HRP20150490T1 - Postupak i uređaj za dobivanje energije iz biomase - Google Patents

Postupak i uređaj za dobivanje energije iz biomase Download PDF

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HRP20150490T1
HRP20150490T1 HRP20150490TT HRP20150490T HRP20150490T1 HR P20150490 T1 HRP20150490 T1 HR P20150490T1 HR P20150490T T HRP20150490T T HR P20150490TT HR P20150490 T HRP20150490 T HR P20150490T HR P20150490 T1 HRP20150490 T1 HR P20150490T1
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process gas
gasification
pyrolytic
gas
biomass
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HRP20150490TT
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Heinz Erich Czwaluk
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New Power Pack GmbH
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    • C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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Claims (17)

1. Uređaj za dobivanje energije iz biomase sa pirolitičkim uređajem (3) radi dobivanja procesnog plina iz biomase, sa blok-centralom za grijanje (11) radi dobivanja toplinske i/ili električne energije iz najmanje jednog dijela procesnog plina, naznačen jednim separatorskim uređajem (9) podešenim da izvuče sav metan iz procesnog plina, pri čemu je glavni uređaj podešen da uvede plin koji preostane poslije izvlačenja metana iz procesnog plina u blok-centralu za grijanje (11) u svrhu dobivanja energije.
2. Uređaj iz Zahtjeva 1, naznačen sredstvom za skladištenje izvučenog metana, i/ili uređajem za opskrbu izvučenog metana u metansku opskrbnu mrežu.
3. Uređaj iz Zahtjeva 1 ili 2, naznačen time da pirolitički uređaj (3) sadrži reaktor (4) unutar koga se predviđa jedan ili više transmisionih elemenata, konkretno transmisioni elementi u obliku zavojnice (37), radi povlačenja unesene biomase, a također jedan ili više transmisionih elemenata, konkretno transmisioni elementi u obliku zavojnice (37), radi izbacivanja pirolitičkih ostataka, konkretno čestica ugljika iz reaktora (4).
4. Uređaj prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva, naznačen time da pirolitički uređaj (3) bude podešen za sprovođenje jedne alotermne gasifikacije biomase i u tu svrhu sadrži sredstva radi, poželjno posrednog, odvođenja topline u reaktor (4).
5. Uređaj prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva, naznačen filterom (5) za izdvajanje ostataka pirolize, tj. gasifikacije, naročito čestica ugljika, iz procesnog plina nastalog iz pirolitičkog, tj. gasifikacionog, uređaja (3) predviđenog u smjeru niz tok pirolitičkog, tj. gasifikacionog, uređaja (3).
6. Uređaj prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva, naznačen uređajem za pranje plina (7) radi izdvajanja kondenzata procesnog plina, iz procesnog plina.
7. Uređaj prema Zahtjevu 6, naznačen time da je između filtera (5) i uređaja za pranje gasa (7) izmjenjivač topline radi rashlađivanja procesnog plina oslobođenog radom pirolitičkog, tj. gasifikacionog, uređaja (3) i usmjerenog ka filteru (5).
8. Uređaj prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva, naznačen uređajem za prikupljanje podešenim da ostatke pirolize, naročito čestice ugljika, koji su odbačeni iz reaktora (4) pirolitičkog, odnosno gasifikacionog uređaja (3), i/ili sakupljeni u filteru, sakupi i pripremi za odbacivanje.
9. Uređaj prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva, naznačen time da uređaj, poželjno separatorski uređaj (9), u svrhu separacije metana iz procesnog plina, sadrži jednu ili više adsorpcionih filterskih jedinica (51) na koje selektivno može biti primijenjen povišeni ili smanjeni tlak, pri čemu se adsorpciona filterska jedinica (51), ili adsorpcione filterske jedinice (51), podešavaju da pri primjeni povišenog tlaka adsorbiraju komponente procesnog plina male molekularne mase, koji se dovodi do separatorskog uređaja (9), i time da separatorski uređaj (9) posjeduje sredstvo za odvođenje neadsorbiranog dijela procesnog plina.
