CN109470535B - Microwave pretreatment device and microwave pretreatment method for soil heavy metal detection - Google Patents
Microwave pretreatment device and microwave pretreatment method for soil heavy metal detection Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109470535B CN109470535B CN201811340482.XA CN201811340482A CN109470535B CN 109470535 B CN109470535 B CN 109470535B CN 201811340482 A CN201811340482 A CN 201811340482A CN 109470535 B CN109470535 B CN 109470535B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- unit
- grabbing
- communication connection
- control unit
- soil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
- G01N1/4044—Concentrating samples by chemical techniques; Digestion; Chemical decomposition
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/44—Sample treatment involving radiation, e.g. heat
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
- G01N2001/085—Grabs
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a microwave pretreatment device and a microwave pretreatment method for soil heavy metal detection. The device includes: a slideway is arranged at the front 1/2 position of the supporting cross bar; the conveying unit is arranged below the supporting cross rod; the first grabbing unit is arranged in the slideway, and a first receiver and a first gravity sensor are arranged on the first grabbing unit; the second grabbing unit is arranged in the slideway and provided with a second receiver; the accommodating unit is arranged on the transmission unit, the bottom of the accommodating unit is provided with a transmitter, and the transmitter is in communication connection with the first receiver and the second receiver; the pretreatment unit is arranged on the supporting cross rod through a telescopic rod; the information processing unit is in communication connection with the first gravity sensor and the emitter; and the control unit is in communication connection with the information processing unit and is used for controlling the operation of the preprocessing device. Semi-automatic pretreatment process has improved experimenter's security, and is more quick and complete to clearing up of soil, improves the accuracy of heavy metal survey in the soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of soil detection, in particular to a microwave pretreatment device and a microwave pretreatment method for soil heavy metal detection.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of various industries such as metallurgy, building, chemical industry and the like, the demand of resources is increasing, but the pollution problem is becoming serious. Soil is an important component of a land ecosystem, the content of heavy metals in the soil is closely related to the life of people, but the heavy metal pollution of the soil is increased continuously, and the hysteresis, the concealment and the long-term property of the heavy metal pollution are one of environmental problems which are concerned globally.
With the increase of mining and smelting processing activities, the large discharge of waste water, waste gas and waste residues leads to serious standard exceeding of some heavy metals such as lead, chromium, cadmium and the like in soil, and the human health receives a serious challenge through the transmission of a food chain, and researches show that after the cadmium-containing rice is eaten, a human body can generate multiple influences, such as: the content of cadmium in urine is increased; the incidence of diseases such as blood ejection, bone pain, cancer and the like is also increased, causing serious and long-term harm to health. Therefore, the accuracy of soil detection is an important link for reducing the harm of soil to human body.
The pretreatment-digestion of soil elements determines the accuracy of a test result, at present, the mainstream digestion methods mainly comprise digestion methods such as wet digestion, microwave digestion, high-pressure digestion and alkaline digestion, and the microwave digestion methods are widely applied due to the advantages of high digestion speed, less reagent consumption, high digestion efficiency and the like, but the existing microwave digestion methods are manual digestion and have the defects that the process is difficult to control, and the measurement of various elements is inaccurate.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a microwave pretreatment apparatus and a microwave pretreatment method for detecting heavy metals in soil, which can improve the accuracy of the measurement of heavy metals in soil.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a microwave pretreatment device and a microwave pretreatment method for detecting heavy metals in soil, which can improve the accuracy of the measurement of the heavy metals in the soil through a semi-automatic microwave pretreatment device.
According to one aspect of the invention, a microwave pretreatment device for detecting heavy metals in soil is provided. The microwave pretreatment device comprises:
the front 1/2 position of the supporting cross bar is provided with a slide way;
a transfer unit disposed below the support rail;
the first grabbing unit is arranged in the slideway, and a first receiver and a first gravity sensor are arranged on the first grabbing unit;
the second grabbing unit is arranged in the slide way, and a second receiver is arranged on the second grabbing unit;
the accommodating unit is arranged on the conveying unit, a transmitter is arranged at the bottom of the accommodating unit, and the transmitter is in communication connection with the first receiver and the second receiver and is used for accommodating grabbers of the first grabbing unit and the second grabbing unit;
the pretreatment unit is arranged on the supporting cross rod through a telescopic rod and is used for treating the grabber in the accommodating unit;
the information processing unit is in communication connection with the first gravity sensor and the transmitter;
and the control unit is in communication connection with the information processing unit and is used for controlling the first grabbing unit to move along the slide way in the forward direction and controlling the second grabbing unit to move along the slide way in the reverse direction so as to control the telescopic rod to stretch and control the conveying unit to operate.
Preferably, the preprocessing unit includes:
the shell is of a hollow structure and is arranged on the supporting cross rod through a telescopic rod;
a rotating part disposed on an inner upper wall of the housing;
a plurality of magnetrons disposed on the interior upper and side walls of the enclosure;
a vent disposed below an outer wall of the housing;
the first humidity sensor is arranged in the shell and is in communication connection with the control unit;
the temperature sensor is arranged in the shell and is in communication connection with the information processing unit;
and the third receiver is arranged in the shell and is in communication connection with the control unit.
