CN109470535A - The Microwave Pretreatment device and microwave method for preprocessing of heavy metal-polluted soil detection - Google Patents
The Microwave Pretreatment device and microwave method for preprocessing of heavy metal-polluted soil detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN109470535A CN109470535A CN201811340482.XA CN201811340482A CN109470535A CN 109470535 A CN109470535 A CN 109470535A CN 201811340482 A CN201811340482 A CN 201811340482A CN 109470535 A CN109470535 A CN 109470535A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G01N1/4044—Concentrating samples by chemical techniques; Digestion; Chemical decomposition
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- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/44—Sample treatment involving radiation, e.g. heat
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
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Abstract
The invention discloses the Microwave Pretreatment devices and microwave method for preprocessing of a kind of detection of heavy metal-polluted soil.The device includes: support rail, and preceding 1/2 position is equipped with slideway；Transmission unit is set to below support rail；First picking unit is set in slideway, which is provided with the first receiver and the first gravity sensor；Second picking unit, is set in slideway, which is provided with second receiver；Housing unit is set on transmission unit, and bottom is equipped with transmitter, transmitter and the first receiver and second receiver communication connection；Pretreatment unit is set on support rail by telescopic rod；Information process unit, with the first gravity sensor and transmitter communication connection；Control unit, and information process unit communication connection, for controlling the operation of pretreatment unit.Semi-automatic preprocessing process improves the safety of experimenter, more quickly and completely to the resolution of soil, improves the accuracy of heavy metal in soil measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Soil Testings, fill more particularly, to a kind of Microwave Pretreatment of heavy metal-polluted soil detection
It sets and microwave method for preprocessing.
Background technique
In recent years, with the fast development of all conglomeraties such as metallurgy, building, chemical industry, cause to the demand of resource increasingly
Increase, but consequent is getting worse for pollution problem.Soil is the important component of terrestrial ecosystems, in soil
The content of heavy metal and people's lives are closely bound up, but the hysteresis quality, hidden that heavy metal pollution of soil is continuously increased and has
Property and chronicity, have become one of environmental problem of global concern.
With exploitation mineral products, the movable increase of smelting processing, the discharge without restraint of waste water, exhaust gas and waste residue causes in soil
Some heavy metals such as lead, chromium, cadmium severely exceed, and by the transmitting of food chain, the health of the mankind has received stern challenge, grinds
Study carefully after showing the edible rice containing cadmium, human body can generate multiple influence, such as: rapid determination of content of cadmium element increases in urine；Spray blood,
The disease incidence of the diseases such as Itai-itai diseases, cancer can also increase, and cause serious and permanent harm to health.Therefore, Soil K+adsorption
Accuracy is to reduce the important link of soil harm to the human body.
Pre-treatment-resolution of soil element decides the accuracy of test result, currently, the digestion procedure of mainstream mainly has
The digestion procedures such as wet digestion, micro-wave digestion, high-pressure digestion and alkali melting method resolution, and Microwave Digestion is because oxidation rate is fast, disappears
The advantages that consumption reagent is few, resolution is high-efficient is widely used, but current Microwave Digestion is manually to be cleared up, there is
Process is difficult to control, and leads to the disadvantage of multiple element measurement inaccuracy.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop the Microwave Pretreatment device and microwave method for preprocessing of a kind of heavy metal-polluted soil detection, energy
Enough improve the accuracy of heavy metal in soil measurement.
The information for being disclosed in background of invention part is merely intended to deepen the reason to general background technique of the invention
Solution, and it is known to those skilled in the art existing to be not construed as recognizing or imply that the information is constituted in any form
Technology.
Summary of the invention
The invention proposes the Microwave Pretreatment devices and microwave method for preprocessing of a kind of detection of heavy metal-polluted soil, can
By semi-automatic Microwave Pretreatment device, the accuracy of heavy metal in soil measurement is improved.
