JP2000055910A - Soil constituent automatic analysis device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To compose a device compactly and inexpensively by simplifying a mechanism for pretreatment when automatically analyzing the pH, each kind of ion, and conductivity of soil constituents. SOLUTION: An automatic analysis device is provided with a pallet 11 for accommodating a plurality of gathered soil samples, an ionization constituent extraction means I for extracting the ionization constituent of each soil sample, a pretreatment means M for pretreatment for measuring the pH of each soil sample, a measurement means S with a plurality of electrodes for measuring the pH, conductivity, and at least two types of ionization constituents of each soil sample, and a carrying device 6 for moving the pallet 11 at least along the X and Y axes and for carrying it to the positions of the ionization constituent extraction means I, the pretreatment means M, and the measurement means S, the sensor part of a plurality of electrodes for measuring the ionization constituents can be attached or detached, and the arbitrary ion seed of multiple constituents can be selected and analyzed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for measuring the pH,
The present invention relates to an automatic soil component analyzer for automatically analyzing various ions and conductivity.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in the case of automatically analyzing the pH, various ions and conductivity of a soil component, FIA (Flow Injection) has been used.
The FIA method is generally performed by taking out a collected soil sample in a tube and analyzing it with an analyzer. It is necessary to keep the pressure constant through the filter.

[0003]

In the case of the above-mentioned conventional FIA method, the mechanism of an apparatus for performing a pretreatment for automatically analyzing the pH, various ions and conductivity of soil components is complicated and large, and the cost is low. There is a problem of becoming high.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to simplify a mechanism of a device for performing a pretreatment when automatically analyzing the pH, various ions, and conductivity of soil components, An object of the present invention is to provide a small and inexpensive automatic soil component analyzer.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, an automatic soil component analyzer according to the present invention comprises a pallet containing a plurality of soil samples, and an ionizing component for extracting the ionized components of each of the soil samples. An extraction means, a pretreatment means for performing a pretreatment for measuring the pH of each of the soil samples, and a plurality of electrodes for measuring the pH, conductivity, and two or more types of ionized components of each of the soil samples. A plurality of measuring means, and a transport device for moving the pallet along at least the X-axis and the Y-axis, and transporting the ionized component to the positions of the ionized component extracting means, the pre-processing means, and the measuring means; The sensor section of the electrode is detachable, and an arbitrary multi-component ion species is selected for analysis.

Therefore, for example, soil samples collected from a plurality of collection positions in a field area are stored in a pallet, the pallet is fixed to a transport device, the pallet is moved by the transport device, and the ionized component extracting means is used. Is extracted, and p of each soil sample is extracted by pretreatment means.
Perform pretreatment for measuring H, measure the pH and conductivity of each soil sample using the electrodes of the measuring means,
The electrode sensor for measuring ionized components was exchanged according to the desired ion species, and any multi-component ion species was selected for analysis. The mechanism of the apparatus for performing pre-processing when automatically analyzing ions and conductivity is simplified, and the apparatus can be made small and inexpensive.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In these figures, reference numeral 1 denotes a field region to be measured, 2 denotes a plurality of predetermined collection positions in the field region 1, and a sampling machine 3 for collecting a soil sample at the collection position 2 has a GPS (Global). Positioning Sy
A GPS receiver for receiving GPS data transmitted from a communication satellite 4 is provided. As shown in FIG. 1, the position of the sampling machine 3 is accurately detected and the soil sample at the sampling position 2 is provided. Collect.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a table, and reference numeral 6 denotes a transfer device provided on the table 5. The transfer device comprises an X-axis transfer table 7 and a Y-axis transfer table 8. Each of the transfer tables 7, 8 has a belt conveyor 9 respectively. , 10 are provided, and the Y-axis direction transfer table 8 is fixed to the belt conveyor 9 of the X-axis direction transfer table 7.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a box-shaped pallet fixed to the belt conveyor 10 of the Y-axis direction transfer table 8. The pallet has a part of an upper surface and a lower surface opened. The formed plate 14 is attached, and each through-hole 13 is formed.
Into which a plurality of collected soil samples are stored, for example, a polyethylene cup (hereinafter simply referred to as a polycup) 15 is inserted.
, The upper surface of the polycup 15 protrudes from the through-hole 13 to support the polycup 15. The capacity of the polycup 15 is, for example, 50 ml and the inner diameter φ4.
0 mm. Behind the upper surface opening 12, an ultrasonic cleaning tank 16 and a plurality of calibration liquids 17 are provided in order from the left. Then, both belt conveyors 9 and 10 are driven by a driving mechanism (not shown), and the Y-axis direction transfer table 8 is moved in the left-right direction by the belt conveyor 9 of the X-axis direction transfer table 7, and the belt of the Y-axis direction transfer table 8 The pallet 11 is moved by the conveyor 10 in the front-back direction. Reference numeral 18 denotes a vertically movable weighing scale provided on the Y-axis direction transfer table 8, which is located below the pallet 11 transferred by the Y-axis direction transfer table 8.
Rises, the polycup 15 of the pallet 11
Is placed on the detection unit 19 of the weigh scale 18 and rises, the polycup 15 is separated from the through hole 13 and the soil sample is measured.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a gantry attached to the rear of the table 5. Two polytanks 21 are placed on the left side of the gantry 20, one of which holds ion-exchanged water, and the other of which holds each polytank 21. A pretreatment agent for measuring the pH of the soil sample, for example, KCl, is contained.
Reference numeral 22 denotes a measuring container provided behind the two polytanks 21. A dispenser 23 is provided above the measuring container 22. The ion-exchanged water injected into the measuring container 22 by the dispenser 23 or The liquid level of the processing agent is detected by an optical sensor (not shown) to make the level constant. 24 is a measuring container 22
This is a switching valve of the dispenser 23 for injecting and discharging the ion-exchanged water or the pretreatment agent injected into the hopper.