Preferably, the microwave pretreatment apparatus further comprises:
the fan is fixed on the outer wall of the shell of the pretreatment unit through a support plate, and an air outlet of the fan is communicated with the ventilation opening;
and the communication switch is used for controlling the opening and closing of the fan and is in communication connection with the control unit.
Preferably, the microwave pretreatment apparatus further comprises:
and the air purification unit is arranged at the air inlet of the fan.
Preferably, the microwave pretreatment apparatus further comprises:
the second humidity sensor is arranged in the accommodating unit and is in communication connection with the information processing unit;
the second gravity sensor is arranged in the accommodating unit and is in communication connection with the information processing unit;
the oscillator is arranged in the containing unit and is in communication connection with the second humidity sensor and the control unit respectively.
Preferably, the first grasping unit includes:
the vertical arm is arranged in the slide way and is controlled by the control unit;
the movable arm is L-shaped and is connected with the vertical arm in a rotating mode, the first receiver is arranged below the movable arm, and the first gravity unit is arranged above the movable arm.
Preferably, the second grasping unit includes:
the vertical mechanical arm is arranged in the slideway and is controlled by the control unit;
the manipulator is movably connected with the vertical mechanical arm, and the second receiver is arranged below the manipulator.
According to another aspect of the invention, a microwave pretreatment method for soil heavy metal detection is provided, and the microwave pretreatment method comprises the following steps:
the first grabbing unit grabs a soil sample and pours the soil sample into the containing unit;
preparing nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution, and pouring the nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution into the containing unit through the second grabbing unit;
the humidity of a second humidity sensor in the accommodating unit rises, and the oscillator starts to oscillate;
the control unit controls the forward movement of the conveying unit and conveys the accommodating unit to the position below the pretreatment unit;
the temperature of the pretreatment unit rises to more than 200 ℃, the control unit controls the conveying unit to move reversely, and the accommodating unit is conveyed to the position below the second grabbing unit;
pouring the prepared acid solution into the containing unit through the second grabbing unit;
the control unit controls the conveying unit to move forward to a position below the pretreatment unit;
and the temperature of the pretreatment unit rises to more than 150 ℃, and the solution in the accommodating unit is taken away for measuring the heavy metal elements in the soil.
Preferably, the mass of the nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solutions is obtained from the monitoring result of the first gravity sensor.
Preferably, the quality of the acid solution is obtained from the monitoring result of the second gravity sensor.
According to the microwave pretreatment device and the microwave pretreatment method for soil heavy metal detection, the microwave pretreatment device and the microwave pretreatment method have the advantages that: the automatic sampling of soil sample is realized through the first unit of snatching and the setting of second snatching the unit to carry out microwave pretreatment through the pretreatment unit to soil sample, semi-automatization's pretreatment process has improved experimenter's security, and is more quick and complete to clearing up of soil, improves the accuracy of heavy metal survey in the soil.
The apparatus and methods of the present invention have other features and advantages which will be apparent from or are set forth in detail in the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description, which are incorporated herein, and which together serve to explain certain principles of the invention.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a microwave pretreatment device for soil heavy metal detection according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a flowchart of the steps of a microwave pretreatment method for soil heavy metal detection according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a support rail; 101. a slideway; 2. a first grasping unit; 201. a vertical arm; 202. a movable arm; 203. a first receiver; 204. a first gravity sensor; 3. a second grasping unit; 301. a vertical mechanical arm; 302. a manipulator; 303. a second receiver; 4. a telescopic rod; 5. a pre-processing unit; 501. a housing; 502. a rotating part; 503. a magnetron; 504. a vent; 505. a first humidity sensor; 506. a temperature sensor; 507. a third receiver; 6. an accommodating unit; 7. a transmitter; 8. a second humidity sensor; 9. a second gravity sensor; 10. an oscillator; 11. a fan; 12. an air purification unit; 13. and a transmission unit.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While the preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
The invention provides a microwave pretreatment device for detecting heavy metals in soil, which comprises:
the front 1/2 position of the supporting cross bar is provided with a slideway;
the conveying unit is arranged below the supporting cross rod;
the first grabbing unit is arranged in the slideway, and a first receiver and a first gravity sensor are arranged on the first grabbing unit;
the second grabbing unit is arranged in the slideway, and a second receiver is arranged on the second grabbing unit;
the accommodating unit is arranged on the conveying unit, the bottom of the accommodating unit is provided with a transmitter, and the transmitter is in communication connection with the first receiver and the second receiver and is used for accommodating grabbers of the first grabbing unit and the second grabbing unit;
the pretreatment unit is arranged on the supporting cross rod through a telescopic rod and is used for treating the grabbed objects in the accommodating unit;
the information processing unit is in communication connection with the first gravity sensor and the emitter;
and the control unit is in communication connection with the information processing unit and is used for controlling the first grabbing unit to move forward along the slide 101, controlling the second grabbing unit to move backward along the slide, controlling the telescopic rod to stretch and control the conveying unit to operate.
