HRP20020758A2 - Stepwise alkylation of 5-substituted 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydroisobenzofurans - Google Patents
Stepwise alkylation of 5-substituted 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydroisobenzofurans Download PDFInfo
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- HRP20020758A2 HRP20020758A2 HRP20020758A HRP20020758A2 HR P20020758 A2 HRP20020758 A2 HR P20020758A2 HR P20020758 A HRP20020758 A HR P20020758A HR P20020758 A2 HRP20020758 A2 HR P20020758A2
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- alkyl
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- -1 5-substituted 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydroisobenzofurans Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 10
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 title claims 2
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- WSEQXVZVJXJVFP-HXUWFJFHSA-N (R)-citalopram Chemical compound C1([C@@]2(C3=CC=C(C=C3CO2)C#N)CCCN(C)C)=CC=C(F)C=C1 WSEQXVZVJXJVFP-HXUWFJFHSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 229960001653 citalopram Drugs 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 7
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003003 spiro group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003504 2-oxazolinyl group Chemical group O1C(=NCC1)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- CBDKQYKMCICBOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiazoline Chemical group C1CN=CS1 CBDKQYKMCICBOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 101100516554 Caenorhabditis elegans nhr-5 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004916 (C1-C6) alkylcarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 235000019256 formaldehyde Nutrition 0.000 claims 3
- DAXJNUBSBFUTRP-RTQNCGMRSA-N (8r,9s,10r,13s,14s)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-10,13-dimethyl-7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-octahydro-6h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,17-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=C[C@]2(C)[C@H]3CC[C@](C)(C(CC4)=O)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CC(CO)C2=C1 DAXJNUBSBFUTRP-RTQNCGMRSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005576 amination reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005677 ethinylene group Chemical group [*:2]C#C[*:1] 0.000 claims 1
- NLFBCYMMUAKCPC-KQQUZDAGSA-N ethyl (e)-3-[3-amino-2-cyano-1-[(e)-3-ethoxy-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]sulfanyl-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]sulfanylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C\SC(=C(C#N)C(N)=O)S\C=C\C(=O)OCC NLFBCYMMUAKCPC-KQQUZDAGSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 15
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000012024 dehydrating agents Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- VMJNTFXCTXAXTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxole-5-carbonitrile Chemical group C1=C(C#N)C=C2OC(F)(F)OC2=C1 VMJNTFXCTXAXTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- DOBRDRYODQBAMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(i) cyanide Chemical compound [Cu+].N#[C-] DOBRDRYODQBAMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium cyanide Chemical compound [Na+].N#[C-] MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000001430 anti-depressive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- OVEHNNQXLPJPPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;n-propan-2-ylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound [Li].CC(C)NC(C)C OVEHNNQXLPJPPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium cyanide Chemical compound [K+].N#[C-] NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002769 thiazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003747 Grignard reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 101100030361 Neurospora crassa (strain ATCC 24698 / 74-OR23-1A / CBS 708.71 / DSM 1257 / FGSC 987) pph-3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RLOWWWKZYUNIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic chloride Chemical compound ClP=O RLOWWWKZYUNIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentachloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N serotonin Chemical compound C1=C(O)C=C2C(CCN)=CNC2=C1 QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- YXCRMKYHFFMNPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C1C2=CC=C(C#N)C=C2CO1 YXCRMKYHFFMNPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZGPDEMGXBPZROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-formyl-3h-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C1(C=O)C2=CC=C(C#N)C=C2CO1 ZGPDEMGXBPZROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pd(PPh3)4 Substances [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000935 antidepressant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940005513 antidepressants Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000012320 chlorinating reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- HCUYBXPSSCRKRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosgene Chemical compound ClC(=O)OC(Cl)(Cl)Cl HCUYBXPSSCRKRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C(Cl)=O CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WXHIJDCHNDBCNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium dihydride Chemical compound [PdH2] WXHIJDCHNDBCNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003511 tertiary amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WSEQXVZVJXJVFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile Chemical compound O1CC2=CC(C#N)=CC=C2C1(CCCN(C)C)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 WSEQXVZVJXJVFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXQAPNSHUJORMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-4-propylbenzene Chemical compound CCCC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 QXQAPNSHUJORMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCYFGRCYSCXKNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1,3-dimethyl-2,6-dioxo-7-purinyl)acetic acid Chemical compound O=C1N(C)C(=O)N(C)C2=C1N(CC(O)=O)C=N2 HCYFGRCYSCXKNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPZHKLJPVMYFCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(5-bromopyridin-2-yl)acetonitrile Chemical compound BrC1=CC=C(CC#N)N=C1 DPZHKLJPVMYFCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CO1 IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZDAOHVKBFBBMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminopentanedioic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O OZDAOHVKBFBBMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNEVVXBMQZYGEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzofuran-1-carbonitrile Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C#N)OC=C21 DNEVVXBMQZYGEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NYYRRBOMNHUCLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloro-n,n-dimethylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCCl NYYRRBOMNHUCLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobenzoic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXRKCOCTEMYUEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-aminoisoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound NC1=CC=C2C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1 PXRKCOCTEMYUEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SKTFQHRVFFOHTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-bromo-1,3-dimethyl-7h-purine-2,6-dione Chemical compound O=C1N(C)C(=O)N(C)C2=C1NC(Br)=N2 SKTFQHRVFFOHTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical class [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000144725 Amygdalus communis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011437 Amygdalus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aspartic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- COVZYZSDYWQREU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Busulfan Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)OCCCCOS(C)(=O)=O COVZYZSDYWQREU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N Cinnamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010012289 Dementia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical compound ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021585 Nickel(II) bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical class O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019213 POCl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006124 SOCl2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric Acid Chemical compound [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007239 Wittig reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229950003769 acefylline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000020224 almond Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009435 amidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007112 amidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid group Chemical group C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)O WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004369 butenyl group Chemical group C(=CCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000480 butynyl group Chemical group [*]C#CC([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000026106 cerebrovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WRJWRGBVPUUDLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosulfonyl isocyanate Chemical compound ClS(=O)(=O)N=C=O WRJWRGBVPUUDLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N citraconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C\C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001212 derivatisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006193 diazotization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004132 diethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IONZNLIGCRXBBX-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethylamino(methyl)alumanylium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[Al+]N(C)C IONZNLIGCRXBBX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000006222 dimethylaminomethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- IQDGSYLLQPDQDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CNC IQDGSYLLQPDQDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFAXGSQYZLGZPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanedisulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CCS(O)(=O)=O AFAXGSQYZLGZPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940052303 ethers for general anesthesia Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012458 free base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- YNESATAKKCNGOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide Chemical compound [Li+].C[Si](C)(C)[N-][Si](C)(C)C YNESATAKKCNGOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N mandelic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N mesitylene Substances CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1 AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001827 mesitylenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(C(*)=C(C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000011987 methylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007069 methylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- IPLJNQFXJUCRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);dibromide Chemical compound [Ni+2].[Br-].[Br-] IPLJNQFXJUCRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012454 non-polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004368 propenyl group Chemical group C(=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002568 propynyl group Chemical group [*]C#CC([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006268 reductive amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006798 ring closing metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940076279 serotonin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WRIKHQLVHPKCJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N([Na])[Si](C)(C)C WRIKHQLVHPKCJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylamine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003549 thiazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- GGUBFICZYGKNTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphonoacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CP(=O)(OCC)OCC GGUBFICZYGKNTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCPYLLCMEDAXFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)OC(=O)OC(Cl)(Cl)Cl UCPYLLCMEDAXFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/77—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D307/87—Benzo [c] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [c] furans
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/34—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having five-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. isosorbide
- A61K31/343—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having five-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. isosorbide condensed with a carbocyclic ring, e.g. coumaran, bufuralol, befunolol, clobenfurol, amiodarone
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/24—Antidepressants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D263/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings
- C07D263/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D263/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D263/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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- C07D263/52—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D277/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings
- C07D277/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D277/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D277/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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- C07D417/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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Description
Ovaj se izum odnosi na način priprave dobro poznatog antidepresiva citaloprama, 1-[3-(dimetilamino)propil]-1-(4-fluorofenil)-1,3-dihidro-5-izobenzo-furankarbonitrila.
