CN117347096B - A concentrated sampler for aquatic products detects - Google Patents
A concentrated sampler for aquatic products detects Download PDFInfo
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- CN117347096B CN117347096B CN202311660838.9A CN202311660838A CN117347096B CN 117347096 B CN117347096 B CN 117347096B CN 202311660838 A CN202311660838 A CN 202311660838A CN 117347096 B CN117347096 B CN 117347096B
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 214
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 claims description 107
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000012488 sample solution Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012468 concentrated sample Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000870 ultraviolet spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000012260 Accidental injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
- G01N1/4022—Concentrating samples by thermal techniques; Phase changes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/44—Sample treatment involving radiation, e.g. heat
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
- G01N1/4022—Concentrating samples by thermal techniques; Phase changes
- G01N2001/4027—Concentrating samples by thermal techniques; Phase changes evaporation leaving a concentrated sample
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a concentration sampler for detecting aquatic products. The device comprises an aquatic sample compression container, a sampler sealing shell, a pneumatic needle type sampling head and a sample extraction container, wherein the aquatic sample compression container and the pneumatic needle type sampling head are arranged on the sampler sealing shell, and the sample extraction container is positioned in the sampler sealing shell. The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic product detection, and particularly relates to a concentration sampler for aquatic product detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic product detection, and particularly relates to a concentration sampler for aquatic product detection.
Background
The aquatic products generally refer to economic aquatic products for eating such as fish, shrimp, crab and shellfish, are important components of human food materials, have higher economic and nutritional values, but are inevitably ingested with heavy metals in the growth process due to the action of biological enrichment, and the detection of the heavy metals is needed for avoiding the damage of the heavy metals to the body; the structure of the existing instruments for detecting heavy metals in aquatic products in the market is simple, the detection result is greatly affected by the quality of samples, and an aquatic product sampling device capable of ensuring the quality of the samples is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the concentration sampler for aquatic product detection, which is used for precompacting aquatic product samples by arranging the aquatic product sample compression container, improving the sampling efficiency, arranging the pneumatic needle type sampling head for sampling and drying the aquatic products, arranging the sample extraction container and the pneumatic needle type sampling head to cooperate to humidify, digest and concentrate the samples, and solving the problems of difficult sampling, poor sample quality, larger reagent blank and the like in the current aquatic product heavy metal detection.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the invention provides a concentrated sampler for aquatic product detection, which comprises an aquatic product sample compression container, a sampler sealing shell, a pneumatic needle type sampling head and a sample extraction container, wherein the aquatic product sample compression container and the pneumatic needle type sampling head are arranged on the sampler sealing shell, and the sample extraction container is positioned in the sampler sealing shell; the pneumatic needle type sampling head comprises a hollow sampling needle, a hollow cavity and an air pressure air heater, wherein the air pressure air heater is connected with the hollow cavity, the hollow sampling needle is arranged on the hollow cavity, the hollow sampling needle is communicated with the hollow cavity, a completely through sampling needle hole is formed in the aquatic sample compression container, the inner diameter of the sampling needle hole is larger than the outer diameter of the hollow sampling needle, a first inclined socket is formed in a sealing shell of the sampler, the hollow cavity is slidably arranged in the first inclined socket, the hollow sampling needle penetrates through the sampling needle hole when the hollow cavity slides in the first inclined socket, and a tip needle head is arranged at the tail end of the hollow sampling needle; setting a pneumatic needle type sampling head to sample aquatic products, placing the aquatic products in an aquatic product sample compression container, fixing the aquatic products on a sampler sealing shell, pushing a hollow cavity to move in a first inclined socket, enabling a hollow sampling needle to enter the aquatic product sample compression container through a sampling needle hole, enabling a tip needle head at the tail end of the hollow sampling needle to ensure that the hollow sampling needle can be smoothly inserted into the aquatic products, storing a sample cut by the tip needle head in the hollow sampling needle, enabling the tail end of the hollow sampling needle to penetrate through the aquatic product sample compression container, ventilating the hollow cavity through an air-pressure air heater, blowing the sample in the hollow sampling needle into the sample extraction container through high-pressure air, enabling the air-pressure air heater to keep continuously working, blowing hot air blown out of the air-pressure air heater to blow out the sample in the hollow sampling needle, and drying moisture in the sample through the hot air to realize drying of the sample; by arranging the hollow sampling needle to work with the aquatic sample compression container, the sampling process is simpler, the problem that the aquatic products are sticky and slippery and are difficult to fix is solved, the sampling efficiency of the aquatic products is improved, and accidental injury in the sampling process is avoided; through setting up cavity sample needle and air compressor air heater cooperation work, utilize wind-force to discharge the sample, do not produce substantive contact with the sample, avoid the pollution that probably causes, the hot-blast position that guides the air compressor air heater to the sample of cavity sample needle simultaneously is dried the sample, can be before follow-up digestion treatment weigh the more accurate digestion liquid quantity of calculation, improves the quality of sample.
