JP6274480B2 - Smoke prevention equipment - Google Patents

Description

  This invention divides the internal space of a building or the like in the event of a fire and divides it into a fire compartment with a fire occurrence location and a non-fire division with no fire occurrence location, and smoke is diffused from the fire division to the non-fire division. It relates to smoke prevention equipment.

  Conventionally, in order to prevent the spread of fire and the spread of smoke against fires that occurred inside buildings, etc., the space where the fire occurred is partitioned by a fire door, etc. In general, it is classified into a non-fire zone (evacuation zone) that has no fire.

  And it is proposed to use a smoke-proof curtain (also referred to as a smoke-proof screen) that is easy to pass when a person evacuates and prevents the diffusion of smoke instead of a fire door (see Patent Document 1). . However, in the case of fire doors and smoke curtains, if an obstacle is placed in the closed position, it cannot be completely closed, and smoke will leak out from the gap between the floor and the obstacle. It will spread to the non-fire compartment.

  On the other hand, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-313753 (Patent Document 2), although it relates to equipment provided for a tunnel-shaped structure or the like, smoke is emitted by a water curtain formed by spraying water from a spray head. A technique for flushing and dividing a target space into a plurality of compartments to thereby prevent fire and smoke is disclosed.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 60-071234 JP 2004-313753 A

  If the water curtain technology described in Patent Document 2 is used in place of the fire door and smoke curtain, water is not generated even when an obstacle is placed at the position where the water curtain is formed. It is possible to form a curtain.

  However, even if the water curtain technology is used, smoke particles having a particle size in submicron units, which is much smaller than water particles, can easily pass through the water curtain. The effect of washing off the smoke is actually low. Also, since the water discharged from the spray head is sprayed while drawing in the smoke, the smoke is diffused by the spray, and even if the water curtain is formed, the smoke passes over the water curtain and the non-fire compartment side Will spread.

  That is, in the conventional smoke-proof curtains and water curtains, there is a problem that smoke diffuses to the non-fire compartment side even if it is attempted to classify the fire compartment and the non-fire compartment.

  In view of the above circumstances, the present invention distinguishes between a fire zone and a non-fire zone that is easy to pass when a person evacuates and is not affected by the presence of an obstacle at the closed position. It aims at providing the smoke prevention equipment which can prevent spreading to the fire division side.

(1) The smoke-proof equipment of this invention partitions the space in the building in the event of a fire, and divides it into a fire zone with a fire occurrence location and a non-fire zone with no fire occurrence location. Smoke prevention equipment that prevents smoke from diffusing, and forms a water film by dripping walls and spraying water, and when the water film is formed, a downdraft is generated by entraining the surrounding air. water curtain forming means acting also as a means, the downdraft generated by the water film forming means, based on the Coanda effect by a flap having an airfoil cross-sectional shape is deflected to the fire compartment-side and air flow deflecting means to push back the smoke It is characterized by providing.
(2) In addition, the smoke-proof equipment according to the present invention partitions the space in the building in the event of a fire, and divides it into a fire zone with a fire spot and a non-fire zone without a fire spot. A smoke prevention device for preventing smoke from diffusing into a fire compartment, wherein a drooping wall, a water curtain forming means, and an air flow generated by the water curtain forming means fires based on a Coanda effect by a flap having a blade cross-sectional shape. An airflow deflecting unit that deflects the smoke toward the compartment side and pushes the smoke back, and the airflow deflecting unit is a flap having a blade cross-sectional shape provided on both sides of the drooping wall, and having the blade cross-sectional shape. Two flaps that have a suction gap between the front edge and the ceiling surface and are curved in a direction away from the drooping wall toward the lower end that is the rear edge of the blade cross-sectional shape It is characterized by being.
(3) Further, in the smoke-proof equipment of the present invention, in (1) to (2), the flap is normally stored on the ceiling surface and controlled to expand downward when a fire occurs. It is characterized by.
(4) In addition, the smoke-proof equipment of the present invention partitions the space in the building in the event of a fire, and divides it into a fire compartment with a fire occurrence location and a non-fire zone without a fire occurrence location. A smoke prevention device for preventing smoke from diffusing into a fire compartment, wherein a drooping wall, a water curtain forming means, and an air flow generated by the water curtain forming means fires based on a Coanda effect by a flap having a blade cross-sectional shape. Airflow deflecting means that deflects smoke toward the compartment and pushes back smoke, and the water curtain forming means sprays water in a fan-shaped spray pattern in a substantially vertical direction from the ceiling surface to the floor surface in the event of a fire. The spray patterns are provided at predetermined intervals so as to overlap each other to form a water curtain, and only one row is provided inside the hanging wall.

