JP2000301363A - Friction agitation joining method of active metal material - Google Patents
Friction agitation joining method of active metal materialInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000301363A JP2000301363A JP11438099A JP11438099A JP2000301363A JP 2000301363 A JP2000301363 A JP 2000301363A JP 11438099 A JP11438099 A JP 11438099A JP 11438099 A JP11438099 A JP 11438099A JP 2000301363 A JP2000301363 A JP 2000301363A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- active metal
- probe
- joining
- metal material
- atmosphere
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
- B23K20/233—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer
- B23K20/2333—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer one layer being aluminium, magnesium or beryllium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/14—Preventing or minimising gas access, or using protective gases or vacuum during welding
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、酸素との反応性
に富み、酸化物を生成しやすい活性金属材の摩擦攪拌接
合方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a friction stir welding method for an active metal material having high reactivity with oxygen and easily producing an oxide.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】固相接合の一つである摩擦攪拌接合は、
高速で回転するプローブを接合予定部あるいはその近傍
に挿入するとともに、挿入状態でプローブを相対的に移
動させ、発生する摩擦熱でプローブの接触部分を軟化さ
せつつ攪拌して接合するものである。このような摩擦攪
拌接合は、溶融溶接やろう付よりも低温で接合できるた
め、接合時の熱変形や接合部の酸化による接合不良が少
ないというような利点がある。2. Description of the Related Art Friction stir welding, one of solid-phase welding,
In this method, a probe that rotates at a high speed is inserted into a portion to be joined or in the vicinity thereof, and the probe is relatively moved in the inserted state, and is agitated and joined while softening a contact portion of the probe with generated frictional heat. Since such friction stir welding can be performed at a lower temperature than fusion welding or brazing, there is an advantage that there is little bonding failure due to thermal deformation during bonding and oxidation of a bonded portion.
【0003】一方、電子機器や輸送機器分野では、接合
部材の軽量化や強度向上等を目的として、Mg、Tiあ
るいはこれらの金属を含むアルミニウム合金が用いられ
ており、これらの材料を接合する必要が生じている。On the other hand, in the field of electronic equipment and transportation equipment, Mg, Ti, or aluminum alloys containing these metals are used for the purpose of reducing the weight and strength of bonding members, and it is necessary to bond these materials. Has occurred.
【0004】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、Mgや
Tiは酸素との反応性に富むため、摩擦攪拌接合が他の
接合方法よりも低温で接合できると雖も、発生する摩擦
熱よって接合部に酸化物が生成して接合不良を生じると
いう問題点があった。However, since Mg and Ti are highly reactive with oxygen, friction stir welding can be performed at a lower temperature than other welding methods. There has been a problem that oxides are generated to cause poor bonding.
【0005】この発明は、このような技術背景に鑑み、
酸化しやすい金属材を良好に接合する活性金属材の摩擦
攪拌接合方法の提供を目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of such technical background,
An object of the present invention is to provide a friction stir welding method for an active metal material that satisfactorily bonds an easily oxidizable metal material.
【0006】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】この発明の活性金属材の
摩擦攪拌接合方法は、前記目的を達成するために、接合
部材(A)(B)の少なくとも一方が活性金属またはそ
の合金からなる活性金属材であって、非酸化性雰囲気中
で、前記接合部材(A)(B)の接合部に回転するプロ
ーブ(22)を挿入し、プローブ(22)との接触部を軟化
させるとともに攪拌することにより、これらの接合部材
(A)(B)を接合することを基本要旨とする。According to the friction stir welding method for an active metal material of the present invention, at least one of the joining members (A) and (B) is made of an active metal or an alloy thereof. In a non-oxidizing atmosphere, a rotating probe (22) is inserted into the joint of the joining members (A) and (B), and the contact portion with the probe (22) is softened and stirred in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. Thus, the basic point is to join these joining members (A) and (B).
