GB2155067A - Needled pile fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for the finishing of textile fabrics, by means of which textile fabrics for outer clothing, upholstered furniture and vehicle seat covers and for decorative purposes preferably made from yarns in the yarn thickness range which is typical of carded wool yarns and/or from worsted yarns (for example ring yarns, open end yarns, MJS yarns, friction yarns) may be adapted as desired using the surface formation process. Textile fabrics or thread warps may be supplied for a stitching process on their own or together with widely varying textile fabrics (for example fleeces, cloth, foam, etc.). As a result of the stitching process, in which felting needles, preferably CB slotted needles, displace at a rate of 50-1200 stitches per square centimetre the fibres from one layer into the other, there is produced a permanent layering which may, however, also be cut for the production of textile articles with a pile.

Description

SPECIFICATION A method for the finishing of textile articles The method is directed to the finishing of textile articles and fabrics made of yarns in the yarn thickness range which is typical for carded wool yarns and/or or worsted yarns for outer garments, upholstered furniture covers and vehicle seat covers as well as for decoration.

Methods are known in accordance with which coarse-mesh support fabrics with pre-stiffened fleeces may be compressed, by multiple stitching, into composite layer structures for industrial textile and floor coverings.

It is known from German Offenlegungsschrift 2 522 871 that fabrics for covering furniture may be provided with a greater volume and coarseness and improved non-slip properties, by a multiple stitching process.

The known methods are only directed either to produce an independent textile article as a composite layer structure, or to make the fabric more bulky orto produce a surface having a pile.

The present invention is directed to the development of a finishing method by which textile fabrics for outer garments, upholstered furniture covers and vehicle seat covers as well as for decoration made in particular from yarns in the yarn thickness range which is typical for carded wool yarns and/or of worsted yarns may be adapted as desired for different purposes of use in accordance with the surface formation process.

According to the present invention there is provided a method for the finishing of textile articles or textile thread warps acting as webs to be finished, and made from yarns in the range of yarn thicknesses which is typical for carded wool yarns and/or from worsted yarns for outer garments, upholstered furniture and vehicle seat covers or for decoration, characterised in that the web to be finished is a textile fabric of ring yarn or open end rotor yarn or MJS (Murata Jet) yarn or friction yarn or Sirospun yarns or a mixture of the above yarns having one or more finishing surfaces preferably guided together in order to completely cover the upper and/or lower side, wherein a finishing surface consists in each case of:: fibres in the form of a fleece of wool or fibre mixtures which are typical of carded wool yarns with or without fancy fibres, with or without interspersed, colour contrasting naps and/or waves or flocks or ungraded thread arrangements or - a textile fabric which is different or identical in its material composition and/or pattern to the web to be finished or - an imitation fur or glining material and produces a layering which is supplied as a layered construction of at least one web to be finished and one finishing surface to a known multiple needle device and is stitched with 50--1200 stitches per square centimetre with felting needles, preferably CB slotted needles and in that the fibres carried with the felting needles are displaced in the stitching direction from one layer into the other, connect the layers and are drawn out from the upper surface up to the needle stitching depth as a pile, wherein the displaced fibres of at least one web to be finished and at least one finishing surface connect the layers in a permanent manner or are cut and form a pile.

The method enables at will subsequent action, in addition to the surface finishing process, on the material composition, the internal fibre/thread structure, the dyeing, the surface structure and the formation of fancy effects.

In addition, an optimum use of material and a high degree of productivity are possible as a result of a shortening of the method (with respect to conventional finishing methods as well as oversewing, felting, raising, embossing) or method substitution. The method is specifically directed to enable the use of yarns, produced in accordance with new, highly productive thread formation methods for fashionable outer clothing and for other purposes of use.

The invention is further directed to textile articles for outer garments, upholstered furniture or vehicle seat covers and for decorative purposes made from yarns in the yarn thickness range which is typical for carded wool yarns and/or from worsted yarns as webs to be finished in accordance with the surface formation method by means of stitching with finishing surfaces which consist of selected unspun fibrous materials and/or fabrics or thread warps which are different or identical in terms of their material composition or pattern.

The physical textile properties and the physiological properties of the clothing and/or the fashionable effects are therefore to be modified or designed for specific types of use and the conventionally required finishing processes are to be replaced or reduced.

Clearly a textile article made from yarns in the yarn thickness range which is typical for carded wool yarns and/or from worsted yarns, for example from rotor yarn or a thread warp of carded wool yarns, designated in the following as the web to be finished, is continuously drawn from a suitable known device. The web to be finished is contacted with a finishing surface which is preferably continuously supplied to cover the surface in the same direction and, in the majority of cases, at the same speed using known means.