Prethodno stanje struke
Citalopram je dobro poznati antidepresiv koji se već nekoliko godina nalazi na tržištu i koji ima sljedeću strukturu:
[image]
To je selektivni, centralno djelujući inhibitor ponovne pohrane serotonina (5-hidroksitriptamin; 5-HT), koji, prema tome ima antidepresivno djelovanje. Antidepresivno djelovanje tog spoja opisano je u nekoliko publikacija, npr. J.Hyttel Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. & Biol. Psychiat. 1982., 6, 277-295 i A. Gravem Acta Psychiatr.Scand. 1987., 75, 478-486. Pokazalo se da taj spoj ima učinka i u liječenju demencije i cerebrovaskularnih poremećaja, EP-A-474580.
Citalopram je prvi put opisan u DE 2,657,013, što odgovara US 4,136,193. Ta patentna objava opisuje pripravu citaloprama na jedan način i naznačuje daljnji način koji se može koristiti za pripravu citaloprama.
Prema opisanom postupku, na odgovarajući 1-(4-fluorofenil)-1,3-dihidro-5-izobenzofurankarbonitril reagira se s 3-(N,N-dimetilamino)propil-kloridom uz prisutnost metilsulfinilmetida kao kondenzirajućeg agensa. Polazna supstanca pripremljena je iz odgovarajućeg 5-bromo derivata reakcijom s bakrenim cijanidom.
Međunarodna patentna prijava br. WO 98/019511 opisuje postupak izrade citaloprama u kojem je spoj 4-(cijano, alkiloksikarbonil ili alkilaminokarbonil)-2-hidroksimetilfenil-(4-fluorofenil)metanola podvrgnut zatvaranju prstena. Dobiveni 5-(alkiloksikarbonil ili alkilaminokarbonil)-1-(4-fluorofenil)-1,3-dihidroizobenzo-furan konvertira se u odgovarajući 5-cijano derivat, a taj se 5-cijano derivat zatim alkilira s (3-dimetilamino)propil halogenidom kako bi se dobio citalopram.
Sada se, neočekivano, otkrilo da se citalopram može proizvoditi na nov, prikladan način u kojem se 5-supstituirani 1-(4-fluorofenil)-1,3-dihidroizobenzofuran derivira postupnim dodavanjem 3-dimetilaminopropilnog lanca. Opcionalno i ovisno o prirodi supstituenta na položaju 5, rečeni supstituent se u prikladno vrijeme tijekom reakcije konvertira u cijano grupu.
Sažetak izuma
Ovaj izum podrazumijeva sljedeće:
Način priprave citaloprama, uključujući podvrgavanje spoja formule I
[image]
u kojoj R predstavlja CN, OH, troplošni O, halogen, NHR5, pri čemu je R5 odabran iz vodika i C1-6 alkilkarbonila, CHO, CO2R6, CONHR7, pri čemu su R6-R7 svaki neovisno odabrani iz vodika i C1-6 alkila ili je R oksazolin ili tiazoline formule
[image]
u kojoj U predstavlja O ili S;
R1 - R2 su svaki neovisno odabrani iz vodika i C1-6 alkila, ili R1 i R2 zajedno čine C2-5 alkilenski lanac i tako tvore spiro prsten; R3 je odabran iz vodika i C1-6 alkila, R4 je odabran iz vodika, C1-6 alkila, karboksi grupe ili njezinog izvora ili R3 i R4 zajedno čine C2-5 alkilenski lanac i tako tvore spiro prsten;
postepenom dodavanju reagensā koji konačno dovode do 3-(N,N-dimetilamino)-prop-1-il supstituenta u citalopramu. Opcionalno, ako R nije CN, on se u prikladno vrijeme tijekom reakcije konvertira u CN.
Prvi aspekt ovog izuma sastoji se od dodavanja C-1 lanca:
Ta reakcija sadrži sljedeće uzastopne faze, od kojih neke mogu biti provedene istovremeno i kojih se red može promijeniti na načine poznate stručnjacima:
a) dodavanje C-1 lanca
b) dodavanje C-2 lanca, koji se opcionalno aktivira s obzirom na fazu c) ili uključuje istovremeno dodavanje NMe2 ili njegovog izvora
c) dodavanje NMe2 ili njegovog izvora
d) (opcionalno) podešavanje razine oksidacije
e) (opcionalnu) konverziju R-a u 5-cijano grupu
f) (opcionalnu) konverziju izvora NMe2 u NMe2.