【0007】この発明において、活性金属とは酸素との
反応性に富む金属であり、活性金属材とは、単一の活性
金属材、複数の活性金属の合金材、あるいは1種以上の
活性金属と他の金属との合金材をいう。前記活性金属の
具体例として、比較的低温でも酸化物を形成しやすいM
gまたはTiを挙げることができる。また、接合部材の
少なくとも一方が前記活性金属材である場合をこの発明
の対象とし、一方のみが前記活性金属材で他方が活性金
属を含まない場合、両者が同一の活性金属材である場
合、両者が異種の活性金属材である場合のいずれの場合
も適用される。また、活性金属含有合金の組成や、活性
金属を含まない相手材の組成は、回転するプローブの接
触により発生する摩擦熱により軟化するものである限り
限定されない。比較的低温で軟化してこの発明の接合方
法に適している活性金属含有合金としてAlと活性金属
との合金材を推奨でき、活性金属を含まない相手材とし
てAlまたはその合金材を推奨できる。In the present invention, the active metal is a metal having a high reactivity with oxygen, and the active metal is a single active metal, an alloy of a plurality of active metals, or one or more active metals. And alloys with other metals. As a specific example of the active metal, M which easily forms an oxide even at a relatively low temperature
g or Ti. In addition, a case where at least one of the joining members is the active metal material is an object of the present invention, and when only one is the active metal material and the other does not contain the active metal, when both are the same active metal material, Both cases where both are different types of active metal materials are applied. Further, the composition of the active metal-containing alloy and the composition of the counterpart material containing no active metal are not limited as long as they are softened by frictional heat generated by contact with a rotating probe. An alloy of Al and an active metal that can be softened at a relatively low temperature and is suitable for the bonding method of the present invention can be recommended, and Al or an alloy thereof can be recommended as a counterpart containing no active metal.
【0008】また、非酸化性雰囲気とは、例えばN2 、
He、Arといった不活性ガス雰囲気または真空等であ
り、いずれの場合も活性金属材の酸化を抑制して良好な
接合を達成することができる。非酸化性雰囲気は接合部
材全体を覆うように形成しても良いが、接合部およびそ
の近傍に形成されていれば足りる。不活性ガス雰囲気の
場合は、接合部に不活性ガスを噴射して接合部近傍をシ
ールドすること等により比較的簡易な設備によって形成
できるととも、接合部近傍のみの部分的な雰囲気形成が
容易で大型接合部材への対応も容易である。一方、真空
下での接合は設備が大型化しがちである。そのため、設
備が簡易であるという点では不活性ガス雰囲気が有利で
ある。また、TiとN2 ガスの組合せでは、超硬のTi
Nが生成されて接合部の攪拌流動性が低下して接合不良
を招くおそれがあるため、Tiからなる接合材やTiを
含む接合部材の場合には、HeガスまたはArガス雰囲
気あるいは真空での接合が好ましい。The non-oxidizing atmosphere is, for example, N 2 ,
An atmosphere of an inert gas such as He or Ar or a vacuum is used. In any case, the oxidation of the active metal material is suppressed, and good bonding can be achieved. The non-oxidizing atmosphere may be formed so as to cover the entire joining member, but it is sufficient that the non-oxidizing atmosphere is formed in the joining portion and its vicinity. In the case of an inert gas atmosphere, it can be formed by relatively simple equipment, for example, by injecting an inert gas into the joint to shield the vicinity of the joint, and it is easy to form a partial atmosphere only near the joint. Therefore, it is easy to handle large joint members. On the other hand, bonding under vacuum tends to increase equipment size. Therefore, an inert gas atmosphere is advantageous in that the equipment is simple. Further, in the combination of Ti and N 2 gas, the super hard Ti
Since N is generated and the agitation fluidity of the joining portion may be reduced to cause a joining failure, in the case of a joining material made of Ti or a joining member containing Ti, in a He gas or Ar gas atmosphere or in a vacuum. Joining is preferred.
【0009】また、この発明において、上記接合雰囲気
を除く他の摩擦攪拌接合条件は限定されず、接合部材の
材質、形状等に基づき適宜選定する。In the present invention, other friction stir welding conditions except for the above-mentioned welding atmosphere are not limited, and are appropriately selected based on the material and shape of the welding member.
【0010】[0010]
【実施例】次に、この発明の活性金属部材の摩擦攪拌接
合方法の具体的実施例について、図面を参照しつつ説明
する。Next, a specific embodiment of the friction stir welding method for an active metal member according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
【0011】本実施例では、図1に示す摩擦攪拌装置
(20)により厚さ4mmの平板状の接合部材(A)(B)
の突き合わせ継ぎ手を製作するものとし、表1に示すよ
うに、接合部材(A)(B)の材質および接合雰囲気を
種々変えて接合を行った。In the present embodiment, the flat joining members (A) and (B) each having a thickness of 4 mm are formed by the friction stirrer (20) shown in FIG.
The joining was performed by variously changing the materials and joining atmospheres of the joining members (A) and (B) as shown in Table 1.
