detection sensitivity electrically or by signal processing or the like. . A method of avoiding the influence of stains by the stain compensation process is described in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-32.
It is described in detail in JP-A-5274, JP-A-5-314376 and the like.

[0012]

However, the above-mentioned conventional technique has the following problems. (1) In the fire detector that adopted the dirt compensation processing,
An object of the present invention is to compensate for a decrease in detection sensitivity due to a decrease in the amount of light received by a light receiving element by signal processing.
Since it does not suppress the adhesion of dirt to the light-receiving glass itself, the frequency of cleaning work cannot be significantly reduced.

Further, in order to perform stain compensation, it is necessary to periodically irradiate the light receiving elements 104a and 104b with the test light CK from the check lamps 106a and 106b to grasp the stain state of the light receiving glass 103. As shown in FIG. 9, since the globes 107a and 107b in which the check lamps 106a and 106b are housed are also formed so as to project toward the inside of the tunnel, the air flow C generated inside the tunnel is directly generated, though not as much as the light receiving glass 103. As a result of collision, the dirt D2 adheres, which complicates signal processing for dirt compensation and makes it difficult to accurately detect the dirt state.

Further, as shown in FIG.
Check lamps 106a and 106b in 7a and 107b
In the configuration in which the operation indicators 108a and 108b are housed together, the gloves 107a and 107b become dirty D2.
In addition, if there is adhered, it is difficult to confirm the display state of the operation indicator lamps 108a and 108b from the outside. Furthermore, since the globes 107a and 107b are provided so as to project to both sides (left and right direction in FIG. 7) with respect to the light receiving glass 103, they affect the air flow generated in the tunnel and cause air flow near the light receiving glass 103. There is also a possibility that the turbulent flow of the dust D1 may be generated to deteriorate the adhesion state of the dirt D1 to the light receiving glass 103.

Therefore, in the conventional fire detector as described above, the fire detector casing (especially,
It was necessary to perform a work of cleaning the dirt adhering to the light receiving glass) mechanically or manually. Here, in the case of a tunnel for a vehicle, in order to improve work efficiency and ensure the safety of the operator, the work vehicle is generally stopped at a low speed, or a large lane regulation is performed to stop the work vehicle. Since the cleaning work is performed by using such a method, there is a problem that traffic congestion is caused due to lane regulations and the like. In addition, there is a problem in that the burden on humans and time is large even when the work is performed in the time zone such as night to avoid traffic congestion. Therefore, there is a demand for the development of a fire detector that can reduce the frequency of cleaning work as much as possible (make the work interval as long as possible) and can perform cleaning work easily.

(2) Further, as a result of various experiments conducted by the applicant, in order to suppress the adhesion of the stain-causing substance to the light-receiving glass as much as possible, the light-receiving glass provided on the front surface of the detection sensor (or Forming the surface of the transparent window) to be a flat surface as parallel as possible to the wall surface,
It turned out to be better to place. This is because when the light-receiving glass is largely protruding from the wall surface as in the conventional case, the air flow containing the contaminant-causing substance generated in the tunnel directly collides with the air-stream upstream side of the light-receiving glass, resulting in significant contamination. This is because when the light-receiving glass is formed and arranged so as to be a flat surface parallel to the wall surface, the airflow is almost never directly impinged.

However, if the surface of the light-receiving glass (or the light-transmissive window forming the light-receiving glass) is formed and arranged on a flat surface that is completely parallel to the wall surface, it becomes difficult to detect the very near region of the wall surface. A blind spot (non-monitoring area) will be generated, and the detection area cannot be set large in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. Therefore, up to a range including the installation position of the fire detector adjacent to the tunnel, for example, 25
It is technically difficult to cover m with the detection area. Also, if you want to make the transparent window surface a flat surface that is completely parallel to the wall surface, you can shorten the interval between the fire detectors, or stagger the fire detectors on the inner wall on both sides of the tunnel. Although it is possible to adopt a method of arranging in a shape, in any method, there is a problem that the number of installations is significantly increased compared to the conventional method, which leads to a significant cost increase. .

(3) Further, the light-receiving glass in which the light-receiving element is housed has a step of, for example, forming quartz glass into a dome shape, and then polishing the inside to make the glass semitransparent. Therefore, there is a problem that the manufacturing process becomes complicated and complicated, resulting in a long manufacturing time and extremely high manufacturing cost.

In view of such problems, the present invention proposes a new structure of a fire detector installed in a tunnel, and maintains the same fire monitoring function as the conventional one while maintaining the front surface of the detection sensor. A fire that suppresses the adhesion of dirt-causing substances to the translucent window provided in the system as much as possible to extend the cleaning interval and allows the operation confirmation lamp display to be clearly seen from the outside of the translucent window. The purpose is to provide a detector. Further, it is possible to achieve the contradictory objective of suppressing the occurrence of a non-monitoring region near the wall surface as much as possible while bringing the translucent window provided on the front surface of the detection sensor as close as possible to the wall surface.

Furthermore, the adhesion of the stain-causing substance to the test-light transmissive window through which the test light emitted from the test light source is transmitted is suppressed as much as possible, and the detection sensitivity of the detection sensor is well compensated, and the detection sensor is The purpose of the present invention is to suppress the influence of the air flow on the translucent window provided on the front surface of the. Then, it is an object of the present invention to simplify the manufacturing process, shorten the manufacturing time, and significantly reduce the cost by making each component constituting the fire detector into a simple structure.