According to the configuration described in (1), the event of a fire, smoke layer flowing along the ceiling surface is dammed by hanging wall, downdraft from downdraft generating means that by the water curtain forming means, the flap Since the airflow deflecting means based on the Coanda effect is used to deflect the smoke back to the fire compartment side, it is possible to prevent the smoke from diffusing into the non-fire compartment.

Further, according to the configuration described in (2) above , the descending airflow sucks the smoke layer from the gap between the flap and the ceiling surface, flows along the flap surface, and is deflected in a direction away from the water curtain forming means. So smoke can be pushed back to the fire compartment.

Moreover, according to the structure as described in said (3) , since a flap is normally stored in a ceiling surface, it does not become a traffic obstruction and an appearance is not impaired.

Further, according to the configuration described in (4) above , the spray heads are provided in the hanging wall, so that the aesthetic appearance is not impaired, and since the spray heads are arranged in one row, the row of heads that spray water in the event of a fire is provided. The control to select becomes unnecessary.

It is the figure which showed the structure of the smoke prevention equipment which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention by the side view. It is the figure which showed the structure of the smoke prevention equipment which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention by the front view. It is the figure which showed the structure of the smoke protection equipment which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention by the side view.

[Embodiment 1]
The smoke prevention equipment according to the present embodiment will be described based on FIGS. The smoke prevention equipment 1-1 is provided in a building or the like, forms a water curtain WC by water curtain forming means, partitions the space to be smoke protected, and does not generate a fire with the fire section R1 on the fire occurrence side. It is divided into the non-fire section (evacuation section) R2 on which people are evacuated, and the flow of smoke from the fire section R1 to the non-fire section R2 is blocked by the water curtain WC. It is intended to prevent diffusion.

  A ceiling wall C of a building or the like is provided with a hanging wall 2 that hangs down from the ceiling surface C. The hanging wall 2 is a plate-like body whose upper end is closed in contact with the ceiling surface C and both side surfaces are in contact with the wall surface W, and whose lower end is suspended to a predetermined height. In general, such a hanging wall 2 is provided on the ceiling of a building or the like for smoke prevention, and has a function of blocking the smoke layer A1 flowing along the ceiling surface C by a thermal airflow caused by a fire. This also works in the same manner. A gap 5 for inhaling smoke is provided above the flaps 3-1 and 3-2, which will be described later. By the presence of this hanging wall 2, smoke flows into the non-fire compartment R 2 side through the gap 5. Can be prevented. The drooping wall 2 may be housed and provided on the ceiling surface C, and may be controlled to droop when a fire occurs.

  By the way, when the fire expands and the thickness of the smoke layer A1 increases, or when the distance from the fire source is far and the smoke layer A1 loses heat and is separated from the ceiling surface C, the smoke layer A1 droops. It flows into the non-fire section A2 over the hanging wall 2 at a height lower than the lower end of the wall 2.

  Therefore, the smoke prevention equipment 1-1 includes water curtain forming means for forming the water curtain WC, and airflow deflecting means for deflecting the flow of smoke, and attempts to flow from the fire compartment R1 side to the non-fire compartment R2 side. The flow of the smoke layer A1 was deflected and pushed back to the fire compartment R1 side.

  First, the water curtain forming means for forming the water curtain WC will be described.

  The smoke-proof equipment 1-1 serves as a water curtain forming means for forming the water curtain WC when a fire occurs, and a plurality of sprays spraying water in a fan-shaped spray pattern in a substantially vertical direction from the ceiling surface C side to the floor surface F. Heads 4-1 and 4-2 are provided. A plurality of spray heads 4-1 and 4-2 are provided at predetermined intervals so that the spray patterns overlap each other to form the water curtain WC. The plurality of spray heads 4-1 and 4-2 are provided in two rows between the drooping wall 2 and two flaps 3-1 and 3-2 described later provided on both sides of the dripping wall 2. .

  Here, for convenience of explanation, one side of the smoke-proof facility 1-1 is defined as a fire zone R1 (left side in FIG. 1), and the other side is defined as a non-fire zone R2 (right side in FIG. 1). Further, a plurality of spray heads arranged in a straight line at predetermined intervals between the flap 3-1 on the fire section R1 side and the drooping wall 2 are dripped with the spray head 4-1 and the flap 3-2 on the non-fire section R2 side. A plurality of spray head arrays provided on the straight line at a predetermined interval between the wall 2 and the wall 2 is referred to as a spray head 4-2.

