HRP20040951A2 - Imidazolinylmethyl aralkylsulfonamides - Google Patents

Info

Publication number

HRP20040951A2

HRP20040951A2 HR20040951A HRP20040951A HRP20040951A2 HR P20040951 A2 HRP20040951 A2 HR P20040951A2 HR 20040951 A HR20040951 A HR 20040951A HR P20040951 A HRP20040951 A HR P20040951A HR P20040951 A2 HRP20040951 A2 HR P20040951A2

Authority

HR

Croatia

Prior art keywords

hydrogen

alkyl

methyl

compound according

ingredient

Prior art date

2002-04-23

Links

• Espacenet
• Global Dossier
• Discuss

• -1 Imidazolinylmethyl Chemical group 0.000 title claims description 43
• 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 60
• 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
• 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
• 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 105
• 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 105
• 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 89
• 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 86
• UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 60
• 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 45
• 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 claims description 38
• 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 30
• 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 29
• 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
• 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 23
• 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims description 22
• 206010066218 Stress Urinary Incontinence Diseases 0.000 claims description 18
• 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
• 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 claims description 16
• PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
• 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
• 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 claims description 14
• 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 claims description 14
• 206010021639 Incontinence Diseases 0.000 claims description 13
• 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 claims description 13
• 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims description 13
• 150000004820 halides Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
• 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
• 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
• 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
• 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
• 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
• 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 11
• 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
• 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 10
• 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
• 125000004852 dihydrofuranyl group Chemical group O1C(CC=C1)* 0.000 claims description 9
• 208000022170 stress incontinence Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
• 206010046543 Urinary incontinence Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
• 206010028735 Nasal congestion Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
• 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
• 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
• 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
• 230000036506 anxiety Effects 0.000 claims description 6
• 125000001316 cycloalkyl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
• 201000001880 Sexual dysfunction Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
• 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
• 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
• 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 5
• QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
• 231100000872 sexual dysfunction Toxicity 0.000 claims description 5
• JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical group C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
• 208000032841 Bulimia Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
• 206010006550 Bulimia nervosa Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
• 206010012289 Dementia Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
• 208000022531 anorexia Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
• 208000015114 central nervous system disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
• 206010061428 decreased appetite Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
• 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
• 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
• 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
• CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
• 208000024827 Alzheimer disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
• 208000030814 Eating disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
• 208000019454 Feeding and Eating disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
• 208000008589 Obesity Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
• 206010039966 Senile dementia Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
• 230000019771 cognition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
• 235000014632 disordered eating Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
• 235000020824 obesity Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
• 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
• 201000009890 sinusitis Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
• VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
• 208000005141 Otitis Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
• 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 claims description 2
• 208000019258 ear infection Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
• 230000000741 diarrhetic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
• 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
• XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 57
• OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 57
• YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 55
• 239000000203 mixture Chemical group 0.000 description 43
• 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 37
• 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 37
• HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 36
• VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
• 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 28
• 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 27
• 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 26
• 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 25
• 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 25
• 102000030619 alpha-1 Adrenergic Receptor Human genes 0.000 description 22
• 108020004102 alpha-1 Adrenergic Receptor Proteins 0.000 description 22
• XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
• 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 20
• LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
• 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 19
• 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 19
• IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 18
• 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 18
• 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 18
• VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
• VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
• HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
• WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
• WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
• YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
• IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical group N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
• 108060003345 Adrenergic Receptor Proteins 0.000 description 14
• 102000017910 Adrenergic receptor Human genes 0.000 description 14
• 239000000556 agonist Substances 0.000 description 14
• 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 14
• QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical group CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
• IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
• 238000003818 flash chromatography Methods 0.000 description 13
• 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 13
• 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 13
• 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
• 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 13
• 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 12
• FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 11
• 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 11
• 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 11
• 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
• SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-QMMMGPOBSA-N (-)-norepinephrine Chemical compound NC[C@H](O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 10
• 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 10
• 229910052757 nitrogen Chemical group 0.000 description 10
• 229960002748 norepinephrine Drugs 0.000 description 10
• SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N norepinephrine Natural products NCC(O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
• 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 10
• LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N teixobactin Chemical compound C([C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H]1C(N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C[C@@H]2NC(=N)NC2)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O[C@H]1C)[C@@H](C)CC)=O)NC)C1=CC=CC=C1 LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N 0.000 description 10
• CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
• RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
• 206010020853 Hypertonic bladder Diseases 0.000 description 9
• 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 9
• BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 9
• 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 9
• 210000001635 urinary tract Anatomy 0.000 description 9
• 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 9
• XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
• ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
• PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
• WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
• 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
• 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 8
• 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 8
• QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
• 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 8
• 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
• 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 8
• CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
• 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 8
• KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
• DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
• 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 7
• 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 7
• 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 7
• 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
• 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 7
• UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
• CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
• QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon disulfide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
• 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 6
• 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 6
• 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 6
• NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
• DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
• HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
• ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
• 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
• 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 6
• 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 6
• ILAHWRKJUDSMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron tribromide Chemical compound BrB(Br)Br ILAHWRKJUDSMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
• 210000003169 central nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 6
• KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
• 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
• 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
• 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 6
• 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
• 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 6
• 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 6
• 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
• 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 5
• 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 5
• 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
• 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
• 208000026935 allergic disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
• 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
• QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
• WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
• 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
• 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 5
• 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 5
• 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 description 5
• 230000009610 hypersensitivity Effects 0.000 description 5
• 239000007937 lozenge Substances 0.000 description 5
• MQQGPCLIHUMQMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazol-2-ylmethyl)-1-benzofuran-7-yl]methanesulfonamide Chemical compound C1=2C=COC=2C(NS(=O)(=O)C)=CC=C1CC1=NCCN1 MQQGPCLIHUMQMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
• 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 5
• 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 5
• 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 5
• 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 5
• 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
• 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 5
• 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 5
• 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 5
• 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 5
• VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 4
• 206010004446 Benign prostatic hyperplasia Diseases 0.000 description 4
• 241001164374 Calyx Species 0.000 description 4
• XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• 208000004403 Prostatic Hyperplasia Diseases 0.000 description 4
• JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• 208000000921 Urge Urinary Incontinence Diseases 0.000 description 4
• 208000026723 Urinary tract disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
• 150000007960 acetonitrile Chemical class 0.000 description 4
• UCTWMZQNUQWSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N adrenaline Chemical compound CNCC(O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 UCTWMZQNUQWSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
• 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
• 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 4
• 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 4
• 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 4
• 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
• 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 4
• 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
• ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N cocaine Chemical compound O([C@H]1C[C@@H]2CC[C@@H](N2C)[C@H]1C(=O)OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N 0.000 description 4
• 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 4
• 125000004663 dialkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
• 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
• 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
• 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
• 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
• 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
• 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
• 150000003840 hydrochlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
• 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
• 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 4
• 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
• 239000007922 nasal spray Substances 0.000 description 4
• 229940097496 nasal spray Drugs 0.000 description 4
• 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
• 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 4
• 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
• 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
• 210000005070 sphincter Anatomy 0.000 description 4
• 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
• 125000006296 sulfonyl amino group Chemical group [H]N(*)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 4
• 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 4
• YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• 125000004001 thioalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
• 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 4
• 210000003708 urethra Anatomy 0.000 description 4
• 206010046494 urge incontinence Diseases 0.000 description 4
• 230000002485 urinary effect Effects 0.000 description 4
• PTKSEFOSCHHMPD-SNVBAGLBSA-N 2-amino-n-[(2s)-2-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-hydroxyethyl]acetamide Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(OC)C([C@H](O)CNC(=O)CN)=C1 PTKSEFOSCHHMPD-SNVBAGLBSA-N 0.000 description 3
• 241000220479 Acacia Species 0.000 description 3
• OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 3
• QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfide Chemical compound CSC QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 3
• 206010021518 Impaired gastric emptying Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 235000010643 Leucaena leucocephala Nutrition 0.000 description 3
• WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
• GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• 208000009722 Overactive Urinary Bladder Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 208000002193 Pain Diseases 0.000 description 3
• KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
• 206010037211 Psychomotor hyperactivity Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 208000021386 Sjogren Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
• DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
