IL278019A - trans splicing molecules - Google Patents

trans splicing molecules

Info

Publication number
IL278019A
IL278019A IL278019A IL27801920A IL278019A IL 278019 A IL278019 A IL 278019A IL 278019 A IL278019 A IL 278019A IL 27801920 A IL27801920 A IL 27801920A IL 278019 A IL278019 A IL 278019A
Authority
IL
Israel
Prior art keywords
trans
splicing molecules
splicing
molecules
Prior art date
Application number
IL278019A
Other languages
English (en)
Hebrew (he)
Original Assignee
Univ Pennsylvania
Ascidian Therapeutics Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Univ Pennsylvania, Ascidian Therapeutics Inc filed Critical Univ Pennsylvania
Publication of IL278019A publication Critical patent/IL278019A/en

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/435Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • C07K14/705Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7088Compounds having three or more nucleosides or nucleotides
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K48/00Medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseases; Gene therapy
    • A61K48/005Medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseases; Gene therapy characterised by an aspect of the 'active' part of the composition delivered, i.e. the nucleic acid delivered
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P27/00Drugs for disorders of the senses
    • A61P27/02Ophthalmic agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N15/00Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
    • C12N15/09Recombinant DNA-technology
    • C12N15/11DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof; Non-coding nucleic acids having a biological activity
    • C12N15/113Non-coding nucleic acids modulating the expression of genes, e.g. antisense oligonucleotides; Antisense DNA or RNA; Triplex- forming oligonucleotides; Catalytic nucleic acids, e.g. ribozymes; Nucleic acids used in co-suppression or gene silencing
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N15/00Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
    • C12N15/09Recombinant DNA-technology
    • C12N15/11DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof; Non-coding nucleic acids having a biological activity
    • C12N15/113Non-coding nucleic acids modulating the expression of genes, e.g. antisense oligonucleotides; Antisense DNA or RNA; Triplex- forming oligonucleotides; Catalytic nucleic acids, e.g. ribozymes; Nucleic acids used in co-suppression or gene silencing
    • C12N15/1138Non-coding nucleic acids modulating the expression of genes, e.g. antisense oligonucleotides; Antisense DNA or RNA; Triplex- forming oligonucleotides; Catalytic nucleic acids, e.g. ribozymes; Nucleic acids used in co-suppression or gene silencing against receptors or cell surface proteins
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N15/00Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
    • C12N15/09Recombinant DNA-technology
    • C12N15/63Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
    • C12N15/79Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
    • C12N15/85Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for animal cells
    • C12N15/86Viral vectors
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K2319/00Fusion polypeptide
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K2319/00Fusion polypeptide
    • C07K2319/70Fusion polypeptide containing domain for protein-protein interaction
    • C07K2319/71Fusion polypeptide containing domain for protein-protein interaction containing domain for transcriptional activaation, e.g. VP16
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K2319/00Fusion polypeptide
    • C07K2319/85Fusion polypeptide containing an RNA binding domain
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N2310/00Structure or type of the nucleic acid
    • C12N2310/10Type of nucleic acid
    • C12N2310/20Type of nucleic acid involving clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats [CRISPR]
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N2320/00Applications; Uses
    • C12N2320/30Special therapeutic applications
    • C12N2320/33Alteration of splicing
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N2320/00Applications; Uses
    • C12N2320/30Special therapeutic applications
    • C12N2320/34Allele or polymorphism specific uses
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N2750/00MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA ssDNA viruses
    • C12N2750/00011Details
    • C12N2750/14011Parvoviridae
    • C12N2750/14111Dependovirus, e.g. adenoassociated viruses
    • C12N2750/14122New viral proteins or individual genes, new structural or functional aspects of known viral proteins or genes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N2750/00MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA ssDNA viruses
    • C12N2750/00011Details
    • C12N2750/14011Parvoviridae
    • C12N2750/14111Dependovirus, e.g. adenoassociated viruses
    • C12N2750/14141Use of virus, viral particle or viral elements as a vector
    • C12N2750/14143Use of virus, viral particle or viral elements as a vector viral genome or elements thereof as genetic vector

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Cell Biology (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Virology (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
IL278019A 2018-04-17 2020-10-13 trans splicing molecules IL278019A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201862658658P 2018-04-17 2018-04-17
US201862658667P 2018-04-17 2018-04-17
PCT/US2019/027981 WO2019204514A1 (en) 2018-04-17 2019-04-17 Trans-splicing molecules

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
IL278019A true IL278019A (en) 2020-11-30

Family

ID=68239871

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
IL278019A IL278019A (en) 2018-04-17 2020-10-13 trans splicing molecules

