HRP20190901T1 - Metoda i uređaj za pročišćavanje smjese koja sadrži ulje i vosak - Google Patents

Metoda i uređaj za pročišćavanje smjese koja sadrži ulje i vosak Download PDF

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HRP20190901T1
HRP20190901T1 HRP20190901TT HRP20190901T HRP20190901T1 HR P20190901 T1 HRP20190901 T1 HR P20190901T1 HR P20190901T T HRP20190901T T HR P20190901TT HR P20190901 T HRP20190901 T HR P20190901T HR P20190901 T1 HRP20190901 T1 HR P20190901T1
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Mathias PFEIL
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Sulzer Chemtech Ag
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D9/00—Crystallisation
    • B01D9/02—Crystallisation from solutions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G73/00—Recovery or refining of mineral waxes, e.g. montan wax
    • C10G73/02—Recovery of petroleum waxes from hydrocarbon oils; Dewaxing of hydrocarbon oils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D9/00—Crystallisation
    • B01D9/0004—Crystallisation cooling by heat exchange
    • B01D9/0013—Crystallisation cooling by heat exchange by indirect heat exchange
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D9/00—Crystallisation
    • B01D9/0036—Crystallisation on to a bed of product crystals; Seeding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D9/00—Crystallisation
    • B01D9/004—Fractional crystallisation; Fractionating or rectifying columns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D9/00—Crystallisation
    • B01D9/0059—General arrangements of crystallisation plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
    • C07C7/14—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by crystallisation; Purification or separation of the crystals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G73/00—Recovery or refining of mineral waxes, e.g. montan wax
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G73/00—Recovery or refining of mineral waxes, e.g. montan wax
    • C10G73/02—Recovery of petroleum waxes from hydrocarbon oils; Dewaxing of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G73/06—Recovery of petroleum waxes from hydrocarbon oils; Dewaxing of hydrocarbon oils with the use of solvents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G73/00—Recovery or refining of mineral waxes, e.g. montan wax
    • C10G73/36—Recovery of petroleum waxes from other compositions containing oil in minor proportions, from concentrates or from residues; De-oiling, sweating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G73/00—Recovery or refining of mineral waxes, e.g. montan wax
    • C10G73/38—Chemical modification of petroleum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G73/00—Recovery or refining of mineral waxes, e.g. montan wax
    • C10G73/42—Refining of petroleum waxes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/10—Refining fats or fatty oils by adsorption
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/12—Refining fats or fatty oils by distillation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/16—Refining fats or fatty oils by mechanical means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B7/00—Separation of mixtures of fats or fatty oils into their constituents, e.g. saturated oils from unsaturated oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B7/00—Separation of mixtures of fats or fatty oils into their constituents, e.g. saturated oils from unsaturated oils
    • C11B7/0075—Separation of mixtures of fats or fatty oils into their constituents, e.g. saturated oils from unsaturated oils by differences of melting or solidifying points
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1033—Oil well production fluids

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Claims (15)