Wherein, first grabbing unit includes:
the vertical arm is arranged in the slideway and is controlled by the control unit;
the movable arm is L-shaped and is rotatably connected with the vertical arm, the first receiver is arranged below the movable arm, and the first gravity unit is arranged above the movable arm.
Wherein the second grabbing unit comprises:
the vertical mechanical arm is arranged in the slideway and is controlled by the control unit;
the manipulator is movably connected with the vertical manipulator, and the second receiver is arranged below the manipulator.
When the first grabbing unit does not work, one side of the movable arm is in the same straight line with the vertical arm, when the first grabbing unit grabs soil to be detected, after a first gravity sensor on the first grabbing unit senses the weight of the soil to be detected, the movable arm rotates, one side of the movable arm is perpendicular to the vertical arm to form a container, the soil to be detected is grabbed, the first gravity sensor sends signals to the information processing unit, the information processing unit sends the information to the control unit, the control unit controls the vertical arm to move to the position above the containing unit along the slide way, the first receiver is communicated with the transmitter through the signals, the first grabbing unit stops, the movable arm descends, and the soil to be detected falls into the containing unit.
After the information processing unit receives the information of the first gravity sensor, the weight ratio of the added nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid is calculated according to the weight information of the soil to be detected, the prepared nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution is placed in the mechanical arm, the control unit controls the vertical mechanical arm to move reversely to the position above the containing unit along the slide way, the second receiver is communicated with the signal of the transmitter, the second grabbing unit stops, and the mechanical arm pours the nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution into the second containing unit.
Preferably, the microwave pretreatment apparatus further comprises:
the second humidity sensor is arranged in the accommodating unit and is in communication connection with the information processing unit;
the second gravity sensor is arranged in the accommodating unit and is in communication connection with the information processing unit;
the oscillator is arranged in the accommodating unit and is in communication connection with the second humidity sensor and the control unit respectively.
The second humidity sensor monitors that the humidity rises, the information processing unit receives information of the second humidity sensor and sends the information to the control unit, and the control unit controls the oscillator to oscillate so as to uniformly oscillate the solvent in the containing unit. The second gravity sensor transmits the monitored weight information to the information processing unit in real time, and the control unit controls the transmission unit to move when the weight reaches the total mass of the soil to be detected, the nitric acid and the hydrofluoric acid.
Preferably, the pretreatment unit comprises:
the shell is of a hollow structure and is arranged on the supporting cross rod through a telescopic rod;
the rotating part is arranged on the inner upper wall of the shell;
a plurality of magnetrons disposed on the inner upper wall and the side walls of the housing;
the ventilation opening is arranged below the outer wall of the shell;
the first humidity sensor is arranged in the shell and is in communication connection with the control unit;
the temperature sensor is arranged in the shell and is in communication connection with the information processing unit;
and the third receiver is arranged in the shell and is in communication connection with the control unit.
Preferably, the microwave pretreatment apparatus further comprises:
the fan is fixed on the outer wall of the shell of the pretreatment unit through a support plate, and an air outlet of the fan is communicated with the ventilation opening;
and the communication switch is used for controlling the opening and closing of the fan and is in communication connection with the control unit.
The control unit controls the transmission unit to move, when the emitter is in signal communication with the third receiver, the transmission unit stops moving, the control unit controls the extension of the telescopic rod, and the pretreatment unit is covered on the containing unit.
The humidity of the first humidity sensor rises, the control unit controls the plurality of magnetrons to generate heat, the rotating part is controlled to rotate, and the electromagnetic waves are uniformly dispersed and pretreated in the unit, so that the heating is more uniform.
The temperature sensor sends temperature information to the information processing unit in real time, when the temperature reaches 200 ℃, a plurality of magnetrons stop working, the control unit controls the fan to be started, air cooling is carried out, when the real-time temperature monitored by the temperature sensor is 40-60 ℃, the fan stops, the magnetrons work, the solvent in the accommodating unit is evaporated to dryness, the humidity of the second humidity sensor is reduced to be below 5%, the oscillator stops, when the humidity of the first humidity sensor is reduced to be below 5%, the control unit controls the telescopic rod to retract, the preprocessing unit ascends, and the control unit controls the conveying unit to move reversely.
And when the transmitter in the containing unit is in signal connection with the second receiver on the manipulator, the transmitting unit stops, and the manipulator pours the acid solution into the containing unit.
