HU224307B1 - Nagyenergiájú, robbanó emulziókat tartalmazó töltények - Google Patents
Nagyenergiájú, robbanó emulziókat tartalmazó töltények Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- HU224307B1 HU224307B1 HU9902263A HUP9902263A HU224307B1 HU 224307 B1 HU224307 B1 HU 224307B1 HU 9902263 A HU9902263 A HU 9902263A HU P9902263 A HUP9902263 A HU P9902263A HU 224307 B1 HU224307 B1 HU 224307B1
- Authority
- HU
- Hungary
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- water
- content
- nitrate
- explosive
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 fatty acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008055 alkyl aryl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940082615 organic nitrates used in cardiac disease Drugs 0.000 description 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical class OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N (2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;(2s)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical class [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Thiocyanate anion Chemical compound [S-]C#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RAESLDWEUUSRLO-UHFFFAOYSA-O aminoazanium;nitrate Chemical compound [NH3+]N.[O-][N+]([O-])=O RAESLDWEUUSRLO-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007809 chemical reaction catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine monohydrate Substances O.NN IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen thiocyanate Natural products SC#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007762 w/o emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluorocyclohexane Chemical compound FC1(F)CCCCC1 ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910021592 Copper(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitroglycerin Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000006 Nitroglycerin Substances 0.000 description 1
- IYFATESGLOUGBX-YVNJGZBMSA-N Sorbitan monopalmitate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O IYFATESGLOUGBX-YVNJGZBMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N Sorbitan monostearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000219793 Trifolium Species 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CAMXVZOXBADHNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium nitrite Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]N=O CAMXVZOXBADHNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003711 glyceryl trinitrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- AFEBXVJYLNMAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine;nitric acid Chemical class NN.O[N+]([O-])=O AFEBXVJYLNMAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GIMCVIVQMMVJFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine;nitrous acid Chemical compound NN.ON=O GIMCVIVQMMVJFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940070765 laurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RLJMLMKIBZAXJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)O[Pb]O[N+]([O-])=O RLJMLMKIBZAXJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940057995 liquid paraffin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- PTIUDKQYXMFYAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylammonium nitrate Chemical compound NC.O[N+]([O-])=O PTIUDKQYXMFYAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ONXCJFFWHHPCOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylhydrazine;nitric acid Chemical compound CNN.O[N+]([O-])=O ONXCJFFWHHPCOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019808 microcrystalline wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001593 sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940035049 sorbitan monooleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011069 sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229950003429 sorbitan palmitate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950011392 sorbitan stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002920 sorbitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic anhydride Chemical group O=C1CCC(=O)O1 RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003738 xylenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B47/00—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase
- C06B47/14—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase comprising a solid component and an aqueous phase
- C06B47/145—Water in oil emulsion type explosives in which a carbonaceous fuel forms the continuous phase
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
- General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9808498A FR2780726B1 (fr) | 1998-07-03 | 1998-07-03 | Emulsions explosives encartouchees energetiques |