U jednoj preferiranoj izvedbi gornjega, poduzimaju se sljedeći koraci:
a) dodavanje C-1 lanca
b) dodavanje C-2 lanca i dimetilamino-supstituenta
c) podešavanje razine oksidacije (postupak u istoj posudi s b))
d) (opcionalna) derivacija supstituenta R u 5-cijano grupu
[image]
Wittigova reakcija poznata je u struci i uključuje derivat ilida prikladne strukture - u ovom izumu radi se o ilidu poput Ph3P=CH-CH2NMe2. Proizvod te reakcije sadrži dvostruku vezu koja se reducira na načine poznate u struci.
U drugoj izvedbi ovog izuma učinjeni su sljedeći koraci:
a) dodavanje C-1
b) Grignardova reakcija
c) Eliminacija i redukcija
d) (opcionalna) konverzija R u 5-cijano grupu
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U ovom aspektu izuma, dodavanje C-1 grupe provodi se na uobičajene načine, nakon čega slijedi Grignardova reakcija. Proizvod Grignardove reakcije je sekundarni alkohol, koji se podvrgava eliminaciji i potom redukciji dobivene dvostruke veze. Redukcija dvostruke veze obavlja se standardne načine.
Drugi aspekt ovog izuma uključuje reakciju spoja formule I kao gore dodavanjem C-2 lanca. Taj aspekt ovog izuma ima sljedeće faze od kojih se neke provode zajedno:
dodavanje C-2 lanca
dodavanje C-1 koji se opcionalno aktivira s obzirom na fazu c)
dodavanje NMe2 ili izvora te grupe
opcionalno podešavanje razine oksidacije
(opcionalna) derivacija R u 5-cijano supstituent.
U jednoj preferiranoj izvedbi ovog izuma provode se sljedeće faze:
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U drugoj preferiranoj izvedbi ovog izuma provode se sljedeće faze:
[image]
U još jednoj izvedbi ovog izuma provode se sljedeće reakcije:
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Redukcija nitro grupe može se provesti na struci poznate načine. Jedan od preferiranih načina je H2 uz prisutnost Pd/C.
MCN predstavlja metalni cijanid poput NaCN, KCN, Zn(CN)2 ili CuCN.
Metilacija amino grupe može se provesti pomoću inter alia CH3I ili reduktivnom aminacijom formaldehida. Preferirani reduktivni spojevi su NaBH4 ili NaCNBH3.
Detaljni opis izuma
Polazna supstanca formule (I) može se pripraviti prema opisu u SAD patentu br. 4.136.193 ili prema opisu u WO 98/019511.
Prva faza dodavanja, u kojoj se na spoj formule I reagira s C-1 ili C-2 reagensom, prikladno se provodi tretiranjem spoja formule (I) s bazom poput na primjer LDA (litijev diizopropilamin), LiHMDS, NaH, NaHMDS i NaOMe u aprotičkom organskom otapalu poput THF (tetrahidrofuran), DMF (dimetilformamid), NMP (N-metilpirolidon), etera poput dietileter ili dioksalana, toluena, benzena ili alkana i njihovih mješavina, a zatim dodavanjem C-1 ili C-2 reagensa.
U ovom tekstu 'C-1 (C-2) reagens' je reagens koji je u kemijskoj reakciji sposoban molekuli dodati C-1 (C-2) fragment.
Redukcije se mogu provesti na struci poznate načine.
Način za konverziju grupe R u cijano supstituent može biti jedan od sljedećih:
(i) R je troplošni O ili halogen
Kad je R halogen ili troplošni O formule CF3-(CF2)n-SO2-, gdje je n cijeli broj u rasponu od 0 do uključivo 8, konverzija u cijano grupu može se provesti reakcijom s izvorom cijanida, na primjer KCN, NaCN, CuCN, Zn(CN)2 ili (R8)4NCN, pri čemu (R8)4 predstavlja četiri grupe koje mogu biti jednake ili različite, a odabrane su iz vodika i ravnog lanca razgranatog C1-6 alkila, uz prisutnost paladijevog katalizatora i katalitičke količine Cu+ ili Zn2+, ili sa Zn(CN)2 uz prisutnost paladijevog katalizatora.
Izvor cijanida koristi se u stehiometrijskoj količini ili u suvišku, preferirano se koriste 1-2 ekvivalenta po ekvivalentu početne supstance. (R8)4N+ može prikladno biti (Bu)4N+. Spoj cijanida preferirano je NaCN ili KCN ili Zn(CN)2.
Paladijev katalizator može biti bilo koji prikladan katalizator koji sadrži Pd(0) ili Pd(II), poput Pd(PPh3)4, Pd(dba)3, Pd(PPh)2Cl2 itd. Pd katalizator se prikladno rabi u količini od 1-10, preferirano 2-6, najviše preferirano oko 4-5 mol%.
Katalitičke količine Cu+ odnosno Zn2+ znači substehiometrijske količine poput 0,1–5, preferirano 1–3 ekvivalenta % u odnosu na reagense. Prikladno se rabi 1⁄2 ekvivalenta po ekvivalentu Pd. Može se upotrebljavati bilo koji izvor Cu+ ili Zn++. Cu+ se preferirano rabi u obliku CuI, a Zn2+ se preferirano upotrebljava kao sol Zn(CN)2.
Kad R znači Br ili I, konverzija u cijano grupu također se može provesti reakcijom s Cu(CN) bez katalizatora. U preferiranoj izvedbi reakcija se provodi na povišenoj temperaturi.
U drugom aspektu ovog izuma, reakcija se obavlja u ionskoj tekućini opće formule (R9)4N+, X-, pri čemu su R9 alkilne grupe ili dvije od R9 grupa zajedno tvore prsten, a X- je indikator iona. U jednoj izvedbi ovog izuma, (R9)4N+X- predstavlja
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U drugom posebnom aspektu, reakcija se provodi s apolarnim otapalima poput benzena, ksilena ili mesitilena i pod utjecajem mikrovalova pomoću uređaja Synthewave 1000TM proizvođača Prolabo. U posebnom aspektu, reakcija se provodi bez dodavanja otapala.
Temperatura ovisi o vrsti reakcije. Ako nema katalizatora, preferirane se temperature kreću između 100-200°C. Međutim, kad se reakcija provodi pod utjecajem mikrovalova, temperatura u reakcijskoj mješavini može se popeti iznad 300°C. Više preferirana temperatura kreće se između 120-170°C. Najviše preferirana temperatura iznosi 130-150°C.
Ako je prisutan katalizator, preferirana temperatura je između 0 i 100°C. Više preferirane su temperature između 40-90°C. Najviše preferirane temperature kreću se između 60-90°C.