Further, a sampling positioning groove is formed in the first inclined socket, a positioning block is arranged on the hollow cavity, the positioning block is slidably arranged in the sampling positioning groove, a sampling handle is further arranged on the hollow cavity, a ventilation hose is arranged on the air-pressure air heater, and the air-pressure air heater is connected with the hollow cavity through the ventilation hose; when the hollow cavity slides in the first inclined socket, the positioning block slides in the sampling positioning groove, so that the circumferential limit of the hollow cavity is realized, the hollow sampling needle is prevented from being damaged and deformed due to rotation of the hollow cavity in the first inclined socket, the ventilation hose is arranged on the air compressor air heater and is used for communicating the hollow cavity, the air compressor air heater is utilized for supplying air to the hollow cavity, the installation position of the air compressor air heater can be changed, and the hollow sampling needle and the hollow cavity can be conveniently plugged and pulled.
Further, the sample extraction container comprises a preliminary digestion container, the preliminary digestion container is positioned below the tip needle head, a side opening is formed in the side surface of the preliminary digestion container, the tail end of the hollow sampling needle is positioned in the side opening, a top opening is formed in the top of the preliminary digestion container, a bottom opening is formed in the bottom of the preliminary digestion container, a filter plate is further arranged in the preliminary digestion container, and the aperture of a filter plate filter hole is not larger than the inner diameter of the hollow sampling needle; the air pressure air heater blows out the sample in the hollow sampling needle and then falls on the filter plate in the preliminary digestion container through the side opening, the filter plate is arranged to receive the sample, the blown hot air in the hollow sampling needle can dry the sample on two sides through the filter holes on the filter plate, the air is circulated more, and the drying efficiency of the sample is improved; after the sample is dried, injecting a digestion solution into the preliminary digestion container through the top opening, destroying organic matters in the sample by the digestion solution, and simultaneously leaving heavy metal elements, so that digestion of the sample is completed, solid matters which cannot be digested are filtered out by the filter plate, and the digested sample solution is discharged out of the preliminary digestion container through the bottom opening.
Further, an elastic base is arranged on the bottom surface of the inner part of the sealed shell of the sampler, a supporting sliding block is arranged on the elastic base, a strain sensor is arranged at the bottom of the supporting sliding block, an electric heating plate is arranged at the top of the supporting sliding block, a container claw is arranged on the side surface of the supporting sliding block, the preliminary digestion container is arranged on the electric heating plate, and the container claw is attached to the side surface of the preliminary digestion container; through setting up the sample weight after strain sensor detects the stoving, calculate required digestion liquid volume according to the weight of sample, ensure the effect of digestion, and then improve the quality of sample solution, set up the electric plate simultaneously and heat preliminary digestion container, improve the speed that the sample was digested, fix preliminary digestion container through setting up the container jack catch, avoid preliminary digestion container landing.
Further, the sample extraction container further comprises a concentration container and a liquid-passing hose, wherein two ends of the liquid-passing hose are respectively communicated with the bottom opening and the concentration container, a communication switch valve is arranged on the liquid-passing hose, a fixed base is further arranged on the inner bottom surface of the sealed shell of the sampler, the concentration container is arranged on the fixed base, the bottom surface of the concentration container is lower than the bottom surface of the preliminary digestion container, a liquid outlet is arranged at the bottom of the concentration container, and a liquid outlet switch valve is arranged on the liquid outlet; after the digestion of the sample solution is finished, the communication switch valve is opened, and as the height difference exists between the preliminary digestion container and the concentration container, the sample solution in the preliminary digestion container flows into the concentration container with lower flow rate through the liquid-through hose, the sample solution is concentrated in the concentration container, the concentrated sample solution can be discharged through the liquid outlet by opening the liquid outlet switch valve so as to carry out subsequent heavy metal detection, and the concentrated sample solution has smaller reagent blank and can obtain more accurate detection results.
Further, a second inclined socket is further arranged on the sampler sealing shell, the inclined direction of the second inclined socket points to the position of the concentration container, and the horizontal projection area of the concentration container is larger than that of the primary digestion container; in order to improve the accuracy of heavy metal detection results, reduce the reagent blank of sample solution, need concentrate the sample solution in the concentration container, insert the hollow cavity in the second slope socket, the hollow sample is aimed at the concentration container, connect the air heater to the nitrogen gas source this moment, carry out nitrogen gas to the sample solution in the concentration container through air heater and hollow sample and sweep, reduce the vapor pressure on sample solution surface, make the solvent evaporate constantly and reach concentrated purpose, and then increase the concentration of residual heavy metal in the sample solution, reduce the volume blank, improve the accuracy of detection.