Publications (4)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| HU9902263D0 HU9902263D0 (en) | 1999-08-30 |
| HUP9902263A2 HUP9902263A2 (hu) | 2001-12-28 |
| HUP9902263A3 HUP9902263A3 (en) | 2002-02-28 |
| HU224307B1 true HU224307B1 (hu) | 2005-07-28 |
Family
ID=9528202
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| HU9902263A HU224307B1 (hu) | 1998-07-03 | 1999-07-02 | Nagyenergiájú, robbanó emulziókat tartalmazó töltények |
Country Status (17)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0968985B1 (ru) |
| AT (1) | ATE236863T1 (ru) |
| BG (1) | BG64046B1 (ru) |
| CZ (1) | CZ294205B6 (ru) |
| DE (1) | DE69906626T2 (ru) |
| DK (1) | DK0968985T3 (ru) |
| ES (1) | ES2196739T3 (ru) |
| FR (1) | FR2780726B1 (ru) |
| HU (1) | HU224307B1 (ru) |
| NO (1) | NO311670B1 (ru) |
| OA (1) | OA11073A (ru) |
| PL (1) | PL189609B1 (ru) |
| PT (1) | PT968985E (ru) |
| RU (1) | RU2222519C2 (ru) |
| SI (1) | SI0968985T1 (ru) |
| SK (1) | SK285047B6 (ru) |
| UA (1) | UA58528C2 (ru) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CZ2017112A3 (cs) * | 2017-03-01 | 2018-11-14 | Explosia A.S. | Sypká koloběhovaná amonledková průmyslová trhavina |
| EP3737656A4 (en) | 2018-01-09 | 2021-09-15 | Dyno Nobel Asia Pacific Pty Limited | EXPLOSIVE COMPOSITIONS FOR USE IN REACTIVE SOIL AND RELATED PROCESSES |
| CN110526791A (zh) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-03 | 北方爆破科技有限公司 | 一种用于流化床的混装炸药及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4383873A (en) * | 1980-10-27 | 1983-05-17 | Atlas Powder Company | Sensitive low water emulsion explosive compositions |
| GB2156799B (en) * | 1984-03-21 | 1987-12-16 | Ici Plc | Emulsion explosive |
| CA1220943A (en) * | 1984-04-05 | 1987-04-28 | Harvey A. Jessop, (Deceased) | Cast explosive composition |
| US4844321A (en) * | 1986-08-11 | 1989-07-04 | Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for explosive cladding |
| AU591976B2 (en) * | 1987-04-24 | 1989-12-21 | Norsk Hydro A.S | Emulsion explosive |
| ZW5188A1 (en) * | 1987-05-20 | 1989-09-27 | Aeci Ltd | Explosive |
| WO1991002706A1 (fr) * | 1989-08-23 | 1991-03-07 | Nippon Oil And Fats Co., Ltd. | Emulsion huileuse explosive |
| US4976793A (en) * | 1990-06-12 | 1990-12-11 | Dantex Explosives (Proprietary) Limited | Explosive composition |
-
1998
- 1998-07-03 FR FR9808498A patent/FR2780726B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-06-17 DK DK99401491T patent/DK0968985T3/da active
- 1999-06-17 SI SI9930259T patent/SI0968985T1/xx unknown
- 1999-06-17 PT PT99401491T patent/PT968985E/pt unknown
- 1999-06-17 EP EP99401491A patent/EP0968985B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-06-17 ES ES99401491T patent/ES2196739T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-06-17 DE DE69906626T patent/DE69906626T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-06-17 AT AT99401491T patent/ATE236863T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-07-01 BG BG103547A patent/BG64046B1/bg unknown
- 1999-07-01 RU RU99113834/02A patent/RU2222519C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-07-01 PL PL99334147A patent/PL189609B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-07-01 NO NO19993278A patent/NO311670B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-07-02 HU HU9902263A patent/HU224307B1/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-07-02 UA UA99073778A patent/UA58528C2/ru unknown
- 1999-07-02 SK SK909-99A patent/SK285047B6/sk not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-07-02 CZ CZ19992408A patent/CZ294205B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-07-02 OA OA9900151A patent/OA11073A/fr unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HU9902263D0 (en) | 1999-08-30 |
| CZ294205B6 (cs) | 2004-10-13 |
| CZ9902408A3 (cs) | 2000-10-11 |
| ATE236863T1 (de) | 2003-04-15 |
| BG103547A (en) | 2000-01-31 |
| HUP9902263A2 (hu) | 2001-12-28 |
| DE69906626T2 (de) | 2004-02-05 |
| ES2196739T3 (es) | 2003-12-16 |
| SI0968985T1 (en) | 2003-10-31 |
| SK90999A3 (en) | 2000-05-16 |
| RU2222519C2 (ru) | 2004-01-27 |
| EP0968985A1 (fr) | 2000-01-05 |
| NO993278D0 (no) | 1999-07-01 |
| BG64046B1 (bg) | 2003-11-28 |
| FR2780726A1 (fr) | 2000-01-07 |
| NO993278L (no) | 2000-01-04 |
| DE69906626D1 (de) | 2003-05-15 |
| HUP9902263A3 (en) | 2002-02-28 |
| DK0968985T3 (da) | 2003-08-04 |
| UA58528C2 (ru) | 2003-08-15 |
| NO311670B1 (no) | 2002-01-02 |
| PT968985E (pt) | 2003-08-29 |
| PL189609B1 (pl) | 2005-08-31 |
| OA11073A (en) | 2003-03-17 |
| SK285047B6 (sk) | 2006-05-04 |
| EP0968985B1 (fr) | 2003-04-09 |
| FR2780726B1 (fr) | 2000-08-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| HFG4 | Patent granted, date of granting |
Effective date: 20050610 |
|
| MM4A | Lapse of definitive patent protection due to non-payment of fees |