[0021]

A fire detector according to a first aspect of the present invention comprises a detection sensor for converting light energy into an electric signal, and the detection sensor forms a three-dimensional detection area in a predetermined direction. A fire detector that is set and installed in a tunnel to detect a fire in the tunnel, and has a curved surface with a predetermined radius of curvature in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.
An upper cover having an inclined curved surface formed on Jo, the upper cover, corresponding to the front of the sensor for monitoring the upstream side of the air flow occurring in at least the tunnel, the flat translucent window provided, The transparent window is arranged with an inclination angle in the range of 5 ° to 30 ° with respect to the inner wall surface of the tunnel, and an operation confirmation lamp is arranged in the vicinity of the detection sensor.

The fire detector according to a second aspect of the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, and has independent three-dimensional detection.
Set the detection sensor so that the area can be set.
They are arranged in the left and right directions, and the detection is performed on the upper cover.
Corresponding to the front of each of the sensors, each of the translucent windows is
It is characterized by being provided separately .

That is, in a fire detector for detecting a fire in a tunnel by setting a detection area by the detection sensor, a light-transmissive window provided in front of the detection sensor for monitoring the longitudinal direction of the tunnel has a translucent window. 5 ° to
The fire detection device is arranged with an inclination angle in the range of 30 °, and is located in the vicinity of the detection sensor in the translucent window, and at a position recognizable from the outside through the translucent window. It has a configuration in which an operation confirmation lamp for displaying the operation state of the container is arranged.

As a result, direct blowing of the air flow to the light-transmissive window provided on the front surface of the detection sensor is suppressed,
Since the adhesion of dirt-causing substances to the translucent window is suppressed, it is possible to maintain the fire monitoring function of the fire detector in good condition for a long period of time, and at the same time, to confirm the operation confirmation lamp placed in the translucent window. By suppressing the deterioration of visibility for the display as much as possible,
It is possible to obtain sufficient visibility from the outside for a long period of time. Therefore, the period for cleaning the fire detector can be significantly lengthened.

[0025]

[0026]

[0027]

[0028]

A fire detector according to a third aspect of the invention is
In the above configuration, a test light source that projects a test light to the detection sensor, and a test light transmissive window that transmits the test light, wherein the test light transmissive window is provided in the detection sensor. Corresponding to the inclination angle of the translucent window provided correspondingly, arranged at an inclination angle equivalent to the translucent window, or arranged substantially parallel to the tunnel inner wall surface. It has a feature.

That is, the test-light transmissive window, which is provided in front of the test light source for projecting the test light to the detection sensor disposed in the translucent window and transmits the test light, is transparent. Corresponding to the inclination angle of the window, the inclination angle is equivalent to that of the transparent window , or it is arranged almost parallel to the inner wall surface of the tunnel. It is possible to suppress the state to the same level as that of the translucent window or significantly, to improve the accuracy of detecting the dirt state in the dirt compensation process, and to improve the accuracy of compensating the fire detection sensitivity.

[0031]

The fire detector according to the invention of claim 4 is
In the above structure, at least the transparent window and the test
The test light transmissive window is characterized by being composed of transparent and flat infrared transparent glass. That is, the translucent window and the front
Since the test light-transmissive window has a simple structure, it does not require complicated manufacturing steps such as molding or vapor deposition when manufacturing the light-transmissive window, etc., and can be manufactured at low cost by simple processing. In addition, it is made of a material that is transparent and has a high infrared ray transmittance, so it is possible to properly transmit light including infrared rays and realize an appropriate fire detection function, and the visibility of the operation confirmation lamp. Therefore, it is possible to reliably and easily confirm the operating state of the fire detector associated with maintenance management work.

A fire detector according to the invention of claim 5 is
In the above structure, the infrared transmitting glass forming the light transmitting window and the test light transmitting window is formed in a circular shape or a square shape .

That is, the translucent window and the test light translucent window are provided.
It should be composed of flat, circular, and rectangular infrared transparent glass.
With this, since the manufacturing can be performed by a simple manufacturing process, the manufacturing time can be shortened and the manufacturing cost can be significantly suppressed.

[0035]

[0036]

[0037]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a fire detector according to the present invention. Figure 1
As shown in (a) and (b), the fire detector 10 is roughly divided into a signal line cable (not shown) for input and output, and a predetermined one installed in a tunnel, for example, on a wall surface. A mounting base 21 mounted and fixed in a detector box (not shown) and an upper cover 11 detachably mounted on the mounting base 21 are provided, and a desired fire detection function is realized inside. There is provided a main circuit board 12 on which an electric circuit and the like for carrying out are mounted. In the fire detector 10 shown in FIG. 1, the upper cover 11 and the mold cover 22 closely attached to the upper cover 11 constitute a detector unit having a sealed space,
The main circuit board 12 is housed in a closed space inside the detector unit. Further, in the space formed by the detector unit and the mounting base 21, a circuit component 23 having a relatively high frequency of replacement, such as a lightning protection element, is housed.