Further, the aquatic sample compression container comprises a sample box and an extrusion plate, wherein the extrusion plate is arranged inside the sample box in a sliding manner, the sampling needle hole is positioned at the bottom of the sample box, a through groove is formed in the sample box, the extrusion plate is connected with the through groove in a sliding manner, and a lifting handle is arranged at the top end of the sample box; place the aquatic products sample in the sample box, storage position is in the bottom of sample box, uses the cavity sampling needle to pass the sample pinhole at this moment and inserts the aquatic products and take a sample, has solved the problem that the aquatic products are difficult to fixed, uses the stripper plate to press the aquatic products in the bottom of sample box, carries out preliminary compression to the aquatic products when preventing that the aquatic products from sliding, increases the sample volume of cavity sampling needle.
Further, a sample taking and placing opening is further formed in the sampler sealing shell, the sample box is slidably arranged in the sample taking and placing opening, a limiting groove and a pin hole are formed in the position, close to the sample taking and placing opening, of the sampler sealing shell, the sample box is slidably connected with the limiting groove, a plug pin is further arranged on the sample box, and the plug pin is clamped in the pin hole; the sample box is lifted by the lifting handle, the sample box is placed in the sealing shell of the sampler through the sample taking and placing opening, the sample box slides along the limiting groove until a bolt on the sample box is inserted into the pin hole, the fixation of the sample box is completed, the sample box is prevented from loosening in the sampling process, and the overall structural stability of the device is improved.
Further, an operation window is further arranged on the sampler sealing shell, and a sliding cover plate is arranged on the operation window in a sliding manner; the operation window is arranged to facilitate the operation of a user on the sample extraction container, and the sliding cover plate is arranged to seal the operation window, so that the biological hazard caused by overflow of waste gas and toxic gas generated during digestion of the sample is avoided.
Further, an exhaust fan is further arranged on the sampler sealing shell, and the exhaust fan is aligned to the position of the preliminary digestion container; when the sample is digested, the exhaust fan is opened to extract waste gas and toxic gas generated by digestion reaction in the preliminary digestion container, so that explosion danger is avoided.
The beneficial effects obtained by the invention by adopting the structure are as follows:
(1) The invention provides a concentrated sampler for aquatic product detection, which is characterized in that a hollow sampling needle is arranged to cooperate with an aquatic product sample compression container, so that the sampling process is simpler, the problem that the aquatic product is sticky and slippery and is difficult to fix is solved, and the sampling efficiency of the aquatic product is improved;
(2) The invention provides a concentration sampler for aquatic product detection, which is characterized in that a hollow sampling needle and an air-pressure air heater are arranged to work cooperatively, a sample is discharged by utilizing wind power, the sample is not in substantial contact with the sample, the possible pollution is avoided, meanwhile, the hollow sampling needle guides hot air of the air-pressure air heater to the position of the sample, the sample is dried, the more accurate consumption of digestion liquid can be calculated when the sample is weighed before the subsequent digestion treatment, and the quality of the sample is improved;
(3) The invention provides a concentration sampler for detecting aquatic products, wherein a positioning block slides in a sampling positioning groove when a hollow cavity slides in a first inclined socket, so that the circumferential limit of the hollow cavity is realized, and the hollow sampling needle is prevented from being damaged and deformed due to the rotation of the hollow cavity in the first inclined socket;
(4) The invention provides a concentrated sampler for aquatic product detection, which is characterized in that a filter plate is arranged to receive a sample, hot air blown out of a hollow sampling needle can dry the sample on two sides through a filter hole on the filter plate, so that air is circulated, and the drying efficiency of the sample is improved;
(5) The invention provides a concentration sampler for aquatic product detection, which is characterized in that a strain sensor is arranged to detect the weight of a dried sample, the needed digestion liquid volume is calculated according to the weight of the sample, the digestion effect is ensured, the quality of a sample solution is further improved, and an electric heating plate is arranged to heat a preliminary digestion container, so that the digestion rate of the sample is improved;
(6) The invention provides a concentration sampler for aquatic product detection, which is characterized in that a sample solution in a concentration container is subjected to nitrogen purging through an air compressor air heater and hollow sampling, so that the vapor pressure on the surface of the sample solution is reduced, the solvent is continuously evaporated to achieve the purpose of concentration, the concentration of residual heavy metal in the sample solution is further increased, the volume blank is reduced, and the detection accuracy is improved;
(7) The invention provides a concentration sampler for detecting aquatic products, which uses an extrusion plate to press the aquatic products at the bottom of a sample box, prevents the aquatic products from slipping and simultaneously performs preliminary compression on the aquatic products, and increases the sampling amount of a hollow sampling needle;
(8) The invention provides a concentrated sampler for detecting aquatic products, which is characterized in that a sample box is fixed through a bolt and a pin hole, so that the sample box is prevented from loosening in the sampling process, and the integral structural stability of the device is improved;
(9) The invention provides a concentration sampler for detecting aquatic products, which is provided with an operation window for facilitating a user to operate a sample extraction container, and a sliding cover plate is arranged for closing the operation window, so that biological hazard caused by overflow of waste gas and toxic gas generated when a sample is digested is avoided;
(10) The invention provides a concentration sampler for detecting aquatic products, which is used for extracting waste gas and toxic gas generated by digestion reaction in a preliminary digestion container through an exhaust fan so as to avoid explosion hazard.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a concentrated sampler for aquatic product detection according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the concentrated sampler for aquatic product detection according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the portion I of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a concentrated sampler for aquatic product detection according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view at II in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view at III in FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is an exploded view of the concentrated sampler for aquatic product detection according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state of the concentrating sampler for detecting aquatic products when concentrating a sample solution according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an aquatic sample compression container of a concentrated sampler for aquatic product detection according to the present invention;
Fig. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a hollow sampling needle and a hollow cavity of the concentrated sampler for detecting aquatic products.