The second humidity sensor monitors that the humidity rises, the oscillator starts oscillation, the second gravity sensor monitors that the weight rises, the control unit controls the forward movement of the conveying unit to the lower side of the preprocessing unit, the transmitter is communicated with the third receiver through signals, the preprocessing unit descends, the first humidity sensor monitors that the humidity rises, the plurality of magnetrons and the rotating part work, when the temperature sensor monitors that the temperature is more than 150 ℃, the plurality of magnetrons and the rotating part stop, the first humidity sensor and the second humidity sensor monitor that the humidity falls, the preprocessing unit ascends, the accommodating unit leaks, the solvent in the accommodating unit can be taken away by a worker at the moment, and follow-up test work is carried out.
Wherein the acid solution is nitric acid, hydrochloric acid or aqua regia.
Preferably, the microwave pretreatment apparatus further comprises:
the air purification unit, the air purification unit sets up in the air intake department of fan.
The air purification unit is additionally arranged at the inlet of the fan, so that impurities can be prevented from entering the accommodating unit, and solvent pollution is caused.
The automatic sampling of soil sample is realized through the first unit of snatching and the setting of second snatching the unit to carry out microwave pretreatment through the pretreatment unit to soil sample, semi-automatization's pretreatment process has improved experimenter's security, and is more quick and complete to clearing up of soil, improves the accuracy of heavy metal survey in the soil.
The invention also provides a microwave pretreatment method for detecting the heavy metals in the soil, which comprises the following steps:
the first grabbing unit grabs the soil sample and pours the soil sample into the containing unit;
preparing nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution, and pouring the nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution into the containing unit through the second grabbing unit;
the humidity of a second humidity sensor in the accommodating unit rises, and the oscillator starts to oscillate;
the control unit controls the forward movement of the conveying unit and conveys the accommodating unit to the position below the pretreatment unit;
the temperature of the pretreatment unit rises to more than 200 ℃, the control unit controls the conveying unit to move reversely, and the accommodating unit is conveyed to the position below the second grabbing unit;
pouring the prepared acid solution into the containing unit through the second grabbing unit;
the control unit controls the forward movement of the conveying unit to the position below the pretreatment unit;
and (3) raising the temperature of the pretreatment unit to be more than 150 ℃, and taking away the solution in the containing unit to measure the heavy metal elements in the soil.
Wherein, when the pretreatment unit is used for the first treatment, the temperature is raised to more than 200 ℃ within 15-20 minutes. When the pretreatment unit is used for the second treatment, the temperature is raised to more than 150 ℃ within 20-25 minutes.
Preferably, the mass of the nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution is obtained according to the monitoring result of the first gravity sensor.
Wherein, the volume ratio range of the nitric acid and the hydrofluoric acid is as follows: (3-6): (2-4), the mass-to-volume ratio of the soil mass to be measured to the mass of the nitric acid and the hydrofluoric acid is (1-3) g: (50-100) ml.
Preferably, the quality of the acid solution is obtained according to the monitoring result of the second gravity sensor.
Wherein, the acid solution can be nitric acid, hydrochloric acid or aqua regia, and the acid solution accounts for 10-20% of the mass fraction.
Example 1
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a microwave pretreatment device for soil heavy metal detection according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the microwave pretreatment device for detecting heavy metals in soil of the present embodiment includes:
the supporting cross bar 1 is provided with a slide rail 101 at the front 1/2 position of the supporting cross bar 1;
a transfer unit 13, the transfer unit 13 being disposed below the support rail 1;
the first grabbing unit 2 is arranged in the slideway 101, and a first receiver 203 and a first gravity sensor 204 are arranged on the first grabbing unit 2;
the second grabbing unit 3 is arranged in the slide way 101, and a second receiver 303 is arranged on the second grabbing unit 3;
the accommodating unit 6 is arranged on the conveying unit 13, the bottom of the accommodating unit is provided with a transmitter 7, and the transmitter 7 is in communication connection with the first receiver 203 and the second receiver 303 and is used for accommodating the grabbers of the first grabbing unit 2 and the second grabbing unit 3;
the pretreatment unit 5 is arranged on the supporting cross rod 1 through a telescopic rod 4 and is used for treating the grabbed objects in the accommodating unit 6;
the information processing unit is in communication connection with the first gravity sensor 204 and the transmitter 7;
and the control unit is in communication connection with the information processing unit and is used for controlling the first grabbing unit 2 to move forwards along the slide 101, controlling the second grabbing unit 3 to move backwards along the slide 101, controlling the telescopic rod 4 to stretch and control the conveying unit 13 to operate.
Wherein the first grasping unit 2 includes:
the vertical arm 201 is arranged in the slide way 101 and is controlled by the control unit;
the movable arm 202, the movable arm 202 is L-shaped and is rotatably connected with the vertical arm 201, the first receiver 203 is disposed below the movable arm 202, and the first gravity unit is disposed above the movable arm 202.
Wherein the second grasping unit 3 includes:
the vertical mechanical arm 301 is arranged in the slide way 101, and is controlled by the control unit;
and the manipulator 302 is movably connected with the vertical mechanical arm 301, and the second receiver 303 is arranged below the manipulator 302.