Reference numeral 25 denotes a holder up / down moving mechanism, which is provided with a plurality of holders 26 arranged in a horizontal direction so as to be movable up and down.
A nozzle 28 for ion-exchanged water, a stirrer 29, a conductivity measurement electrode 30, for example, an electrode 31 for measuring NO ₃ ions, for example, an electrode 32 for measuring K ⁺ ions, and an electrode 33 for pH measurement are gripped, and each holder is held. 26 is located above the pallet 11 transported by the Y-axis
Is lowered, the polycup 15 of the pallet 11
Pretreatment agent nozzle 27, ion-exchanged water nozzle 28,
One of the stirrer 29, the conductivity measurement electrode 30, the ion electrode 31, the ion electrode 32, and the pH measurement electrode 33 is inserted into the polycup 15. The pretreatment agent nozzle 27 and the ion-exchanged water nozzle 28 are connected to a dispenser 23.

Then, the poly tank 21, the measuring container 2
2, an injecting device 23, a switching valve 24, an ion-exchanged water nozzle 28 and an agitator 29 constitute an ionized component extracting means I, a polytank 21, a measuring container 22, and an injecting device 2.
3, a pre-processing means M is constituted by the switching valve 24 and the pre-treatment agent nozzle 27, and the holder up-down movement mechanism 25, the holder 26, the stirrer 29, the conductivity measuring electrode 30, the ion electrode 31, the ion electrode 32, the pH Measuring means S is constituted by the measuring electrode 33.

Reference numeral 34 denotes a table placed behind the table 5, and 35 denotes a personal computer (hereinafter referred to as a personal computer). A personal computer 36 and a keyboard 37 are mounted on the table 34, and a display 38 is provided on the upper surface of the personal computer 36. It is placed. Reference numeral 39 denotes a measuring panel mounted on the rear part of the table 5, and includes a transport device 6, a weighing scale 18, a dispenser 23, a switching valve 24, and a holder vertical movement mechanism 25.
A controller for controlling the operation and the like and main bodies of a conductivity meter, various ion meters, and a pH meter are housed, and a measurement panel 39 and a personal computer 35 are connected by a connection cable 40.

Next, the configuration of the ion electrodes 31 and 32 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. In the figure, 41
Is a cylindrical support, which is obtained by integrating two cylindrical bodies 42 and 43 by ultrasonic welding, and 44 is a fused part. In the lower portion of the cylindrical support 41, recesses 45 and 46 for detachably mounting the glass electrode 48 and the external liquid junction 69 (both of which will be described later) of the comparison electrode 63 are formed. Above the concave portions 45 and 46, an annular partition wall 47 is provided upright so as to be concentric with the cylindrical support 41 and between the cylindrical support 41 and an internal liquid storage portion 80 (described later). I have.

Reference numeral 48 denotes a glass electrode (an example of a sensor unit).
For example, a glass responsive film 49 is provided at the lower end, and an internal electrode 5 made of AgCl is placed in a glass support tube 51 whose outer periphery excluding the glass responsive film 49 is covered with a resin body 50.
2 and a KCl solution 53 as an internal solution are sealed, and a silver wire 54 carrying the internal electrode 52 is a platinum wire 55
Through a plug 5 projecting from the upper part of the resin body 50
6 is connected. The glass electrode 48 thus configured is detachable. When the glass electrode 48 is attached to the concave portion 45, the plug 56 is attached to the lower end of the connector 57 erected above the concave portion 45. It is designed to be electrically coupled to the formed receptacle 58. In addition, reference numeral 59 denotes a side wall provided upright on the concave portion 45, and reference numerals 60 to 62 denote sealing members.