The device comprises 100 parts of an aquatic sample compression container, 200 parts of a sampler sealing shell, 300 parts of an aquatic sample compression container, a pneumatic needle sampling head, 400 parts of a sampler extraction container, 101 parts of a sample box, 102 parts of a squeezing plate, 103 parts of a sampling needle hole, 104 parts of a through groove, 105 parts of a bolt, 106 parts of a lifting handle, 201 parts of a sample extraction opening, 202 parts of a first inclined socket, 203 parts of a second inclined socket, 204 parts of a resilient base, 205 parts of a fixed base, 206 parts of a working window, 207 parts of an exhaust fan, 208 parts of a limiting groove, 209 parts of a pin hole, 210 parts of a sampling positioning groove, 211 parts of a supporting slide block, 212 parts of a strain sensor, 213 parts of an electric heating plate, 214 parts of a container claw, 215 parts of a sliding cover plate, 301 parts of a hollow sampling needle, 302 parts of a hollow cavity, 303 parts of an air pressure hot air fan, 304 parts of a tip needle, 305 parts of a positioning block, 306 parts of a sampling handle, 307 parts of a ventilation hose, 401 parts of a preliminary digestion container, 402 parts of a concentration container, 403 parts of a ventilation hose, 404 parts of a side opening, 405 parts of a top opening, 406 parts of a bottom opening, a filter plate, a digestion container, a liquid outlet opening, 409 parts of a liquid outlet opening, a 407, a liquid outlet opening, a 410.
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention; all other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientation or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1to 11, the present invention provides a concentrated sampler for detecting aquatic products, comprising an aquatic product sample compression container 100, a sampler sealing housing 200, a pneumatic needle sampling head 300 and a sample extraction container 400, wherein the aquatic product sample compression container 100 and the pneumatic needle sampling head 300 are arranged on the sampler sealing housing 200, and the sample extraction container 400 is positioned inside the sampler sealing housing 200; the pneumatic needle type sampling head 300 comprises a hollow sampling needle 301, a hollow cavity 302 and an air pressure air heater 303, wherein the air pressure air heater 303 is connected with the hollow cavity 302, the hollow sampling needle 301 is arranged on the hollow cavity 302, the hollow sampling needle 301 is communicated with the hollow cavity 302, a completely through sampling needle hole 103 is formed in the aquatic sample compression container 100, the inner diameter of the sampling needle hole 103 is larger than the outer diameter of the hollow sampling needle 301, a first inclined socket 202 is formed in the sampler sealing shell 200, the hollow cavity 302 is slidably arranged in the first inclined socket 202, the hollow sampling needle 301 penetrates through the sampling needle hole 103 when the hollow cavity 302 slides in the first inclined socket 202, and a tip needle 304 is arranged at the tail end of the hollow sampling needle 301; setting a pneumatic needle type sampling head 300 to sample aquatic products, placing the aquatic products in an aquatic product sample compression container 100 and fixing the aquatic products on a sampler sealing shell 200, pushing a hollow cavity 302 to move in a first inclined socket 202, enabling a hollow sampling needle 301 to enter the aquatic product sample compression container 100 through a sampling needle hole 103, enabling a tip needle head 304 at the tail end of the hollow sampling needle 301 to ensure that the hollow sampling needle 301 can be smoothly inserted into the aquatic products, storing samples cut by the tip needle head 304 in the hollow sampling needle 301, ventilating the hollow cavity 302 through an air pressure air heater 303 after the tail end of the hollow sampling needle 301 penetrates out of the aquatic product sample compression container 100, blowing the samples in the hollow sampling needle 301 into the sample extraction container 400 by utilizing high-pressure air, enabling the air pressure air heater 303 to keep continuous working, blowing out the samples in the hollow sampling needle 301 through hot air, and drying the moisture in the samples through hot air, so that the samples are dried; through setting up cavity sample needle 301 and air compressor air heater 303 cooperation work, utilize wind-force to discharge the sample, the hot-blast position that guides the sample of air compressor air heater 303 is simultaneously taken a sample to cavity sample needle 301, dries the sample, can calculate more accurate digestion liquid quantity before the follow-up digestion is handled and is weighed.