The main structure of the fire detector according to this embodiment will be specifically described below. Fire detector 10
As shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), in a state of being installed on the inner wall surface of the tunnel, it is formed into a curved surface with a predetermined radius of curvature at least in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel (left-right direction in FIG. 1). Inclined curved surfaces 13a, 13b and inclined curved surface 13
The steeply inclined surface 14 which is continuously provided on the peripheral portions (outer periphery) of each of a and 13b and has a predetermined inclination angle.
an upper cover 11 having a and 14b, a main circuit board 12 housed inside the detector unit, and a detection sensor 31a including a pyroelectric element that detects radiant light (infrared energy) emitted from a flame, 31b and fire detector 1
A pair of sensor modules 15 each of which is provided with an operation confirmation lamp 31c for displaying an operation state at 0 and is independently attached and fixed to a predetermined position on the main circuit board 12 respectively.
a, 15b and respective sensor modules 15a, 15b
, Which are located in front of the detection sensors 31a and 31b provided in the upper cover 11 and are provided on the inclined curved surfaces 13a and 13b of the upper cover 11, and the respective transparent windows 16a and 16b.
a test light source storage unit 19 having test light transmissive windows 18a and 18b on the lower surface side of the test light sources 17a and 17b, respectively. Has been done.

Inclined curved surfaces 13a, 13b of the upper cover 11
Is composed of a single curved surface or a complex curved surface having a large radius of curvature and approximating to a flat surface, and is formed so as to project inward of the tunnel (upward in FIG. 1B) in the installed state. The inclined curved surfaces 13a and 13b are respectively located on one side (left side in FIG. 1) and the other side (right side in FIG. 1) in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and have a predetermined inclination with respect to one side and the other side of the tunnel. Is formed in.

That is, when the inclined curved surfaces 13a and 13b are installed on the inner wall surface of the tunnel, the inclined curved surfaces 13a and 13b are directed in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction as viewed from the center (the central crown 11a of the upper cover 11), respectively. Is formed so as to have a curved surface with a continuously decreasing protrusion amount. The individual light-transmissive windows 16 are provided near the tops (or top sides) 11a of the respective inclined curved surfaces 13a and 13b.
In the installed state, a and 16b are provided at a predetermined inclination angle with respect to the tunnel inner wall surface.

The steeply inclined surfaces 14a and 14b are the inclined curved surfaces 13.
slanted curved surfaces 13a, 13b on the periphery of a, 13b
And is formed so as to have a steeper inclination angle (for example, about 60 °) than an inclination angle (for example, about 20 °) with respect to the tunnel inner wall surface of the inclined curved surfaces 13a and 13b. ing. In addition, steep slope 1
4a and 14b are formed with apexes (or apex sides) 14c and 14d in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. Here, the rising height (projection amount) of the steeply inclined surfaces 14a and 14b is higher than the heights of the vertices 14c and 14d, and is the central portion in the vertical direction of the upper cover 11 (upper and lower portions of the crown 11a; It is formed so that the height in FIG. 5B described later) is higher.

The translucent windows 16a and 16b are used for the upper cover 1.
A transparent plate having a flat plate shape and a circular shape for preventing and protecting the sensor modules 15a and 15b in 1 from dirt and damage,
For example, it is made of infrared transmitting glass such as sapphire glass. Here, the translucent windows 16a and 16b are approximately 5 ° to 30 ° with respect to the inner wall surface of the tunnel, and preferably,
It is provided with an inclination angle of 10 ° to 25 ° (obliquely).

The test light translucent windows 18a and 18b are translucent windows 16a and 16 provided on the inclined curved surfaces 13a and 13b, respectively.
b arrangement position and inclination angle, and the translucent windows 16a, 16
The sensor modules 15a and 15b (specifically, the detection sensors 31a and 31b) inside b have a predetermined inclination angle, or are arranged substantially parallel to the inner wall surface of the tunnel. ing. In the fire detector 10 according to the present embodiment, the test light transmitting window 18a,
18b shows a configuration in which it is provided in parallel with the inner wall surface of the tunnel in the installed state.
It may be arranged so as to have an inclination angle equivalent to 6b.

Further, the test light transmitting windows 18a and 18b are
When the fire detector 10 is installed, the translucent window 16a,
It is arranged completely above the arrangement position (height position) of 16b, and is made of, for example, infrared transmitting glass such as sapphire glass like the light transmitting windows 16a and 16b. The specific configurations of the translucent windows 16a and 16b and the test-light transmissive windows 18a and 18b will be described later. Then, the fire detector 10 uses the test light source 17
a, 17b, and test light transmissive windows 18a, 18
b through the transparent windows 16a and 16b, and at least the respective transparent windows 16 by the received light of the test light reaching the sensor modules 15a and 15b (detection sensors 31a and 31b).
A functional test including a process of detecting the dirt state of a and 16b and compensating for the decrease of the detection sensitivity by an electric or software control method is periodically performed.

Next, with reference to the drawings, the specific construction of the sensor modules 15a and 15b applied to the fire detector according to the present embodiment and the expansion of the detection area when the fire detector is installed in a tunnel will be described. While explaining. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a sensor module applied to the fire detector according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 3 is an installation state and detection inside a tunnel of the fire detector according to the present embodiment. It is a schematic diagram showing expansion of an area. In the present embodiment, the case where the sensor modules 15a and 15b have the same configuration will be described. Here, in FIG. 2, for convenience of explanation, the sensor module 15
The sensor modules 15 are collectively referred to as a and 15b.