• 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
• 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 3
• 239000000048 adrenergic agonist Substances 0.000 description 3
• 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
• 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 3
• 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
• 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
• 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
• JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenecarbonitrile Natural products N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
• SIPUZPBQZHNSDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-methylpropyl)aluminum Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al]CC(C)C SIPUZPBQZHNSDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 3
• 125000004744 butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
• 125000002837 carbocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
• 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
• 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
• 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
• 150000003943 catecholamines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
• 208000010877 cognitive disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 3
• 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 3
• 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 3
• 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 3
• 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 3
• 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
• 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 3
• 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 3
• 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 3
• 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 3
• 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
• 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 3
• 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
• 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 3
• 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 3
• 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 239000002198 insoluble material Substances 0.000 description 3
• PGHMRUGBZOYCAA-ADZNBVRBSA-N ionomycin Chemical compound O1[C@H](C[C@H](O)[C@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@H](C)/C=C/C[C@@H](C)C[C@@H](C)C(/O)=C/C(=O)[C@@H](C)C[C@@H](C)C[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C)CC[C@@]1(C)[C@@H]1O[C@](C)([C@@H](C)O)CC1 PGHMRUGBZOYCAA-ADZNBVRBSA-N 0.000 description 3
• PGHMRUGBZOYCAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ionomycin Natural products O1C(CC(O)C(C)C(O)C(C)C=CCC(C)CC(C)C(O)=CC(=O)C(C)CC(C)CC(CCC(O)=O)C)CCC1(C)C1OC(C)(C(C)O)CC1 PGHMRUGBZOYCAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
• 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
• 229960001094 midodrine Drugs 0.000 description 3
• 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
• 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
• DIICMRDDJYIAKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(cyanomethyl)-1-benzofuran-7-yl]methanesulfonamide Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(CC#N)C2=C1OC=C2 DIICMRDDJYIAKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• 210000002569 neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 3
• 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
• 208000020629 overactive bladder Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 208000024449 overflow incontinence Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
• SUSQOBVLVYHIEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylacetonitrile Chemical compound N#CCC1=CC=CC=C1 SUSQOBVLVYHIEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• 239000013641 positive control Substances 0.000 description 3
• 239000000018 receptor agonist Substances 0.000 description 3
• 229940044601 receptor agonist Drugs 0.000 description 3
• 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
• 210000002460 smooth muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 3
• 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
• 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
• 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
• 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
• 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
• 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
• 230000002889 sympathetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
• 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
• 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 3
• 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
• CFOAUYCPAUGDFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tosmic Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)C[N+]#[C-])C=C1 CFOAUYCPAUGDFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• TXUICONDJPYNPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1,10,13-trimethyl-3-oxo-4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl) heptanoate Chemical compound C1CC2CC(=O)C=C(C)C2(C)C2C1C1CCC(OC(=O)CCCCCC)C1(C)CC2 TXUICONDJPYNPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• UCTWMZQNUQWSLP-VIFPVBQESA-N (R)-adrenaline Chemical compound CNC[C@H](O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 UCTWMZQNUQWSLP-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 2
• 229930182837 (R)-adrenaline Natural products 0.000 description 2
• AXTGDCSMTYGJND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecylazepan-2-one Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN1CCCCCC1=O AXTGDCSMTYGJND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 description 2
• BWZVCCNYKMEVEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-Trimethylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=NC(C)=C1 BWZVCCNYKMEVEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• QMJWPWCKRKHUNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylsulfanylacetonitrile Chemical compound N#CCSC1=CC=CC=C1 QMJWPWCKRKHUNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 241000416162 Astragalus gummifer Species 0.000 description 2
• 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
• 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 2
• OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
• HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 206010010904 Convulsion Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 description 2
• RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 108091006027 G proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
• 102000030782 GTP binding Human genes 0.000 description 2
• 108091000058 GTP-Binding Proteins 0.000 description 2
• WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
• PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 2
• CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
• 206010027566 Micturition urgency Diseases 0.000 description 2
• SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• JWIPGAFCGUDKEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L O[Cr](Cl)(=O)=O.C1=CC=NC=C1 Chemical compound O[Cr](Cl)(=O)=O.C1=CC=NC=C1 JWIPGAFCGUDKEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
• 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
• ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical group [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 206010036968 Prostatic pain Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
• CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 2
• NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 229910021626 Tin(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
• 229920001615 Tragacanth Polymers 0.000 description 2
• 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 description 2
• HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• AMJRSUWJSRKGNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetyloxymethyl 2-[n-[2-(acetyloxymethoxy)-2-oxoethyl]-2-[2-[2-[bis[2-(acetyloxymethoxy)-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-(2,7-dichloro-3-hydroxy-6-oxoxanthen-9-yl)phenoxy]ethoxy]-4-methylanilino]acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCOC(=O)CN(CC(=O)OCOC(C)=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1OCCOC1=CC(C2=C3C=C(Cl)C(=O)C=C3OC3=CC(O)=C(Cl)C=C32)=CC=C1N(CC(=O)OCOC(C)=O)CC(=O)OCOC(C)=O AMJRSUWJSRKGNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
• 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 2
• 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
• 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
• 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
• 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
• 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
• 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
• 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
• 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
• 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
• 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
• 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
• 125000000837 carbohydrate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
• 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
• 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 2
• 210000000748 cardiovascular system Anatomy 0.000 description 2