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (2) US11993776B2 (enExample)
EP (1) EP3781213A4 (enExample)
JP (2) JP7561624B2 (enExample)
KR (2) KR20250150157A (enExample)
CN (1) CN112449605A (enExample)
AU (1) AU2019255708A1 (enExample)
BR (1) BR112020021228A2 (enExample)
CA (1) CA3097004A1 (enExample)
IL (1) IL278019A (enExample)
MX (2) MX2020010959A (enExample)
WO (1) WO2019204514A1 (enExample)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA3097004A1 (en) 2018-04-17 2019-10-24 The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania Trans-splicing molecules
US20220204989A1 (en) * 2019-04-17 2022-06-30 The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania Triple helix terminator for efficient rna trans-splicing
AU2022214429A1 (en) 2021-02-01 2023-09-14 Tern Therapeutics, Llc Gene therapy for neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses
AU2022337146A1 (en) 2021-09-03 2024-03-14 Tacit Therapeutics, Inc. Rna editing via recruitment of spliceosome components
GB2634434A (en) * 2022-05-13 2025-04-09 Ascidian Therapeutics Inc ABCA4 trans-splicing molecules
EP4551703A2 (en) * 2022-07-07 2025-05-14 Aldevron, LLC Ocular vectors and uses thereof
EP4594505A1 (en) * 2022-09-30 2025-08-06 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Therapy by trans-splicing of opa1 pre-messenger rnas for the treatment of diseases associated with opa1 gene mutations
KR20250157548A (ko) * 2023-02-15 2025-11-04 아시디엔 테라퓨틱스, 인크. Htt 트랜스 스플라이싱 분자
WO2025166360A1 (en) * 2024-02-03 2025-08-07 Duke University Compositions for and methods of engineering the transcriptome

Family Cites Families (42)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE69636937T3 (de) 1995-12-15 2011-01-05 Virxsys Corp. Durch trans-spaltung erhaltene therapeutische molekule
US6280978B1 (en) 1995-12-15 2001-08-28 Intronn Holdings, Llc Methods and compositions for use in spliceosome mediated RNA trans-splicing
CA2267795C (en) 1996-10-04 2011-04-05 Intronn Llc Sample collection devices and methods using markers and the use of such markers as controls in sample validation, laboratory evaluation and/or accreditation
US6929907B2 (en) 1999-12-31 2005-08-16 North Carolina State University Methods and compositions for determining the purity of chemically synthesized nucleic acids
WO2003003014A1 (en) 2001-06-29 2003-01-09 Veri-Q, Inc. Methods and compositions for determining the purity of and purifying chemically synthesized nucleic acids
CA2475802A1 (en) 2002-02-12 2003-08-21 Intronn, Inc. Methods and compositions for use in spliceosome mediated rna trans-splicing
US7399753B2 (en) 2002-02-25 2008-07-15 Virxsys Corporation Trans-splicing mediated photodynamic therapy
CA2477295A1 (en) 2002-02-25 2003-09-04 Intronn, Inc. Trans-splicing mediated imaging of gene expression
JP2005528912A (ja) 2002-06-05 2005-09-29 イントロン,インコーポレーテッド 幹細胞におけるスプライセオソーム介在rnaトランススプライシング
AU2003237449A1 (en) 2002-06-05 2003-12-22 Virxsys Corporation Spliceosome mediated RNA trans-splicing and correction of factor VIII genetic defects
US20040018622A1 (en) 2002-07-17 2004-01-29 Mitchell Lloyd G. Spliceosome mediated RNA trans-splicing for correction of skin disorders
ATE471387T1 (de) 2002-10-23 2010-07-15 Virxsys Corp Screening-verfahren zur identifizierung wirksamer prä-trans-spleissmoleküle
US8053232B2 (en) 2004-01-23 2011-11-08 Virxsys Corporation Correction of alpha-1-antitrypsin genetic defects using spliceosome mediated RNA trans splicing
JP2007518423A (ja) 2004-01-23 2007-07-12 イントロン、インコーポレイテッド スプライセオソーム仲介型rnaトランススプライシングを使用するアポa−1及びその変異体の発現
WO2006026611A2 (en) 2004-08-31 2006-03-09 Mitchell Lloyd G Reverse transcriptase mediated rna gene expression
US7943374B2 (en) 2005-08-21 2011-05-17 Markus Hildinger Super-size adeno-associated viral vector harboring a recombinant genome larger than 5.7 kb
US20090214478A1 (en) 2008-02-21 2009-08-27 Alberto Auricchio Method of treating ocular diseases by gene therapy
US8236557B2 (en) 2008-05-28 2012-08-07 University Of Missouri-Columbia Hybrid-AAV vectors to deliver large gene expression cassette
EP2151248A1 (en) 2008-07-30 2010-02-10 Johann Bauer Improved pre-mRNA trans-splicing molecule (RTM) molecules and their uses
AU2013234376B2 (en) * 2008-10-22 2016-07-28 Acucela, Inc. Compounds for treating ophthalmic diseases and disorders
US8648053B2 (en) 2010-10-20 2014-02-11 Rosalind Franklin University Of Medicine And Science Antisense oligonucleotides that target a cryptic splice site in Ush1c as a therapeutic for Usher syndrome
US9249425B2 (en) 2011-05-16 2016-02-02 The Trustees Of The University Of Pennslyvania Proviral plasmids and production of recombinant adeno-associated virus
CA2847664C (en) * 2011-09-05 2021-08-31 Stichting Katholieke Universiteit Antisense oligonucleotides for the treatment of leber congenital amaurosis
JP6199965B2 (ja) 2012-07-11 2017-09-20 ザ・トラステイーズ・オブ・ザ・ユニバーシテイ・オブ・ペンシルベニア Rpgrx連鎖性網膜変性のaav媒介型遺伝子治療
MX2015004853A (es) 2012-10-16 2015-12-09 Massachusetts Inst Technology Produccion de acidos ribonucleicos no poliadenilados estables.
GB201219762D0 (en) 2012-11-02 2012-12-19 Bauer Johann A RNA trans-splicing molecule (RTM) for use in the treatment of cancer
DK2954051T3 (da) 2013-02-08 2019-07-08 Univ Pennsylvania Modificeret kapsid til genoverførsel til behandling af nethinden
US10266845B2 (en) 2013-02-08 2019-04-23 The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania Enhanced AAV-mediated gene transfer for retinal therapies
EP2986635B1 (en) 2013-04-18 2018-10-03 Fondazione Telethon Effective delivery of large genes by dual aav vectors
WO2015009575A1 (en) 2013-07-16 2015-01-22 The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania Compositions and methods for treatment of disorders related to cep290
WO2015138510A1 (en) 2014-03-10 2015-09-17 Editas Medicine., Inc. Crispr/cas-related methods and compositions for treating leber's congenital amaurosis 10 (lca10)
CN106471134B (zh) 2014-07-09 2021-11-12 莱科赛根有限公司 用于定量rna转录物变体的方法和产物
BR112017018728A2 (pt) 2015-03-03 2018-04-17 Fond Telethon sistema de vetor para expressar a sequência de codificação de um gene de interesse em uma célula, célula hospedeira, composição farmacêutica, método para tratar e/ou prevenir uma patologia ou doença, uso de uma sequência de nucleotídeo de um sinal de degradação em um sistema de vetor e método para diminuir a expressão de uma proteína na forma truncada
US10987433B2 (en) * 2015-11-19 2021-04-27 The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania Compositions and methods for correction of heritable ocular disease
CA3005128A1 (en) 2015-12-14 2017-06-22 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Compositions and methods for treatment of eye diseases
EP4445954A3 (en) * 2017-07-31 2025-01-08 Reflection Biotechnologies Limited Cellular models of and therapies for ocular diseases
WO2019027869A1 (en) 2017-07-31 2019-02-07 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology RNA-CLUSTER INDUCED TRANSCRIPT STABILIZER AND USES THEREOF
CA3097004A1 (en) 2018-04-17 2019-10-24 The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania Trans-splicing molecules
WO2020214990A1 (en) 2019-04-17 2020-10-22 Ascidian Therapeutics, Inc. Abca4 cell line and methods of use
US20220204989A1 (en) 2019-04-17 2022-06-30 The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania Triple helix terminator for efficient rna trans-splicing
CN113795155A (zh) 2019-05-01 2021-12-14 宝洁公司 产生短链脂肪酸的益生菌菌株和包含该益生菌菌株的组合物
GB2634434A (en) 2022-05-13 2025-04-09 Ascidian Therapeutics Inc ABCA4 trans-splicing molecules