  When a fire occurs, water is sprayed in a substantially vertical direction from the ceiling surface C side to the floor surface F from the spraying head 4-1 on the fire direction side of the drooping wall 2, that is, the fire section R <b> 1 side. And water is sprayed with the fan-shaped spray pattern extended in the direction of the other adjacent spray head, and the spray pattern from these several spray heads 4-1 mutually overlaps, and forms the water curtain WC. In addition, what is necessary is just to spray water similarly from the spray head 4-2 by the side of division R2, when a fire outbreak is the reverse division side. In this case, since the left and right are simply interchanged in FIG. If the capacity of the water source is not a problem, water may be sprayed from both the spray heads 4-1 and 4-2.

  In addition, in order to control so that water may be sprayed only from the spray head 4-1 on the fire section R1 side, the ceiling surface on the side that is in the immediate vicinity of the flaps 3-1 and 3-2 described later and is separated from the hanging wall 2 Two smoke detectors D1 and D2 may be provided in C, and control may be performed so that water is sprayed only on the row of spray heads on the smoke sensor D1 and D2 side where smoke is detected.

  The water curtain WC itself formed in this way also has some effect of adsorbing and washing the smoke particles. However, as described in the problem to be solved, smoke particles having a submicron particle size that is much smaller than water particles of water curtain WC can easily pass through water curtain WC. Therefore, the effect of washing off smoke by the water curtain WC is extremely limited. Further, since the smoke is diffused by the water spray, it is not possible to prevent the smoke from diffusing toward the non-fire section R2 only by the water curtain WC.

  Next, airflow deflecting means for pushing smoke back to the fire section R1 will be described.

  As described above, since smoke easily passes through the water curtain WC, the smoke-proof equipment 1-1 of the present embodiment causes the smoke layer A1 that pushes along the ceiling surface C from the fire compartment R1 side to the fire compartment R1. Airflow deflecting means for pushing back to the side is provided.

  The airflow deflecting means are flaps 3-1 and 3-2, which are plate-like bodies having a blade cross-sectional shape provided on both sides of the drooping wall 2, and these are attached to the spray heads 4-1 and 4-2. In contrast, it is provided on the side away from the hanging wall 2. Here, for convenience of explanation, the spray head 4-1 side is defined as a flap 3-1, and the spray head 4-2 side is defined as a flap 3-2.

  In the flaps 3-1 and 3-2, one end which is a front edge portion of the blade cross-sectional shape faces the upper ceiling surface C side, and the other end which is the rear edge portion of the blade cross-sectional shape faces the lower floor surface F side. In addition, it is provided so as to curve in a direction away from the drooping wall 2 from the front edge portion to the rear edge portion of the blade cross-sectional shape. And the upper end part (the front edge part of the blade cross-sectional shape) is provided apart from the ceiling surface C so as to have a suction gap 5 between the ceiling surface C, and at least at two locations on both ends thereof. A support column projecting from the upper end side (the leading edge side of the blade cross-sectional shape) is provided, and the support column penetrates and is fixed to the ceiling surface C.

  On the other hand, when the water curtain forming means sprays water to form the water curtain WC, the surrounding air is entrained and a descending airflow is generated. In other words, a downdraft is generated by the water curtain forming means.

  When a fire occurs, water is sprayed from the spray head 4-1 on the fire section R1 side to form a water curtain WC. This descending airflow is generated at the upper end, which is the front edge of the blade section shape of the flap 3-1. The smoke layer A1 is sucked from the suction gap 5 with the ceiling surface C, and flows along the surface of the flap 3-1 on the drooping wall 2 side by the Coanda effect. And the smoke flowing along the surface of the wing cross-sectional shape of the flap 3-1 on the side of the drooping wall 2 is curved in a direction in which the trailing edge of the wing cross-sectional shape is separated from the drooping wall 2, and thus deflected to the fire compartment R1 side. Is done. That is, the smoke layer A1 is pushed back to the fire section R1 side by the airflow A2 deflected to the fire section R1 side by the flap 3-1 which is an airflow deflecting means.

Here, even if the smoke layer A1 is separated from the ceiling surface C and is not sucked from the gap 5, the smoke is pushed back to the fire section R1 side by the airflow A2 sucked from the gap 5 and deflected to the fire section R1 side. It will be.
[Embodiment 2]
This embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same structure as Embodiment 1, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The present embodiment is a smoke-proof facility that operates on the same principle as that of the first embodiment, and shows a modification thereof.