The first inclined socket 202 is internally provided with a sampling positioning groove 210, the hollow cavity 302 is provided with a positioning block 305, the positioning block 305 is slidably arranged in the sampling positioning groove 210, the hollow cavity 302 is also provided with a sampling handle 306, the air pressure air heater 303 is provided with an air hose 307, and the air pressure air heater 303 is connected with the hollow cavity 302 through the air hose 307; when the hollow cavity 302 slides in the first inclined socket 202, the positioning block 305 slides in the sampling positioning groove 210, so that the circumferential limit of the hollow cavity 302 is realized, the hollow cavity 302 is prevented from being rotated in the first inclined socket 202 to cause the hollow sampling needle 301 to be damaged and deformed, the ventilation hose 307 is arranged on the air compressor 303 to be communicated with the hollow cavity 302, and the air compressor 303 is used for supplying air to the hollow cavity 302.
The sample extraction container 400 comprises a preliminary digestion container 401, the preliminary digestion container 401 is positioned below the tip needle 304, a side opening 404 is formed in the side surface of the preliminary digestion container 401, the tail end of the hollow sampling needle 301 is positioned in the side opening 404, a top opening 405 is formed in the top of the preliminary digestion container 401, a bottom opening 406 is formed in the bottom of the preliminary digestion container 401, a filter plate 407 is further arranged in the preliminary digestion container 401, and the aperture of a filter hole of the filter plate 407 is not larger than the inner diameter of the hollow sampling needle 301; the air pressure air heater 303 blows out the sample in the hollow sampling needle 301, then falls onto the filter plate 407 in the preliminary digestion container 401 through the side opening 404, the sample is received by arranging the filter plate 407, and the hot air blown out from the hollow sampling needle 301 can carry out double-sided drying on the sample through the filter holes on the filter plate 407; after the sample is dried, a digestion solution is injected into the preliminary digestion container 401 through the top opening 405, organic matters in the sample are destroyed by the digestion solution, meanwhile, heavy metal elements are left, digestion of the sample is completed, solids which cannot be digested are filtered out by the filter plate 407, and the digested sample solution is discharged out of the preliminary digestion container 401 through the bottom opening 406.
An elastic base 204 is arranged on the bottom surface of the inside of the sampler sealing shell 200, a supporting sliding block 211 is arranged on the elastic base 204, a strain sensor 212 is arranged at the bottom of the supporting sliding block 211, an electric heating plate 213 is arranged at the top of the supporting sliding block 211, a container claw 214 is arranged on the side surface of the supporting sliding block 211, a preliminary digestion container 401 is arranged on the electric heating plate 213, and the container claw 214 is attached to the side surface of the preliminary digestion container 401; the weight of the dried sample is detected by the strain sensor 212, the required digestion liquid volume is calculated according to the weight of the sample, the electric heating plate 213 is arranged to heat the preliminary digestion container 401, the digestion rate of the sample is improved, and the preliminary digestion container 401 is fixed by the container claw 214.
The sample extraction container 400 further comprises a concentration container 402 and a liquid-passing hose 403, wherein two ends of the liquid-passing hose 403 are respectively communicated with the bottom opening 406 and the concentration container 402, a communication switch valve 410 is arranged on the liquid-passing hose 403, a fixed base 205 is further arranged on the inner bottom surface of the sampler sealing shell 200, the concentration container 402 is arranged on the fixed base 205, the bottom surface of the concentration container 402 is lower than the bottom surface of the preliminary digestion container 401, a liquid outlet 408 is arranged at the bottom of the concentration container 402, and a liquid outlet switch valve 409 is arranged on the liquid outlet 408; after the digestion of the sample solution is completed, the communication switch valve 410 is opened, and as the height difference exists between the preliminary digestion container 401 and the concentration container 402, the sample solution in the preliminary digestion container 401 flows into the lower concentration container 402 through the liquid passing hose 403, the sample solution is concentrated in the concentration container 402, the concentrated sample solution can be discharged through the liquid outlet 408 by opening the liquid outlet switch valve 409, so that the subsequent heavy metal detection can be performed, and the concentrated sample solution has smaller reagent blank.