As shown in FIG. 1 (b), the sensor modules 15a and 15b have the same structure, and are connected to each other at predetermined positions on the main circuit board 12 housed in the upper cover 11. They are individually arranged so as to have a symmetrical positional relationship. The specific configuration of the sensor module 15 (15a, 15b) is, as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), detection in which light energy having at least a predetermined wavelength is received, converted into an electric signal, and output. Sensors 31a, 31b,
On the main circuit board 12, the sensor board 31 on which the pair of operation confirmation lights 31c showing the operation state of the fire detection processing and the test processing in the fire detector 10 are mounted, and the back side of the sensor board 31 are attached. A mounting base 32 for fixing at a predetermined position, the light receiving surfaces of the detection sensors 31a and 31b mounted on the sensor substrate 31, and the pair of operation confirmation lamps 31.
Openings 33a, 33b, 33c are formed so that c is exposed, and a shield for blocking and reducing external noise to the circuit elements (including the detection sensors 31a, 31b) mounted on the sensor substrate 31. Cover 33
And, which are sequentially assembled.

Here, in the detection sensors 31a and 31b, as shown in FIG.
It is arranged so as to coincide with the center line of 1. The sensor module 15 shown in FIG. 2 detects the radiation intensities in two (or a plurality of) wavelength bands and detects the presence or absence of flame based on the relative ratio of the two wavelengths (or a plurality of wavelengths). For example, the detection sensor 31a detects light in a wavelength band of about 4.5 μm, and the detection sensor 31b has a structure of about 5.0 to 5 μm.
It is configured to detect light in the wavelength band around 7.0 μm. Each of the detection sensors 31a and 31b has a light receiving element built therein, and an optical filter that selectively transmits light energy in a predetermined wavelength band is integrally provided in front of the light receiving element. .

Further, the sensor substrate 31 may be equipped with at least the detection sensors 31a and 31b and the operation confirmation lamp 31c. In addition to this, for example, a part or all of the processing circuit for executing the fire detection processing may be installed. It may be installed. The operation confirmation lamp 31c is, for example, a two-color LED
And the vicinity of the detection sensors 31a and 31b, specifically, as shown in FIG.
From the outside through the transparent light-transmitting windows 16a and 16b provided on the respective inclined curved surfaces 13a and 13b of the operation confirmation lamp 31c.
At a position where the light emission state of can be visually recognized, and
As shown in FIG. 2B, the sensor substrate 31 is arranged at a position symmetrical with respect to the center line of the sensor substrate 31.

The pair of operation confirmation lights 31c are set in the sensor module 15 so as to individually display the fire detection processing state or the test processing state. Specifically, for example, in a state in which the fire detector 10 is installed on the inner wall surface of the tunnel, a fire detection display function is set to the operation confirmation lamp 31c located on the upper side, and the operation confirmation lamp 31c is mounted on the sensor module. When a fire is detected by the detection output from each of the detection sensors 31a and 31b of 15, the operation confirmation lamp 31c is driven to emit red light, and when normal, the light emission is stopped.

Similarly, a test operation display function is set for the operation confirmation lamp 31c located on the lower side, and a test is performed on each detection sensor 31a, 31b of the sensor module 15 in which the operation confirmation lamp 31c is mounted. When the test is performed by receiving light, the operation confirmation lamp 31c is driven to emit green light, and the light emission is stopped during a normal fire monitoring operation. That is, in the installed state of the fire detector 10, the upper operation confirmation lamp 31c is used as a light source for the fire detection display function and is driven to emit light only in red, and the lower operation confirmation lamp 31c is a test lamp. It is used as a light source for the operation display function and is driven to emit light only in green.

As described above, in the fire detector 10 according to the present embodiment, the sensor modules 15a and 15b having the same structure are individually arranged symmetrically in the longitudinal two directions of the tunnel. With the arrangement, the number of parts can be made common and the number of parts and the manufacturing process can be significantly reduced, so that the manufacturing cost can be significantly reduced due to the effect of mass production. Here, the sensor modules 15a, 15 having the same configuration
By arranging b so as to have a bilaterally symmetrical positional relationship, the functions set for the pair of operation confirmation lamps 31c are vertically opposite. Therefore, in the present embodiment, a two-color LED is applied to the operation confirmation lamp 31c, and the operation confirmation lamp 31c is installed in both sensor modules 15a and 15b or in the electric circuit mounted on the main circuit board 12.
The lighting operation of the operation confirmation lamp 31c is set symmetrically by performing switching control so that the operational function set in c has a symmetrical relationship. Specifically, the operation confirmation light 31c
Control method (not shown) for controlling the light emission drive of each other by exchanging the connection state of the signal line with each other and controlling the hardware, or a software control for controlling the light emission drive state by the control program in the control section. Various control methods can be adopted.

The function setting of the operation confirmation lamp 31c shown here is only an example, and other functions may be set or added. Further, in the present embodiment,
Although the configuration in which the pair of operation confirmation lamps 31c are arranged at positions symmetrical with respect to the center line of the sensor substrate 31 is shown, the two-color LED serving as the operation confirmation lamp 31c is arranged on the center line of the sensor substrate 31. Two colors L by arranging only one
As compared with the case where two EDs are provided, the replacement control as described above is unnecessary, and the configuration can be simplified.