Reference numeral 63 denotes a comparison electrode, which is formed in a so-called double junction type in this embodiment. That is, 6
Reference numeral 4 denotes an internal space formed between the annular partition wall 47 and the side wall 65 erected inside the annular partition 47 above the concave portion 46, and has an internal liquid junction made of porous plastic at the lower end thereof. And an internal electrode 67 made of AgCl and KC as an internal liquid.
1 solution 68 is housed therein, and an external liquid junction 69 made of porous ceramic is provided with a rubber packing 70 and a resin 7.
1 and the internal liquid junction 6
The KCl solution 68 is filled in a communication space 72 formed below the inner wall 6 and communicated with an internal liquid reservoir 80 (described later) between the annular partition 47 and the cylindrical support 41. Reference numeral 73 denotes a rubber packing as a hermetic plug that closes the upper part of the internal space 64 with the upper end of the internal electrode 67 protruding.

Reference numeral 74 denotes a temperature sensor housed in a metal case 76 connected to a ground wire 75, and reference numerals 78 and 79 denote lead wires connected to the temperature sensor 74. Reference numeral 80 denotes an internal liquid reservoir formed between the cylindrical support 41 and the annular partition 47, and the lower end thereof has an internal liquid junction 66 via a communication space 72.
The upper end side is in communication with the internal liquid inlet 81 formed at the upper end of the cylindrical support 41. Then, the KC into the internal liquid storage section 80 is
The supply of the 1 solution 68 is performed through a tube (not shown) connected to the KCl solution tank and the internal liquid introduction unit 81, and the KCl solution 68 entering the internal liquid storage unit 80 fills the communication space 72, Further, K in the internal liquid storage unit 80
The liquid surface E of the Cl solution 68 is filled so as to be higher than the cable connection portion 85 (described later). In the illustrated example, the cylindrical body 82 is ultrasonically fused at the upper end of the annular partition 47 so that the internal liquid storage section 80 is formed into the cylindrical support 41.
83, the cylindrical body 82 and the cylindrical body 4
2 is a seal member interposed therebetween.

Reference numeral 84 denotes a lead-out cable for transmitting a signal from the glass electrode 48 or the like to a measuring apparatus main body (not shown), and has five core wires 84a to 84e. An upper end of the connector 57;
The core wire 84b is the upper end of the internal electrode 67 of the comparison electrode 63, the core wires 84c and 84d are the lead wires 78 and 79 of the temperature sensor 74, and the core wire 84e is the ground wire 7.
5 respectively. And in this form,
The cable connecting portion 85 is located in the annular partition wall 47. Reference numeral 86 denotes a groove for mounting a seal member which is recessed outside the cylindrical support 41.

Then, any ion species, for example, K ⁺ , C
a ²⁺ , Pb ²⁺ , Zn ²⁺ , Ag ⁺ , Cd ²⁺ , Cu ²⁺ , Zr
_{^{2+, NH 4 +, NO 3}} -, Cl -, Br -, F -,
The analysis can be performed by replacing the glass electrode 48 of the ion electrode according to I ⁻ , SO ₄ ²⁻ , S ²⁻ , CN ⁻ , SCN ⁻ , NH _{3, and the} like.

Next, the step of automatically analyzing the soil component will be described with reference to FIGS. First, sampling machine 3
For example, about 20 g of soil samples at a plurality of predetermined sampling positions 2 in the field area 1 are collected, and the collected soil samples are put into the respective polycups 15.
5 is inserted into each through hole 13 of the pallet 11 and the pallet 11 is fixed to the Y-axis direction transfer table 8 (S ₁ ).
The pallet 11 is moved in the left-right direction and the front-back direction by the belt conveyors 9 and 10 (S ₂ ), and the desired polycup 15 is positioned above the weighing scale 18. to enter the time to the PC 35 (S _3).

Next, the weighing scale 18 is raised and the detecting unit 1
The polycup 15 is placed on 9 and the soil sample is weighed (S ₄ ).