According to an aspect of the invention, it is proposed that a kind of Microwave Pretreatment device of heavy metal-polluted soil detection.The microwave
Pretreatment unit includes:
Preceding 1/2 position of support rail, the support rail is equipped with slideway；
Transmission unit, the transmission unit are set to below the support rail；
First picking unit is set in the slideway, and first picking unit is equipped with the first receiver and first
Gravity sensor；
Second picking unit is set in the slideway, and second picking unit is equipped with second receiver；
Housing unit is set on the transmission unit, and bottom is equipped with transmitter, and the transmitter connects with described first
Device and the second receiver communication connection are received, for accommodating the crawl of first picking unit and second picking unit
Object；
Pretreatment unit, the pretreatment unit are set on the support rail by telescopic rod, described for handling
Crawl object in housing unit；
Information process unit, with first gravity sensor and the transmitter communication connection；
Control unit, and the information process unit communication connection, for controlling first picking unit along the cunning
Road forward direction is mobile, controls second picking unit and moves backward along the slideway, controls the flexible and control of the telescopic rod
The operation of transmission unit.
Preferably, the pretreatment unit includes:
Shell, is in hollow structure, and the shell is set on the support rail by telescopic rod；
Rotating part, the rotating part are set on the inner upper wall of the shell；
Multiple magnetrons, the multiple magnetron are set on the inner upper wall and side wall of the shell；
Ventilation opening, the ventilation opening are set to below the outer wall of the shell；
First humidity sensor, first humidity sensor are set to the interior of the shell, logical with described control unit
News connection；
Temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is arranged in the shell, with the information process unit communication connection；
Third receiver, the third receiver are set to the inside of the shell, with described control unit communication connection.
Preferably, the Microwave Pretreatment device further include:
Blower, the blower are fixed on the outer wall of the shell of the pretreatment unit by support plate, the blower
Air outlet is connected to the ventilation opening；
Communication switch, for controlling the opening and closing of the blower, with described control unit communication connection.
Preferably, the Microwave Pretreatment device further include:
Air cleaning member, the air cleaning member are set to the air inlet of the blower.
Preferably, the Microwave Pretreatment device further include:
Second humidity sensor, second humidity sensor are set in the housing unit, with the information processing
Unit communications connection；
Second gravity sensor, second gravity sensor is set in the housing unit, with information process unit
Communication connection；
Oscillator, the oscillator are set in the housing unit, respectively with second humidity sensor and described
Control unit communication connection.
Preferably, first picking unit includes:
Upright arm, the upright arm are set in the slideway, are controlled by described control unit；
Lever arm, the lever arm is L-shaped, is rotatablely connected with the upright arm, and first receiver is set to described
The lower section of lever arm, the first gravity unit are set to the top of the lever arm.
Preferably, second picking unit includes:
Vertical mechanical arm, the vertical mechanical arm are set in the slideway, are controlled by described control unit；
Manipulator, the manipulator are flexibly connected with the vertical mechanical arm, and the second receiver is set to the machine
The lower section of tool hand.
According to another aspect of the invention, it is proposed that a kind of microwave method for preprocessing of heavy metal-polluted soil detection, described micro-
Wave preprocess method includes:
First picking unit grabs pedotheque, and the pedotheque is poured into housing unit；
Nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution are configured, is poured into the housing unit by the second picking unit；
The second humidity sensor humidity in the housing unit rises, and oscillator starts to vibrate；
Control unit controls transmission unit forward motion, and the housing unit is delivered to below pretreatment unit；
The pretreatment unit temperature rises to 200 DEG C or more, and described control unit controls the transmission unit and reversely transports
It is dynamic, the housing unit is delivered to below second picking unit；
The acid solution of configuration is poured into the housing unit by second picking unit；
Described control unit controls below the transmission unit forward motion to the pretreatment unit；
The pretreatment unit temperature rises to 150 DEG C or more, and the solution taken away in the housing unit carries out soil weight
The measurement of metallic element.
Preferably, the quality of the nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution is obtained according to the monitoring result of the first gravity sensor.
Preferably, the quality of the acid solution is obtained according to the monitoring result of the second gravity sensor.
The Microwave Pretreatment device and microwave method for preprocessing of a kind of heavy metal-polluted soil detection according to the present invention, advantage
It is: the automatic sampling of pedotheque is realized by the setting of the first picking unit and the second picking unit, and passes through pretreatment
Unit carries out Microwave Pretreatment to pedotheque, and semi-automatic preprocessing process improves the safety of experimenter, to soil
The resolution of earth more quickly and completely, improves the accuracy of heavy metal in soil measurement.