• 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
• 229960003920 cocaine Drugs 0.000 description 2
• 229940110456 cocoa butter Drugs 0.000 description 2
• 235000019868 cocoa butter Nutrition 0.000 description 2
• 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
• 201000003146 cystitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
• KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N d-ephedrine Natural products CNC(C)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
• 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
• 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 description 2
• 230000035487 diastolic blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 2
• 229960001760 dimethyl sulfoxide Drugs 0.000 description 2
• XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
• DLNKOYKMWOXYQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dl-pseudophenylpropanolamine Natural products CC(N)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 DLNKOYKMWOXYQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 238000012377 drug delivery Methods 0.000 description 2
• 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 2
• 229960005139 epinephrine Drugs 0.000 description 2
• 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
• 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 2
• 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 description 2
• 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
• 208000001288 gastroparesis Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
• 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
• 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
• 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
• 210000002216 heart Anatomy 0.000 description 2
• 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
• 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
• IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
• CGIGDMFJXJATDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indomethacin Chemical compound CC1=C(CC(O)=O)C2=CC(OC)=CC=C2N1C(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 CGIGDMFJXJATDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
• 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 2
• 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
• 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
• 230000030214 innervation Effects 0.000 description 2
• 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
• 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 238000007915 intraurethral administration Methods 0.000 description 2
• 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 2
• 208000002551 irritable bowel syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
• SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N isethionic acid Chemical compound OCCS(O)(=O)=O SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 150000002527 isonitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
• JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 2
• 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 description 2
• 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
• 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 2
• 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 2
• 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 description 2
• HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
• VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
• 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
• 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
• 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
• 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
• OQYHLSZZZVONMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-hydroxy-7-nitro-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-4-carboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C2=C1CC(O)O2 OQYHLSZZZVONMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• JCRWXSMKXVKUCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 3-hydroxy-4-nitro-2-prop-2-enylbenzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(O)=C1CC=C JCRWXSMKXVKUCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• BXLHXFYUDIEWBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 4-nitro-3-prop-2-enoxybenzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(OCC=C)=C1 BXLHXFYUDIEWBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• LPSCNUPKHVTVOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 7-(methanesulfonamido)-1-benzofuran-4-carboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(NS(C)(=O)=O)C2=C1C=CO2 LPSCNUPKHVTVOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• AXLFATUIQRTAEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 7-amino-1-benzofuran-4-carboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C2=C1C=CO2 AXLFATUIQRTAEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• GEFDZGBQDIDSNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 7-nitro-1-benzofuran-4-carboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C2=C1C=CO2 GEFDZGBQDIDSNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
• 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
• 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
• 230000027939 micturition Effects 0.000 description 2
• TXXHDPDFNKHHGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N muconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=CC=CC(O)=O TXXHDPDFNKHHGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 2
• JFLIRMJVRUSUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(4-formyl-1-benzofuran-7-yl)methanesulfonamide Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=O)C2=C1OC=C2 JFLIRMJVRUSUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• LBLFXEJOGRBVHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(hydroxymethyl)-1-benzofuran-7-yl]methanesulfonamide Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(CO)C2=C1OC=C2 LBLFXEJOGRBVHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 210000003928 nasal cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 2
• 125000002560 nitrile group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
• 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
• 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 2
• 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 2
• 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
• 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
• 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
• 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
• 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• WYWIFABBXFUGLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxymetazoline Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C)=C1CC1=NCCN1 WYWIFABBXFUGLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
• 231100000915 pathological change Toxicity 0.000 description 2
• 230000036285 pathological change Effects 0.000 description 2
• FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-3-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)CC FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• DLNKOYKMWOXYQA-APPZFPTMSA-N phenylpropanolamine Chemical compound C[C@@H](N)[C@H](O)C1=CC=CC=C1 DLNKOYKMWOXYQA-APPZFPTMSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 229960000395 phenylpropanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 2
• 238000000554 physical therapy Methods 0.000 description 2
• 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 2
• 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
• 229920006316 polyvinylpyrrolidine Polymers 0.000 description 2
• 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
• LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
• AQHHHDLHHXJYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N propranolol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(OCC(O)CNC(C)C)=CC=CC2=C1 AQHHHDLHHXJYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 201000007094 prostatitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
• KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-WCBMZHEXSA-N pseudoephedrine Chemical compound CN[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-WCBMZHEXSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 229960003908 pseudoephedrine Drugs 0.000 description 2
• UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
• 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
• 208000012672 seasonal affective disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 206010041232 sneezing Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 210000000278 spinal cord Anatomy 0.000 description 2
• 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
• 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
• 239000001119 stannous chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
• 235000011150 stannous chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
• 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
• 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
• 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 2
• 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 2
• 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 2
• 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 2
• 210000002820 sympathetic nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 2
• 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
