JP2000139392A - Method for processing ginkgo leaf and product of ginkgo leaf processed by the method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for preparing and processing ginkgo leaves as surly as possible, at a cost as low as possible and easily into a product which enables the efficient intake of ginkgo leaf components into a human body. SOLUTION: Row ginkgo leaves are collected, the collected leaves are washed to remove dusts, the washed leaves are cooked with steam of about 95-98 deg.C for about 3-60 sec, the cooked leaves are cooled to room temperature, and the cooled leaves are roughly dried while they are rubbed. The roughly dried row leaves of ginkgo are cut, the cut leaves are further dried while they are roughly rubbed, the roughly rubber leaves are roasted, and subsequently the leaves are crushed into powder of about 1-50 μm. Thus, row ginkgo leaves are processed into a product which a human can directly drink.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for processing collected fresh ginkgo leaves and a method for processing the collected fresh ginkgo leaves so that humans can directly drink the ginkgo leaf powder, or a method for processing this powder into granules.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Ginkgo biloba leaves contain a large amount of components such as flavonoids and ginkgolides.
It has been widely used as a dietary supplement or health food in Japan, as a Chinese herbal medicine in China, and as a remedy in the West since ancient times, as it has excellent medicinal properties for the treatment of adult diseases, dementia, allergies, etc. . In particular, flavonoids dilate blood vessels and improve arteriosclerosis, calm nerves, normalize blood sugar levels, and prevent cancer.In addition, ginkgolide is not contained in other plants and is found in ginkgo leaves. It is a unique component that is contained only and is known to prevent allergy and inflammation by suppressing the action of platelet activating factor (PAF).

[0003] More recently, ginkgo biloba leaves other than this include quercetin and rutin, which have a specific effect on cancer, and further improve blood vessels, blood and blood pressure, and are effective for heart disease, and kaempferol, which has a blood vessel expanding action, Isorhamnetin, which is effective for cerebral and peripheral blood flow disorders and atherosclerosis of the brain; Dopamine, which is effective for Parkinson's disease; catechin, which promotes the production of neurotransmitters; and active oxygen (free radicals) in the brain. It has been found that it contains a large amount of a component that prevents the occurrence, vitamin C having an anticancer effect, and also contains phylloquinone (vitamin K1).

Until now, when used as a dietary supplement or Chinese herbal medicine, it has been common to ingest and drink it, and when used as a remedy, ginkgo biloba leaves It was common to extract the extract and use it.

[0005] Recently, ginkgo leaves have been dried and cut into ginkgo leaves in the form of tape packs (commonly used in black tea) at health food stores and the like for easy handling. Sold. Furthermore, a technique for masking the bitterness of ginkgo leaves by coexisting tannins in an aqueous solution of a ginkgo extract has also been developed (Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-75368).

[0006]

However, in order to collect the above-mentioned effective components contained in the ginkgo biloba itself into the human body by simple means without leaking, the ginkgo biloba itself must be directly cultivated. Obviously, it is optimal to incorporate it into the human body, but the fresh ginkgo leaves are somewhat bitter and it is not practical to eat them directly.

On the other hand, a method of drying / cutting a ginkgo leaf into a tea pack form, putting it into a teapot, pouring boiling water and drinking in the same manner as ordinary green tea, and further drying / cutting a ginkgo leaf. The method of decoction and drinking is a relatively simple method. However, by simply drying / cutting the fresh leaves of ginkgo, the processing and extraction and separation of components from the fresh leaves are easy. Since no such preparations have been made, it is not expected that the excellent ingredients of ginkgo biloba will be ingested completely. In particular, as shown in Table 7 described below, vitamin C was not detected at all in the dried strip of ginkgo leaves that had just been dried / cut.

[0008] On the other hand, a method of extracting a predetermined extract from ginkgo leaves and using the extract is logical and ideal, but requires a large amount of equipment and the like, and the ginkgo leaf component is inexpensive. Can not be ingested.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a dry ginkgo biloba leaf which has been processed so that a very large amount of vitamin C can be taken, regardless of whether it is decocted or taken in the form of a tape. With the goal. Further, the present invention provides a method for preparing and processing ginkgo leaves so that ginkgo biloba components can be effectively ingested into the human body as reliably and as cheaply and simply as possible.