Then, the pallet 11 is positioned below the holder vertical movement mechanism 25 (S ₅ ), and the dispenser 2
In step 3, an optical sensor (not shown) detects the level of the ion-exchanged water or the pretreatment agent injected from the one polytank 21 into the measuring container 22 and the ion-exchanged water or the pre-treatment agent. performs metering processing agent (S _6). Next, the nozzle 2 for ion-exchanged water of the holder vertical movement mechanism 25
8 is lowered and inserted into the desired plastic cup 15, switches the switching valve 24 to the exhaust and injects deionized water to the desired plastic cup 15 by syringe pump 23 (S _7).

The stirrer of the holder vertical movement mechanism 25
Polycup with ion-exchanged water injected by lowering 29
Stir 15 soil samples and remove the components of the soil sample.
Turn on (S₈). Next, the holder vertical movement mechanism 25
The conductivity measuring electrode 30 is lowered and the ion
Immersed in exchange water, and measured by the conductivity meter on the measuring panel 39.
Is measured (S₉), And then, of the holder vertical movement mechanism 25,
For example, NO_ThreeIon electrode 31, K⁺Ion electrode 32 down
And immersed in the solution of the polycup 15, _ThreeIo
N, K⁺Measure the ion concentration (S_Ten)_,(S₁₁).
In addition, ion exchange water, stirring, conductivity measurement, ion concentration
During the measurement, the pallet 11 is appropriately moved by the transport device 6.
ing.

Next, the pretreatment agent nozzle 27 of the holder vertical movement mechanism portion 25 is lowered and inserted into the desired plastic cup 15, the addition of pretreatment agent on the plastic cup 15 by syringe pump 23 (S _12), In the same manner as described above, the mixture is stirred by the stirrer 29 (S ₁₃ ), and the pH measurement electrode 33 is lowered to measure the pH (S ₁₄ ). Also in this case, similarly to the above, the pallet 11 is appropriately moved by the transport device 6 when the pretreatment agent is added and the pH is measured.

Then, the measured ion concentration, conductivity,
The pH is input to the personal computer 35, and for example, a distribution map of nutrients in the soil on a large-scale farm can be created and used for equalizing soil nutrients and partially correcting nutrients in soil. In addition, the stirrer 29 of the holder vertical movement mechanism 25, the conductivity measuring electrode 30, the ion electrode 31, the ion electrode 32, p
The H measuring electrode 33 is cleaned by the ultrasonic cleaning tank 16 of the pallet 11 by moving the transport device 6 each time. In the above-described embodiment, a glass electrode is used for the sensor section of the ion electrode, but a liquid film electrode, a solid film electrode, or the like may be used.

[0026]

As described above, the automatic soil component analyzer of the present invention stores soil samples collected from a plurality of collection positions in a field area on a pallet, and fixes the pallet to a transport device. The pallet is moved by the transport device, each soil sample is weighed by the weighing scale, ionized components are extracted by the ionized component extraction means, and pretreatment for measuring the pH of each soil sample is performed by the pretreatment means. In addition to measuring the pH and conductivity of each soil sample with the electrode, the sensor part of the electrode for measuring the ionized component is exchanged according to an arbitrary ion type, and an arbitrary multi-component ion type is selected and analyzed. As a result, the mechanism of the pretreatment device for automatically analyzing the pH, various ions, and the conductivity of the soil component is simplified, and the size and cost are reduced. It can be formed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of collecting a soil sample at a plurality of collecting positions in a field area by a collecting machine provided with a GPS receiver.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a step of automatically analyzing a soil component in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of FIG.

FIGS. 5A and 5B are longitudinal sectional views of the ion electrode of FIG. 1, and FIGS. 5C and 5C are bottom views of FIGS.

[Explanation of symbols]

6 ... Conveying device, 11 ... Pallet, 30 ... Electrode, 31 ... Electrode, 32 ... Electrode, 33 ... Electrode, 49 ... Sensor part, I ... Ionized component extraction means, M ... Pretreatment means, S ... Measurement means.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2G058 AA02 CB09 CB15 CE02 CE03 EA05 EC03 ED07 ED19 FA02 GA11 GB02 GB06 GD07 HA04 2G060 AA06 AE17 AE18 AF08 AF13 AG03 FA06 KA10

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pallet containing a plurality of soil samples, an ionization component extraction unit for extracting an ionization component of each of the soil samples, and a pretreatment unit for performing a pretreatment for measuring the pH of each of the soil samples. Measuring means having a plurality of electrodes for measuring pH, conductivity, and two or more types of ionized components of each of the soil samples; and moving the pallet along at least the X-axis and the Y-axis;
A transport device for transporting the ionized component extraction means, the pre-processing means, and the measuring means to a position; a plurality of electrode sensors for measuring the ionized components being detachable; An automatic soil component analyzer characterized by selecting and analyzing.