JP4617815B2 - Tunnel fire spread prevention device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fire spread prevention device for a tunnel, and more particularly to a structure in which a fire source in a tunnel can be partitioned from other locations without hindering movement of a vehicle passing through the tunnel.

In the event that a fire occurs due to an accident in a road tunnel, a watering method has been proposed as a measure to prevent the spread of fire. This watering method is a method of reducing smoke and radiant heat by spraying fine water particles, but this watering method has the following technical problems.
(1) The sprinkled water evaporates due to heat at the time of fire, and the visibility is hindered by the full water vapor.
(2) There is a possibility that liquid fuel such as gasoline leaking from the vehicle may be diffused by the sprinkled water.
(3) In a tunnel fire, the duration of the fire tends to be long. However, since it is necessary to continue watering during the fire, there is a large amount of water sprayed, and the capacity of the tank for storing water, The fire extinguishing system that accompanies is extremely large.

On the other hand, it is the most effective method to divide the tunnel main pit and form a fire prevention section for suppressing the fire scale.
First, the partition device of Patent Document 1 partitions a tunnel space along its length direction, detects a fire at the boundary of each partition, descends into the tunnel, and passes through the tunnel for each partition. A nonflammable wall member is installed.
Moreover, in the fire extinguishing method and fire extinguishing equipment of the tunnel described in Patent Document 2, a water curtain is used as a means for shutting off, and the fire occurrence point partitioned by this is extinguished with a powder fire extinguisher. is there.
JP-A-9-271526 JP 2003-746 A

  However, in the apparatus of Patent Document 1, when the wall member descends during traveling of the vehicle, the traveling vehicle may collide with it. Moreover, in the method of patent document 2, since a partition wall is formed by watering, the subject of said (1) and (2) still arises.

  The present invention solves such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fire spread prevention device for a tunnel that allows a vehicle to pass even when the inside of the tunnel is partitioned by a fire wall due to a fire.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a canopy shape having a cross section corresponding to the inner wall of the tunnel ceiling, a predetermined length of an opening / closing unit, one end fixed to the ceiling of the tunnel, and a suspended tunnel A plurality of partition curtains made of a flexible fireproof cloth constituting a fire wall that partitions the longitudinal direction of the door, and a carriage that can run on a road surface is provided at a lower part of the opening and closing unit. The partition screens are installed on the top surface of the canopy of the opening / closing unit at a fixed position of the opening and closing the passage in the tunnel, and the carriage moves from the fixed position on the road surface, so that the partition screens are suspended from the ceiling surface. The tunnel passage is partitioned.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, a plurality of sets of the opening / closing unit and the partition curtain are arranged at appropriate intervals in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel so as to partition the front and rear of the fire source in the tunnel from other locations. It is characterized by this.

  A third aspect of the present invention is the method according to the first or second aspect, wherein the fixed ends of the adjacent partition curtains are shifted to the front and rear of the ceiling of the tunnel, and the partition curtains are suspended in the width direction. It is characterized by that.

  The invention of claim 4 is characterized in that, in any one of claims 1 to 3, in the vicinity of a section partitioned by a partition curtain, an opening for exhausting smoke is provided on the inner wall surface of the tunnel. is there.

  As described above, in the present invention, when the occurrence of a fire is detected, the opening / closing unit immediately moves from the fixed position, and accordingly the partition curtain is suspended from the tunnel ceiling surface to form a fire barrier. Since the partition curtain is flexible and individually lightweight, even if the vehicle is close to the fire generation source, the partition curtain can be retracted while being pushed away, so that it is possible to prevent burning from the fire generation source.

  In the invention according to claim 2, when a fire is generated near the center of the tunnel having a long tunnel length, the fire generation source can be changed to the other area by dividing only the fire occurrence area from the other areas. Can be separated from the compartment.

  In the invention of claim 3, the fire wall can be formed without a gap in a state where the partition curtain is suspended.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to prevent the diffusion of smoke at the initial stage of the fire, to maintain a good visibility, and to quickly perform the fire extinguishing activity thereafter.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the present invention.