[0010]

Means for solving the problems: collecting fresh leaves of ginkgo, washing the collected fresh leaves of ginkgo to remove dust, cleaning the fresh leaves of ginkgo with steam at about 95 ° to 98 ° C. for about 3 to 60 hours. Steaming for 2 seconds, cooling the steamed ginkgo leaves to room temperature, rubbing the cooled fresh ginkgo leaves while rubbing them, cutting coarsely dried fresh ginkgo leaves, rubbing the cut fresh ginkgo leaves While further drying, roasting the coarsely rubbed ginkgo fresh leaves, after the roasting process ginkgo fresh leaves about 1 ~
Ginkgo biloba leaves are processed so that they can be directly consumed by humans by various processes such as pulverization to a powder of 50 microns.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail. In the present invention, first, it is necessary to collect fresh leaves of ginkgo from a ginkgo tree. The ginkgo leaves are, for example, generally directly collected from the grounds of shrines and temples and the like, and further from the branches of ginkgo trees cultivated in fields, roads and the like. Fallen leaves should be avoided. This is because the effect is small. As shown in FIG. 1, the branch of the ginkgo tree has a long branch 10 and a short branch 12, and the leaves 14 are alternated in the long branch 10, and several leaves are formed together in the short branch 12. Tree Search Picture Book, p. 178). Leaf 14 is leaf blade 16
And a petiole 18. In the present invention, unlike the conventional collecting method, preferably, when collecting fresh ginkgo leaves, the portion of the short branch 12 before being hardened as much as possible is also collected. The portion of the short branch 12 is a portion generally called “a place where a ginkgo sprouts emerge”.
This is because a large amount of many components are contained in this portion. Before the leaves turn yellow, it is desirable to collect fresh leaves as young as possible without damaging them. The collected ginkgo leaves are put into a container and transported to a processing plant. At this time,
Be careful not to push the collected fresh ginkgo leaves into the container or bend the fresh ginkgo leaves, and after collection, avoid direct sunlight and allow for good ventilation.

In a processing site, avoid direct sunlight and keep the temperature as low as possible (1 ° to 20 ° C, preferably 10 ° to 15 ° C).
C) It is desirable to keep it in a dark room. This is for preventing the deterioration of the ginkgo leaves. When the outside air temperature at the time of collection is high (for example, 25 ° C. or higher), it is preferable to cool the sample to 15 ° C. or lower immediately after collection in order to prevent deterioration. In addition, when the outside air temperature at the time of sampling is high and the distance to the factory is long, it is also desirable to use an insulated car.
Note that components of the collected ginkgo biloba leaves may freeze and cause deterioration of the components. Therefore, cooling the collected ginkgo biloba leaves to 1 ° C. or less should be avoided.

[0013] Ginkgo biloba leaves transported to the processing plant, first remove dust and debris with water, and then select only healthy leaves, and then dry at room temperature. (Selection process). If the leaves are still wet, steam will not easily pass through the leaves in the subsequent steaming process. Of course, this sorting step can be performed simultaneously with the sampling. Next, each of the fresh ginkgo leaves is roughly cut into a width of about 2 cm by, for example, a rotary cutter. As a result, each ginkgo leaf is preferably divided into 3 to 4 leaves (first ginkgo leaves).
Cutting process). This is because the leaf veins of the fresh ginkgo leaves are generally hard and the steaming step described below is completed in a short time. In addition, the leaves of the ginkgo biloba are properly entangled with each other, the leaves are held at an appropriate interval, and the steam easily passes between the ginkgo leaves in the steamer, so that the remaining steam in the steaming process is prevented. I can do it. However, for example, when the fresh ginkgo leaves are still young, the first cutting step can be omitted because the veins are not so hard and the size is not large. By eliminating the first cutting step, the exudation of the medicinal component contained in the fresh ginkgo leaves can be prevented.