【0012】図1において、この摩擦攪拌装置(20)
は、径大の円柱状回転子(21)と、該回転子(21)の端
部軸線(Q)上に突出して設けられた径小のピン状プロ
ーブ(22)とを有する接合工具(23)を備えるものであ
る。そして、図外の駆動装置により前記回転子(21)を
高速で回転させつつ、突き合わせた2枚の接合部材
(A)(B)の突き合わせ部(1)に前記プローブ(2
2)を挿入し、プローブ(22)挿入状態のまま突き合わ
せ部(1)に沿ってプローブ(22)を移動させると、プ
ローブ(22)の回転により発生する摩擦熱、あるいはさ
らに回転子(21)の肩部(21a )と両接合部材(A)
(B)の上面との摺動に伴い発生する摩擦熱により、プ
ローブ(22)接触部分近傍において接合部材(A)
(B)は軟化しかつプローブ(22)の回転により攪拌さ
れる。そして、プローブ(22)の移動に伴って、軟化攪
拌部分がプローブ(22)の進行圧力を受けてプローブ
(22)通過溝を埋めるようにプローブ(22)の進行方向
後方へと回り込む態様で塑性流動したのち摩擦熱を急速
に失って冷却固化する。この現象がプローブ(22)の移
動に伴って順次繰り返されていき、最終的に両接合部材
(A)(B)が突き合わせ部(1)において接合一体化
される。接合条件は、いずれも接合部材(A)(B)に
対するプローブ(22)の挿入深さを3.8mm、プローブ
(22)の移動速度を80cm/minとした。図中、(2)は
前記摩擦攪拌接合装置(20)により接合された接合部で
ある。In FIG. 1, the friction stirrer (20)
Is a joining tool (23) having a large-diameter cylindrical rotor (21) and a small-diameter pin-shaped probe (22) protruding on an end axis (Q) of the rotor (21). ). Then, while rotating the rotor (21) at a high speed by a driving device (not shown), the probe (2) is attached to the butted portion (1) of the two joined members (A) and (B).
When the probe (22) is inserted and the probe (22) is moved along the butt portion (1) with the probe (22) inserted, frictional heat generated by the rotation of the probe (22) or the rotor (21) Shoulder (21a) and both connecting members (A)
Due to frictional heat generated by sliding with the upper surface of (B), the joining member (A) near the probe (22) contact portion
(B) is softened and stirred by the rotation of the probe (22). Then, with the movement of the probe (22), the softening and agitating part is subjected to the pressure of the probe (22) and plastically wraps around the probe (22) in the rearward direction so as to fill the groove for the probe (22). After flowing, it rapidly loses frictional heat and cools and solidifies. This phenomenon is sequentially repeated with the movement of the probe (22), and finally the two joining members (A) and (B) are joined and integrated at the butt portion (1). The joining conditions were such that the insertion depth of the probe (22) into the joining members (A) and (B) was 3.8 mm, and the moving speed of the probe (22) was 80 cm / min. In the figure, reference numeral (2) denotes a joined portion joined by the friction stir welding device (20).
【0013】さらに、上記接合を不活性ガス雰囲気で行
う場合は、接合部近傍に流量20l/分で吹き付けるも
のとした。また、真空で行う場合は、10-5Torr以下の
真空チャンバー内での接合とした。Further, when the above-mentioned bonding is performed in an inert gas atmosphere, the flow is blown to the vicinity of the bonding portion at a flow rate of 20 l / min. In the case of performing in a vacuum, the bonding was performed in a vacuum chamber of 10 −5 Torr or less.
【0014】さらに、各継ぎ手について接合性を外観、
X線透過試験により相対的に評価した。[0014] Furthermore, the jointability of each joint is evaluated by the appearance,
It was relatively evaluated by an X-ray transmission test.
【0015】接合性の評価結果を表1に併せて示すTable 1 also shows the evaluation results of the bonding properties.
【表1】 [Table 1]
【0016】表1より明らかなように、非酸化性雰囲気
で接合を行った各実施例は、酸化物の生成を抑制して良
好に摩擦攪拌接合できることを確認できた。As is evident from Table 1, it was confirmed that in each of the examples where the joining was performed in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, the formation of oxides was suppressed and the friction stir welding could be performed well.
【0017】[0017]
【発明の効果】以上の次第で、この発明の活性金属材の
摩擦攪拌接合方法は、接合部材の少なくとも一方が活性
金属またはその合金からなる活性金属材であって、非酸
化性雰囲気中で、前記接合部材の接合部に回転するプロ
ーブを挿入し、プローブとの接触部を軟化させるととも
に攪拌することにより、これらの接合部材を接合するも
のであるから、接合部における酸化物の生成を抑制して
良好な接合を達成できる。As described above, according to the friction stir welding method for an active metal material of the present invention, at least one of the joining members is an active metal material made of an active metal or an alloy thereof, and is used in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. By inserting a rotating probe into the joint of the joining member and softening and agitating the contact portion with the probe, these joining members are joined, thereby suppressing the generation of oxides at the joint. And good joining can be achieved.
【0018】特に、前記活性金属がMg、Tiの場合
は、顕著に酸化物の生成を抑制できて良好な接合を達成
できる。In particular, when the active metal is Mg or Ti, the formation of oxides can be remarkably suppressed, and good bonding can be achieved.