The finishing surface may be a graded or nongraded, non-stiffened or pre-stiffened fibrous fleece which consists, for example, of wool, which is, for example, difficult to spin or short staple wool or of other fibre mixtures which are typical of carded wool yarns and/or of worsted yarns, for example rotor spun materials.

The finishing surface of fibre fleeces may contain fancy fibres such as, for example, mohair or kemp, and may contain colour-contrasting naps, waves or flocks.

The finishing surface may comprise a graded or ungraded thread arrangement.

The finishing surface may be a textile fabric which is identical or different with respect to its material composition and/or weave or pattern to the web to be finished, for example an imitation fur or a lining material. The surface mass of the finishing surface supplied is in each case identical to or smaller than the surface mass of the web to be finished.

The finishing surface may be supplied to the upper or to the lower side or to the upper and the lower side of the web to be finished, if necessary in a multiple manner, and preferably so that it completely covers the upper and/or lower side.

This produces a layered surface which is unstressed or wherein the layers have a different stress, which is moved on a known multiple needle device of a known one ortwo-sided needle felting machine.

Using a one or two-sided needle device of a known needle felting machine, stitching of the web to be finished with the finishing surface or the layering takes place with continuous drawing off.

The stitching is carried out with felting needles, and preferably with slotted or bearded needles at a rate of 5S1200 stitches per square centimetre if necessary with different stitch depths and frequencies in accordance with the pattern.

As a result of the stitching a displacement or insertion of the components of the fibre material, for.

example the natural fibres and/or fancy fibres or also the fibres of secondary raw materials which have been prepared takes place from the finishing surface into the web to be finished. Fibre portions are taken up by the movement of the bearded or slotted needles and carried in the stitching direction.

As fibre portions from all the layers or yarns penetrated, i.e. from the finishing surfaces and the webs to be finished, are carried in the slot in the stitching direction and the stitching direction may be diametral, fibre ends or loops are distributed in the stitching direction through the layers and partially above the surface.

The effect to be achieved may consist, at will, in: a) the addition of fibres from the finishing surface, for example wool, fancy fibres, to the webs to be finished, modification of the colouring, the fibre/ thread structure, and increase of the bulk as well as the improvement of the non-slip properties in particular in the case of thread patterns, b) the production of pile effects, if necessary with colour contrasts or pile length differences in accordance with the pattern without considerable material losses and additional method steps, c) the connection of two different textile articles with effects as mentioned under (a) or (b), d) the facing of defects in the webs to be finished, e) the connection of thread warps as webs to be finished with finishing surfaces, for example thread patterns or fleeces or fleeces with thread patterns by the connection of the different th read, fibre or th read/fibre systems at the stitching points to form independent textile articles with or without pile effects and good non-slip properties.

The fibre connections resulting from the displacement of the fibres from the finishing surface to the web to be finished and vice versa may be cut.

This provides a uniform pile on the cut surface.

The invention will now be described with reference to the following Examples:- EXAMPLE I Webs to be finished of yarns in the yarn thickness range which is typical for carded wool yarns and/or of worsted yarns constituted by open end rotor yarns, Murata jet (MJS) yarns, friction yarns or Sirospun yarns have a wool content which is in most cases less than 50%. Higher contents may only be provided with a considerable productivity decrease during the thread formation process. The conventional finishing process of the surface (for example by raising) is made considerably more difficult as a result of the specific thread structure, for example the open end of MJS yarns or Sirospun yarns, by the bulging or cornet effect.As a result of the stable round yarn cross-section and the small nap of these yarns, raising processes, which lead to considerable material losses, are frequently required. However, only the outer fibres of the yarn may be reached during the raising process.

In accordance with the invention, wool is additionally inserted in the web to be finished of this yarn by the supply of wool in finishing surfaces into the upper or lower side or on to the upper or lower side by subsequent multiple stitching from above or below or from above and below by means of needle felting machines. The needle heads of felting needles and preferably CB needles penetrate completely through the layers and project therefrom and fibre ends are carried via the slots from the full yarn cross-section of the web to be finished and the finishing surface up to the upper and/or lower side.

These fibre ends project partially from the web to be finished and form a surface similar two a pile. The pile is the longer, the largerthestitching depth and is the denser, the greater the number of stitches per quare centimetre.

EXAMPLE II In accordance with the invention it is possible for special purposes of use in extremely cold areas to use typical textile articles for outer garments as the web to be finished, to supply a finishing surface of secondary raw wool fleece and to connect the reverse side without impairing the front side.

In this case the stitching depth of the CB slotted needles does not pass through the surface of the web to be finished.

EXAMPLE Ill In accordance with the invention, the properties of a known carded wool yarn double cloth, in most cases with a heavily patterned, for example checked, reverse side may be achieved in that two textile articles which differ in their material composition, weave, pattern and colouring are guided together as the web to be finished and the finishing surface and a needle process is carried out from the reverse side, wherein the needle tips reach the upper or front side of the web to be finished.