The first grabbing unit 2 grabs soil to be detected, the control unit controls the vertical arm 201 to move forward to the position above the containing unit 6 along the slide way 101, the soil to be detected is poured into the containing unit 6, the information processing unit configures nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution according to information of the first gravity sensor 204 and places the nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution into the manipulator 302 of the second grabbing unit 3, the control unit controls the vertical manipulator 301 to move backward to the position above the containing unit 6 along the slide way 101, and the manipulator 302 pours the nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution into the second containing unit 6.
Further, the microwave pretreatment device further comprises:
the second humidity sensor 8 is arranged in the accommodating unit 6, and is in communication connection with the information processing unit;
the second gravity sensor 9 is arranged in the accommodating unit 6, and the second gravity sensor 9 is in communication connection with the information processing unit;
and the oscillator 10 is arranged in the accommodating unit 6, and is respectively in communication connection with the second humidity sensor 8 and the control unit.
The second humidity sensor 8 monitors that the humidity rises, the control unit can control the oscillator 10 to work, the solvent in the containing unit 6 is evenly oscillated, the second gravity sensor 9 transmits monitored weight information to the information processing unit in real time, and when the weight reaches the total mass of the soil to be detected, the nitric acid and the hydrofluoric acid, the control unit controls the transmission unit 13 to move in the forward direction.
Further, the preprocessing unit 5 includes:
the shell 501 is of a hollow structure, and the shell 501 is arranged on the supporting cross rod 1 through a telescopic rod 4;
a rotation portion 502, the rotation portion 502 being provided on an inner upper wall of the housing 501;
a plurality of magnetrons 503, the plurality of magnetrons 503 being disposed on the inner upper wall and the side walls of the housing 501;
a vent 504, the vent 504 being disposed below an outer wall of the housing 501;
the first humidity sensor 505 is arranged in the shell 501, and is in communication connection with the control unit;
the temperature sensor 506 is arranged in the shell 501 and is in communication connection with the information processing unit;
and a third receiver 507, wherein the third receiver 507 is arranged inside the housing 501 and is in communication connection with the control unit.
Wherein, microwave preprocessing device still includes:
the fan 11 is fixed on the outer wall of the shell 501 of the pretreatment unit 5 through a support plate, and an air outlet of the fan 11 is communicated with the vent 504;
and the communication switch is used for controlling the opening and closing of the fan 11 and is in communication connection with the control unit.
The accommodating unit 6 moves to the lower part of the pretreatment unit 5, the first humidity sensor 505 increases the humidity, the control unit controls the plurality of magnetrons 503 to generate heat, and controls the rotation part 502 to rotate, so as to uniformly disperse the electromagnetic waves and heat the interior of the pretreatment unit 5, thereby making the heating more uniform.
The temperature sensor 506 sends temperature information to the information processing unit in real time, when the temperature reaches 200 ℃, the magnetrons 503 stop working, the control unit controls the fan 11 to be started for air cooling, when the real-time temperature monitored by the temperature sensor 506 is 40-60 ℃, the fan 11 stops, the magnetrons 503 work, the solvent in the accommodating unit 6 is evaporated to dryness, at the moment, the humidity of the second humidity sensor 8 is reduced to be lower than 5%, the oscillator 10 stops, when the humidity of the first humidity sensor 505 is reduced to be lower than 5%, the control unit controls the telescopic rod 4 to retract, the preprocessing unit 5 ascends, and the control unit controls the conveying unit 13 to reversely move.
At this time, the second gravity sensor 9 transmits weight information to the information processing unit, and based on the weight information, an acid solution is configured and placed in the robot 302, the transmission unit 13 moves in a reverse direction, and when the transmitter 7 in the housing unit 6 is in signal connection with the second receiver 303 on the robot 302, the transmission unit 13 stops, and the robot 302 pours the acid solution into the housing unit 6.
When the second humidity sensor 8 monitors that the humidity rises, the oscillator 10 starts oscillating, the second gravity sensor 9 monitors that the weight rises, the control unit controls the conveying unit 13 to move forward to the position below the preprocessing unit 5, the emitter 7 is in signal communication with the third receiver 507, the preprocessing unit 5 descends, the first humidity sensor 505 monitors that the humidity rises, the plurality of magnetrons 503 and the rotating part 502 work, when the temperature sensor 506 monitors that the temperature is above 150 ℃, the plurality of magnetrons 503 and the rotating part 502 stop, the first humidity sensor 505 and the second humidity sensor 8 monitor that the humidity falls, the preprocessing unit 5 ascends, the accommodating unit 6 leaks, and at the moment, a worker can take away the solvent in the accommodating unit 6 to perform subsequent test work.
The acid solution in this example is nitric acid.
Further, the microwave pretreatment device further comprises:
and the air purification unit 12, the air purification unit 12 is arranged at the air inlet of the fan 11.