Apparatus and method of the present invention has other characteristics and advantages, these characteristics and advantages are attached from what is be incorporated herein
It will be apparent in figure and subsequent specific embodiment, or will be in the attached drawing and subsequent specific implementation being incorporated herein
It is stated in detail in example, these the drawings and specific embodiments are used together to explain specific principle of the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Exemplary embodiment of the present is described in more detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, of the invention is above-mentioned and other
Purpose, feature and advantage will be apparent, wherein in exemplary embodiments of the present invention, identical appended drawing reference is usual
Represent same parts.
Fig. 1 shows a kind of Microwave Pretreatment of heavy metal-polluted soil detection of an exemplary embodiment according to the present invention
The structural schematic diagram of device.
Fig. 2 shows the microwave method for preprocessing of the heavy metal-polluted soil of an exemplary embodiment according to the present invention detection
Step flow chart.
Description of symbols:
1, support rail；101, slideway；2, the first picking unit；201, upright arm；202, lever arm；203, it first receives
Device；204, the first gravity sensor；3, the second picking unit；301, vertical mechanical arm；302, manipulator；303, it second receives
Device；4, telescopic rod；5, pretreatment unit；501, shell；502, rotating part；503, magnetron；504, ventilation opening；505, first is wet
Spend sensor；506, temperature sensor；507, third receiver；6, housing unit；7, transmitter；8, the second humidity sensor；
9, the second gravity sensor；10, oscillator；11, blower；12, air cleaning member；13, transmission unit.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although showing the preferred embodiment of the present invention in attached drawing,
However, it is to be appreciated that may be realized in various forms the present invention and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein.On the contrary, providing
These embodiments are of the invention more thorough and complete in order to make, and can will fully convey the scope of the invention to ability
The technical staff in domain.
The invention proposes a kind of Microwave Pretreatment device of heavy metal-polluted soil detection, which includes:
Preceding 1/2 position of support rail, support rail is equipped with slideway；
Transmission unit, transmission unit are set to below support rail；
First picking unit, is set in slideway, and the first picking unit is equipped with the first receiver and the first gravity sensitive
Device；
Second picking unit, is set in slideway, and the second picking unit is equipped with second receiver；
Housing unit is set on transmission unit, and bottom is equipped with transmitter, and transmitter connects with the first receiver and second
Device communication connection is received, for accommodating the crawl object of the first picking unit and the second picking unit；
Pretreatment unit, pretreatment unit are set on support rail by telescopic rod, for handling in housing unit
Grab object；
Information process unit, with the first gravity sensor and transmitter communication connection；
Control unit is moved for controlling the first picking unit along 101 forward direction of slideway with information process unit communication connection
Dynamic, the second picking unit of control is moved backward along slideway, controls flexible and control transmission unit the operation of telescopic rod.
Wherein, the first picking unit includes:
Upright arm, upright arm are set in slideway, are controlled by control unit；
Lever arm, lever arm is L-shaped, is rotatablely connected with upright arm, and the first receiver is set to the lower section of lever arm, and first
Gravity unit is set to the top of lever arm.
Wherein, the second picking unit includes:
Vertical mechanical arm, vertical mechanical arm are set in slideway, are controlled by control unit；
Manipulator, manipulator are flexibly connected with vertical mechanical arm, and second receiver is set to the lower section of manipulator.
When first picking unit does not work, one side of lever arm with upright arm on the same line, when the first picking unit
When grabbing soil to be measured, after the first gravity sensor thereon perceives the weight of soil to be measured, lever arm rotation, lever arm
It is vertical with upright arm on one side, a container is formed, soil to be measured is picked up, the first gravity sensor is sent a signal at information
Unit is managed, information process unit sends that information to control unit, and control unit controls upright arm and is moved to receiving along slideway
Above unit, the signal communication of the first receiver and transmitter, the first picking unit stops, and lever arm declines, by soil to be measured
Earth is fallen into housing unit.