1. Metoda za frakcionaciju sirove smjese koja sadrži najmanje jedno ulje i najmanje jedan vosak, koja obuhvaća sljedeće korake metode: (a) provođenje stupnja pred-frakcionacije (2) kao kristalizacije sloja (i) sa sirovom smjesom koja sadrži najmanje jedno ulje i najmanje jedan vosak ili (ii) sa sirovom smjesom otapala dobivenom dodavanjem prije stupnja pred-frakcionacije (2) najviše 100% masenog udjela otapala u odnosu na težinu sirove smjese, da se dobije prva frakcija koja sadrže slabo voskasto ulje i druga frakcija koja sadrži slabo uljni vosak, (b) izvođenje prvog stupnja kristalizacije (12), uključujući (b1) podstupanj kristalizacije prve suspenzije (14) s prvom frakcijom koja sadrži slabo voskasto ulje za pripremu treće frakcije koja sadrži odvošteno ulje i četvrtu frakciju i (b2) nakon prvog podstupnja kristalizacije suspenzije (14), drugi podstupanj kristalizacije suspenzije (14') sa smjesom četvrte frakcije dobivene u stupnju pred-frakcionacije koraka metode (b1) i druge frakcije koja sadrži slabo uljni vosak dobiven u koraku metode (a) za pripremu pete frakcije koja sadrži parafinski mekani vosak i šeste frakcije.
2. Metoda sukladno zahtjevu 1, naznačena time da stupanj pred-frakcionacije (2) obuhvaća jedan ili više podstupnjeva kristalizacije slojeva koji se izvode svaki s jednim ili više statičkih kristalizatora.
3. Metoda sukladno zahtjevu 1 ili 2, naznačena time da se kristalizacija sloja stupnja pred-frakcionacije (2) koraka metode (a) provodi tako da prva frakcija dobivena nakon kristalizacije obuhvaća najviše 70% masenog udjela, poželjno najviše 60% masenog udjela, poželjnije najviše 55% masenog udjela i još poželjnije najviše 50% masenog udjela sadržaja voska u sirovoj smjesi.
4. Metoda sukladno bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva, naznačena time da metoda nadalje obuhvaća (c) izvođenje drugog stupnja kristalizacije (36) koji sadrži: (c1) provođenje najmanje jednog podstupnja kristalizacije (38, 38') s barem dijelom pete frakcije dobivene u koraku metode (b2), pri čemu se petoj frakciji prije kristalizacije u koraku metode (c1) ne dodaju otapala ili se dodaje najviše 100% masenog udjela otapala u odnosu na težinu pete frakcije, da se dobije sedma frakcija koja sadržava oduljeni lagani vosak s udjelom ulja najviše 5% masenog udjela i kinematičkom viskoznošću od najviše 7 cSt i osma frakcija koja sadrži lagani meki vosak s udjelom ulja većim od 5% masenog udjela i kinematičkom viskoznošću od najviše 7 cSt i (c2) opcionalno cirkuliranje barem dijela osme frakcije u drugi kristalizacijski pod- stupanj (14') prvog stupnja kristalizacije (12) koraka metode (b2).
5. Metoda sukladno bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva, naznačena time da metoda nadalje obuhvaća (d) izvođenje trećeg stupnja kristalizacije (43) koji sadrži: (d1) provođenje najmanje jednog podstupnja kristalizacije (14", 14"') s barem dijelom dobivene pete frakcije u koraku metode (b2), pri čemu se petoj frakciji prije kristalizacije u koraku metode (c1) dodaje više od 100% masenog udjela otapala u odnosu na težinu pete frakcije, za pripremu devete frakcije koja sadrži oduljeni teški vosak koji ima najviše 5% masenog udjela ulja i kinematičku viskoznost veću od 7 cSt i desete frakcije koja sadrži teški meki vosak s udjelom ulja većim od 5% masenog udjela i kinematičkom viskoznošću većom od 7 cSt.
6. Metoda sukladno bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva, naznačena time da sirova smjesa uključuje 60 do 99% masenog udjela ulja i 1 do 40% masenog udjela voska, poželjno 75 do 95% masenog udjela ulja i 5 do 25% masenog udjela voska i poželjnije 78 do 95% masenog udjela ulja i 5 do 22% masenog udjela voska.
7. Metoda sukladno bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva, naznačena time da se sirova smjesa pomiješa u bilo kojem od koraka metode (a), (c1) i (d1) s otapalom odabranim iz skupine koja se sastoji od metil etil ketona, metil izobutil ketona, acetona, benzena, toluena, dikloroetana, metilen diklorida, metanola, metil tercijarnog butil etera, N-metil-pirolidona i smjese dva ili više gore navedenih otapala.