Thereafter, the fresh ginkgo leaves are steamed in a steamer, that is, a steamer. This steaming process is about 95 ° -9
It is performed in a short time of about 3 to 60 seconds with steam at 8 ° C (steaming step). The reason why the temperature is lower and the time is shorter than in the general green tea steaming process is that the fresh ginkgo leaves are thinner than the fresh green tea leaves and are easier to process. If the temperature of the steaming process is higher than this, decomposition of the components occurs easily, and if the steaming time is longer than this, the ginkgo biloba leaves turn yellow and become fatigued, resulting in decomposition of the ginkgo biloba components. Because it causes. This steaming process loses the oxygen activity of the fresh ginkgo leaves, retains the color similar to the original color of the fresh ginkgo leaves, prevents deterioration of the medicinal components contained therein, and is contained in the ginkgo leaves at the time of drinking. Ingredients are easily separated from the fresh leaves of Ginkgo biloba to make it easy for the human body to ingest.

[0015] The steamed ginkgo biloba leaves are kept in the original color of the fresh ginkgo biloba leaves and continuously sent to a ventilation cooling chamber to prevent deterioration of the medicinal components contained therein, and are forcibly cooled to room temperature. (Cooling step).

Next, since the steamed / cooled fresh ginkgo biloba contains a lot of water, the cooled fresh ginkgo biloba is dried while being rubbed (coarse dry rubbing step). In this step, while a lot of water adheres to the fresh leaves, about 10
The water is evaporated by warm air at 0 ° C. (first-stage coarse drying step). Then, after the ginkgo leaves have been appropriately dried in the first stage of the rough drying process, the leaves are switched to low-temperature drying at around 60 ° C., and the leaves no longer adhere to each other, and are dried by the naked eye. Dry to an acceptable degree (second coarse drying step). These coarse drying and kneading steps can be easily achieved by a coarse kneading machine or kneading machine used when producing Japanese tea.

Next, the crudely dried ginkgo biloba leaves were
(2nd cutting process). The cut fresh ginkgo leaves are further dried while roughly kneading (second drying kneading and twisting step). Due to the two-stage rough drying process, even if the fresh ginkgo leaves are cut to a width of about 5 mm, almost no exudation of medicinal components and the like from the cut cross section is observed.
Thereafter, if necessary, drying is continued while further finely rubbing.

Next, roasting is performed by a roasting machine preferably using far-infrared rays as a heating medium, and roasting is continued until a peculiar smell of ginkgo tea leaves is removed or a peculiar aroma is produced. (Roasting step) until the water content reaches a level that can withstand the above. In this step, a known burner used for producing Japanese tea can also be used.

After the roasting process, the fresh ginkgo leaves are 1-5
Ginkgo biloba leaf is manufactured by cutting into ginger leaves, or is further crushed into a powder of about 1 to 50 microns using a known crusher. In the case where ginkgo leaf powder is produced from the fresh ginkgo leaves prepared according to the present invention, the ginkgo leaf tea is prepared after the roasting step in the same manner as in the method for producing matcha leaves in Japanese tea up to now. It is manufactured by crushing into a powder by a powder manufacturing tool such as a stone mill or a crusher. Furthermore, when manufacturing into a canned beverage, the ginkgo leaf tea is decocted to extract the ginkgo leaf tea component, and then the liquid containing this leaf tea component is sealed in a can.
It is manufactured through a sterilization process.

In the case of decoction and drinking, or in the form of a tea pack, drinking is performed before roasting or after the roasting step, cut into a predetermined size and then decocted or processed into a tea pack to drink. You can do it.

The powdered ginkgo biloba product thus manufactured is mixed with an appropriate amount (for example, half a teaspoon at a time) of water, and further mixed with sake, whiskey and other favorite beverages, and is directly ingested. This ginkgo biloba leaf powder is a powder obtained by adding a predetermined preparation process to the fresh ginkgo biloba and then powdering it, and the components of the ginkgo biloba are easy to extract into water and a favorite beverage. By roasting,
The mouth is soft and little bitterness is felt, and even small children can easily drink. In addition, the ginkgo biloba powder according to the present invention is simply a powder of ginkgo biloba, so that substantially the same components can be ingested when ginkgo biloba is directly ingested.

The powder of Ginkgo biloba leaf tea produced by such a procedure is, for example, formed into granules or tableted so that children and the elderly can easily drink it. It is also possible to further apply sugar coating to the tableted product. Furthermore, powder containing other components (eg, aloe tea, Tochu tea powder, etc.) can be mixed with the ginkgo biloba leaf powder produced according to the above procedure, and the resulting mixed powder can be formed into a predetermined shape. It can also be molded.