10. Uređaj prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva, naznačen sredstvom za metanizaciju preostalog gasa i/ili procesnog plina pomoću katalizatora.
11. Postupak za dobijanje energije iz biomase koji obuhvaća slijedeće korake: - ekstrakcija nekog procesnog plina iz biomase posredstvom pirolitičkog ili gasifikacionog, uređaja (3); - ekstrakcija toplinske energije i električne energije iz najmanje jednog dijela procesnog plina posredstvom blok-centrale za grijanje (11), naznačene slijedećim koracima: - potpuno izvlačenje metana iz procesnog plina posredstvom jednog separatorskog uređaja (9) i - dovođenje plina, preostalog poslije potpunog izvlačenja metana iz procesnog plina, na blok-centralu za grijanje (11), u svrhu dobivanja energije.
12. Postupak prema Zahtjevu 11 koji obuhvaća jedan, više, ili sve slijedeće korake: - povećavanje gustoće biomase, - prijenos biomase u, i kroz reaktor (4) pirolitičkog uređaja (3), - primjena smanjenog tlaka na reaktor (4), - dovođenje vode ili vodene pare u reaktor (4), - dovođenje topline, poželjno posredno, za alotermnu gasifikaciju biomase, i - odvođenje ostataka, naročito čestica ugljika, pirolize ili gasifikacije, iz reaktora (4).
13. Postupak prema bilo kojem od Zahtjeva 11 i 12, koji obuhvaća: - izdvajanje ostataka pirolize ili gasifikacije, naročito čestica ugljika, iz procesnog plina nastalog radom pirolitičkog ili gasifikacionog uređaja, i/ili - sakupljanje gasnih ostataka pirolize ili gasifikacije, upotrebom katalizatora, separiranim pomoću filter elementa ili filter elemenata.
14. Postupak prema bilo kojem od Zahtjeva 11 do 13 koji obuhvaća jedan, više, ili sve slijedeće korake: - izdvajanje kondenzata procesnog plina iz procesnog plina, - rashlađivanje procesnog plina oslobođenog radom pirolitičkog ili gasifikacionog uređaja (3) u smjeru filtera (5), - odvođenje toplinske energije i priprema za skladištenje ili upotrebu, - ispiranje procesnog plina, poželjno biljnim uljem, i - vraćanje izvučenog kondenzata procesnog plina u pirolitički uređaj (3).
15. Postupak prema bilo kojem od Zahtjeva 11 do 14 koji obuhvaća jedan, više, ili sve slijedeće korake: - prikupljanje ostataka pirolize, ili gasifikacije, naročito čestica ugljika, izbačenih iz reaktora (4) pirolitičkog ili gasifikacionog uređaja (3), - prikupljanje ostataka pirolize ili gasifikacije, naročito čestica ugljika, sakupljenih u filteru (5), - priprema za odvođenje ostataka pirolize ili gasifikacije, - zbijanje sakupljenih ostataka pirolize ili gasifikacije.
16. Postupak prema bilo kojem od Zahtjeva 11 do 15 koji obuhvaća jedan, više, ili sve slijedeće korake: - selektivna primjena povišenog tlaka na jednu ili više adsorpcionih filterskih jedinica (51) separatorskog uređaja (9) pri čemu se oslobađaju prethodno adsorbirane komponente procesnog plina, male molekularne mase, dovedenog na separatorski uređaj, - selektivna primjena smanjenog pritiska na jednu ili više adsorpcionih filterskih jedinica (51) separatorskog uređaja (9) pri čemu se oslobađaju prethodno adsorbirane komponente procesnog plina male molekularne mase, dovedenog na separatorski uređaj, - odvođenje neadsorbiranog dijela procesnog plina iz separatorskog uređaja (9), i - odvođenje oslobođenih komponenata procesnog plina, koji je doveden na separatorski uređaj (9) kao preostali plin, male molekulske mase iz separatorskog uređaja (9) prema blok-centrali za grijanje (11).
17. Postupak prema bilo kojem od Zahtjeva 11 do 16 koji obuhvaća: - metanizaciju preostalog plina i/ili procesnog plina upotrebom katalizatora.
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