• 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
• 125000001412 tetrahydropyranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
• JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 235000010487 tragacanth Nutrition 0.000 description 2
• 239000000196 tragacanth Substances 0.000 description 2
• 229940116362 tragacanth Drugs 0.000 description 2
• VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 230000008733 trauma Effects 0.000 description 2
• 208000000143 urethritis Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 208000014001 urinary system disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 239000008215 water for injection Substances 0.000 description 2
• 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
• 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
• SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 1
• QBYIENPQHBMVBV-HFEGYEGKSA-N (2R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H](C(O)=O)c1ccccc1.O[C@@H](C(O)=O)c1ccccc1 QBYIENPQHBMVBV-HFEGYEGKSA-N 0.000 description 1
• MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N (S)-camphorsulfonic acid Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(CS(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N 0.000 description 1
• BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
• PVHUJELLJLJGLN-INIZCTEOSA-N (S)-nitrendipine Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=C(C)NC(C)=C(C(=O)OC)[C@@H]1C1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 PVHUJELLJLJGLN-INIZCTEOSA-N 0.000 description 1
• FOTRKCAZUSJCQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (methylsulfonyl)acetonitrile Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)CC#N FOTRKCAZUSJCQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluorocyclohexane Chemical compound FC1(F)CCCCC1 ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• DDMOUSALMHHKOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)C(F)(F)Cl DDMOUSALMHHKOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• LGNMURXRPLMVJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxy-4-methyl-2-nitrobenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O LGNMURXRPLMVJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• ABEXEQSGABRUHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecyl 16-methylheptadecanoate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C)C ABEXEQSGABRUHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• QNIFTONPMPJHJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-methoxy-2-methyl-4-nitrophenyl)acetonitrile Chemical compound COC1=C(C)C(CC#N)=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O QNIFTONPMPJHJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• KQFNYHSZZBJJFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-amino-3-methoxy-2-methylphenyl)acetonitrile Chemical compound COC1=C(N)C=CC(CC#N)=C1C KQFNYHSZZBJJFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• ZCFAFYVXMIZYTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(5-methoxy-2-methyl-4-nitrophenyl)acetonitrile Chemical compound COC1=CC(CC#N)=C(C)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O ZCFAFYVXMIZYTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• ZFCFFNGBCVAUDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(benzenesulfonyl)acetonitrile Chemical compound N#CCS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZFCFFNGBCVAUDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OCC[NH+]1CCN(CCS([O-])(=O)=O)CC1 JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• UPHOPMSGKZNELG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=C(O)C=CC2=C1 UPHOPMSGKZNELG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• VLLSCJFPVSQXDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenoxyacetonitrile Chemical compound N#CCOC1=CC=CC=C1 VLLSCJFPVSQXDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
• RIERSGULWXEJKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CC1=C(O)C=CC=C1C(O)=O RIERSGULWXEJKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• WNPNNLQNNJQYFA-YIDNRZKSSA-N 4-[(1r)-2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl]benzene-1,2-diol;(2r,3r)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O.NC[C@H](O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 WNPNNLQNNJQYFA-YIDNRZKSSA-N 0.000 description 1
• QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
• 229940082496 Adrenoreceptor antagonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 102100024349 Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor Human genes 0.000 description 1
• 101710144806 Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
• 102100024402 Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor Human genes 0.000 description 1
• 101710135030 Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
• 206010002758 Anticipatory anxiety Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 206010003497 Asphyxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 206010003658 Atrial Fibrillation Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 206010003662 Atrial flutter Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000006096 Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000036864 Attention deficit/hyperactivity disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 206010003805 Autism Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000020706 Autistic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 229910015845 BBr3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 206010049765 Bradyarrhythmia Diseases 0.000 description 1
• QYJCQOWTYQBRLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N CN(C(=S)C(C#N)C(N)=S)C Chemical compound CN(C(=S)C(C#N)C(N)=S)C QYJCQOWTYQBRLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229940127291 Calcium channel antagonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 1
• 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 1
• 206010007270 Carcinoid syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 241000700198 Cavia Species 0.000 description 1
• RENMDAKOXSCIGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroacetonitrile Chemical compound ClCC#N RENMDAKOXSCIGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 206010008631 Cholera Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000000094 Chronic Pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000028698 Cognitive impairment Diseases 0.000 description 1
• OMFXVFTZEKFJBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Corticosterone Natural products O=C1CCC2(C)C3C(O)CC(C)(C(CC4)C(=O)CO)C4C3CCC2=C1 OMFXVFTZEKFJBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 241000699802 Cricetulus griseus Species 0.000 description 1
• 208000011231 Crohn disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 208000020401 Depressive disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 235000017274 Diospyros sandwicensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 239000004097 EU approved flavor enhancer Substances 0.000 description 1
• 208000021473 Ejaculation disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• LVGKNOAMLMIIKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Elaidinsaeure-aethylester Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC LVGKNOAMLMIIKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
• 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
• 241000283086 Equidae Species 0.000 description 1
• 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
• OZLGRUXZXMRXGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluo-3 Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O)C(OCCOC=2C(=CC=C(C=2)C2=C3C=C(Cl)C(=O)C=C3OC3=CC(O)=C(Cl)C=C32)N(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O)=C1 OZLGRUXZXMRXGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 239000007995 HEPES buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000012981 Hank's balanced salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
• 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 1
• 206010020880 Hypertrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
• DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
• 208000022559 Inflammatory bowel disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 206010065390 Inflammatory pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 201000005081 Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 206010022998 Irritability Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 241000764238 Isis Species 0.000 description 1
• 239000007836 KH2PO4 Substances 0.000 description 1
• WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
• 241000282838 Lama Species 0.000 description 1
• FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 206010026749 Mania Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 239000012359 Methanesulfonyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229920000168 Microcrystalline cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 208000019695 Migraine disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 206010053236 Mixed incontinence Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
• TXXHDPDFNKHHGW-CCAGOZQPSA-N Muconic acid Natural products OC(=O)\C=C/C=C\C(O)=O TXXHDPDFNKHHGW-CCAGOZQPSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 241001529936 Murinae Species 0.000 description 1