  In the figure, a plurality of partition curtains 3 having one end fixed to the ceiling portion and the other end side being a free end are arranged at the ceiling fire prevention section position in the road tunnel 1 having an arch-shaped cross section with the road surface 2 at the bottom. Yes. In the normal state, each partition curtain 3 is held substantially parallel to the canopy portion of the opening / closing unit 4 disposed immediately below the partition curtain 3 so that the vehicle 5 can pass therethrough.

  The partition curtain 3 is composed of a flexible and fire-resistant cloth made of a material such as silica cloth, and its fixed end 3a is slightly shifted back and forth between adjacent partition curtains 3 and overlapped in the width direction. It is arranged in the state.

  The opening / closing unit 4 has a substantially semicircular arc-like cross section similar to the cross section of the tunnel 1, and a carriage 6 capable of traveling on the road surface 2 is disposed on both the front and rear sides of the lower portion of the open / close unit 4. As a result of receiving the output of the fire detection sensor not moving and moving as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 1, the partition curtains 3 installed on the canopy part are relatively extended and suspended at the eaves end of the canopy part. Is provided with a roller 7 for smoothly feeding and guiding each partition 3.

  Therefore, when the partition curtain 3 is suspended from the ceiling portion to the road surface 2 as shown in FIG. 2 by the movement of the opening / closing unit 4, the adjacent partition curtains 3 are suspended in a state where they are overlapped in the front and rear directions. An integral fire wall 8 is formed, and the inside of the tunnel 1 is partitioned air-tightly in the front-rear direction by the fire wall 8.

  Since each of the above partition curtains 3 is a lightweight and flexible material, as shown in FIG. 2, the vehicle 5 traveling on the road surface 2 even after the fire barrier 8 is formed pushes the partition curtains 3 to prevent fire. It can move inside and outside the section partitioned by the wall 8.

  The carriage 6 is normally locked at a fixed position in FIG. 1 and holds the partition curtain 3 on the top surface of the canopy of the opening / closing unit 4. When the occurrence of a fire is detected, the lock is released and moved by the appropriate power mechanism in the direction of the arrow, and stops at the position where the partition curtain 3 is suspended and partitioned. As the power mechanism, for example, a downward slope may be formed in the direction of the arrow so that only the lock is engaged and moved by natural inertia, or spring pressure or the like may be used. Furthermore, motor power may be used. In the case of the two previous methods, when returning to the current position, it is returned to the original position by towing by a towing vehicle or the like. In the case of motor power, the movement may be performed by forward and reverse rotation.

  Further, a vertical wall 9 for smoke prevention is disposed on the rear ceiling surface of the opening / closing unit 4. It is desirable to provide a cross-flow ventilation type smoke exhaust opening on the inner wall surface of the tunnel 1 in the vicinity of the retracted position of the opening / closing unit 4. As shown in FIG. 3, the hanging wall 9 is preferably used also as a large electric bulletin board, and a flashlight 10 is disposed below the hanging wall 9. Along with the display, the flashlight 10 is turned on to notify the driver of an emergency. As other display variations, it is possible to change the display to “Future traffic congestion: caution” as shown in FIG. 4A, or “Fast traffic accident: caution” as shown in FIG. 4B. In addition, when the flashlight 10 is turned on, the driver can be alerted.

  When the length of the tunnel 1 described above is long, the set of the opening / closing unit 4 and the partition curtain 3 is arranged at a plurality of locations in the longitudinal direction in the tunnel, and before and after the fire source in the tunnel from other locations. By partitioning, the fire source can be isolated from other compartments in the smallest compartment.

  Next, the operation when a fire occurs in the above configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. In this example, it is assumed that the above-described cross-flow ventilation type smoke exhaust opening 11 is provided on the inner wall surface of the tunnel 1 in the vicinity of the retracted position of the opening / closing unit 4.

  In (a), a fire has occurred in the rearmost vehicle 5 ′ in the vicinity of the section among a plurality of vehicles 5 traveling at a predetermined inter-vehicle distance, and the smoke has drifted to the ceiling of the tunnel 1. The driver who noticed this fire stopped the vehicle.

  And if a fire detection sensor detects with this heat and smoke, the opening-and-closing unit 6 will reverse | retreat to the arrow direction by this detection output, Thereby, as shown in (b), the partition curtain 3 is suspended. In (b), since the leading vehicle 5 in the vehicle train is outside the range partitioned by the partition curtain 3, it can be kept away from the fire site while maintaining its traveling speed. Further, as shown in (c), the suspended partition curtain 3 is in contact with the roof of the vehicle 5 in the second row. You can evacuate outside.

