GB463890A - Improvements in the manufacture and production of agents suitable for improving lubricants - Google Patents

Abstract

Fatty acids of eight or more carbon atoms, containing one or more double bonds and/or hydroxyl groups, obtained synthetically or from drying or semi-drying animal or vegetable oils, e.g. whale, neatsfoot, soya bean, cottonseed, castor, rape, or linseed oils, are treated with a boron halide, preferably boron fluoride, at a temperature not below 50 DEG C. and preferably not above 160 DEG C. The acids may be polymerized alone or mixed with diluents, e.g. benzine, illuminating oil, or carbon tetrachloride, and the boron fluoride may be used as a gas, in addition compounds, or in solution, e.g. in nitrobenzene. The products may be after-treated with selective solvents, e.g. alcohols, ketones, phenols, esters, aldehydes, chlorhydrins, ethers and chlorinated ethers; nitrogenous compounds, e.g. nitrobenzene, aniline, or nitriles; liquid sulphur dioxide; low-boiling hydrocarbons, e.g. propane or butane; or mixtures thereof. The low-molecular extracts may be re-polymerized. In examples: (1) oleic acid is polymerized by boron fluoride and twice extracted by a mixture of amyl alcohol and acetonitrile; (2) ricinoleic acid is polymerized by boron fluoride. The products may be added to lubricants. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also the subject-matter of Specification 463,932, but this subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:Fatty acids of eight or more carbon atoms, containing one or more double bonds and/or hydroxyl groups, obtained synthetically or from drying or semi-drying animal and vegetable oils, e.g. whale, neatsfoot, soya bean, cottonseed, castor, rape, or linseed oils, are treated with a boron halide, preferably boron fluoride, at a temperature not below 50 DEG C. and preferably not above 160 DEG C. The acids may be polymerized alone or mixed with diluents, e.g. benzine, illuminating oil, or carbon tetrachloride, and the boron fluoride may be used as a gas, in addition compounds, or in solution, e.g. in nitrobenzene. The products may be treated with selective solvents, e.g. alcohols, ketones, phenols, esters, aldehydes, chlorhydrins, ethers and chlorinated ethers; nitrogenous compounds, e.g. nitrobenzene, aniline, or nitriles; liquid sulphur dioxide; low-boiling hydrocarbons, e.g. propane or butane; or mixtures thereof. The products are suitable for additions to lubricants for increasing viscosity, improving the viscosity-temperature curve, reducing formation of sludge and pitch, and lowering the pour-point; the high-molecular fractions left by solvent extraction are suitable as anti-oxidants, as pour-point depressants, and for reducing formation of asphalt, and the low-molecular portions may be re-polymerized. In examples: (1) the three products obtained by polymerizing oleic acid with boron fluoride, and by extracting once or twice with a mixture of amyl alcohol and acetonitrile; and (2) the product obtained by polymerizing ricinoleic acid with boron fluoride; are added to lubricating-oils. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also the subject-matter of Specification 463,932, but this does not appear in the Specification as accepted.