After information process unit receives the information of the first gravity sensor, is calculated and added according to the weight information of soil to be measured
Enter the weight ratio of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid, and the nitric acid prepared and hydrofluoric acid solution are placed in manipulator, control unit control
Vertical mechanical arm is above slideway counter motion to housing unit, the signal communication of second receiver and transmitter, the second crawl
Unit stops, and manipulator pours into nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution in the second housing unit.
Preferably, Microwave Pretreatment device further include:
Second humidity sensor, the second humidity sensor are set in housing unit, with information process unit communication connection；
Second gravity sensor, the second gravity sensor are set in housing unit, with information process unit communication connection；
Oscillator, oscillator are set in housing unit, respectively with the second humidity sensor and control unit communication connection.
Second humidity sensor monitors that humidity rises, and information process unit receives the information of the second humidity sensor,
Control unit is sent this information to, control unit controls oscillator oscillation, by the solvent shaken well in housing unit.Second
Gravity sensor by the weight information real-time transmission to information process unit monitored, weight reach soil to be measured, nitric acid and
When the gross mass of hydrofluoric acid, control unit controls transmission unit movement.
Preferably, pretreatment unit includes:
Shell, is in hollow structure, and shell is set on support rail by telescopic rod；
Rotating part, rotating part are set on the inner upper wall of shell；
Multiple magnetrons, multiple magnetrons are set on the inner upper wall and side wall of shell；
Ventilation opening, ventilation opening are set to below the outer wall of shell；
First humidity sensor, the first humidity sensor are set to the interior of shell, with control unit communication connection；
Temperature sensor, temperature sensor is arranged in shell, with information process unit communication connection；
Third receiver, third receiver are set to the inside of shell, with control unit communication connection.
Preferably, Microwave Pretreatment device further include:
Blower, blower are fixed on the outer wall of the shell of pretreatment unit by support plate, the air outlet of blower and ventilation
Mouth connection；
Communication switch, for controlling the opening and closing of blower, with control unit communication connection.
Control unit controls transmission unit movement, and when transmitter and third receiver signal communication, transmission unit stops fortune
Dynamic, control unit controls telescopic rod elongation, and housing unit will be covered in outside pretreatment unit.
First humidity sensor humidity rises, and control unit controls multiple magnetron fevers, and control rotating part rotation, will
Electromagnetic wave uniformly disperses to make to heat more uniform in pretreatment unit.
Temperature information is sent to information process unit by temperature sensor in real time, when temperature reaches 200 DEG C, multiple magnetic controls
Pipe stops working, and control unit controls blower and opens, and progress is air-cooled, when the real time temperature of temperature sensor monitoring is 40-60 DEG C
When, blower stop, magnetron work, the solvent in housing unit is evaporated, at this time the second humidity sensor humidity be down to 5% with
Under, oscillator stops, and when the first humidity sensor humidity is down to 5% or less, control unit controls telescopic rod and retracts, and pretreatment is single
Member rises, and control unit controls transmission unit counter motion.
Weight information is sent to information process unit by the second gravity sensor at this time, according to the weight information, configuration acid
Solution is placed in manipulator, transmission unit counter motion, when second on the transmitter and manipulator in housing unit receives
Device signal is connected, and transmission unit stops, and manipulator pours into acid solution in housing unit.
Second humidity sensor monitors that humidity rises, and oscillator starts to vibrate, and the second gravity sensor monitors weight
Rising, control unit controls below transmission unit forward motion to pretreatment unit, transmitter and third receiver signal communication,
Pretreatment unit decline, the first humidity sensor monitor that humidity rises, multiple magnetrons and rotating part work, temperature sensor
When monitoring that temperature is 150 DEG C or more, multiple magnetrons and rotating part stop, the first humidity sensor and the second humidity sensor
Monitor that humidity declines, pretreatment unit rises, and housing unit leaks out, and staff can take away molten in housing unit at this time
Agent carries out follow-up test work.
Wherein, acid solution is nitric acid, hydrochloric acid or chloroazotic acid.
Preferably, Microwave Pretreatment device further include:
Air cleaning member, air cleaning member are set to the air inlet of blower.