As shown in FIG. 1B, the sensor module 15 (15a, 15b) having such a structure detects a predetermined spread in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel (left and right direction in FIG. 1). In order to set the areas Aa and Ba, the light receiving surfaces of the detection sensors 31a and 31b are installed so as to have an angle of, for example, 45 degrees with respect to each of the two longitudinal directions of the tunnel. Therefore, with the center of the fire detector 10 (the crown 11a) being substantially the boundary, substantially symmetrical detection areas Aa and Ba for individually monitoring the left and right directions are set. Note that FIG.
In (b), the spread of the detection areas Aa and Ba is shown as a plane along the paper surface, but in reality, it also has a spread in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface, and has a conical three-dimensional shape as a whole. It has a wide spread.

Therefore, the installation state of the fire detector 10 having such a configuration on the inner wall surface of the tunnel is, for example,
As shown in FIG. 3 (a), one wall surface 51 a below the inside of the tunnel 50 (generally, at a height of about 2.5 m from the road surface).
A plurality of detection areas are arranged at intervals of 25 m, for example, and each fire detector 10 monitors the road surface 50a and the wall surface 51b on the other side along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel 50, as shown in FIG. 3 (b). It is installed so that Aa and Ba are set. Here, the fire detection area set by such a fire detector 10 is, as shown in FIG. 1B, the inclination angles of the sensor modules 15a and 15b, and the detection sensors 31a and 31b and the translucency. Windows 16a, 16
Based on the positional relationship with b, etc., each detection area Aa,
The spread and boundary of Ba are defined.

Next, specific configurations of the transparent window and the test-light transparent window will be described with reference to the drawings. Figure 4
FIG. 3 is a detailed view of a main part showing a configuration example of a translucent window and a test light translucent window applied to the fire detector according to the present embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 4A, the flat and circular translucent window 16 is provided.
a and 16b are translucent in the stepped circular opening 41 formed in the inclined curved surfaces 13a and 13b of the upper cover 11 located in front of the detection sensors 31a and 31b mounted on the sensor modules 15a and 15b. Windows 16a, 16
Overhanging portion 41a with which the sapphire glass to be b is engaged
For example, it is configured by applying an adhesive or the like and closely fixing it.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, the test light transmitting windows 18a and 18b are flat and rectangular (rectangular in the figure).
Is the test light source 17 stored in the test light source storage section 19.
Stepped square opening 4 formed in front of a, 17b
2, the test light transmissive windows 18a and 18b are formed by applying, for example, an adhesive or the like to the overhanging portion 42a with which the sapphire glass is engaged, and closely fixing the same. The transparent windows 16a and 16b and the test transparent windows 18a and 18b have a smooth continuous surface with respect to the inclined curved surfaces 13a and 13b and the lower surface of the test light source accommodating portion 19 without unevenness. Then, the openings 41 and 42 are engaged.

Here, the contaminant-causing substance and corrosive gas in the tunnel enter the inside of the fire detector 10, and the sensor modules 15a and 15b, the main circuit board 12, and the test light source 17 are included.
In order to prevent malfunctions such as a and 17b, sapphire glass (translucent windows 16a and 16b,
It is necessary to fix the test light transmitting windows 18a, 18b) to the openings 41, 42 in close contact with each other with good airtightness. A technique for this purpose is, for example, so-called UV adhesion using an ultraviolet curable adhesive. The method can be applied well. U
In the V-bonding method, an ultraviolet curable adhesive is evenly applied to the bonding surface (protruding portions 41a and 42a in FIGS. 4A and 4B), and the object to be bonded (FIGS. 4A and 4A). In b), the translucent window 16
a, 16b, and test-light transmissive windows 18a, 18b), and then radiating ultraviolet rays for a predetermined time to bond them with good airtightness. According to this method, the translucent window portion and It is possible to easily and quickly realize sufficient airtightness of the test-light-transmitting window portion, and reliably prevent the entry of a substance causing a stain or a corrosive gas into the inside of the fire detector.

As described above, the transparent or flat sapphire glass (infrared ray transmitting glass) having a circular or rectangular shape is used, and the light transmitting windows 16a and 16b and the test light transmitting windows 18a and 18 are used.
By constructing b, it is not necessary to use a dome-shaped light-receiving glass projecting inside the tunnel as shown in the prior art (see FIG. 7). Therefore, a step of molding quartz glass or polishing the inside into ground glass It can be manufactured at a very low cost by a simple manufacturing process without using a complicated and complicated manufacturing process such as a vapor deposition process.

In particular, when sapphire glass is used as the translucent windows 16a, 16b and the test light transmissive windows 18a, 18b, a sapphire glass columnar ingot is slice-cut to produce a flat product. Since it has a step of forming, it is formed into a substantially circular shape in the slice cut state, so that as shown in FIG.
When the sapphire glass is engaged with the circular opening 41, the number of processing steps can be extremely reduced and the economy is high in terms of dimensioning.