The sampler sealing shell 200 is also provided with a second inclined socket 203, the inclined direction of the second inclined socket 203 points to the position of the concentration container 402, and the horizontal projection area of the concentration container 402 is larger than that of the primary digestion container 401; in order to improve the accuracy of the heavy metal detection result and reduce the reagent blank of the sample solution, the sample solution in the concentration container 402 needs to be concentrated, the hollow cavity 302 is inserted into the second inclined spigot 203, the hollow sampling needle 301 is aligned to the concentration container 402, the air compressor hot air blower 303 is connected to a nitrogen source at this time, the sample solution in the concentration container 402 is purged by the air compressor hot air blower 303 and the hollow sampling needle 301, the vapor pressure of the surface of the sample solution is reduced, and the solvent is continuously evaporated to achieve the concentration purpose.
The aquatic sample compression container 100 comprises a sample box 101 and an extrusion plate 102, wherein the extrusion plate 102 is slidably arranged in the sample box 101, a sampling pinhole 103 is positioned at the bottom of the sample box 101, a through groove 104 is formed in the sample box 101, the extrusion plate 102 is slidably connected with the through groove 104, and a lifting handle 106 is arranged at the top end of the sample box 101; the sample of aquatic products is placed in the sample box 101, the storage position is at the bottom of the sample box 101, at this time, the hollow sampling needle 301 is used to insert the aquatic products through the sampling needle hole 103 for sampling, and the squeezing plate 102 is used to press the aquatic products at the bottom of the sample box 101.
The sampler sealing shell 200 is also provided with a sample taking and placing opening 201, the sample box 101 is slidably arranged in the sample taking and placing opening 201, a limiting groove 208 and a pin hole 209 are arranged on the sampler sealing shell 200 at a position close to the sample taking and placing opening 201, the sample box 101 is slidably connected with the limiting groove 208, the sample box 101 is also provided with a plug pin 105, and the plug pin 105 is clamped in the pin hole 209; the sample box 101 is lifted by the lifting handle 106, the sample box 101 is placed into the sampler sealing housing 200 through the sample taking and placing opening 201, the sample box 101 slides along the limiting groove 208 until the bolt 105 on the sample box 101 is inserted into the pin hole 209, and the fixing of the sample box 101 is completed.
The sampler sealing shell 200 is also provided with an operation window 206, and the operation window 206 is provided with a sliding cover plate 215 in a sliding manner; the operation window 206 is provided to facilitate the operation of the sample extraction container 400 by a user, and the sliding cover plate 215 is provided to close the operation window 206.
The sampler sealing shell 200 is also provided with an exhaust fan 207, and the exhaust fan 207 is aligned with the position of the preliminary digestion container 401; when the sample is digested, the exhaust fan 207 is opened to draw out the exhaust gas and toxic gas generated by the digestion reaction in the preliminary digestion vessel 401.
When the sample box is specifically used, firstly, an aquatic product sample is placed into the sample box 101, then the aquatic product sample is compressed at the bottom of the sample box 101 by the sliding extrusion plate 102, the sample box 101 is lifted by the lifting handle 106, the sample box 101 is placed into the sampler sealing shell 200 through the sample taking and placing opening 201, the sample box 101 slides along the limiting groove 208 until the bolt 105 on the sample box 101 is inserted into the pin hole 209, and at the moment, the fixing of the sample box 101 is completed;
then the hollow cavity 302 is inserted into the first inclined socket 202, the positioning block 305 is ensured to enter the sampling positioning groove 210, the hollow sampling needle 301 on the hollow cavity 302 enters the sample box 101 through the sampling needle hole 103, the pointed needle 304 on the hollow sampling needle 301 cuts the aquatic product sample in the sample box 101, the cut columnar sample remains in the hollow sampling needle 301 until the hollow sampling needle 301 completely penetrates through the sample box 101, the air-pressure air heater 303 is started at this time, the air-pressure air heater 303 conveys high-pressure hot air into the hollow cavity 302 through the ventilation hose 307, the high-pressure hot air enters the hollow cavity 302 and then is further introduced into the hollow sampling needle 301, the columnar sample remaining in the hollow sampling needle 301 is blown out, the sample falls into the filter plate 407 in the primary digestion container 401 through the side opening 404, the working state of the air-pressure air heater 303 is kept for a period of time, the hollow sampling needle 301 continuously blows out the hot air towards the sample, the sample is dried, and the strain sensor 212 below the primary digestion container 401 detects the weight of the dried sample;
then the hollow cavity 302 and the sample box 101 are taken out, the sliding cover plate 215 is opened, digestion liquid is filled into the preliminary digestion container 401 through the operation window 206, the sliding cover plate 215 is closed, the digestion liquid is prepared by nitric acid and perchloric acid, a proper amount of digestion liquid is filled into the top opening 405 according to the weight of the sample measured by the strain sensor 212, then the preliminary digestion container 401 is heated by the electric heating plate 213, the digestion rate is accelerated, and the exhaust fan 207 is opened to pump out waste gas and toxic gas generated by the digestion reaction in the preliminary digestion container 401, so that explosion danger is avoided;
The digestion solution breaks the organic matters in the sample and leaves heavy metal elements at the same time, the digestion of the sample is completed, the filter plate 407 filters out solids which cannot be digested, then the communication switch valve 410 is opened, and the sample solution in the preliminary digestion container 401 flows into the lower concentration container 402 through the liquid passing hose 403 due to the height difference between the preliminary digestion container 401 and the concentration container 402; then the hollow cavity 302 is inserted into the second inclined socket 203, the hollow sampling needle 301 is aligned to the concentration container 402, the air pressure air heater 303 is connected to a nitrogen source, the sample solution in the concentration container 402 is purged by nitrogen through the hollow sampling needle 301, the vapor pressure of the surface of the sample solution is reduced, the solvent is continuously evaporated to achieve the purpose of concentration, and the volume blank is reduced;
After the sample solution is concentrated in the concentration container 402, a liquid outlet switch valve 409 is opened, the concentrated sample solution is discharged through a liquid outlet 408, and then the sample solution is detected by using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, so that quantitative detection of heavy metals is realized.