Using a carded wool yarn textile article as the web to be finished, the finishing surface may also be a carded wool yarn cloth or a synthetic textile fabric having the properties of fur or lining material. In accordance with the purpose of use, a fleece of secondary raw fibres or even foam may be disposed between the two textile articles.

EXAMPLE IV In accordance with the invention, two identical carded wool yarn fabrics are guided together as the web to be finished with their front or upper sides facing one another. The upper surface has supplied to it in each case as the finishing surface an orientated fibre fleece of wool with or without fancy fibres or the like, preferably with long-staple fibres.

As a result of a two-sided stitching process the fibres from the finishing surface penetrate through one of the webs to be finished and into the second web to be finished, wherein the fibres from the webs to be finished take part in the fibre displacement in the stitching direction of the needles. If the two webs are drawn apart, after the stitching process, by the action of traction to an angle of up to one rightangle with respect to the needle board plane and are cut at the fibre displacement a short uniform pile is produced on both upper sides of the webs to be finished, for example in contrasting colours or as a blend of colours.

A fibre penetration which may be uniformly cut is produced when a web to be finished is used as a finishing surface and no fibre fleece is used.

EXAMPLE V In accordance with the invention, thread warps which are typical of carded wool yarns are used as the web to be finished and guided together with a fleece as the finishing surface, on which there is a graded thread arrangement at an angle of 1 0--170" with respect to the longitudinal direction of the finishing surface or an ungraded thread arrangement. If the web and the surface are subject to stitching at a rate of 100--500 stitches per square centimetre, thread displacements from one system into the other are produced in the area of th read crossings, in particular at the stitching points, so that a connection of the thread warp with the thread arrangement is produced.A solid textile fabric for outer garments is produced as a result of this connection and additional fibre displacement.

EXAMPLE VI In accordance with the invention, fancy fibres in the form of naps, waves, flocks or short fibres are interspersed by means of a known device on the reverse side of webs to be finished which consist of threads which are difficult to spin with fancy fibres or which contain no fancy fibres. The web is then supplied to a stitching device and stitched through from the reverse side such that the fancy fibres are woven into the fabric and are drawn in the needle stitching direction for the most part through the upper or front side of the web to be finished to an extent which depends on the depth of stitching.

Remains of the naps, waves or flocks are therefore visible on the reverse side to an extent which depends on the frequency of stitching and form, for example, colour effects.

Claims (7)

1. A method for the finishing of textile articles or textile thread warps acting as webs to be finished, and made from yarns in the range of yarn thicknesses which is typical for carded wool yarns and/or from worsted yarns for outer garments, upholstered furniture and vehicle seat covers or for decoration, characterised in that the web to be finished is a textile fabric of ring yarn or open end rotor yarn or MJS (Murata Jet) yarn or friction yarn or Sirospun yarns or a mixture of the above yarns having one or more finishing surfaces preferably guided together in order to completely cover the upper and/or lower side, wherein a finishing surface consists in each case of:: fibres in the form of a fleece of wool or fibre mixtures which are typical or carded wool yarns with or without fancy fibres, with or without interspersed, colour contrasting naps and/or waves or flocks or ungraded thread arrangements or - a textile fabric which is different or identical in its material composition and/or pattern to the web to be finished or -an imitation fur or glining material and produces a layering which is supplied as a layered construction of at least one web to be finished and one finishing surface to a known multiple needle device and is stitched with 50--1200 stitches per square centimetre with felting needles, preferably CB slotted needles and in that the fibres carried with the felting needles are displaced in the stitching direction from one layer into the other, connect the layers and are drawn out from the upper surface up to the needle stitching depth as a pile, wherein the displaced fibres of at least one web to be finished and at least one finishing surface connect the layers in a permanent manner or are cut and form a pile.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the surface mass of a finishing surface is in each case smaller than or identical to the surface mass of the web to be finished.

3. The method as claimed in claims 1 and 2, wherein the displaced fibres, the connecting fibres between the web to be finished and the finishing surface or between two webs to be finished are cut and the cut ends are the fibre ends of the pile.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the finishing surface or on the reverse side of the web to be finished interspersed fancy fibres or fibres of colour contrasting naps or waves or flocks in accordance with Example VI are pushed by felting needles preferably from the reverse side with a proportion of fibres in the stitching direction to the opposite side of the web to be finished or the layering and the proportion of fibres not taken up by the needles is connected as a residue with the web to be finished by displaced fibres.

5. A method substantially as hereinbefore described with particular reference to the Examples.

6. A method substantially as hereinbefore described.

7. A textile article whenever produced by the method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.