The air purification unit 12 is additionally arranged at the inlet of the fan 11, so that impurities can be prevented from entering the accommodating unit 6, and solvent pollution is caused.
Example 2
Fig. 2 shows a flowchart of the steps of a microwave pretreatment method for soil heavy metal detection according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a microwave pretreatment method for detecting heavy metals in soil, including:
the first grabbing unit 2 grabs the soil sample and pours the soil sample into the containing unit 6;
preparing nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution, and pouring the nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution into the containing unit 6 through the second grabbing unit 3;
the second humidity sensor 8 in the containing unit 6 rises in humidity, and the oscillator 10 starts oscillating;
the control unit controls the forward movement of the conveying unit 13 to convey the accommodating unit 6 to the position below the pretreatment unit 5;
the temperature of the pretreatment unit 5 rises to more than 200 ℃, the control unit controls the transmission unit 13 to move reversely, and the containing unit 6 is conveyed below the second grabbing unit 3;
pouring the prepared acid solution into the containing unit 6 through the second grabbing unit 3;
the control unit controls the conveying unit 13 to move forwards below the pretreatment unit 5;
the temperature of the pretreatment unit 5 rises to more than 150 ℃, and the solution in the containing unit 6 is taken away for the determination of the heavy metal elements in the soil.
In this example, the temperature was raised to 200 ℃ in 18 minutes in the first treatment by the pretreatment unit 5, and the temperature was raised to 150 ℃ in 20 minutes in the second treatment by the pretreatment unit 5.
Further, the mass of the nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution is obtained according to the monitoring result of the first gravity sensor 204.
In this embodiment, the volume ratio of the nitric acid to the hydrofluoric acid is 4:3, and the mass-to-volume ratio of the soil to be measured to the nitric acid to the hydrofluoric acid is 1 g: 80 ml.
Further, the quality of the acid solution is obtained from the monitoring result of the second gravity sensor 9.
In this example, the acid solution is nitric acid, and the mass fraction of the acid solution is 15%.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements made to the technology in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. The microwave preprocessing device that soil heavy metal detected, its characterized in that, microwave preprocessing device includes:
the front 1/2 position of the supporting cross bar is provided with a slide way;
a transfer unit disposed below the support rail;
the first grabbing unit is arranged in the slideway, and a first receiver and a first gravity sensor are arranged on the first grabbing unit;
the second grabbing unit is arranged in the slide way, and a second receiver is arranged on the second grabbing unit;
the accommodating unit is arranged on the conveying unit, a transmitter is arranged at the bottom of the accommodating unit, and the transmitter is in communication connection with the first receiver and the second receiver and is used for accommodating grabbers of the first grabbing unit and the second grabbing unit;
the pretreatment unit is arranged on the supporting cross rod through a telescopic rod and is used for treating the grabber in the accommodating unit;
the information processing unit is in communication connection with the first gravity sensor and the transmitter;
the control unit is in communication connection with the information processing unit and is used for controlling the first grabbing unit to move forward along the slide way, controlling the second grabbing unit to move backward along the slide way, controlling the telescopic rod to stretch and control the conveying unit to operate;
the preprocessing unit includes:
the shell is of a hollow structure and is arranged on the supporting cross rod through a telescopic rod;
a rotating part disposed on an inner upper wall of the housing;
a plurality of magnetrons disposed on the interior upper and side walls of the enclosure;
a vent disposed below an outer wall of the housing;
the first humidity sensor is arranged in the shell and is in communication connection with the control unit;
the temperature sensor is arranged in the shell and is in communication connection with the information processing unit;
the third receiver is arranged inside the shell and is in communication connection with the control unit;
the microwave pretreatment device further comprises:
the fan is fixed on the outer wall of the shell of the pretreatment unit through a support plate, and an air outlet of the fan is communicated with the ventilation opening;
the communication switch is used for controlling the opening and closing of the fan and is in communication connection with the control unit;
the second humidity sensor is arranged in the accommodating unit and is in communication connection with the information processing unit;
the second gravity sensor is arranged in the accommodating unit and is in communication connection with the information processing unit;
the oscillator is arranged in the containing unit and is in communication connection with the second humidity sensor and the control unit respectively.
2. The microwave pretreatment device for soil heavy metal detection according to claim 1, wherein the microwave pretreatment device further comprises:
and the air purification unit is arranged at the air inlet of the fan.
3. The microwave pretreatment device for soil heavy metal detection according to claim 1, wherein the first grasping unit comprises:
the vertical arm is arranged in the slide way and is controlled by the control unit;
the movable arm is L-shaped and is connected with the vertical arm in a rotating mode, the first receiver is arranged below the movable arm, and the first gravity unit is arranged above the movable arm.
4. The microwave pretreatment device for soil heavy metal detection according to claim 1, wherein the second grasping unit comprises:
the vertical mechanical arm is arranged in the slideway and is controlled by the control unit;
the manipulator is movably connected with the vertical mechanical arm, and the second receiver is arranged below the manipulator.