Fans entrance adds air cleaning member, can be avoided impurity and enters in housing unit, leads to solvent contamination.
The automatic sampling of pedotheque is realized by the setting of the first picking unit and the second picking unit, and by locating in advance
It manages unit and Microwave Pretreatment is carried out to pedotheque, semi-automatic preprocessing process improves the safety of experimenter, right
The resolution of soil more quickly and completely, improves the accuracy of heavy metal in soil measurement.
The invention also provides a kind of microwave method for preprocessing of heavy metal-polluted soil detection, the microwave method for preprocessing packets
It includes:
First picking unit grabs pedotheque, and pedotheque is poured into housing unit；
Nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution are configured, is poured into housing unit by the second picking unit；
The second humidity sensor humidity in housing unit rises, and oscillator starts to vibrate；
Control unit controls transmission unit forward motion, and housing unit is delivered to below pretreatment unit；
Pretreatment unit temperature rises to 200 DEG C or more, and control unit controls transmission unit counter motion, by housing unit
It is delivered to below the second picking unit；
The acid solution of configuration is poured into housing unit by the second picking unit；
Control unit controls below transmission unit forward motion to pretreatment unit；
Pretreatment unit temperature rises to 150 DEG C or more, and the solution taken away in housing unit carries out effect of fertilizer
Measurement.
Wherein, when pretreatment unit is handled for the first time, 200 DEG C or more are warming up in 15-20 minutes.Pretreatment unit
When secondary treatment, 150 DEG C or more are warming up in 20-25 minutes.
Preferably, the quality of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution is obtained according to the monitoring result of the first gravity sensor.
Wherein, the volume ratio range of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid are as follows: (3-6): (2-4), soil quality to be measured and nitric acid and hydrogen fluorine
The mass volume ratio of acid is (1-3) g:(50-100) ml.
Preferably, the quality of acid solution is obtained according to the monitoring result of the second gravity sensor.
Wherein, acid solution can be nitric acid, hydrochloric acid or chloroazotic acid, and mass fraction shared by acid solution is 10%-20%.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 shows a kind of Microwave Pretreatment of heavy metal-polluted soil detection of an exemplary embodiment according to the present invention
The structural schematic diagram of device.
As shown in Figure 1, the Microwave Pretreatment device that a kind of heavy metal-polluted soil of the present embodiment detects, comprising:
Preceding 1/2 position of support rail 1, support rail 1 is equipped with slideway 101；
Transmission unit 13, transmission unit 13 are set to 1 lower section of support rail；
First picking unit 2, is set in slideway 101, and the first picking unit 2 is equipped with the first receiver 203 and first
Gravity sensor 204；
Second picking unit 3, is set in slideway 101, and the second picking unit 3 is equipped with second receiver 303；
Housing unit 6 is set on transmission unit 13, and bottom is equipped with transmitter 7, transmitter 7 and the first receiver 203
With 303 communication connection of second receiver, for accommodating the crawl object of the first picking unit 2 and the second picking unit 3；
Pretreatment unit 5, pretreatment unit 5 is set on support rail 1 by telescopic rod 4, for handling housing unit 6
Interior crawl object；
Information process unit, with 7 communication connection of the first gravity sensor 204 and transmitter；
Control unit is moved for controlling the first picking unit 2 along 101 forward direction of slideway with information process unit communication connection
Dynamic, the second picking unit 3 of control is moved backward along slideway 101, flexible and control transmission unit 13 the fortune of control telescopic rod 4
Row.
Wherein, the first picking unit 2 includes:
Upright arm 201, upright arm 201 are set in slideway 101, are controlled by control unit；
Lever arm 202, lever arm 202 is L-shaped, is rotatablely connected with upright arm 201, and the first receiver 203 is set to activity
The lower section of arm 202, the first gravity unit are set to the top of lever arm 202.
Wherein, the second picking unit 3 includes:
Vertical mechanical arm 301, vertical mechanical arm 301 are set in slideway 101, are controlled by control unit；
Manipulator 302, manipulator 302 are flexibly connected with vertical mechanical arm 301, and second receiver 303 is set to manipulator
302 lower section.