  Further, the vehicles 5 in the third row can be broken through in the same manner, and as shown in FIG. 4D, after the fire wall 8 is formed, only the fire-occurring vehicle 5 ′ is left in the section partitioned by the fire wall 8. Passenger passengers who get off from the fire-occurring vehicle 5 'can also evacuate outside the section on foot by pushing the partition 3 in the same manner.

  During the series of steps described above, the electric light display and flashlight 10 provided on the hanging wall 9 are turned on to warn the fired vehicle 5 'that a fire has occurred and call attention. Further, the ventilation function acts to suck the smoke generated through the smoke exhaust opening 11 to lower the temperature, and at the same time, an initial fire extinguishing action is performed by a sprinkler or the like.

  Further, even when an explosive fire occurs, the partition curtain 3 can be deflected by the blast and discharged outside the tunnel, so that decisive internal destruction due to explosion pressure can be prevented.

  When the tunnel 1 is long, the above opening / closing unit 4 and the partition curtain 3 are arranged at a plurality of locations in the longitudinal direction in the tunnel 1 so that only the front and rear of the fire-occurring vehicle 5 ′ in the tunnel 1 are arranged. Can be partitioned from other locations, thereby further limiting the range of fire occurrence and the range of exhaust and fire extinguishing operations.

  FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the same portions as those in the first embodiment will be described using the same reference numerals. In the figure, an axial exhaust type fan 20 is provided at the ceiling of the tunnel 1, and as shown in (a), due to the occurrence of a fire, the partition 3 is lowered by the movement of the opening / closing unit 4, and (b ), A fire wall 8 is formed. At the same time, the fan 20 is rotationally driven so that the smoke generated from the fire-occurring vehicle 5 ′ is converged on the fan 20 and exhausted downstream.

  Generally, a plurality of fans 20 for exhaust gas discharge are provided in the road tunnel 1, and the exhaust gas is routed through each fan 20 and exhausted sequentially from the downstream opening of the tunnel. Therefore, the smoke generated by the fire does not stay in the tunnel, so that the prospect at the time of fire can be sufficiently secured.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the case where the present invention is applied to a tunnel with an arch-shaped cross section has been shown.

It is a sectional side view which shows the fire spread prevention apparatus of the tunnel by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a front sectional view in the AA line of FIG. It is sectional drawing in the B arrow view of FIG. (A), (b) is explanatory drawing which shows the display variation in FIG. (A)-(d) is operation | movement explanatory drawing at the time of the fire outbreak in the embodiment. (A), (b) is operation | movement explanatory drawing at the time of the fire outbreak in 2nd Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tunnel 2 Road surface 3 Partition curtain 4 Opening and closing unit 5,5 'vehicle (5' fire outbreak vehicle)
6 dolly 8 fire wall 9 hanging wall

Claims (4)

A canopy shape with a cross-section corresponding to the inner wall of the tunnel ceiling, and an opening / closing unit with a predetermined length, and a fire wall that partitions the longitudinal direction of the tunnel in a suspended state, with one end fixed to the tunnel ceiling With a plurality of dividers made of flexible fireproof cloth,
At the bottom of the opening and closing unit, a carriage that can travel on the road surface is provided,
Each partition screen is installed on the top surface of the canopy of the opening and closing unit at a fixed position of the carriage to open the passage in the tunnel,
An apparatus for preventing the spread of fire in a tunnel, wherein the carriage moves from the fixed position on the road surface so that the partition curtains are suspended from the ceiling surface and partition the tunnel passage.   2. The fire spread prevention of a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the set of the opening / closing unit and the partition curtain is arranged at a plurality of locations in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel so as to partition the front and back of the fire source in the tunnel from other locations. apparatus.   In Claim 1 or 2, the fixed end of each said adjacent partition curtain is shifted and located before and behind the ceiling part of a tunnel, and each partition curtain is suspended in the state superimposed on the width direction. Tunnel fire spread prevention device.   4. The fire spread prevention device for a tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an opening for exhausting smoke is provided on an inner wall surface of the tunnel in the vicinity of a section partitioned by the partition screen.

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