Drugi uvjeti reakcije, otapala itd. su uvjeti uobičajeni za takve reakcije i stručnjak ih može lako odrediti.
Kad R znači Cl ili Br, konverzija u cijano grupu također se može provesti reakcijom s izvorom cijanida, na primjer KCN, NaCN, CuCN, Zn(CN)2 ili (R8)4N)CN, pri čemu (R8)4 označava četiri grupe koje mogu biti jednake ili različite, a odabrane su iz vodika i ravnog lanca ili razgranatog C1-6 alkila, uz prisutnost nikaljnog katalizatora.
Nikaljni katalizator može biti bilo koji prikladan kompleks koji sadrži Ni(0) ili Ni(II), koji djeluje kao katalizator, poput Ni(PPh3)3, (η-aril)-Ni(PPh3)2Cl itd. Nikaljni katalizatori i njihova priprava opisani su u WO 96/11906, EP-A-613720 ili EP-A-384392.
U jednoj izvedbi ovog izuma reakcija se provodi uz prisutnost katalitičke količine Cu+ ili Zn2+.
U posebno preferiranoj izvedbi, nikalj(0) kompleks pripravlja se in situ prije uvođenja cijanidne grupe redukcijom izvora niklja(II) poput NiCl2 ili NiBr2 pomoću metala poput cinka, magnezija ili mangana uz prisutnost suviška kompleksnih liganda, preferirano trifenilfosfina.
Ni katalizator uobičajeno se rabi u količini od 0,5-10, preferirano 2-6, najviše preferirano oko 4-5 mol%.
Katalitičke količine Cu+ odnosno Zn2+ znači substehiometrijske količine poput 0,1 - 5, preferirano 1 - 3 ekviv.%. Može se upotrebljavati bilo koji izvor Cu+ i Zn2+. Cu+ preferirano se rabi u obliku CuI, a Zn2+ se prikladno rabi kao sol Zn(CN)2 ili se pripravlja in situ redukcijom spojeva niklja(II) pomoću cinka.
Ni katalizatori su Ni(0), Pd(0) ili Pd(II) katalizatori prema opisu u Sakakibara i sur. u Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1988., 61, 1985-1990. Preferirani katalizatori su Ni(PPh3)3 ili Pd(PPh3)4 ili Pd(PPh)2Cl2.
Reakcije se mogu provoditi u bilo kojem prikladnom otapalu prema opisu u Sakakibara i sur. u Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1988., 61, 1985-1990. Preferirana otapala su acetonitril, etilacetat, THF, DMF ili NMP.
R je oksazolin ili tiazolin.
Kad je R oksazolin ili tiazolin formule
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u kojoj U znači O ili S;
R1 - R4 su svaki neovisno odabrani iz vodika i C1-6 alkila ili R3 i R4 zajedno čine C2-5 alkilenski lanac i tako tvore spiro prsten; R1 je odabran iz vodika i C1-6 alkila, R2 je odabran iz vodika, C1-6 alkila, karboksi grupe ili njezinog izvora ili R1 i R2 zajedno čine C2-5 alkilenski lanac i tako tvore spiro prsten; konverzija u cijano grupu može se provesti dehidracijom ili alternativno, tamo gdje U znači S, termalnim cijepanjem tiazolinskog prstena ili tretiranjem s radikalnim inicijatorom poput peroksida ili sa svjetlom.
Dehidrirajući agens može biti bilo koji prikladan dehidrirajući agens koji se uobičajeno rabi u struci, poput fosforoksitriklorida, tionilklorida, fosforpentaklorida, PPA (polifosforne kiseline) i P4O10. Reakcija se može provesti uz prisutnost organska baze poput piridina.
Alternativno, dehidrirajući agens može biti Vilsmeierov reagens, tj. spoj koji nastaje reakcijom klorinirajućeg agensa, preferirano kiselog klorida, npr. fozgena, oksalil klorida, tionil klorida, fosforoksiklorida, fosforpentaklorida, triklorometil kloroformata, koji je poznat i pod kraticom "difozgen", ili bi(triklorometil)karbonata, koji je poznat i pod kraticom "trifozgen", s tercijarnim amidom poput N,N-dimetilformamida ili N,N-dialkilalkanamida, npr. N,N-dimetilacetamida. Klasični Vilsmeyerov reagens je klorometilendimetiliminij klorid. Vilsmeierov reagens preferirano se pripravlja in situ dodavanjem klorinirajućeg agensa mješavini koja sadrži polazni derivat oksazolina ili tiazolina i tercijarni amid.
Kad U znači S, a konverzija tiazolinske grupe u cijano grupu se provodi termalnom transformacijom, termalno raspadanje tiazolina preferirano se provodi u bezvodnom organskom otapalu, više preferirano u aprotičkom polarnom otapalu poput N,N-dimetilformamida, N,N-dimetilacetamida, dimetilsulfoksida ili acetonitrila. Temperatura na kojoj termalno raspadanje pretvara 2-tiazolilnu grupu u cijano grupu iznosi između 60°C i 140°C. Termalno raspadanje može se prikladno provesti refluksom u odgovarajućem otapalu, preferirano acetonitrilu. Termalno cijepanje može se prikladno provesti uz prisutnost kisika ili oksidirajućeg agensa. Tiazolinska grupa u kojoj U predstavlja S, a R3 ili R4 je karboksi grupa ili izvor karboksi grupe, može se također konvertirati u citalopram tretiranjem s radikalnim inicijatorom poput svjetla ili peroksidā.
R znači CHO, CO2R6 ili CONHR7
Kad R znači CHO, konverzija u cijano grupu može se provesti konverzijom formilne grupe u oksim ili sličnu grupu reakcijom s reagensom R10-V-NH2, u kojemu je R10 vodik, niži alkil, aril ili heteroaril, a V je O, N ili S, te zatim konverzijom u cijano grupu uobičajenim dehidrirajućim agensom, na primjer tionilkloridom, octenim anhidridom/piridinom, piridinom/HCl ili fosfornim pentakloridom. Preferirani reagensi R10-V-NH2 su hidroksilamin i spojevi u kojima je R10 alkil ili aril, a V je N ili O.
Kad R znači -COOR6, konverzija u cijano grupu može se provesti preko odgovarajućeg kiselog klorida ili estera i amida.