• 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 1
• 208000008238 Muscle Spasticity Diseases 0.000 description 1
• GYSZUJHYXCZAKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-ylmethyl)-2-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(OC)=C1OCCNCC1OC2=CC=CC=C2OC1 GYSZUJHYXCZAKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 125000003047 N-acetyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• MBBZMMPHUWSWHV-BDVNFPICSA-N N-methylglucamine Chemical compound CNC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO MBBZMMPHUWSWHV-BDVNFPICSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000012902 Nervous system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000000693 Neurogenic Urinary Bladder Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 206010029279 Neurogenic bladder Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 241000283977 Oryctolagus Species 0.000 description 1
• 206010033078 Otitis media Diseases 0.000 description 1
• CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 241000282579 Pan Species 0.000 description 1
• 206010033864 Paranoia Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000027099 Paranoid disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000018737 Parkinson disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
• QGMRQYFBGABWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Pentobarbital sodium Chemical compound [Na+].CCCC(C)C1(CC)C(=O)NC(=O)[N-]C1=O QGMRQYFBGABWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
• 208000008469 Peptic Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 206010036018 Pollakiuria Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000028017 Psychotic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N R-2-phenyl-2-hydroxyacetic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 206010057969 Reflux gastritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 241000283984 Rodentia Species 0.000 description 1
• 239000002262 Schiff base Substances 0.000 description 1
• 150000004753 Schiff bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 208000013738 Sleep Initiation and Maintenance disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 1
• 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
• 206010050822 Suprapubic pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 206010042600 Supraventricular arrhythmias Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 206010049447 Tachyarrhythmia Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000001871 Tachycardia Diseases 0.000 description 1
• DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 206010065584 Urethral stenosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
• WNPNNLQNNJQYFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydroxyethyl]azanium;2,3,4-trihydroxy-4-oxobutanoate Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O.NCC(O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 WNPNNLQNNJQYFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 150000008043 acidic salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 201000009840 acute diarrhea Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 208000005298 acute pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000000674 adrenergic antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
• 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
• 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 230000007815 allergy Effects 0.000 description 1
• BHELZAPQIKSEDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl bromide Chemical compound BrCC=C BHELZAPQIKSEDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
• ZHOWHMXTJFZXRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N amidefrine Chemical compound CNCC(O)C1=CC=CC(NS(C)(=O)=O)=C1 ZHOWHMXTJFZXRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229950002466 amidefrine Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 238000000540 analysis of variance Methods 0.000 description 1
• 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 1
• 239000005557 antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
• 210000000709 aorta Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 239000008365 aqueous carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000008135 aqueous vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
• 238000006172 aromatic nitration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
• 206010003119 arrhythmia Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 230000006793 arrhythmia Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000004872 arterial blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
• 235000021311 artificial sweeteners Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
• 206010003668 atrial tachycardia Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000015802 attention deficit-hyperactivity disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 238000006701 autoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
• SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 229940049706 benzodiazepine Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 125000003310 benzodiazepinyl group Chemical class N1N=C(C=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
• 125000004618 benzofuryl group Chemical group O1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
• 125000004196 benzothienyl group Chemical group S1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
• 150000003938 benzyl alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229920002988 biodegradable polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 239000004621 biodegradable polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000013060 biological fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
• 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
• 229960000074 biopharmaceutical Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 235000019658 bitter taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
• 208000006218 bradycardia Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 239000007975 buffered saline Substances 0.000 description 1
• KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
• 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
• FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L caesium carbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
• 229910000024 caesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 239000000480 calcium channel blocker Substances 0.000 description 1
• AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
• 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 150000004657 carbamic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 229960004424 carbon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 210000004413 cardiac myocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
• 210000003710 cerebral cortex Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
• KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(fluoro)methane Chemical compound F[C]Cl KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
• 208000019902 chronic diarrheal disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000004600 colonic motility Effects 0.000 description 1
• 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
• 208000027744 congestion Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 description 1
• 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000036461 convulsion Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
• OMFXVFTZEKFJBZ-HJTSIMOOSA-N corticosterone Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]3[C@@H](O)C[C@](C)([C@H](CC4)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 OMFXVFTZEKFJBZ-HJTSIMOOSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
• 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 125000000582 cycloheptyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
• 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
• 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 1
• 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 1
• 238000010511 deprotection reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
• 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• MHDVGSVTJDSBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzyl ether Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1COCC1=CC=CC=C1 MHDVGSVTJDSBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229940087091 dichlorotetrafluoroethane Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)OC VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
• 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
• 239000002934 diuretic Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229940030606 diuretics Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 208000007784 diverticulitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000002173 dizziness Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
• 231100000673 dose–response relationship Toxicity 0.000 description 1
• 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
• 230000004064 dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
• 201000006549 dyspepsia Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 230000002526 effect on cardiovascular system Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
• 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