First picking unit 2 grabs soil to be measured, and control unit controls upright arm 201 and is moved to appearance along 101 forward direction of slideway
It receives the top of unit 6, soil to be measured is poured into housing unit 6, information process unit is according to the information of the first gravity sensor 204
Nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution are configured, and is placed in the manipulator 302 of the second picking unit 3, control unit control is vertical
For mechanical arm 301 above slideway 101 counter motion to housing unit 6, nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution are poured into second by manipulator 302
In housing unit 6.
Further, Microwave Pretreatment device further include:
Second humidity sensor 8, the second humidity sensor 8 are set in housing unit 6, are communicated and are connected with information process unit
It connects；
Second gravity sensor 9, the second gravity sensor 9 are set in housing unit 6, are communicated and are connected with information process unit
It connects；
Oscillator 10, oscillator 10 are set in housing unit 6, logical with the second humidity sensor 8 and control unit respectively
News connection.
Second humidity sensor 8 monitors that humidity rises, and control unit can control the work of oscillator 10, by housing unit 6
Interior solvent shaken well, the second gravity sensor 9 are weighed in the weight information real-time transmission to information process unit monitored
When amount reaches the gross mass of soil to be measured, nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid, control unit controls 13 forward motion of transmission unit.
Further, pretreatment unit 5 includes:
Shell 501, is in hollow structure, and shell 501 is set on support rail 1 by telescopic rod 4；
Rotating part 502, rotating part 502 are set on the inner upper wall of shell 501；
Multiple magnetrons 503, multiple magnetrons 503 are set on the inner upper wall and side wall of shell 501；
Ventilation opening 504, ventilation opening 504 are set to below the outer wall of shell 501；
First humidity sensor 505, the first humidity sensor 505 are set to the interior of shell 501, communicate and connect with control unit
It connects；
Temperature sensor 506, temperature sensor 506 is arranged in shell 501, with information process unit communication connection；
Third receiver 507, third receiver 507 are set to the inside of shell 501, with control unit communication connection.
Wherein, Microwave Pretreatment device further include:
Blower 11, blower 11 are fixed on the outer wall of shell 501 of pretreatment unit 5 by support plate, and blower 11 goes out
Air port is connected to ventilation opening 504；
Communication switch, for controlling the opening and closing of blower 11, with control unit communication connection.
Housing unit 6 moves to 5 lower section of pretreatment unit, and 505 humidity of the first humidity sensor rises, control unit control
Multiple magnetrons 503 generate heat, and control rotating part 502 rotates, and electromagnetic wave is uniformly dispersed and in pretreatment unit 5, makes to add
Heat is more uniform.
Temperature information is sent to information process unit by temperature sensor 506 in real time, multiple when temperature reaches 200 DEG C
Magnetron 503 stops working, and control unit controls blower 11 and opens, and progress is air-cooled, when the real-time temperature that temperature sensor 506 monitors
When degree is 40-60 DEG C, blower 11 stops, and magnetron 503 works, and the solvent in housing unit 6 is evaporated, and the second humidity passes at this time
8 humidity of sensor be down to 5% hereinafter, oscillator 10 stop, when 505 humidity of the first humidity sensor is down to 5% or less, control unit
It controls telescopic rod 4 to retract, pretreatment unit 5 rises, and control unit controls 13 counter motion of transmission unit.
Weight information is sent to information process unit by the second gravity sensor 9 at this time, according to the weight information, configuration acid
Solution is placed in manipulator 302,13 counter motion of transmission unit, when on the transmitter 7 and manipulator 302 in housing unit 6
303 signal of second receiver connect, transmission unit 13 stops, and manipulator 302 pours into acid solution in housing unit 6.
Second humidity sensor 8 monitors that humidity rises, and oscillator 10 starts to vibrate, and the second gravity sensor 9 monitors
Weight rises, and control unit controls 13 forward motion of transmission unit to 5 lower section of pretreatment unit, transmitter 7 and third receiver
507 signal communications, pretreatment unit 5 decline, and the first humidity sensor 505 monitors that humidity rises, multiple magnetrons 503 and rotation
Transfer part 502 works, and when temperature sensor 506 monitors that temperature is 150 DEG C or more, multiple magnetrons 503 and rotating part 502 stop
Only, the first humidity sensor 505 and the second humidity sensor 8 monitor that humidity declines, and pretreatment unit 5 rises, housing unit 6
It leaks out, staff can take the solvent in housing unit 6 away at this time, carry out follow-up test work.
