GB658418A - Fuels for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Abstract

A hydrocarbon fuel for internal combustion engines, especially diesel engines, contains at least 0.1 per cent. and especially 0.2-3 per cent, by weight of free or combined sulphur, and a metallic organic oxide in an amount such that the atomic ratio of the metal of the metallic organic oxide to the sulphur is from 0.02 to 0.1. By "metallic organic oxide" is meant a compound which has an organic radical attached to an OM group, where M is a metal. The metal may be of the alkali or alkaline earth group, such as lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium, or may be titanium, chromium, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, mercury, aluminium, tin, lead, antimony or bismuth. Radicals which may be attached to the OM group are, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, butyl, amyl, benzyl, methyl benzyl, phenyl ethyl, phenyl propyl, naphthyl methyl, methyl-, ethyl- and propylphenyl, methyl- and ethyl-naphthyl, phenyl, naphthyl, cyclopentyl, methyl-, dimethyl- and ethylcyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and methyl-, polymethyl- and propyl-cyclohexyl. The radicals may contain groups such as nitro, hydroxyl, keto, amino and ester groups or be substituted by halogen atoms. Metal salts of organic acids and of the condensation products of phenols with formaldehyde may also be used. Salts specified are the calcium derivative of the condensation product of formaldehyde and a p-octylphenol, sodium and calcium petroleum sulphonates and calcium naphthenate. The metallic organic oxide may be introduced into the combustion chamber separately from the fuel, for example as a solution in a solvent such as a hydrocarbon lubricating oil fraction. Specifications 502,171, 551,852, 579,369 and 587,273 are referred to.