[0023]

The following is an analysis test result table showing the analysis result of the processed ginkgo biloba leaf powder produced by the present invention at the Japan Food Research Laboratories.

Table 1 shows the analytical test results of the steamed ginkgo leaf powder (ginkgo powder) produced by the method of the present invention. The steamed ginkgo leaf powder (ginkgo biloba) produced by the method of the present invention is shown in Table 1. Powder), "Total Vitamin C" is 122mg per 100g,
"Superoxide scavenging activity" is 3.4 x 1 / g
It is clear that it contains 0 ³ units.

[0025]

[Table 1]

Table 2 is an analytical test result table obtained by performing a similar test with another sample collected at a place different from the place where the sample of Table 1 was collected. The powder of steamed ginkgo biloba produced by the method of the present invention is shown in FIG. (Ginkgo biloba powder) clearly contains 254 mg of “total vitamin C” per 100 g.

[0027]

[Table 2]

Table 3 shows the analytical test results of the steamed ginkgo leaf powder (ginkgo powder) produced by the method of the present invention. The steamed ginkgo leaf powder (ginkgo biloba) produced by the method of the present invention is shown in Table 3. Powder), “Epigallocatechin gallate” is 3 g / 100 g.
It is clear that 5 mg was contained.

[0029]

[Table 3]

Table 4 shows the analytical test results of the steamed ginkgo leaf powder (ginkgo powder) produced by the method of the present invention. The steamed ginkgo leaf powder (ginkgo biloba) produced by the method of the present invention is shown in Table 4. Powder), “quercetin”, “kenphenol”, and “isoramnetin” each contained 150 mg, 100 mg
It is clear that 0 mg and 17 mg are contained.

[0031]

[Table 4]

Table 5 shows the analytical test results for the steamed ginkgo leaf powder (steamed ginkgo leaf) produced by the method of the present invention. The steamed ginkgo leaf powder (steamed ginkgo biloba) produced by the method of the present invention is shown in Table 5. (Leaf) clearly contains 34 mg of "rutin" per 100 g.

[0033]

[Table 5]

Table 6 is an analytical test result table for the steamed ginkgo leaf powder (steamed ginkgo leaf) produced by the method of the present invention. The steamed ginkgo leaf powder (steamed ginkgo biloba) produced by the method of the present invention is shown in Table 6. (Leaf) clearly contains 1.5 mg of “phylloquinone” per 100 g.

[0035]

[Table 6]

Table 7 shows the analytical test results for the steamed ginkgo leaf powder (steamed ginkgo leaf) produced by the method of the present invention. The steamed ginkgo leaf powder (steamed ginkgo biloba) produced by the method of the present invention is shown in Table 7. (Leaf), it is clear that “vitamin B1, B2, B6” is contained in 0.17 mg, 0.64 mg, and 0.67 mg per 100 g, respectively.

[0037]

[Table 7]

Table 8 shows the analytical test results of ginkgo biloba leaves (dry ginkgo leaves) packaged in a known commercially available tape pack. (Leaf), it is clear that "vitamin C" is not detected.

[0039]

[Table 8]

Thus, the processed steamed ginkgo biloba product produced by the method of the present invention is, of course, a component unique to ginkgo biloba such as flavonoids and ginkgolide, which have excellent medicinal properties in treating adult diseases, dementia, allergic diseases and the like. Quercetin and rutin, which have a specific effect on cancer and also improve blood vessels, blood and blood pressure and are effective for heart disease, kaempferol which has the effect of widening blood vessels, impaired cerebral and peripheral blood flow, and atherogenicity of the brain Isorhamnetin, which is effective for atherosclerosis, catechin, which promotes the production of dopamine and neurotransmitter, which is effective for Parkinson's disease, a component that prevents the generation of free radicals (free radicals) in the brain, and a vitamin that has an anticancer effect It was found that C, and furthermore, phylloquinone and the like were contained in large amounts.

Since the steamed ginkgo biloba powder produced by the present invention substantially contains fresh ginkgo biloba as it is, it contains all the components of the fresh ginkgo biloba as it is. It is clear that the powder reliably separates the excellent components contained in the fresh leaves of Ginkgo biloba, and that the excellent components thereof can be directly incorporated into the human body.