Here, since sapphire glass originally has a high-cut type filter characteristic that satisfactorily transmits radiation (infrared rays) in a wavelength band of about 7.0 μm or less, it is of the two-wavelength type as described above. In the fire detector of
By applying sapphire glass to the translucent windows 16a and 16b, the long-wavelength side band of the light energy incident on the detection sensor 31b that detects the light energy in the wavelength band of about 5.0 to 7.0 μm is detected. The present invention can be favorably applied as a filter member for defining the above, and the number of parts of the filter member in the two-wavelength type fire detector can be reduced.

Further, the translucent windows 16a and 16b and the test light translucent windows 18a and 18b have a transparent flat plate shape, and in addition, the translucent windows 16a and 16b are approximately 5 with respect to the inner wall surface of the tunnel. Due to the shape of the upper cover that has an inclination angle of 30 ° to 30 ° and the test light transmissive windows 18a and 18b are provided substantially parallel to the inner wall surface of the tunnel, an air flow deflecting action described below is performed. Since the effect of suppressing the adhesion of dirt to the light-transmitting windows 16a and 16b and the test-light transmitting windows 18a and 18b is added, the infrared ray transmittance, which is indispensable for maintaining good fire detection function and test function, can be obtained. The transparent window 16 can be maintained in a high state for a long period of time.
The operation confirmation lamps 31c arranged inside the a and 16b can be visually recognized from the outside for a long period of time, and further, the cleaning work and the maintenance and inspection work of the fire detector can be efficiently performed.

In the present embodiment, the translucent window 1
6a, 16b and the test-light transmissive windows 18a, 18b have been described as being made of circular or rectangular transparent and flat sapphire glass, respectively, but the present invention is not limited to this. The window and the test-light transmissive window may each have a circular shape or a rectangular shape, or may have an elliptical shape or the like in which these shapes are combined. In short, the translucent window only needs to have a shape such that an appropriate detection area is set depending on the positional relationship with the detection sensor.For the test translucent window, the test from the test light source is required. Any shape may be used as long as it has a shape in which light is favorably received by the detection sensor housed in the translucent window.

Next, the operation peculiar to the shape of the upper cover applied to the fire detector according to this embodiment will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 shows inclined curved surfaces 13a, 1
FIG. 3B is a schematic view showing the relationship between the shape of 3b and the shapes of the steeply inclined surfaces 14a and 14b and the air flow. Here, in FIG. 5A, the airflow generated in the tunnel is assumed to be flowing toward the right with the left side of the drawing as the upstream.
In the case of (b), it is assumed that the flow is directed diagonally upward to the right with the diagonally lower left in the drawing as the upstream.

As shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b), the inclined curved surface 13a formed on the upper cover 11 is directed toward the inside of the tunnel from the upstream side to the downstream side of the air flow C, that is,
It has a curved surface with a large radius of curvature that projects in the forward direction. Further, since the inclined curved surfaces 13a and 13b are formed in a curved shape with a predetermined radius of curvature, the inclined curved surfaces 13a and 13b also have an inclined curved surface in the vertical direction of the tunnel in the installed state. On the other hand, the steeply sloping surface 14a has a curved surface that is on the outer peripheral side of the sloping curved surface 13a and that projects toward the inside of the tunnel on the upstream side of the airflow C with respect to the sloping curved surface 13a. Therefore, the flow of the airflow C changes (deflects and is controlled) along the shapes of the steeply inclined surfaces 14a and 14b and the inclined curved surfaces 13a and 13b.

Therefore, according to the fire detector 10 having such a configuration, of the air flows C flowing from the upstream side, first, the air flow Cx on the inner wall surface side of the tunnel is the peripheral portion on the installation surface side of the fire detector 10. By directly spraying on the steepest inclined surface 14a (that is, in the vicinity of the edge 14c) located on the most upstream side, the dirt-causing substance collides with and part of it adheres. After that, the air flow C in which the contaminant-causing substance has decreased
x goes over the steeply inclined surface 14a and moves forward, and the inclined curved surface 1
Airflow Cxa flowing along the shape of 3a and steep slope 14
The airflow Cxb flowing along the shape of a is dispersed.

As a result, the air flow Cxb flowing along the shape of the steeply inclined surface 14a is directed in the vertical direction when the fire detector 10 is installed. Here, as described above, the steeply inclined surface 14a has a steeper inclination angle, and the closer to the central portion (the crown 11a) of the upper cover 11, the higher the rising height (protruding amount) becomes. From the above, the air flow Cx blown onto the steeply inclined surface 14a and the air flow Cxb flowing thereafter along the shape of the steeply inclined surface 14a are the inclined curved surface 1
Since it becomes difficult to get over to the 3a side, the airflow Cxa that goes over the steeply inclined surface 14a and moves forward, and flows along the shape of the inclined curved surface 13a is significantly reduced, and the airflow Cxa is also reduced.
Substances that cause dirt contained in are significantly reduced. Further, since the airflow Cxa that has reached the inclined curved surface 13a after getting over the steeply inclined surface 14a is dispersed in the forward direction and the vertical direction (airflow Cxc) along the curved surface shape of the inclined curved surface 13a, the airflow Cxa is distributed to the crown 11a. The dirt-causing substance contained in the air flow Cxa becomes more diluted as it advances in the direction.