The whole working flow of the invention is just the above, and the step is repeated when the invention is used next time.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
The invention and its embodiments have been described above with no limitation, and the actual construction is not limited to the embodiments of the invention as shown in the drawings. In summary, if one of ordinary skill in the art is informed by this disclosure, a structural manner and an embodiment similar to the technical solution should not be creatively devised without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A concentrated sampler for aquatic products detects, its characterized in that: the device comprises an aquatic sample compression container (100), a sampler sealing shell (200), a pneumatic needle type sampling head (300) and a sample extraction container (400), wherein the aquatic sample compression container (100) and the pneumatic needle type sampling head (300) are arranged on the sampler sealing shell (200), and the sample extraction container (400) is positioned in the sampler sealing shell (200);
The pneumatic needle type sampling head (300) comprises a hollow sampling needle (301), a hollow cavity (302) and an air pressure air heater (303), wherein the air pressure air heater (303) is connected with the hollow cavity (302), the hollow sampling needle (301) is arranged on the hollow cavity (302), the hollow sampling needle (301) is communicated with the hollow cavity (302), a completely through sampling needle hole (103) is formed in the aquatic sample compression container (100), the inner diameter of the sampling needle hole (103) is larger than the outer diameter of the hollow sampling needle (301), a first inclined socket (202) is formed in the sampler sealing shell (200), the hollow cavity (302) is arranged in the first inclined socket (202) in a sliding mode, the hollow sampling needle (301) penetrates through the sampling needle hole (103) when the hollow cavity (302) slides in the first inclined socket (202), and a tip needle head (304) is arranged at the tail end of the hollow sampling needle (301);
The first inclined socket (202) is internally provided with a sampling positioning groove (210), the hollow cavity (302) is provided with a positioning block (305), the positioning block (305) is slidably arranged in the sampling positioning groove (210), the hollow cavity (302) is also provided with a sampling grip (306), the air pressure air heater (303) is provided with an air hose (307), and the air pressure air heater (303) is connected with the hollow cavity (302) through the air hose (307);
The sample extraction container (400) comprises a preliminary digestion container (401), the preliminary digestion container (401) is positioned below the tip needle head (304), a side opening (404) is formed in the side face of the preliminary digestion container (401), the tail end of the hollow sampling needle (301) is positioned in the side opening (404), a top opening (405) is formed in the top of the preliminary digestion container (401), a bottom opening (406) is formed in the bottom of the preliminary digestion container (401), a filter plate (407) is further arranged in the preliminary digestion container (401), and the aperture of a filter hole of the filter plate (407) is not larger than the inner diameter of the hollow sampling needle (301);
An elastic base (204) is arranged on the bottom surface of the inside of the sampler sealing shell (200), a supporting sliding block (211) is arranged on the elastic base (204), a strain sensor (212) is arranged at the bottom of the supporting sliding block (211), an electric heating plate (213) is arranged at the top of the supporting sliding block (211), a container claw (214) is arranged on the side surface of the supporting sliding block (211), a primary digestion container (401) is arranged on the electric heating plate (213), and the container claw (214) is attached to the side surface of the primary digestion container (401);
The sample extraction container (400) further comprises a concentration container (402) and a liquid-passing hose (403), wherein two ends of the liquid-passing hose (403) are respectively communicated with a bottom opening (406) and the concentration container (402), a communication switch valve (410) is arranged on the liquid-passing hose (403), a fixed base (205) is further arranged on the inner bottom surface of the sampler sealing shell (200), the concentration container (402) is arranged on the fixed base (205), the bottom surface of the concentration container (402) is lower than the bottom surface of the preliminary digestion container (401), a liquid outlet (408) is arranged at the bottom of the concentration container (402), and a liquid outlet switch valve (409) is arranged on the liquid outlet (408);
The sampler sealing shell (200) is also provided with a second inclined socket (203), the inclined direction of the second inclined socket (203) points to the position of the concentration container (402), and the horizontal projection area of the concentration container (402) is larger than that of the preliminary digestion container (401);
The aquatic sample compression container (100) comprises a sample box (101) and an extrusion plate (102), wherein the extrusion plate (102) is slidably arranged inside the sample box (101), a sampling pinhole (103) is arranged at the bottom of the sample box (101), a through groove (104) is formed in the sample box (101), the extrusion plate (102) is slidably connected with the through groove (104), and a lifting handle (106) is arranged at the top end of the sample box (101);