Kiseli se klorid prikladno dobiva tretiranjem kiseline s POCl3, PCl5 ili SOCl2 na suho ili u odgovarajućem otapalu poput toluena ili toluena koji sadrži katalitičku količinu N,N-dimetilformamida. Ester se dobiva tretiranjem kiseline alkoholom
R6OH, pri čemu je R6 prema gornjoj definiciji, uz prisutnost kiseline, preferirano mineralne kiseline ili Lewisove kiseline poput HCl, H2SO4, POCl3, PCl5 ili SOCl2. Alternativno, ester se može dobiti iz kiselog klorida reakcijom s alkoholom. Ester ili kiseli klorid potom se amidacijom s amonijakom ili C1-6 alkilaminom, preferirano t-butil aminom,konvertira u amid.
Konverzija u amid može se postići i reakcijom estera s amonijakom ili alkilaminom pod tlakom i uz grijanje.
Amidna se grupa zatim dehidracijom konvertira u cijano grupu. Dehidrirajući agens može biti bilo koji odgovarajući dehidrirajući agens, a stručnjak može lako odrediti optimalan agens. Primjeri odgovarajućih dehidrirajućih agensa su SOCl2, POCl3 i PCl5, preferirano SOCl2.
U posebno preferiranoj izvedbi, na karboksilnu kiselinu reagira se alkoholom, R6OH, preferirano etanolom, uz prisutnost POCl3, kako bi se dobio odgovarajući ester, na koji se zatim reagira s amonijakom i tako dobiva odgovarajući amid, na koji se potom reagira sa SOCl2 u toluenu koji sadrži katalitičku količinu N,N-dimetilformamida.
Alternativno, na spoj u kojem R znači -COOH može se reagirati s klorosulfonil izocijanatom kako bi se dobio nitril ili ga se može tretirati s dehidrirajućim agensom i sulfonamidom prema opisu u PCT/DK/0000032.
R predstavlja NHR5.
Kad R predstavlja -NHR5, pri čemu je R5 vodik, konverzija u cijano preferirano se provodi diazotacijom nakon koje slijedi reakcija s CN-. Najradije se koriste NaNO2 u CuCN i/ili NaCN. Kad R5 znači C1-6 karbonil, najprije se podvrgava hidrolizi, čime se dobiva odgovarajući spoj u kojem R5 predstavlja H koji se zatim konvertira prema gornjem opisu. Hidroliza se može provesti u kiselom ili lužnatom okolišu.
Citalopram se može koristiti kao slobodna baza ili njezina farmaceutski prihvatljiva kiselinska sol. Kao kiselinske soli mogu se rabiti soli dobivene iz organskih ili anorganskih kiselina. Primjeri takvih organskih soli su one s maleinskom, fumarnom, benzojevom, askorbinskom, jantarnom, oksalnom, bimetilensalicilnom, metansulfonskom, etandisulfonskom, octenom, propionskom, vinskom, salicilnom, limunskom, glukonskom, mliječnom, bademovom, cinamičnom, citrakonskom, asparaginskom, stearinskom, palmitinskom, itakonskom, glikolnom, p-aminobenzojevom, glutaminskom, benzen sulfonskom i teofilinskom octenom kiselinom, kao i s 8-haloteofilinima, na primjer 8-bromoteofilinom. Primjeri takvih anorganskih soli su one sa solnom, hidrobromnom, sumpornom, sulfaminskom, fosfornom i dušičnom kiselinom.
Kiselinske soli spojeva mogu se pripraviti na načine poznate u struci. Na bazu se reagira bilo s izračunatom količinom kiseline u otapalu koje se miješa s vodom, poput acetona ili etanola, nakon čega se koncentracijom i hlađenjem izolira sol, bilo suviškom kiseline u otapalu koje se ne miješa s vodom, poput etiletera, etilacetata ili diklorometana, pri čemu se sol separira sama od sebe.
Farmaceutske smjese prema ovom izumu mogu se primjenjivati na bilo koji prikladan način i u bilo kojem prikladnom obliku, na primjer oralno u obliku tableta, kapsula, prašaka ili sirupa, ili parenteralno u obliku uobičajenih sterilnih otopina za ubrizgavanje.
Farmaceutske formulacije prema ovom izumu mogu se pripraviti na načine uobičajene u struci. Na primjer, tablete se mogu pripraviti miješanjem aktivne tvari s uobičajenim pomoćnim tvarima i/ili razrjeđivačima te potom komprimiranjem mješavine u konvencionalnom stroju za tabletiranje. Primjeri pomoćnih tvari ili razrjeđivača su: škrobno brašno, krumpirovo škrobno brašno, talk, magnezijev stearat, želatina, laktoza, vezivna sredstva i slično. Može se koristiti i bilo koje pomoćno sredstvo ili aditivi, boje, aroma, konzervansi itd. pod uvjetom da su kompatibilni s aktivnim tvarima.
Otopine za ubrizgavanje mogu se pripraviti otapanjem aktivne tvari i eventualnih aditiva u dijelu otapala za ubrizgavanje, preferirano sterilnoj vodi, uz podešavanje otopine na željeni volumen, sterilizaciju otopine i njezino punjenje u odgovarajuće ampule ili bočice. Može se dodati bilo koji aditiv koji struka uobičajeno rabi, poput tonizirajućih agensa, konzervansa, antioksidansa itd.
U svim specifikacijama i patentnim zahtjevima izraz alkil odnosi se na razgranatu ili nerazgranatu alkilnu grupu koja ima jedan do uključivo šest atoma ugljika, poput metila, etila, 1-propila, 2-propila, 1-butila, 2-butila, 2-metil-2-propila, 2,2-dimetil-1-etila i 2-metil-1-propila.
Slično tome, alkenil odnosno alkinil označavaju takve grupe koje imaju od dva do šest atoma ugljika, uključujući jednu dvostruku odnosno trostruku vezu, poput etenila, propenila, butenila, etinila, propinila i butinila.
Izraz aril odnosi se na mono- ili bicikličku karbocikličku aromatsku grupu, poput fenila i naftila, posebno fenila.
Izraz aralkil odnosi se na aril-alkil, pri čemu su aril i alkil prema gornjoj definiciji.
Halogen znači klor, brom ili jod.