8. Metoda sukladno bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva, naznačena time da se prvi podstupanj kristalizacije suspenzije(14) prvog stupnja kristalizacije (12) u koraku metode (b1) i drugi podstupanj kristalizacije suspenzije (14') prve faze kristalizacije (12) u koraku metode (b2) provode tako da treća frakcija koja sadrži odvošteno ulje dobivena u koraku metode (b1) sadrži manje od 5% masenog udjela, poželjno manje od 3% masenog udjela, poželjnije manje od 2% masenog udjela, još poželjnije manje od 1% masenog udjela i najpoželjnije manje od 0,5% masenog udjela voska i / ili tako da peta frakcija koja sadrži parafinski mekani vosak dobivena nakon koraka metode (b2) sadrži manje od 30% masenog udjela, poželjno manje od 15% masenog udjela, poželjnije manje od 12% masenog udjela i još poželjnije manje od 10% masenog udjela ulja.
9. Metoda sukladno bilo kojem od zahtjeva 4 do 8, naznačena time da se u drugom stupnju kristalizacije (36) u koraku metode (c) vrši najmanje jedan podstupanj kristalizacije sloja (38, 38'), poželjno podstupanj statičke kristalizacije (38, 38').
10. Metoda sukladno bilo kojem od zahtjeva 4 do 9, naznačena time da se u drugom stupnju kristalizacije (36) u koraku metode (c) provode jedan do pet, poželjno jedan do tri i još poželjnije jedan ili dva podstupnjeva kristalizacije (38, 38').
11. Metoda sukladno bilo kojem od zahtjeva 4 do 10, naznačena time da je u koraku metode (c2) 10 do 100%, poželjno 20 do 90% i još poželjnije 40 do 80% osme frakcije cirkulirano u drugi podstupanj kristalizacije (14') koraka metoda (b2).
12. Postrojenje (1) za frakcionaciju sirove smjese koja da sadrži najmanje jedno ulje i najmanje jedan vosak, posebno za provođenje metode u skladu s bilo kojim od zahtjeva 1 do 11, naznačeno time da postrojenje sadrži: i) izvor sirove smjese, ii) stupanj pred-frakcionacije (2) koji obuhvaća barem jedan podstupanj kristalizacije sloja (3) koji obuhvaća najmanje jedan kristalizator sloja i iii) prvi stupanj kristalizacije (12) koji obuhvaća prvi, podstupanj kristalizacije suspenzije uzvodno (14) koji sadrži barem jedan suspenzijski kristalizator i najmanje jedan drugi, podstupanj kristalizacije suspenzije nizvodno (14') koji sadrži barem jedan suspenzijski kristalizator, pri čemu postrojenje nadalje sadrži dovodnu liniju (4) za dovođenje sirove smjese u ulaz podstupnja kristalizacijse sloja (3) stupnja pred-frakcionacije (2), prvi priključni vod (6) povezuje izlaz podstupnja kristalizacijse sloja (3) stupnja pred-frakcionacije (2) i ulaz prvog pod-stupnja kristalizacije suspenzije (14) prvog stupnja kristalizacije (12) i drugi priključni vod (7) povezuje drugi izlaz podstupnja kristalizacije sloja (3) stupnja pred- frakcionacije (2) i ulaz drugog podstupnja kristalizacije suspenzije (14') prvog stupnja kristalizacije (12).
13. Postrojenje (1) u skladu sa zahtjevom 12, naznačeno time da podstupanj kristalizacije sloja (3) stupnja pred-frakcionacije (2) sadrži najmanje jedan statički kristalizator, i naznačeno time da postrojenje (1) poželjno nadalje sadrži: iv) drugi stupanj kristalizacije (36) koji sadrži najmanje jedan podstupanj kristalizacije sloja (38, 38'), poželjno podstupanj statičke kristalizacije (38, 38'), i/ili v) treći stupanj kristalizacije (43) koji obuhvaća najmanje jedan podstupanj kristalizacije suspenzije (14", 14"').
14. Postrojenje (1) u skladu sa zahtjevom 13, naznačeno time da podstupanj kristalizacije sloja (3) stupnja pred-frakcionacije (2) sadrži najmanje jedan statički kristalizator, i naznačeno time da postrojenje nadalje sadrži: iv) drugi stupanj kristalizacije (36) koji sadrži najmanje jedan podstupanj kristalizacije sloja (38, 38'), poželjno podstupanj statičke kristalizacije (38, 38'), v) treći stupanj kristalizacije (43) koji obuhvaća najmanje jedan podstupanj kristalizacije suspenzije (14", 14") i vi) cirkulacijsku liniju (34) koja povezuje izlaz najmanje jednog podstupnja kristalizacije sloja (38) drugog stupnja kristalizacije (36) i ulaz drugog podstupnja kristalizacije suspenzije (14') prvog stupnja kristalizacije (12), pri čemu je cirkulacijska linija (34) prilagođena da vrati barem dio osme frakcije u drugi podstupanj kristalizacije suspenzije (14') prvog stupnja kristalizacije (12).
15. Postrojenje (1) u skladu sa zahtjevom 13 ili 14, naznačeno time da drugi stupanj kristalizacije (36) obuhvaća jedan do trideset, poželjno dva do deset i još poželjnije dva do pet podstupnjeva kristalizacije sloja (38, 38') i treći stupanj kristalizacije (43) obuhvaća jedan do trideset, poželjno dva do deset i još poželjnije dva do pet podstupnja kristalizacije suspenzije (14", 14"').
HRP20190901TT 2016-12-09 2019-05-15 Metoda i uređaj za pročišćavanje smjese koja sadrži ulje i vosak HRP20190901T1 (hr)

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