5. A microwave pretreatment method for soil heavy metal detection, which utilizes the microwave pretreatment device for soil heavy metal detection of any one of claims 1 to 4, the microwave pretreatment method comprising:
the first grabbing unit grabs a soil sample and pours the soil sample into the containing unit;
preparing nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution, and pouring the nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution into the containing unit through the second grabbing unit;
the humidity of a second humidity sensor in the accommodating unit rises, and the oscillator starts to oscillate;
the control unit controls the forward movement of the conveying unit and conveys the accommodating unit to the position below the pretreatment unit;
the temperature sensor sends temperature information to an information processing unit in real time, when the temperature of the preprocessing unit reaches 200 ℃, the magnetrons stop working, the control unit controls the fan to be started for air cooling, when the real-time temperature of the preprocessing unit monitored by the temperature sensor is 40-60 ℃, the fan stops working, the magnetrons work, the nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution in the containing unit is evaporated to dryness, at the moment, the humidity of the second humidity sensor is reduced to be below 5%, the oscillator stops oscillating, when the humidity of the first humidity sensor is reduced to be below 5%, the control unit controls the telescopic rod to retract, the preprocessing unit rises, the control unit controls the conveying unit to move reversely, and the containing unit is conveyed to the position below the second grabbing unit;
pouring the prepared acid solution into the containing unit through the second grabbing unit;
the control unit controls the conveying unit to move forward to a position below the pretreatment unit;
and the temperature of the pretreatment unit rises to more than 150 ℃, and the solution in the accommodating unit is taken away for measuring the heavy metal elements in the soil.
6. The microwave pretreatment method for soil heavy metal detection as claimed in claim 5, wherein the quality of the nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution is obtained according to the monitoring result of the first gravity sensor.
7. The microwave pretreatment method for soil heavy metal detection as claimed in claim 5, wherein the quality of the acid solution is obtained according to a monitoring result of the second gravity sensor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811340482.XA CN109470535B (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2018-11-12 | Microwave pretreatment device and microwave pretreatment method for soil heavy metal detection |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811340482.XA CN109470535B (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2018-11-12 | Microwave pretreatment device and microwave pretreatment method for soil heavy metal detection |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109470535A CN109470535A (en) | 2019-03-15 |
| CN109470535B true CN109470535B (en) | 2021-06-01 |
Family
ID=65671883
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811340482.XA Active CN109470535B (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2018-11-12 | Microwave pretreatment device and microwave pretreatment method for soil heavy metal detection |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109470535B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110376221B (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2024-02-13 | 安徽大学 | Automatic sample pressing device and method for soil heavy metal instrument |
| CN115824731A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2023-03-21 | 上海金艺检测技术有限公司 | Automatic pretreatment system for soil detection and analysis |
| CN116908244B (en) * | 2023-09-13 | 2023-12-22 | 四川省林业和草原调查规划院 | Sampling device for forestry ecological protection |
| CN117347096B (en) * | 2023-12-06 | 2024-05-10 | 沈阳海关技术中心 | A concentrated sampler for aquatic products detects |
Citations (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0961420A (en) * | 1995-08-30 | 1997-03-07 | Hitachi Ltd | Soil diagnosing pretreatment apparatus |
| JP2000055910A (en) * | 1998-08-07 | 2000-02-25 | Horiba Ltd | Soil constituent automatic analysis device |
| JP2006138660A (en) * | 2004-11-10 | 2006-06-01 | Canon Inc | Pretreatment method of analysis of metal in soil and fluorescent x-ray analyzing method using method |
| CN101732822A (en) * | 2008-11-04 | 2010-06-16 | 永旭环保科技股份有限公司 | Method for treating waste or soil polluted by heavy metal or dioxin |
| CN102601106A (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2012-07-25 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Ectopic leaching restoring device and restoring method for chromic slag polluted soil |
| CN104360090A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-02-18 | 北京吉天仪器有限公司 | Automatic soil analyzer and method for measuring trace elements in soil by using automatic soil analyzer |
| CN104569220A (en) * | 2015-01-11 | 2015-04-29 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Pretreatment device for online determination of nitrate nitrogen isotope in liquid |
| CN104849132A (en) * | 2015-05-30 | 2015-08-19 | 济南盛泰电子科技有限公司 | Digestion acid dispelling instrument |
| CN106190816A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-12-07 | 湖州高亿诺生物科技有限公司 | Automatization's microbial molecules detection equipment |
| CN206020417U (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-03-15 | 广州衡创测试技术服务有限公司 | A kind of Soil K+adsorption equipment |
| CN206104542U (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-04-19 | 姜娜 | Heavy metal soil processing apparatus and soil processing system |