【0019】また、前記非酸化性雰囲気が不活性ガス雰
囲気である場合は、比較的簡易な設備で非酸化性雰囲気
を形成できるととも、接合部近傍のみの部分的な雰囲気
形成が容易で大型接合部材への対応も容易である。When the non-oxidizing atmosphere is an inert gas atmosphere, it is possible to form the non-oxidizing atmosphere with relatively simple equipment, and it is easy to form a partial atmosphere only in the vicinity of the joining portion, and it is possible to increase the size of the non-oxidizing atmosphere. Correspondence to a joining member is also easy.
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]
【図1】この発明の活性金属材の摩擦攪拌接合方法の一
例を示す斜視図である。FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a friction stir welding method for an active metal material of the present invention.
A,B…接合部材 22…プローブ A, B ... joining member 22 ... probe
Claims (3)
が活性金属またはその合金からなる活性金属材であっ
て、非酸化性雰囲気中で、前記接合部材(A)(B)の
接合部に回転するプローブ(22)を挿入し、プローブ
(22)との接触部を軟化させるとともに攪拌することに
より、これらの接合部材(A)(B)を接合することを
特徴とする活性金属材の摩擦攪拌接合方法。At least one of the joining members (A) and (B) is an active metal material made of an active metal or an alloy thereof, and is a joint between the joining members (A) and (B) in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. A rotating probe (22) is inserted into the active metal material, and a softened portion of the active metal material is softened at the contact portion with the probe (22) and agitated to join these joining members (A) and (B). Friction stir welding method.
1種以上である請求項1に記載の活性金属材の摩擦攪拌
接合方法。2. The method of claim 1, wherein the active metal is at least one of Mg and Ti.
である請求項1または2に記載の活性金属材の摩擦攪拌
接合方法。3. The method of claim 1, wherein the non-oxidizing atmosphere is an inert gas atmosphere.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP11438099A JP2000301363A (en) | 1999-04-22 | 1999-04-22 | Friction agitation joining method of active metal material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP11438099A JP2000301363A (en) | 1999-04-22 | 1999-04-22 | Friction agitation joining method of active metal material |
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JP2000301363A true JP2000301363A (en) | 2000-10-31 |
JP2000301363A5 JP2000301363A5 (en) | 2006-05-25 |
Family
ID=14636244
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Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1314509A2 (en) * | 2001-11-27 | 2003-05-28 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Friction stir welding |
JP2005205449A (en) * | 2004-01-22 | 2005-08-04 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Clad material manufacturing method |
JP2006255711A (en) * | 2005-03-15 | 2006-09-28 | Toshiba Corp | Composite material, and method and apparatus for producing composite material |
WO2007102540A1 (en) | 2006-03-09 | 2007-09-13 | Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corporation | Welding method |
US7556187B2 (en) | 2002-12-06 | 2009-07-07 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Method of manufacturing cylindrical body, friction stir welding method, and friction stir welding device |
US7815094B2 (en) | 2002-12-06 | 2010-10-19 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Method of manufacturing cylindrical body, and friction stir welding method |
US7828191B2 (en) | 2006-07-28 | 2010-11-09 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Friction stir welding machine and friction stir welding tool |
EP2535138A2 (en) | 2011-06-14 | 2012-12-19 | Hitachi, Ltd. | High corrosion resistant equipment for a plant |
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CN105127579A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-09 | 昆山斯格威电子科技有限公司 | Welding process for friction stir welding |
-
1999
- 1999-04-22 JP JP11438099A patent/JP2000301363A/en active Pending
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1314509A3 (en) * | 2001-11-27 | 2004-01-07 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Friction stir welding |
EP1314509A2 (en) * | 2001-11-27 | 2003-05-28 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Friction stir welding |
US7556187B2 (en) | 2002-12-06 | 2009-07-07 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Method of manufacturing cylindrical body, friction stir welding method, and friction stir welding device |
US7815094B2 (en) | 2002-12-06 | 2010-10-19 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Method of manufacturing cylindrical body, and friction stir welding method |
JP2005205449A (en) * | 2004-01-22 | 2005-08-04 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Clad material manufacturing method |
JP2006255711A (en) * | 2005-03-15 | 2006-09-28 | Toshiba Corp | Composite material, and method and apparatus for producing composite material |
JP4643319B2 (en) * | 2005-03-15 | 2011-03-02 | 株式会社東芝 | COMPOSITE MATERIAL, ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD, AND COMPOSITE MATERIAL MANUFACTURING DEVICE |
JP2007237253A (en) * | 2006-03-09 | 2007-09-20 | Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corp | Joining method |
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