On the other hand, components such as vitamin C produced by the prescription of the present invention are not detected from ginkgo biloba leaves (dry ginkgo biloba leaves) packaged in a commercially available tape pack. This is done by simply drying / cutting the ginkgo leaves into a tea pack, putting them in a cup, pouring hot water and drinking in the same way as ordinary green tea, and further drying / cutting the ginkgo leaves and decocting them. In the method of drinking, the raw leaves are not subjected to any preparation that makes it easy to process the components and extract and separate the components. It means that it cannot be expected. On the other hand, it can be said that the usefulness of the ginkgo leaf powder produced by the formulation of the present invention has been clearly proven.

As is clear from Table 1, the chopped, powdered, and tableted body of ginkgo leaf tea according to the present invention has a green color and is inexpensive without any discomfort to the drinker. Drink with your heart. Furthermore, the cut and powdered ginkgo biloba tea and the tableted ginkgo biloba tea have no medicinal odor in the sense of smell, and have the advantage that the drinker can drink it without any discomfort. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a branch of a ginkgo tree and ginkgo leaves extending therefrom.

[Explanation of symbols]

10: long branch 12: short branch 14:
Ginkgo leaves 16: leaf blade 18: petiole

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) A23P 1/04 A23P 1/06 1/06 A23L 2/00 F

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A step of collecting fresh ginkgo leaves, a step of washing the collected fresh ginkgo leaves to remove dust, and a step of roughly drying the washed fresh ginkgo leaves with steam at about 95 ° to 98 ° C. for about 3 to 3 hours. A step of steaming for 60 seconds, a step of cooling the steamed ginkgo leaves to room temperature, a step of coarsely drying the cooled ginkgo leaves while rubbing, and a step of cutting the roughly dried ginkgo leaves. A method for processing fresh ginkgo leaves comprising the steps of further drying the fresh ginkgo leaves. 2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: roasting the dried ginkgo leaves; and pulverizing the ginkgo leaves to a powder of about 1 to 50 microns after the roasting step. How to process fresh ginkgo leaves. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the fresh ginkgo leaves are about 1
A method for processing fresh ginkgo leaves, comprising a step of pulverizing the powder into a powder having a size of about 50 μm and further processing the powder into granules. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of collecting fresh leaves of ginkgo includes collecting the leaf blade, petiole and short branch of ginkgo leaves. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of coarsely drying the fresh ginkgo leaves while rubbing them comprises evaporating the water with hot air at about 100 ° C. while a lot of water adheres to the fresh leaves. Moderate drying and then 60 °
Switching to low-temperature drying in the vicinity of C, and drying the leaves to such an extent that the leaves no longer adhere to each other and are visually judged to be dry. 6. A step of collecting fresh leaves of ginkgo, a step of washing the collected fresh leaves of ginkgo and removing dust, and a step of roughly drying the washed fresh ginkgo leaves with steam at about 95 ° to 98 ° C. for about 3 to 3 hours. A step of steaming for 60 seconds, a step of cooling the steamed ginkgo leaves to room temperature, a step of coarsely drying the cooled ginkgo leaves while rubbing, and a step of cutting the roughly dried ginkgo leaves. A processed ginkgo biloba leaf, wherein the ginkgo biloba leaves produced by the method for processing ginkgo biloba leaves further comprise the steps of: 7. A processed ginkgo biloba product in which the collected fresh ginkgo biloba leaves are roasted by steaming and processed into powder so that humans can directly drink them. 8. A processed ginkgo biloba product, wherein the collected ginkgo biloba leaves are further steam-roasted and powder-processed so that humans can directly drink the ginkgo biloba leaves and further processed into granules. 9. The processed ginkgo leaf product according to claim 6, which has at least 150 mg of quercetin per 100 g. 10. The method according to claim 10, wherein said rutin is at least 3 per 100 g.
The processed ginkgo leaf product according to any one of claims 6 to 8, having 4 mg. 11. The processed ginkgo leaf according to claim 6, which has at least 122 mg of total vitamin C per 100 g. 12. Total ascorbic acid, superoxide scavenging activity, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, rutin, phylloquinone, vitamin B _1, B _2, B ₆ Ginkgo biloba workpieces steamed roasted containing .