  In the present embodiment, instead of the fixed flaps 3-1 and 3-2 described in the first embodiment, it is normally stored in the ceiling surface C, and is hung from the ceiling surface C when a fire breaks out. Movable flaps 30-1 and 30-2 are provided. If a storage space in which the flaps 30-1 and 30-2 can be embedded is provided on the ceiling surface C, the flat ceiling surface does not protrude from the ceiling surface C when the flaps 30-1 and 30-2 are projected. C can be formed. By doing in this way, the beauty | look of the ceiling surface C can be maintained. Moreover, when moving with a long object, it can prevent that this collides with the flaps 30-1 and 30-2, and can prevent it from becoming a traffic obstacle. Further, by preventing such a collision, the flaps 30-1 and 30-2 can be prevented from being damaged.

  The flaps 30-1 and 30-2 may be deployed at the same time in conjunction with the fire alarm of the automatic fire alarm facility installed in the building when a fire occurs, or the smoke used in the first embodiment. Sensors D1 and D2 may be used, and only the smoke-detected side of these two smoke detectors may be deployed. Further, the deployed flaps 30-1 and 30-2 operate in the same manner as the flaps 3-1 and 3-2 shown in the first embodiment, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  Further, the water curtain forming means of the present embodiment is composed of a plurality of spray heads 4 provided in only one row inside the hanging wall 20 formed of two layers of plates. As in the first embodiment, the spray head 4 sprays water in a fan-shaped spray pattern in a substantially vertical direction from the ceiling surface C side to the floor surface F in the event of a fire, and the spray patterns overlap each other. It is provided at predetermined intervals so as to form a water curtain.

  By comprising in this way, since the spray head 4 is provided hidden in the drooping wall 20, an aesthetic appearance is not impaired. Further, since the spray heads 4 are arranged in one row, it becomes unnecessary to select a row of heads that spray water when a fire occurs.

  The airflow deflecting means using the retractable flap and the water curtain forming means arranged in a row in the hanging wall can be applied to the first embodiment individually.

1-1, 1-2 Smoke prevention equipment, 2, 20 Hanging wall,
3-1, 3-2, 30-1, 30-2 flaps,
4, 4-1, 4-2 spray head, 5 gap,
D1, D2 Smoke detector, C ceiling surface, F floor surface, W wall surface, WC water curtain,
R1 fire compartment, R2 non-fire compartment

Claims (4)

In the event of a fire, the space inside the building is divided into a fire zone with a fire spot and a non-fire zone without a fire spot to prevent smoke from spreading from the fire zone to the non-fire zone Equipment,
A hanging wall,
A water curtain forming means that forms a water film by spraying water, and acts as a descending airflow generating means that entrains the surrounding air and generates a descending airflow when the water film is formed ,
The downdraft created by the water film forming means, smoke equipment characterized in that it comprises, based on the Coanda effect by a flap having an airfoil cross-sectional shape is deflected to the fire compartment-side and air flow deflecting means for pushing back the smoke. In the event of a fire, the space inside the building is divided into a fire zone with a fire spot and a non-fire zone without a fire spot to prevent smoke from spreading from the fire zone to the non-fire zone Equipment,
A drooping wall, water curtain forming means, and air current deflecting means for deflecting the air flow generated by the water curtain forming means to the fire compartment side based on the Coanda effect by the flap having the blade cross-sectional shape and pushing back the smoke,
The airflow deflecting means is a flap having a blade cross-sectional shape provided on both sides along the hanging wall, and has a suction gap between a front edge of the blade cross-sectional shape and a ceiling surface. The smoke-proof equipment is characterized in that it is two flaps that are provided curved in a direction away from the drooping wall toward the lower end side that is the rear edge of the blade cross-sectional shape.   The smoke-proof equipment according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the flap is stored on a ceiling surface in a normal state and is controlled to expand downward when a fire occurs. In the event of a fire, the space inside the building is divided into a fire zone with a fire spot and a non-fire zone without a fire spot to prevent smoke from spreading from the fire zone to the non-fire zone Equipment,
A drooping wall, water curtain forming means, and air current deflecting means for deflecting the air flow generated by the water curtain forming means to the fire compartment side based on the Coanda effect by the flap having the blade cross-sectional shape and pushing back the smoke,
The water curtain forming means sprays water in a fan-shaped spray pattern in a substantially vertical direction from the ceiling surface to the floor surface in the event of a fire, and the spray patterns overlap with each other to form a water curtain. The smoke proofing apparatus is provided with a single line inside the hanging wall.