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR112020021228A2 (pt) 2021-03-02
EP3781213A1 (en) 2021-02-24
US20240318186A1 (en) 2024-09-26
JP7561624B2 (ja) 2024-10-04
US20210155938A1 (en) 2021-05-27
AU2019255708A1 (en) 2020-11-26
CN112449605A (zh) 2021-03-05
KR102866133B1 (ko) 2025-09-30
EP3781213A4 (en) 2022-10-19
MX2025007209A (es) 2025-07-01
US12442003B2 (en) 2025-10-14
CA3097004A1 (en) 2019-10-24
JP2021520837A (ja) 2021-08-26
MX2020010959A (es) 2021-01-15
US11993776B2 (en) 2024-05-28
WO2019204514A1 (en) 2019-10-24
KR20210018222A (ko) 2021-02-17
JP2024099770A (ja) 2024-07-25
KR20250150157A (ko) 2025-10-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
IL278019A (en) trans splicing molecules
GB201615617D0 (en) Small molecules
GB201612520D0 (en) Binding molecules
EP3371785A4 (en) In-vehicle access application
EP3331549A4 (en) Improved microbe-binding molecules and uses thereof
GB201521858D0 (en) Small molecules
AU201713736S (en) Cartridge
IL273493A (en) Modified CAR-T
EP3250601A4 (en) Multivalent molecules comprising dr5-binding domains
EP3288580A4 (en) Glycan-dependent immunotherapeutic molecules
GB201601075D0 (en) Antibodies molecules
GB201522391D0 (en) Antibody molecules
GB201702091D0 (en) Specific binding molecules
SG11201808538QA (en) Trans-splicing rna (tsrna)
ZA202001649B (en) Rna molecules
PL3582629T3 (pl) Marynata
IL289266A (en) new molecules
GB2537722B (en) Booklet
GB2563450B (en) Cartridge
HK40048428A (en) Trans-splicing molecules
GB201919193D0 (en) Novel molecules
GB201912688D0 (en) Novel Molecules
GB201706043D0 (en) Small molecules
GB201706042D0 (en) Small molecules
HK40033373A (en) Rna molecules