Primjer
Sinteza citaloprama preko 1-(4-fluorofenil)-1-formil-1,3-dihidro-5-izobenzofurankarbonitrila:
1-(4-Fluorofenil)-1-formil-1,3,-dihidro-5-izobenzofurankarbonitril. Otopina 1-(4-fluorofenil)-1,3-dihidro-5-izobenzofurankarbonitrila (2,4 g, 10 mmol) u THF (15 mL) dodana je otopini LDA (11 mmol) u THF (25 mL) na -78°C u atmosferi dušika. Mješavina je ostavljena 45 min da se ugrije na -40°C. Na toj je temperaturi dodan svježe destilirani metil format (0,75 mL, 12 mmol), te je nastavljeno jednosatno miješanje do postizanja 0°C. Zatim je mješavina ulivena u ledenu zasićenu otopinu amonijevog klorida i ekstrahirana s Et20 (3 y 100 mL). Organski ekstrakti isprani su matičnim lugom, osušeni i upareni. Silika gel kromatografijom (heptan, EtOAc 4:1) taloga dobiven je naslovni spoj (1,3 g, 50%). 1H NMR (CDCl3) δ 5,35 (2H, s); 7,10 (2H, t, J = 9,0 Hz); 7,50 (1H, dd, J = 5,2 i 9,0 Hz); 7,57 (1H, s); 7,60 (1H, d, J = 8,0 Hz); 7,70 (1H, d, J = 8,0 Hz).
1-[3-(Etoksikarbonil)etil]-1-(4-fluorofenil)-1,3-dihidro-5-izobenzofurankarbonitril. Trietil fosfonoacetat (5,1 mL, 22,8 mmol) dodan je otopini LDA (22,8 mmol) u THF (100 mL) na -30° u atmosferi dušika. Mješavina je na toj temperaturi miješana 1 sat, zatim je dodana otopina 1-(4-fluorofenil)-1-formil-1,3-dihidro-5-izobenzofurankarbonitrila (5,8 g, 21,7 mmol) u THF (50 mL). Mješavina je 2,5 sata ostavljena da se ugrije na sobnu temperaturu, a zatim ulivena u ledenu vodu. Dodavanjem octene kiseline pH je podešen na oko 5 te je vodena faza ekstrahirana s Et2O, osušena i uparena. Sirovi proizvod (8,0 g) je hidrogeniziran u etanolu (150 mL) uz Pt/C (1,7 g, 5%) kao katalizator. Nakon 16 sati mješavina je filtrirana kroz Celit i uparena. Silika gel kromatografija (heptan, EtOAc 5:1) dala je proizvod u obliku ulja (4,2 g, 57%). 1H NMR (CDCl1) δ 1,20 (3H, t, J = 7,0 Hz); 2,25 (2H, m); 2,50 (2H, m); 4,05 (2H, q, J = 7,0 Hz); 5,15 (1H, d, J = 12,7 Hz); 5,19 (1H, d, J = 12,7 Hz); 7,02 (2H, t, J = 9,0 Hz); 7,40 (3H, m); 7,50 (1H, s); 7,60 (1H, d, J = 8,0 Hz).
1-[3-(N,N-Dimetilamido)etil]-1-(4-fluorofenil)-1,3-dihidro-5-izobenzofuran-karbonitril. Metil kloroaluminijev dimetilamid (30 mL, 20 mmol, pripravljen iz dimetilamonijevog klorida i trimetil aluminija u toluenu) dodan je otopini 1-[3-(etoksikarbonil)etil]-1-(4-fluorofenil)-1,3-dihidro-5-izobenzofurankarbonitrila (2,6 g, 7,7 mmol) u toluenu (50 mL). Dobivena je mješavina 19 sati miješana na 50°C, ohlađena, ulivena u ledenu vodu i ekstrahirana s Et2O (3 x 200 mL). Organski ekstrakti osušeni su i upareni te je dobiven proizvod u obliku ulja (2,6 g, 100%). 1H NMR (CDCl3) δ 2,26 (2H, t, J = 8,0 Hz); 2,45 (1H, ddd, J = 1,8 i 9,9 i 16,0 Hz); 2,59 (1H, ddd, J = 8,0 i 14,6 i 16,0 Hz); 2,86 (1H, s), 2,88 (1H, s); 5,15 (1H, d, J = 13,0 Hz); 5,20 (1H, d, J = 13,0 Hz); 7,02 (2H, t, J = 8,9 Hz); 7,41 (1H, d, J = 8,0 Hz); 7,44 (2H, dd, J = 5,2 i 8,9 Hz); 7,50 (1H, s); 7,58 (1H, d, J = 8,0 Hz).
Claims (18)
1. Način za pripravu citaloprama, naznačen time da sadrži reakciju spoja formule (I)
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u kojoj R predstavlja CH, OH, troplošni O, halogen, NHR5, pri čemu je R5 vodik ili C1-6 alkilkarbonil, CHO, CO2R6, CONHR7, pri čemu su R6 i R7 svaki neovisno vodik ili C1-6 alkil ili je R oksazolin ili tiazolin formule
[image]
u kojoj U znači O ili S;
R1 – R2 su svaki neovisno odabrani iz vodika i C1-6 alkila ili R1 i R2 zajedno čine C2-5 alkilenski lanac i tako tvore spiro prsten; R3 je odabran iz vodika i C1-6 alkila, R4 je odabran iz vodika, C1-6 alkila, karboksi grupe ili njezinog izvora ili R3 i R4 zajedno čine C2-5 alkilenski lanac i tako tvore spiro prsten;
s reagensima čime se postiže postupno dodavanje supstituenta 3-(N,N-dimetilamino)propila.
2. Način prema patentnom zahtjevu 1, naznačen time da se najprije dodaje C-1 grupa.
3. Način prema patentnom zahtjevu 1, naznačen time da se najprije dodaje C-2 grupa.
4. Način prema bilo kojem od patentnih zahtjeva 1 i 2, naznačen time da se ugljik dodaje reakcijom spoja formule (I) s DMF ili HCO2R' uz prisutnost baze.
5. Način prema bilo kojem od patentnih zahtjeva 1 ili 2, naznačen time da se ugljik dodaje reakcijom spoja formule (I) s CH2O uz prisutnost baze.
6. Način prema bilo kojem od patentnih zahtjeva 1 i 2, naznačen time da se ugljik dodaje reakcijom spoja formule (I) s CO2 uz prisutnost baze.
7. Način prema patentnom zahtjevu 6, naznačen time da se derivat karboksila reducira u derivat hidroksimetila.
8. Način prema bilo kojem od patentnih zahtjeva 1, 2, 6 i 7, naznačen time da daljnje reakcije uključuju aktivaciju i potom alkilaciju preko derivata kuprata.
9. Način prema bilo kojem od patentnih zahtjeva 1 i 3, naznačen time da se C-2 lanac dodaje reakcijom spoja formule (I) s CH3CN uz prisutnost baze.