In the air flow C, the air flow Cy in the upper layer (inside the tunnel) of the air flow Cx is steeply inclined surface 14a.
Than the inclined curved surface 13 protruding toward the inside of the tunnel
By spraying on a and then flowing along the shape of the inclined curved surface 13a, it is dispersed in the forward direction and the vertical direction. Here, of the airflow Cx, the airflow Cxa that moves forward over the steep slope 14a, and the airflow Cy that blows on the inclined curved surface 13a, the airflow Cya that directly blows on the inclined curved surface 13a and moves forward are shown in FIG. As shown in
The airflow Cz in the upper layer (in the front direction of the fire detector 10) is pushed up, and while suppressing direct blowing to the inclined curved surface 13a, the airflow Cz passes above the translucent window 16a along the shape of the inclined curved surface 13a. Reach the apex 11a.

Of the airflow Cx, the inclined surface 1 of the airflow Cxc and the airflow Cy which have surpassed the steeply inclined surface 14a to reach the inclined curved surface 13a and further proceed in the vertical direction.
The airflow Cyb, which is blown onto the 3a and is dispersed in the vertical direction, is directed to the outside of the upper cover 11 (fire detector 10) along the shape of the inclined curved surface 13a. On the other hand, the inclined curved surface 13b is
Due to the protrusion of the inclined curved surface 13a, the inclined curved surface 13a is located on the shadow (dead zone) side with respect to the air flow C, and the direct blowing of the air flow C is always suppressed. Further, a test light transmissive window 18a provided on the lower surface side of the test light source storage section 19,
Since 18b is arranged parallel to the airflow C (Cx, Cy, Cz), the direct blowing of the airflow C is always suppressed.

Therefore, according to the fire detector having the structure of the upper cover 11 as shown in this embodiment, the contaminant causing substances flying along with the air flow C generated in the tunnel are on the upstream side of the inclined curved surface 13a. The inclined curved surface 13 of the airflow in which a part thereof adheres directly to the steeply inclined surface 14a provided at the peripheral portion and the contaminant-causing substance is reduced
The airflow reaching the a side and the airflow blown onto the inclined curved surface 13a and flowing along the shape of the inclined curved surface 13a are further moved in the forward direction (the crown 11a direction) and the vertical direction along the shape of the inclined curved surface 13a. Since they flow in a dispersed manner, the contaminant-causing substances contained in the airflow reaching the translucent window 16a can be significantly reduced.

Particularly, an inclined curved surface 13a having a small inclination angle and a steeply inclined surface 14a having a large inclination angle are continuously formed and arranged on the upstream side of the light-transmitting window 16a in the air flow direction. By setting the inclination angle of the translucent window 16a to be small (generally 5 ° to 30 °), it is possible to disperse the airflow and reduce the substances causing stains on the upstream side of the airflow. Since it is possible to reduce the air flow reaching 16a and suppress the direct blowing of the air flow, it is possible to significantly reduce the collision and adhesion of the stain-causing substance to the translucent window 16a.

Further, the test light transmitting windows 18a and 18b are
In the installed state, on the lower surface side of the test light source storage unit 19,
Moreover, by providing the tunnel light in parallel with the inner wall surface of the tunnel, the adhesion of the stain-causing substance to the test light transmitting windows 18a, 18b is significantly suppressed, and the test light transmitting windows 18a, 18b.
After the influence of dirt on the window is made extremely small, the translucent window 16
It is possible to employ a method of detecting the dirt state of a and 16b and compensating for the decrease in the detection sensitivity of the fire detector 10.

Further, substantially the entire area of the upper cover 11 is formed in a convex shape by a smooth surface (flat surface, curved surface, etc.) having no unevenness, and in addition, the transparent windows 16a and 16b and the test-light transparent window 18a. , 18b are attached and fixed to the surface forming the upper cover 11 so as to be a continuous surface (flush) with substantially no gap, so that the translucent windows 16a, 16b and the test light transmissive property are provided. Adhesion of dirt to the windows 18a and 18b is significantly suppressed, and cleaning work for cleaning the translucent windows 16a and 16b and the test translucent windows 18a and 18b can be performed easily and satisfactorily. it can.

Further, with the fire detector having such a configuration, the pair of operation confirmation lights 31c for displaying the operation state of the fire detector 10 can be seen from the outside through the translucent windows 16a and 16b ( Since it is located at a position where it can be visually recognized, it is not necessary to separately provide gloves for accommodating the operation confirmation light, and the structure of the fire detector can be simplified and the number of parts can be reduced. In addition, as described above, since the transparent and flat sapphire glass is applied as the translucent windows 16a and 16b, and since the translucent windows have a structure in which dirt is unlikely to adhere, the fire detector The light emitted from the operation confirmation lamp 31c arranged inside can be satisfactorily transmitted so that it can be easily visually recognized from the outside, and maintenance and management work at the installation site of the fire detector can be performed reliably and easily. .

Further, the test light source storage portion 19 including the test light sources 17a and 17b and the test light transmitting windows 18a and 18b.
However, when the fire detector 10 is installed, the translucent window 16
Since they are arranged completely above the height positions of a and 16b, the inclined curved surfaces 13a and 13b and the translucent window 16a,
The airflow blown onto the 16b can be made to flow along the inclined curved surfaces 13a and 13b, the airflow blown onto the translucent windows 16a and 16b is not disturbed, and the translucent windows 16a and 16b
Adhesion of dirt to b can be suppressed.