| CN206573503U (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-10-20 | 广西泰诚土地咨询有限公司 | Soil heavy metal detects processing system |
| CN108181373A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-06-19 | 江苏中宜金大分析检测有限公司 | A kind of method of 12 kinds of metallic elements in measure soils and sediments |
| CN108453122A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-08-28 | 广东省生态环境技术研究所 | Place heavy-metal contaminated soil abatement equipment and its administering method |
-
2018
- 2018-11-12 CN CN201811340482.XA patent/CN109470535B/en active Active
Patent Citations (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0961420A (en) * | 1995-08-30 | 1997-03-07 | Hitachi Ltd | Soil diagnosing pretreatment apparatus |
| JP2000055910A (en) * | 1998-08-07 | 2000-02-25 | Horiba Ltd | Soil constituent automatic analysis device |
| JP2006138660A (en) * | 2004-11-10 | 2006-06-01 | Canon Inc | Pretreatment method of analysis of metal in soil and fluorescent x-ray analyzing method using method |
| CN101732822A (en) * | 2008-11-04 | 2010-06-16 | 永旭环保科技股份有限公司 | Method for treating waste or soil polluted by heavy metal or dioxin |
| CN102601106A (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2012-07-25 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Ectopic leaching restoring device and restoring method for chromic slag polluted soil |
| CN104360090A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-02-18 | 北京吉天仪器有限公司 | Automatic soil analyzer and method for measuring trace elements in soil by using automatic soil analyzer |
| CN104569220A (en) * | 2015-01-11 | 2015-04-29 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Pretreatment device for online determination of nitrate nitrogen isotope in liquid |
| CN104849132A (en) * | 2015-05-30 | 2015-08-19 | 济南盛泰电子科技有限公司 | Digestion acid dispelling instrument |
| CN106190816A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-12-07 | 湖州高亿诺生物科技有限公司 | Automatization's microbial molecules detection equipment |
| CN206020417U (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-03-15 | 广州衡创测试技术服务有限公司 | A kind of Soil K+adsorption equipment |
| CN206104542U (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-04-19 | 姜娜 | Heavy metal soil processing apparatus and soil processing system |
| CN206573503U (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-10-20 | 广西泰诚土地咨询有限公司 | Soil heavy metal detects processing system |
| CN108181373A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-06-19 | 江苏中宜金大分析检测有限公司 | A kind of method of 12 kinds of metallic elements in measure soils and sediments |
| CN108453122A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-08-28 | 广东省生态环境技术研究所 | Place heavy-metal contaminated soil abatement equipment and its administering method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 微波技术在地理学实验中的应用综述;吴彬，臧淑英;《实验室研究与探索》;20130430;第32卷(第4期);第27-29页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109470535A (en) | 2019-03-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109470535B (en) | Microwave pretreatment device and microwave pretreatment method for soil heavy metal detection | |
| CN207779848U (en) | A kind of clinker quality on-Line Monitor Device | |
| EP3527674B1 (en) | Tanning unit for life cycle assessment comprising a drum and method for processing life cycle assesment and/or life cycle cost | |
| CN1837800A (en) | Sulphur analyzer with automatic chain-like sample feeder | |
| CN212008030U (en) | High-efficient leaching system of heavy metal leaching characteristic among rapid identification solid particle | |
| CN117185612A (en) | Sludge dewatering reuse self-adaptive intelligent treatment system | |
| JPH0132939B2 (en) | ||
| CN206654523U (en) | A kind of automatic transport positioner | |
| CN207066916U (en) | A kind of bulk material moisture on-line detection means | |
| EP2327802B1 (en) | Determination of the bath level in metallurgical containers | |
| CN107702751A (en) | A kind of staining solution detection means for leather processing | |
| CN114135279B (en) | Quick identification and prediction system and method for alteration zone based on ground characteristic while-drilling test | |
| CN210690446U (en) | Online material moisture content detection device | |
| CN109226203A (en) | Powder processing system and processing method are discarded in a kind of machine-building | |
| CN2909248Y (en) | Intelligent instrument with automatic sample feeding device | |
| CN204924924U (en) | Online cyanide water quality analyzer | |
| CN209549504U (en) | A kind of reciprocal shaker | |
| CN114644371A (en) | AI-based sewage treatment visual early warning system and sewage treatment supervision method | |
| JPH09236597A (en) | Coke strength tester and coke strength automatic measuring apparatus | |
| CN112504907A (en) | Pellet feed PDI on-line measuring device | |
| CN206876680U (en) | A kind of salt quality automatic checking equipment | |
| DE2838066B2 (en) | Device for continuous moisture determination of fine ore types' | |
| JPS62250332A (en) | Concentration measuring apparatus | |
| CN216420245U (en) | Be applied to check out test set on squid piece letter sorting line | |
| CN216258040U (en) | Auxiliary device for post-processing of urine sample for inspection |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20210506 Address after: 133704 No.6, Changqing street, Huangnihe Town, Dunhua City, Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, Jilin Province Applicant after: Jilin xiaodechuan Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 113300 no.9-8, work area, wandianzi village, wandianzi Town, Qingyuan Manchu Autonomous County, Fushun City, Liaoning Province Applicant before: Cui Weijia |
|
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |