JP2000023584A - Floor mat for livestock house - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide floor mats for livestock houses that are inexpensive and can be used repetitively. SOLUTION: This floor mats are made by densely plying the fibrous lumps made of coconut husks measuring 5-35 mm into a thickness of >=50 mm and laid on the floor of the livestock house, for cattle or the like. These floor mats are excellent in moisture retention and moisture permeability to retain the dry touch, can prevent infestation with insect pests or the like without occurrence of fermentation and putrefaction. In addition, they can be readily separable from the urine of the livestock and can be repetitively used even after they are composted.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a coconut palm chip laid on the floor of a livestock house for cattle, horses, pigs, etc., which has a good water retention ability and good water permeability, and maintains a dry feeling, and also has insects and the like. It is difficult to perform fermentation, and feces of livestock are composted, and fibrous lumps such as coconut chips that can be easily used and separated repeatedly are laid in the livestock barn so that the urine of the livestock can be easily discharged. And to provide a low-priced bedding material capable of promoting the growth of livestock and maintaining a healthy state.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, sawdust, rice husk, rice straw, and the like are usually used as litter to be laid on the floor of a livestock house.
These litters have been widely used because they are easily and inexpensively available. However, in recent years, the supply volume has been decreasing year by year due to a decrease in the production volume of wood and rice crops and an increase in demand for sawdust, that is, an increase in the amount of mushroom beds used as fungal beds or as a protective material for shipping such as yams and shrimp. Therefore, it is unavoidable that the prices of these articles are increasing year by year. In addition, the use of these articles as litters has problems as described below. In the case of sawdust, when used on the floor as a litter, since the particles are as small as 5 mm or less, livestock manure and sawdust are mixed together in about 5 days, and the water in the urine rises. Because of this, the livestock they keep are slippery and dangerous. For this reason, the state where the mixture of sawdust and manure has become muddy is scraped out of the house by a shovel loader and carried out to a compost yard. However, because of the muddy condition, the amount leaking from the siever loader is large, and it takes a lot of labor and time to remove the entire amount from the livestock barn. In addition, the litter mixed with sawdust and manure usually contains more than 90% of water, which makes it difficult to compost. Therefore, use a drying device to reduce the water to 70% or less to promote composting, use a zeolite, etc. It has the inconvenience of adjusting the water content by using a water conditioning material, and the mixture of sawdust and manure emits a bad smell when it starts to rot and flies fly in large quantities, causing maggots, and Sawdust itself is fermented together with manure and composted, so it cannot be used repeatedly. In addition, sawdust is used as a bedding material without disinfection and heat treatment.Therefore, sawdust often has eggs of parasites, for example, papillary faecal nematodes that cause sudden death in cattle, coccidium. There are cases in which a healthy calf suddenly dies without any warning by entering the skin percutaneously from the skin or the hoof ring of pigs. Eating a litter with roundworm presents problems such as breeding in internal organs and death in many cases. Therefore, in the case of sawdust, it is only used once and it is exchanged in a short time, so that not only the cost of litter but also the labor cost for processing the thick mixture of sawdust and manure increases and the cost becomes high. In addition, livestock have many disadvantages, such as frequent deaths due to the presence of parasites. Rice husk is used because of its high water absorption. However, since silicate is contained in the rice hull, it is very hard and rough, and it is difficult to use the rice husk. However, in order to obtain crushed rice husks, rice husks must be crushed with a crusher, but since the hulls are very hard, when crushing the rice hulls, the blades of the crusher are worn too much and the replacement cost of the blades increases, making it unprofitable At present, it is hardly supplied at present. Rice straw is a preferable material as a litter, but it is in high demand as a feed, so it is expensive and at the present time it is becoming difficult to obtain due to a decrease in production.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the problem of the litter laid on the floor of a livestock barn in the conventional livestock breeding, so that the product cost is low and it can be used repeatedly. The purpose is to provide litter.

[0004]

The bedding material for livestock barns according to the present invention is characterized in that fibrous lump formed in a range of 5 mm to 35 mm is laid on a floor surface of livestock barries in an amount of 50 mm or more. According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a bedding material for a livestock barn, wherein the fibrous mass is coconut chips.

[0005]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The bedding of a livestock barn made of coconut chips of the present invention has a good water holding power and good water permeability, so that the feeling of being dry is maintained, and furthermore, separation of urine discharged from livestock from water. Focusing on the easy-to-use coconut shell, this coconut shell is formed into lumps having a size of 5 to 35 mm, and the coconut palm chips are laid on the floor of a livestock house by 50 mm or more, and laid. Since it is configured to be used for breeding, it can be easily separated and discharged from urine of livestock, and this coconut chip is pheno-
And tannic acid are included so that it is difficult for insects to adhere and to ferment, keep the livestock's nails dry and maintain livestock growth and health, From the day after the mixture of coconut shells is deposited on the compost yard, the mixture of coconut shell chips and feces heats up to 40 ° C. or more to prevent insects from flying, and the moisture of urine absorbed by the coconut shell chips is preferably 50% to 60% for promoting composting. %, The manure attached to the coconut husk chips can be rapidly composted, and further fermented at a temperature of 40 ° C or more to ferment and compost. Provide a cheap and excellent livestock barn bedding which has the advantage that the mixture of used coconut husk chips and feces can be reused as a floor bedding even after use Is shall.

[0006]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the examples of the present invention will be described in detail. The bedding material composed of coconut chips according to the present invention is used for livestock such as cattle, horses, pigs, etc., which are densely laid and raised on the floor of a livestock barn. The present invention relates to a bedding material that can be used repeatedly as it improves the living environment and promotes the evaporation of urine discharged from livestock and the composting of feces attached to coconut husk, and can be used repeatedly. The obtained fibrous mass is obtained by dividing the obtained coconut husk into a range of 5 mm to 35 mm and forming a coconut husk chip shaped into a soft lumpy mass. 13 to 5 minutes with steam while moving using moving means 13
What has been subjected to a high-temperature sterilization treatment of about 0 ° C. is used as a floor covering material by laying it on a floor surface of a livestock house that breeds livestock such as cattle, horses, pigs, etc. in a thickness of 50 mm or more. Since coconut chips contain phenol, tannic acid, and the like, they have a property that insects are hardly attached and fermentation is difficult. Moreover, the coconut husk chips are made of a fibrous, flexible mass that has a moderate elasticity and has voids. It has the excellent property of maintaining a smooth feeling as if it were dry as it proceeds simultaneously. Lumpy coconut chips with a soft feel are
As described above, the litter has a good permeable feel, so if it is used for livestock, it can be used without giving a feeling of resistance to the hoof of the livestock, and the hoof of the livestock naturally maintains a dry state for a long time As a result, the living environment of the livestock barn is improved, which has a favorable effect on the growth and health management of livestock. In particular, when applied to the cattle barn, it is a litter suitable for use as a floor litter in a livestock barn because the hoof can be kept dry and the growth is good, and the meat quality is greatly improved. It should be noted that the urine flowing down from the coconut shell chips evaporates at the same time, but most of the urine flows out to the lower surface. Therefore, it is preferable that the floor surface of the livestock bard be slightly inclined so that the urine flows toward the drain. Nor. In addition, when a lump of coconut shell is used as a litter and then composted together with the attached feces, aerobic actinomycetes and anaerobic bacteria proliferate in the excrement and generate heat immediately.
The temperature reaches 0 ° C. or higher. That is, from around the day after the start of the composting process, the composting of livestock dung proceeds, and the temporary fermentation ends in about one week. When the secondary fermentation is completed in about two weeks, it can be used as compost. Since coconut husk chips have the property of neither fermenting nor decay, they have excellent properties of not generating odor.
The size of lumps of coconut chips laid in a cattle shed is usually formed and used to be within the range of 5 mm to 35 mm, but depending on the livestock, if the coconut chips are small, they are compacted together with feces. When the mixture of feces and coconut chips generated from livestock is composted, it changes into a fluffy powder. Therefore, it is good to use it as compost, but if it is used repeatedly, the size of coconut chips is 5 It is preferable to use the material in the form of a lump having a size of millimeters or more because it can be used again and the discharge processing operation can be easily performed. Examples will be described below. In a section of 18 tsubo, a beef breeding 13 beef cattle breeding 13 beef cows, a litter of coconut shell chips formed into a block of about 20 mm was laid at appropriate places at a heap at several places, and the cow was observed. The coconut chips were scraped out with a foot to an appropriate thickness around them to create a bed and lay down. In addition, the coconut shell chips have good permeability to urine excreted by beef cattle, and the urine evaporates while flowing down quickly, except for the part that is absorbed, so that the surface immediately dries naturally, so Absent. Therefore, beef cattle were happy to use them as beds.
The used mixture of coconut palm chips and feces used for about 5 days was transferred to a compost treatment plant by a sieve loader or the like and deposited, but the feces kneaded with coconut palm chips were aerobic actinomycetes present in the feces. The insects such as flies did not fly and did not suffer from worms because they generated heat at 40 ° C. or higher due to the action of anaerobic bacteria. In addition, since coconut chips do not rot, composting of only feces starts the day after they are deposited, and
The next fermentation ends. After the completion of the secondary fermentation in about two weeks, it became available as compost. No odor was generated from the coconut chips attached to the compost, and the coconut chips did not rot even after 60 days. Also, the mixture of coconut chips and composted feces was a fibrous lump that was smooth, so it was used again as a floor covering, but it could be used continuously without any problem.
In addition, since coconut husk chips have been sterilized and have no parasites, they can be used safely for livestock.

[0007]

[Comparative Example] When sawdust was laid on the floor of a livestock barn in the same way as in the example, and after 5 days, sawdust, feces and urine were mixed and became muddy, and the livestock dirt was terrible. However, the work of discharging the mashed mixture of sawdust and manure to the compost yard outside the house is extremely poor in workability, and the work of removing the sawdust and manure from the livestock barn is extremely difficult. It was extremely difficult and required a lot of effort.

[0008] As described above, the present invention focuses on coconut shells that maintain a smooth feeling due to good water retention and water permeability and that can be easily separated from urine. Formed by applying high-temperature sterilization to coconut shell chips molded into a soft lump in the range of steam,
The coconut chips are laid on the floor of a livestock barn at a depth of 50 mm or more and used for breeding livestock. Therefore, separation and discharge of urine from livestock can be easily performed, and the coconut chips can be easily processed. Contains phenol, tannic acid, etc., which makes it difficult for insects to adhere and fermentation, keeps the livestock's nails in a dry state, promotes the growth of the livestock, and maintains the health of the livestock. The kneaded product of coconut chips and manure has the advantage of promoting the composting of manure due to the action of aerobic actinomycetes and anaerobic bacteria contained in urine, and urine flows down and evaporates simultaneously in coconut chips. Therefore, only feces remain on the coconut chips and become compost, and the shit attached to the coconut chips changes to a fibrous and smooth form. The person has a number of advantages and the like can be use.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A bedding flooring for livestock barracks, wherein a fibrous mass formed in a range of 5 mm to 35 mm is laid on the floor of the barnyard. 2. The bedding material of a livestock barn according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous mass is coconut chips.