• 239000002702 enteric coating Substances 0.000 description 1
• 238000009505 enteric coating Methods 0.000 description 1
• 239000003248 enzyme activator Substances 0.000 description 1
• 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 206010015037 epilepsy Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethanesulfonate Chemical compound CCS([O-])(=O)=O CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
• 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
• 125000004494 ethyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• LVGKNOAMLMIIKO-QXMHVHEDSA-N ethyl oleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC LVGKNOAMLMIIKO-QXMHVHEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229940093471 ethyl oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
• 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
• 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 210000001105 femoral artery Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 210000003191 femoral vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
• 238000009093 first-line therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
• 206010016766 flatulence Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
• 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
• 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 235000019264 food flavour enhancer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 150000004675 formic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
• 238000002825 functional assay Methods 0.000 description 1
• 208000021302 gastroesophageal reflux disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 230000004116 glycogenolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
• 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229940093915 gynecological organic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
• 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
• XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
• 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
• UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• HPMRFMKYPGXPEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N idazoxan Chemical compound N1CCN=C1C1OC2=CC=CC=C2OC1 HPMRFMKYPGXPEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229950001476 idazoxan Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 238000005417 image-selected in vivo spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
• 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
• MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CN1 MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 150000002462 imidazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000005414 inactive ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
• 208000035231 inattentive type attention deficit hyperactivity disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
• 125000003392 indanyl group Chemical group C1(CCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
• 125000003453 indazolyl group Chemical group N1N=C(C2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
• 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 229960000905 indomethacin Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 206010022437 insomnia Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 238000012739 integrated shape imaging system Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000001361 intraarterial administration Methods 0.000 description 1
• 238000007913 intrathecal administration Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000036724 intravesical pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
• 125000002346 iodo group Chemical group I* 0.000 description 1
• 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
• 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
• 125000000904 isoindolyl group Chemical group C=1(NC=C2C=CC=CC12)* 0.000 description 1
• 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
• 125000002183 isoquinolinyl group Chemical group C1(=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
• 125000005956 isoquinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 239000000644 isotonic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
• 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 238000002350 laparotomy Methods 0.000 description 1
• 238000010150 least significant difference test Methods 0.000 description 1
• 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
• 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
• 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
• 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
• 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
• 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 229960002510 mandelic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 210000004379 membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
• 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• HNQIVZYLYMDVSB-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanesulfonamide Chemical compound [14CH3]S(N)(=O)=O HNQIVZYLYMDVSB-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
• QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CS(Cl)(=O)=O QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229940087646 methanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
• SLIJWUXRONPDKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-(2-amino-3-chloro-4-methylsulfonylphenyl)acetate Chemical compound COC(=O)CC1=CC=C(S(C)(=O)=O)C(Cl)=C1N SLIJWUXRONPDKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• BMEGPQWWGNIMRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-(3-chloro-4-nitrophenyl)acetate Chemical compound COC(=O)CC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(Cl)=C1 BMEGPQWWGNIMRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• HTBBVKFFDDQVER-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-(3-chlorophenyl)acetate Chemical compound COC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 HTBBVKFFDDQVER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• UEGCRFNWTGYVKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 3-hydroxy-4-nitrobenzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(O)=C1 UEGCRFNWTGYVKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 239000008108 microcrystalline cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229940016286 microcrystalline cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 235000019813 microcrystalline cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 206010027599 migraine Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
• 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000003068 molecular probe Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 125000002757 morpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 230000004899 motility Effects 0.000 description 1
• 239000002324 mouth wash Substances 0.000 description 1
• 210000004400 mucous membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 239000000472 muscarinic agonist Substances 0.000 description 1
• LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-hydroxy-2-propan-2-ylsulfonylethanimidamide Chemical compound CC(C)S(=O)(=O)CC(N)=NO LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• XUBNCVQWPIPZCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazol-2-ylmethyl)-3-hydroxyphenyl]methanesulfonamide Chemical compound OC1=CC(NS(=O)(=O)C)=CC=C1CC1=NCCN1 XUBNCVQWPIPZCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
• KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C21 KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 125000004593 naphthyridinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CN=C12)* 0.000 description 1
• 210000002850 nasal mucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 235000021096 natural sweeteners Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 238000011328 necessary treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
• 208000004296 neuralgia Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 230000000926 neurological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 208000021722 neuropathic pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 1
• SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
• 229960005425 nitrendipine Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
• 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000002474 noradrenergic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 229960001695 norepinephrine bitartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
• 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229940127240 opiate Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 150000002895 organic esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
• 238000006053 organic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
• 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 description 1
• 210000001672 ovary Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
• 229960001528 oxymetazoline Drugs 0.000 description 1
• FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 238000007911 parenteral administration Methods 0.000 description 1
• 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 1
• 230000009543 pathological alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