10. Način prema bilo kojem od patentnih zahtjeva 1 i 3, naznačen time da se C-2 lanac dodaje reakcijom spoja formule (I) s acetilenom.
11. Način prema bilo kojem od patentnih zahtjeva 9 ili 10, naznačen time da daljnje reakcije uključuju dodavanje CH2O i NHMe2.
12. Način prema patentnom zahtjevu 3, naznačen time da se reakcija provodi podvrgavanjem spoja formule (I) bazi i X(CH2)2Y, pri čemu su X i Y ostaci.
[image]
13. Način prema patentnom zahtjevu 12, naznačen time da je u njemu Y halogen.
14. Način prema bilo kojem od patentnih zahtjeva 1, 3, 12, 13, naznačen time da se na spoj III reagira s MCN ili CH3NO2 uz prisutnost baze kako bi nastao spoj formule IV, koji se nakon toga reducira i potom metilira s CH3I ili reduktivnom aminacijom CH2O.
[image]
15. Način prema patentnom zahtjevu 14, naznačen time da je reducirajući agens NaBH4 ili NaCNBH3.
16. Način prema patentnom zahtjevu 12, naznačen time da se spoju formule III dodaje Mg, a nakon toga Me2NCH2O-alkil.
17. Način prema bilo kojem od patentnih zahtjeva 1 - 6, naznačen time da grupa R nije CN grupa i da se konvertira u CN grupu u bilo kojoj prikladnoj fazi reakcije.
18. Citalopram naznačen time da je pripravljen na način prema patentnim zahtjevima 1 - 17.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DKPA200000403 | 2000-03-13 | ||
DKPA200000414 | 2000-03-14 | ||
PCT/DK2001/000159 WO2001068629A1 (en) | 2000-03-13 | 2001-03-09 | Stepwise alkylation of 5-substituted 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydroisobenzofurans |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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HRP20020758A2 true HRP20020758A2 (en) | 2004-12-31 |
Family
ID=26068792
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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HRP20020758 HRP20020758A2 (en) | 2000-03-13 | 2002-09-18 | Stepwise alkylation of 5-substituted 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydroisobenzofurans |
Country Status (22)
Country | Link |
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US (2) | US6864379B2 (hr) |
EP (1) | EP1265881A1 (hr) |
JP (1) | JP2003527385A (hr) |
KR (1) | KR20020080485A (hr) |
CN (1) | CN1427835A (hr) |
AU (1) | AU2001239210A1 (hr) |
BG (1) | BG107046A (hr) |
BR (1) | BR0109364A (hr) |
CA (1) | CA2402553A1 (hr) |
CZ (1) | CZ20023100A3 (hr) |
EA (1) | EA200200968A1 (hr) |
HR (1) | HRP20020758A2 (hr) |
HU (1) | HUP0300273A2 (hr) |
IL (1) | IL151566A0 (hr) |
IS (1) | IS6530A (hr) |
MX (1) | MXPA02008684A (hr) |
NO (1) | NO20024352L (hr) |
NZ (1) | NZ521204A (hr) |
PL (1) | PL357022A1 (hr) |
SK (1) | SK14522002A3 (hr) |
TR (1) | TR200202195T2 (hr) |
WO (1) | WO2001068629A1 (hr) |
Families Citing this family (11)
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---|---|---|---|---|
ATE237604T1 (de) | 1999-04-14 | 2003-05-15 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Verfahren zur herstellung von citalopram |
IES20010157A2 (en) | 2000-03-03 | 2002-03-06 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Method for the preparation of citalopram |
IES20010206A2 (en) | 2000-03-13 | 2002-03-06 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Method for the preparation of citalopram |
AR032455A1 (es) | 2000-05-12 | 2003-11-12 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Metodo para la preparacion de citalopram, un intermediario empleado en el metodo, un metodo para la preparacion del intermediario empleado en el metodo y composicion farmaceutica antidepresiva |
EP1446396A1 (en) * | 2001-11-08 | 2004-08-18 | Sepracor, Inc. | Methods for treating depression and other cns disorders using enantiomerically enriched desmethyl- and didesmethyl-metabolites of citalopram |
US7078541B2 (en) * | 2002-02-07 | 2006-07-18 | Galileo Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Benzofuran derivatives |
PE20040991A1 (es) | 2002-08-12 | 2004-12-27 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Separacion de intermediarios para la preparacion de escitalopram |
AU2003223105A1 (en) * | 2003-03-24 | 2004-10-18 | Hetero Drugs Limited | Novel crystalline forms of (s)-citalopram oxalate |
EP1706394B1 (en) * | 2003-11-12 | 2014-12-17 | Dr. Reddy's Laboratories, Inc. | Preparation of escitalopram |
TWI339651B (en) | 2004-02-12 | 2011-04-01 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Method for the separation of intermediates which may be used for the preparation of escitalopram |
CA2967430C (en) * | 2005-03-10 | 2018-05-08 | Gen-Probe Incorporated | Systems and methods to perform assays for detecting or quantifying analytes within samples |
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GB1143703A (hr) | 1965-03-18 | |||
GB1526331A (en) * | 1976-01-14 | 1978-09-27 | Kefalas As | Phthalanes |
GB8419963D0 (en) | 1984-08-06 | 1984-09-12 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Intermediate compound and method |
GB8814057D0 (en) | 1988-06-14 | 1988-07-20 | Lundbeck & Co As H | New enantiomers & their isolation |
US5296507A (en) | 1990-09-06 | 1994-03-22 | H.Lundbeck A/S | Treatment of cerbrovascular disorders |
DE19626659A1 (de) | 1996-07-03 | 1998-01-08 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Phthaliden |
DE19627697A1 (de) | 1996-07-10 | 1998-01-15 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Phthaliden |
PT1015416E (pt) | 1997-07-08 | 2002-03-28 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Metodo para a producao de citalopram |
UA62985C2 (en) | 1997-11-10 | 2004-01-15 | Lunnbeck As H | A method for the preparation of citalopram |
CA2291072C (en) | 1997-11-11 | 2002-08-20 | H. Lundbeck A/S | Method for the preparation of citalopram |
HU228576B1 (en) | 1998-10-20 | 2013-04-29 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Method for the preparation of citalopram |
AU764161B2 (en) | 1998-12-23 | 2003-08-14 | H. Lundbeck A/S | Method for the preparation of 5-cyanophthalide |
AR022329A1 (es) | 1999-01-29 | 2002-09-04 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Metodo para la preparacion de 5-cianoftalida |