The sampler is characterized in that a sample taking and placing opening (201) is further formed in the sampler sealing shell (200), the sample box (101) is slidably arranged in the sample taking and placing opening (201), a limiting groove (208) and a pin hole (209) are formed in the position, close to the sample taking and placing opening (201), of the sampler sealing shell (200), the sample box (101) is slidably connected with the limiting groove (208), a plug pin (105) is further arranged on the sample box (101), and the plug pin (105) is clamped in the pin hole (209);
an operation window (206) is further arranged on the sampler sealing shell (200), and a sliding cover plate (215) is arranged on the operation window (206) in a sliding manner;
an exhaust fan (207) is further arranged on the sampler sealing shell (200), and the exhaust fan (207) is aligned to the position of the primary digestion container (401);
When the sample box is particularly used, firstly, an aquatic product sample is placed into the sample box (101), then the aquatic product sample is compressed at the bottom of the sample box (101) through the sliding extrusion plate (102), the sample box (101) is lifted up through the lifting handle (106), the sample box (101) is placed into the sealed shell (200) of the sampler through the sample taking and placing opening (201), the sample box (101) slides along the limiting groove (208) until the bolt (105) on the sample box (101) is inserted into the pin hole (209), and then the fixing of the sample box (101) is completed;
Then the hollow cavity (302) is inserted into the first inclined socket (202), the positioning block (305) is ensured to enter the sampling positioning groove (210), the hollow sampling needle (301) on the hollow cavity (302) enters the sample box (101) through the sampling needle hole (103), the tip needle (304) on the hollow sampling needle (301) cuts the aquatic product sample in the sample box (101), the cut columnar sample remains in the hollow sampling needle (301) until the hollow sampling needle (301) completely penetrates through the sample box (101), at this time, the air-pressure hot air blower (303) is started, the air-pressure hot air blower (303) conveys high-pressure hot air into the hollow cavity (302) through the ventilation hose (307), the high-pressure hot air enters the hollow cavity (302) and then is further led into the hollow sampling needle (301), the columnar sample in the hollow sampling needle (301) is blown out, the sample falls into the filter plate (407) in the preliminary digestion container (401) through the side opening (404), the working state of the air-pressure hot air blower (303) is maintained until the hollow sampling needle (301) completely penetrates through the sample box (101), the sample-drying container (212) is continuously subjected to the dry weight sensing of the sample after the sample is continuously dried, and the sample is continuously dried in the preliminary digestion container (212);
then taking out the hollow cavity (302) and the sample box (101), opening the sliding cover plate (215), filling digestion liquid into the primary digestion container (401) through the operation window (206), closing the sliding cover plate (215), preparing the digestion liquid by nitric acid and perchloric acid, filling a proper volume of the digestion liquid into the top opening (405) according to the weight of the sample measured by the strain sensor (212), heating the primary digestion container (401) by using the electric plate (213), accelerating the digestion rate, and opening the exhaust fan (207) to extract waste gas and toxic gas generated by the digestion reaction in the primary digestion container (401) during the process, so as to avoid explosion hazard;
The digestion liquid breaks the organic matters in the sample and leaves heavy metal elements at the same time, the digestion of the sample is completed, the filtering plate (407) filters out solids which cannot be digested, then the communication switch valve (410) is opened, and the sample solution in the preliminary digestion container (401) flows into the lower concentration container (402) through the liquid through hose (403) due to the height difference between the preliminary digestion container (401) and the concentration container (402); then the hollow cavity (302) is inserted into the second inclined socket (203), the hollow sampling needle (301) is aligned to the concentration container (402), the air pressure air heater (303) is connected to a nitrogen source, the sample solution in the concentration container (402) is purged by nitrogen through the hollow sampling needle (301), the vapor pressure of the surface of the sample solution is reduced, the solvent is continuously evaporated to achieve the purpose of concentration, and the volume blank is reduced;
after the sample solution is concentrated in the concentration container (402), a liquid outlet switch valve (409) is opened, the concentrated sample solution is discharged through a liquid outlet (408), and then the sample solution is detected by using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, so that quantitative detection of heavy metals is realized.
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