• 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 239000003961 penetration enhancing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229960001412 pentobarbital Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
• 208000000689 peptic esophagitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000011906 peptic ulcer disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000008855 peristalsis Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000002831 pharmacologic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
• 238000011458 pharmacological treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
• ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• MRBDMNSDAVCSSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N phentolamine Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1N(C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1)CC1=NCCN1 MRBDMNSDAVCSSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229960001999 phentolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 229960001802 phenylephrine Drugs 0.000 description 1
• SONNWYBIRXJNDC-VIFPVBQESA-N phenylephrine Chemical compound CNC[C@H](O)C1=CC=CC(O)=C1 SONNWYBIRXJNDC-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 1
• YXJYBPXSEKMEEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;sulfuric acid Chemical class OP(O)(O)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O YXJYBPXSEKMEEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 230000037081 physical activity Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000008375 physiological alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000004962 physiological condition Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000007084 physiological dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000001766 physiological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 125000004193 piperazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 125000003386 piperidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• IUGYQRQAERSCNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pivalic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(O)=O IUGYQRQAERSCNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 239000004854 plant resin Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000003495 polar organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
• GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
• WSHYKIAQCMIPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;2-oxo-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)chromen-4-olate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C=1C2=CC=CC=C2OC(=O)C=1C(CC(=O)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 WSHYKIAQCMIPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
• IENZQIKPVFGBNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N prazosin Chemical compound N=1C(N)=C2C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC2=NC=1N(CC1)CCN1C(=O)C1=CC=CO1 IENZQIKPVFGBNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229960001289 prazosin Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
• 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 210000000063 presynaptic terminal Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
• 201000011264 priapism Diseases 0.000 description 1
• DBABZHXKTCFAPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N probenecid Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 DBABZHXKTCFAPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229960003081 probenecid Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
• 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
• 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
• 230000000069 prophylactic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 229960003712 propranolol Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
• 229940127293 prostanoid Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 150000003814 prostanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 210000002307 prostate Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 210000003689 pubic bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
• 125000004309 pyranyl group Chemical group O1C(C=CC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
• 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 125000000719 pyrrolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 125000002943 quinolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
• 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 125000004621 quinuclidinyl group Chemical group N12C(CC(CC1)CC2)* 0.000 description 1
• 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
• 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000004346 regulation of heart rate Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
• 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000004007 reversed phase HPLC Methods 0.000 description 1
• 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
• 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
• 201000000980 schizophrenia Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
• 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
• 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 210000000329 smooth muscle myocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 235000011182 sodium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 239000001593 sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000011069 sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 229940035049 sorbitan monooleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 208000018198 spasticity Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000012453 sprague-dawley rat model Methods 0.000 description 1
• 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
• 239000008174 sterile solution Substances 0.000 description 1
• 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 239000012258 stirred mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
• 201000009032 substance abuse Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 231100000736 substance abuse Toxicity 0.000 description 1
• 208000011117 substance-related disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
• 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 125000000565 sulfonamide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 125000005420 sulfonamido group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)(N*)* 0.000 description 1
• 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
• 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
• 238000005694 sulfonylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
• 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
• YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl dichloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)(=O)=O YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 1
• 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
• 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 230000028016 temperature homeostasis Effects 0.000 description 1
• RUPAXCPQAAOIPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl formate Chemical group CC(C)(C)OC=O RUPAXCPQAAOIPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
• 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
• 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
• 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 125000005297 thienyloxy group Chemical group S1C(=CC=C1)O* 0.000 description 1
• 125000004568 thiomorpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• GZNAASVAJNXPPW-UHFFFAOYSA-M tin(4+) chloride dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Cl-].[Sn+4] GZNAASVAJNXPPW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
• FWPIDFUJEMBDLS-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(II) chloride dihydrate Substances O.O.Cl[Sn]Cl FWPIDFUJEMBDLS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
• 238000011200 topical administration Methods 0.000 description 1
• 238000002627 tracheal intubation Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000037317 transdermal delivery Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
• 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 102000027257 transmembrane receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
• 108091008578 transmembrane receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
• 125000004665 trialkylsilyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 229940029284 trichlorofluoromethane Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 125000004044 trifluoroacetyl group Chemical group FC(C(=O)*)(F)F 0.000 description 1
• LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 125000002221 trityl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C([*])(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1[H])[H])[H])[H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
• 229960000281 trometamol Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 210000000626 ureter Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 201000001988 urethral stricture Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000022934 urinary frequency Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 230000036318 urination frequency Effects 0.000 description 1
• 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000011345 viscous material Substances 0.000 description 1
• 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1