ATE237604T1 (de) | 1999-04-14 | 2003-05-15 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Verfahren zur herstellung von citalopram |
ITMI991581A1 (it) | 1999-06-25 | 2001-01-15 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Metodo per la preparazione di citalopram |
ITMI991579A1 (it) | 1999-06-25 | 2001-01-15 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Metodo per la preparazione di citalopram |
SK287139B6 (sk) | 1999-10-25 | 2010-01-07 | H. Lundbeck A/S | Spôsob prípravy citalopramu |
AR026063A1 (es) | 1999-11-01 | 2002-12-26 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Metodo para la preparacion de 5-carboxiftalida. |
US6310222B1 (en) * | 1999-11-01 | 2001-10-30 | Sumika Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd. | Production method of 5-phthalancarbonitrile compound, intermediate therefor and production method of the intermediate |
WO2001047909A1 (en) * | 1999-12-28 | 2001-07-05 | H. Lundbeck A/S | Method for the preparation of citalopram |
UA73336C2 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 2005-07-15 | Lundbeck & Co As H | A method for the preparation of 5-cyano-phtalid |
TR200201783T2 (tr) | 2000-01-14 | 2002-12-23 | H. Lundbeck A/S | 5-Siyanofatalid hazırlamak için yöntem |
IT1317729B1 (it) | 2000-01-18 | 2003-07-15 | Norpharma S P A | Procedimento per la preparazione della 5-carbossiftalide. |
US6433196B1 (en) | 2000-02-17 | 2002-08-13 | Sumika Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd. | Production method of citalopram, intermediate therefor and production method of the intermediate |
IES20010143A2 (en) | 2000-02-24 | 2001-07-25 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Method for the preparation of citalopram |
NL1017415C1 (nl) | 2000-02-24 | 2001-05-18 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Werkwijze voor de bereiding van Citalopram. |
IES20010157A2 (en) | 2000-03-03 | 2002-03-06 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Method for the preparation of citalopram |
GB0005477D0 (en) | 2000-03-07 | 2000-04-26 | Resolution Chemicals Limited | Process for the preparation of citalopram |
IES20010206A2 (en) | 2000-03-13 | 2002-03-06 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Method for the preparation of citalopram |
IL151490A0 (en) * | 2000-03-13 | 2003-04-10 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Method for the preparation of citalopram |
KR20020080476A (ko) * | 2000-03-14 | 2002-10-23 | 하. 룬트벡 아크티에 셀스카브 | 시탈로프람의 제조 방법 |
EP1274699A1 (en) | 2000-03-16 | 2003-01-15 | H. Lundbeck A/S | Method for the preparation of 5-cyano-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydroisobenzofurans |
AR032455A1 (es) * | 2000-05-12 | 2003-11-12 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Metodo para la preparacion de citalopram, un intermediario empleado en el metodo, un metodo para la preparacion del intermediario empleado en el metodo y composicion farmaceutica antidepresiva |
SK3362002A3 (en) | 2000-07-06 | 2002-08-06 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Method for the preparation of citalopram |
FI20011622A (fi) | 2000-08-18 | 2002-02-19 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Menetelmä sitalopraamin valmistamiseksi |
EA003581B1 (ru) | 2000-12-22 | 2003-06-26 | Х.Лундбекк А/С | Способ получения чистого циталопрама |
AU3920201A (en) | 2000-12-28 | 2001-07-09 | H. Lundbeck A/S | Process for the preparation of pure citalopram |
-
2001
- 2001-03-09 EP EP01913735A patent/EP1265881A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-03-09 MX MXPA02008684A patent/MXPA02008684A/es unknown
- 2001-03-09 AU AU2001239210A patent/AU2001239210A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-03-09 JP JP2001567721A patent/JP2003527385A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-03-09 TR TR2002/02195T patent/TR200202195T2/xx unknown
- 2001-03-09 IL IL15156601A patent/IL151566A0/xx unknown
- 2001-03-09 BR BR0109364-9A patent/BR0109364A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-03-09 HU HU0300273A patent/HUP0300273A2/hu unknown
- 2001-03-09 SK SK1452-2002A patent/SK14522002A3/sk unknown
- 2001-03-09 CA CA002402553A patent/CA2402553A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-03-09 EA EA200200968A patent/EA200200968A1/ru unknown
- 2001-03-09 CN CN01809125A patent/CN1427835A/zh active Pending
- 2001-03-09 KR KR1020027012044A patent/KR20020080485A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-03-09 PL PL01357022A patent/PL357022A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-03-09 CZ CZ20023100A patent/CZ20023100A3/cs unknown
- 2001-03-09 WO PCT/DK2001/000159 patent/WO2001068629A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-03-09 NZ NZ521204A patent/NZ521204A/en unknown
-
2002
- 2002-08-27 IS IS6530A patent/IS6530A/is unknown
- 2002-09-02 BG BG107046A patent/BG107046A/xx unknown
- 2002-09-10 US US10/242,804 patent/US6864379B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-09-12 NO NO20024352A patent/NO20024352L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-09-18 HR HRP20020758 patent/HRP20020758A2/hr not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2004
- 2004-08-13 US US10/917,667 patent/US20050020670A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MXPA02008684A (es) | 2003-02-24 |
TR200202195T2 (tr) | 2002-12-23 |
EP1265881A1 (en) | 2002-12-18 |
CA2402553A1 (en) | 2001-09-20 |
SK14522002A3 (sk) | 2003-03-04 |
BG107046A (en) | 2003-05-30 |
AU2001239210A1 (en) | 2001-09-24 |
CN1427835A (zh) | 2003-07-02 |
BR0109364A (pt) | 2002-12-24 |
US6864379B2 (en) | 2005-03-08 |
WO2001068629A1 (en) | 2001-09-20 |
CZ20023100A3 (cs) | 2003-02-12 |
US20050020670A1 (en) | 2005-01-27 |
IS6530A (is) | 2002-08-27 |
IL151566A0 (en) | 2003-04-10 |
NO20024352D0 (no) | 2002-09-12 |
EA200200968A1 (ru) | 2003-02-27 |
US20030083509A1 (en) | 2003-05-01 |
JP2003527385A (ja) | 2003-09-16 |
PL357022A1 (en) | 2004-07-12 |
KR20020080485A (ko) | 2002-10-23 |
NO20024352L (no) | 2002-10-08 |
HUP0300273A2 (hu) | 2003-06-28 |
NZ521204A (en) | 2004-03-26 |
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