GB617398A - Improvements in or relating to heat exchange apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

617,398. Tubular heat-exchangers; instantaneous steam boilers. BUGATTI, E. I. A. Sept. 30, 1946, No. 29139. Convention date, Nov. 6, 1945. [Classes 64(iii) and 123(ii)] Relates to heat - exchangers in which a fluid is conducted along a tube or tubes situated in a second fluid medium, an exchange of heat between the two media taking place through the tube walls. According to the invention, an element 2 for a heat exchanger comprises a rigid annular support 1 in which is placed one or more tubes 6 bent into a substantially flat multilooped figure lying within the support, the inlet and outlet ends of the tube or tubes passing through the support walls and held thereby. Furthermore the inner wall of the support forms part of the conduit for one fluid and the other fluid flows through the tube or tubes. An iron rod of U-shaped cross-section is bent to form a circular frame 1 and a tube 6 having alternate outer and inner loops 7, 8 has the outer loops 7 supported between the limbs 3, 4 of the frame 1 while the inner loops define a space 9. The ends 10, 11 of the tube 6 are taken through the frame 1 and provided with connections or ties 13. The frame 1 is lined with fireproof clay or refractory bricks 14 partially enclosing the outer loops 7 of the tube 6. The elements 2 are piled one upon another so that the frames 1 form the casing of a boiler or superheater. The joints are filled with fireproof clay or the like or an asbestos case may be provided. The combustion gases from a furnace pass between the tubes 6 carrying the fluid to be heated. Some of the inner loops 8 may be displaced out of the plane of the support and partially super-imposed on adjoining loops or supported on a helically wound tube 18, Fig. 6, arranged in the central spaces 9. The end 18a of the tube 18 is connected to an injector and the other end 18b is integral with a collector 39 to which the tubes 6 are connected by ties 13. Fig. 9 shows a boiler comprising a water heater 25 fed from a water-pump or an injector through a tubulure 26. The heater 25 is connected by a tubulure 27 to a member 28 leading to collectors 29, 30 which distribute the water through inlet tubes 31, 31a to the tubes in the elements 32 of the boiler shell heated by a furnace 36. The vapour generated in these tubes emerges through outlets 34, and collectors 33, to a member 35 feeding the driving apparatus. The elements 32 are held together between two flat rings by threaded rods. The frames of some of the elements 32 may have projecting pins to facilitate assembly by a lifting tackle. The inlet and outlet tubes are arranged vertically one above the other in a superheater, the feeding headers and steam collectors also being vertical. The individual elements of the superheater are arranged so that the steam collectors are opposite the steam inlets in the elements and the super heated steam collectors are connected to the outlets of the elements.