[0075]

As described above, according to the present invention,
In the fire detector that sets the detection area with the detection sensor and detects the fire in the tunnel, the translucent window provided in front of the detection sensor that monitors the longitudinal direction of the tunnel is
It is arranged with an inclination angle in the range of 5 ° to 30 ° with respect to the inner wall surface of the tunnel, and is located in the vicinity of the detection sensor in the light transmissive window, and from the outside through the light transmissive window. By arranging an operation confirmation light that displays the operating status of the fire detector at a position where it can be recognized by the direct detection of the air flow to the translucent window provided in front of the detection sensor. Since it is possible to suppress the spraying and suppress the adhesion of dirt to the translucent window, it is possible to maintain the fire monitoring function of the fire detector satisfactorily for a long period of time.
It is possible to suppress deterioration of the visibility of the operation confirmation lamp arranged in the translucent window with respect to the display as much as possible, and to obtain sufficient visibility from the outside for a long period of time. Therefore, the period for cleaning the fire detector can be significantly lengthened.

Further, since the transparent window and the test light transparent window are made of transparent and flat infrared transparent glass , complicated manufacturing steps such as molding and vapor deposition are required when manufacturing the transparent window. In addition to being able to be manufactured at low cost by simple processing, it is possible to properly transmit light including infrared rays and realize an appropriate fire detection function, and improve the visibility of the operation confirmation lamp. It is possible to reliably and easily confirm the operating state of the fire detector associated with maintenance and management work .

The translucent window is arranged with an inclination angle in the range of 5 ° to 30 ° with respect to the installation surface of the fire detector, and is continuous and smooth with respect to the inclined surface. Since the surface is configured, it is possible to significantly suppress the adhesion of dirt due to the air flow blowing on the fire detector,
By cleaning the front surface of the fire detector including the light-transmissive window along a smooth surface without unevenness, dirt can be easily and satisfactorily removed, and the cleaning operation can be efficiently performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a fire detector according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a sensor module applied to the fire detector according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the installation state of the fire detector according to the present embodiment inside the tunnel and the spread of the detection area.

FIG. 4 is a detail view of a main part showing a configuration example of a translucent window and a test light translucent window applied to the fire detector according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the shape of the inclined curved surface and the steeply inclined surface applied to the fire detector according to the present embodiment and the air flow.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a tunnel facility for a vehicle.

FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional fire detector for a tunnel.

FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram showing an arrangement form of a fire detector for a tunnel in a conventional technique and a setting state of a monitoring area (detection area).

FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram showing a relationship between a fire detector for a tunnel and an air flow generated in the tunnel in the related art.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Fire detector 11 Top cover 11a crown 12 Main circuit board 13a, 13b inclined curved surface 15, 15a, 15b Sensor module 16a, 16b translucent window 17a, 17b Test light source 18a, 18b Test translucent window 19 Test light source storage 31a, 31b Detection sensor 31c Operation confirmation light

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Yoshimi Kawabata, 2-1043 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo Within Hochiki Co., Ltd. (72) Isao Asano 2--1043, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo Hochiki Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Masahiko Nemoto 2-1043 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo Hochiki Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-2000-215363 (JP, A) JP-A-2001-118166 ( JP, A) JP 2000-215362 (JP, A) JP 61-246897 (JP, A) Fukukaihei 4-114699 (JP, U) Applied Spectroscopy Handbook, Japan, Asakura Shoten, November 1973. 25th, First edition, 250-251 (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01J 1/02-1/04 G01J 1/42 G08B 17/00 G08B 17/12

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A detection sensor for converting light energy into an electric signal is provided.
A fire detector that sets a three-dimensional detection area and is installed in a tunnel to detect a fire in the tunnel. An inclination formed in a curved surface with a predetermined radius of curvature in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. An upper cover having a curved surface and a flat light-transmissive window are provided on the upper cover in correspondence with at least the front surface of the detection sensor for monitoring the upstream side of the air flow generated in the tunnel. A fire detector characterized in that it is arranged with an inclination angle in the range of 5 ° to 30 ° with respect to the inner wall surface of the tunnel, and an operation confirmation lamp is arranged in the vicinity of the detection sensor. 2. An independent three-dimensional detection area is set for each.
The detection sensor in the left-right direction so that
Each of the detection sensors is arranged on the upper cover.
The translucent windows are provided separately corresponding to the front surface of the
The fire detector according to claim 1, wherein 3. A test light source for projecting test light to the detection sensor, and a test light transmissive window for transmitting the test light, wherein the test light transmissive window is the detection sensor. Corresponding to the inclination angle of the translucent window provided corresponding to
The fire detector according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the fire detector is arranged at an inclination angle equivalent to that of the translucent window or arranged substantially parallel to the inner wall surface of the tunnel. 4. The fire detector according to claim 1, wherein at least the light-transmissive window and the test light-transmissive window are made of transparent and flat infrared transparent glass. . 5. The fire detector according to claim 4, wherein the infrared transmissive glass forming the translucent window and the test translucent window is formed in a circular shape or a rectangular shape.