Acid solution is nitric acid in the present embodiment.
Further, Microwave Pretreatment device further include:
Air cleaning member 12, air cleaning member 12 are set to the air inlet of blower 11.
11 entrance of blower adds air cleaning member 12, can be avoided impurity and enters in housing unit 6, causes solvent dirty
Dye.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 2 shows the microwave method for preprocessing of the heavy metal-polluted soil of an exemplary embodiment according to the present invention detection
Step flow chart.
As shown in Fig. 2, the present embodiment proposes a kind of microwave method for preprocessing of heavy metal-polluted soil detection, comprising:
First picking unit 2 grabs pedotheque, and pedotheque is poured into housing unit 6；
Nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution are configured, is poured into housing unit 6 by the second picking unit 3；
8 humidity of the second humidity sensor in housing unit 6 rises, and oscillator 10 starts to vibrate；
Control unit controls 13 forward motion of transmission unit, and housing unit 6 is delivered to 5 lower section of pretreatment unit；
5 temperature of pretreatment unit rises to 200 DEG C or more, and control unit controls 13 counter motion of transmission unit, will accommodate
Unit 6 is delivered to 3 lower section of the second picking unit；
The acid solution of configuration is poured into housing unit 6 by the second picking unit 3；
Control unit controls 13 forward motion of transmission unit to 5 lower section of pretreatment unit；
5 temperature of pretreatment unit rises to 150 DEG C or more, takes the solution in housing unit 6 away and carries out heavy metal-polluted soil member
The measurement of element.
In the present embodiment, when the single treatment of pretreatment unit 5,200 DEG C are warming up in 18 minutes, pretreatment unit 5
When second of processing, 150 DEG C are warming up in 20 minutes.
Further, the quality of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution is obtained according to the monitoring result of the first gravity sensor 204.
In the present embodiment, the volume ratio of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid is 4:3, the quality of soil quality to be measured and nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid
Volume ratio is 1g:80ml.
Further, the quality of acid solution is obtained according to the monitoring result of the second gravity sensor 9.
In the present embodiment, acid solution is nitric acid, and mass fraction shared by acid solution is 15%.
Various embodiments of the present invention are described above, above description is exemplary, and non-exclusive, and
It is not limited to disclosed each embodiment.Without departing from the scope and spirit of illustrated each embodiment, for this skill
Many modifications and changes are obvious for the those of ordinary skill in art field.The selection of term used herein, purport
In the principle, practical application or improvement to the technology in market for best explaining each embodiment, or make the art
Other those of ordinary skill can understand each embodiment disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Microwave Pretreatment device of heavy metal-polluted soil detection, which is characterized in that the Microwave Pretreatment device includes:
Preceding 1/2 position of support rail, the support rail is equipped with slideway；
Transmission unit, the transmission unit are set to below the support rail；
First picking unit is set in the slideway, and first picking unit is equipped with the first receiver and the first gravity
Sensor；
Second picking unit is set in the slideway, and second picking unit is equipped with second receiver；
Housing unit is set on the transmission unit, and bottom is equipped with transmitter, the transmitter and first receiver
With the second receiver communication connection, for accommodating the crawl object of first picking unit and second picking unit；
Pretreatment unit, the pretreatment unit are set on the support rail by telescopic rod, for handling the receiving
Crawl object in unit；
Information process unit, with first gravity sensor and the transmitter communication connection；
Control unit, and the information process unit communication connection, for controlling first picking unit along the slideway just
It to movement, controls second picking unit and is moved backward along the slideway, control the flexible and control transmission of the telescopic rod
The operation of unit.
2. the Microwave Pretreatment device of heavy metal-polluted soil detection according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment unit packet
It includes:
Shell, is in hollow structure, and the shell is set on the support rail by telescopic rod；
Rotating part, the rotating part are set on the inner upper wall of the shell；
Multiple magnetrons, the multiple magnetron are set on the inner upper wall and side wall of the shell；
Ventilation opening, the ventilation opening are set to below the outer wall of the shell；
First humidity sensor, first humidity sensor are set to the interior of the shell, communicate and connect with described control unit
It connects；
Temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is arranged in the shell, with the information process unit communication connection；
Third receiver, the third receiver are set to the inside of the shell, with described control unit communication connection.
3. the Microwave Pretreatment device of heavy metal-polluted soil detection according to claim 2, wherein the Microwave Pretreatment dress
It sets further include:
Blower, the blower are fixed on the outer wall of the shell of the pretreatment unit by support plate, the outlet air of the blower
Mouth is connected to the ventilation opening；
Communication switch, for controlling the opening and closing of the blower, with described control unit communication connection.
4. the Microwave Pretreatment device of heavy metal-polluted soil detection according to claim 3, wherein the Microwave Pretreatment dress
It sets further include:
Air cleaning member, the air cleaning member are set to the air inlet of the blower.
5. the Microwave Pretreatment device of heavy metal-polluted soil detection according to claim 1, wherein the Microwave Pretreatment dress
It sets further include:
Second humidity sensor, second humidity sensor are set in the housing unit, with the information process unit
Communication connection；
Second gravity sensor, second gravity sensor are set in the housing unit, are communicated with information process unit
Connection；
Oscillator, the oscillator are set in the housing unit, respectively with second humidity sensor and the control
Unit communications connection.
6. the Microwave Pretreatment device of heavy metal-polluted soil detection according to claim 1, wherein first picking unit
Include:
Upright arm, the upright arm are set in the slideway, are controlled by described control unit；
Lever arm, the lever arm is L-shaped, is rotatablely connected with the upright arm, and first receiver is set to the activity
The lower section of arm, the first gravity unit are set to the top of the lever arm.
7. the Microwave Pretreatment device of heavy metal-polluted soil detection according to claim 1, wherein second picking unit
Include:
Vertical mechanical arm, the vertical mechanical arm are set in the slideway, are controlled by described control unit；
Manipulator, the manipulator are flexibly connected with the vertical mechanical arm, and the second receiver is set to the manipulator
Lower section.
8. a kind of microwave method for preprocessing of heavy metal-polluted soil detection, utilizes soil described in any one of claim 1-7
The Microwave Pretreatment device of heavy metal analysis, the microwave method for preprocessing include:
First picking unit grabs pedotheque, and the pedotheque is poured into housing unit；
Nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution are configured, is poured into the housing unit by the second picking unit；
The second humidity sensor humidity in the housing unit rises, and oscillator starts to vibrate；
Control unit controls transmission unit forward motion, and the housing unit is delivered to below pretreatment unit；
The pretreatment unit temperature rises to 200 DEG C or more, and described control unit controls the transmission unit counter motion, will
The housing unit is delivered to below second picking unit；
The acid solution of configuration is poured into the housing unit by second picking unit；
Described control unit controls below the transmission unit forward motion to the pretreatment unit；
The pretreatment unit temperature rises to 150 DEG C or more, and the solution taken away in the housing unit carries out heavy metal-polluted soil
The measurement of element.
9. the microwave method for preprocessing of heavy metal-polluted soil detection according to claim 8, wherein according to the first gravity sensitive
The monitoring result of device obtains the quality of the nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution.
10. the microwave method for preprocessing of heavy metal-polluted soil detection according to claim 8, wherein passed according to the second gravity
The monitoring result of sensor obtains the quality of the acid solution.
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| CN117347096A (en) * | 2023-12-06 | 2024-01-05 | 沈阳海关技术中心 | A concentrated sampler for aquatic products detects |
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| CN116908244A (en) * | 2023-09-13 | 2023-10-20 | 成都心远心科技有限公司 | Sampling device for forestry ecological protection |
| CN116908244B (en) * | 2023-09-13 | 2023-12-22 | 四川省林业和草原调查规划院 | Sampling device for forestry ecological protection |
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