GB1584407A - Process for cleaning articles after electrolytic and/or chemical surface treatment - Google Patents
Process for cleaning articles after electrolytic and/or chemical surface treatment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1584407A GB1584407A GB33731/77A GB3373177A GB1584407A GB 1584407 A GB1584407 A GB 1584407A GB 33731/77 A GB33731/77 A GB 33731/77A GB 3373177 A GB3373177 A GB 3373177A GB 1584407 A GB1584407 A GB 1584407A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- solvent
- surface treatment
- articles
- electrolyte
- wetting agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 69
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000012756 surface treatment agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- BOSAWIQFTJIYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl BOSAWIQFTJIYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- YFSUTJLHUFNCNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorooctane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F YFSUTJLHUFNCNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 cetyl diethylamino Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JCRNSBKSAQHNIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dibutylnaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C(CCCC)=CC(CCCC)=C21 JCRNSBKSAQHNIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FPVVYTCTZKCSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol distearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC FPVVYTCTZKCSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HJTOASDACWFYMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M O=S(C(C(C(C(C(C(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(NC(C(C([N+](C(F)(F)F)(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)=O.[I-] Chemical compound O=S(C(C(C(C(C(C(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(NC(C(C([N+](C(F)(F)F)(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)=O.[I-] HJTOASDACWFYMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004141 Sodium laurylsulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FBZKSKPOLPJKMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cl-].C(CCCC)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH3+] Chemical compound [Cl-].C(CCCC)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH3+] FBZKSKPOLPJKMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000005827 chlorofluoro hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940100608 glycol distearate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001117 oleyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- RPACBEVZENYWOL-XFULWGLBSA-M sodium;(2r)-2-[6-(4-chlorophenoxy)hexyl]oxirane-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1OCCCCCC[C@]1(C(=O)[O-])CO1 RPACBEVZENYWOL-XFULWGLBSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 description 1
- WXQWKYFPCLREEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;ethanol Chemical compound N.CCO.CCO.CCO WXQWKYFPCLREEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- CEKJAYFBQARQNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Cd] CEKJAYFBQARQNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009388 chemical precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002101 lytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008237 rinsing water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940029284 trichlorofluoromethane Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
- C23G5/02—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D21/00—Processes for servicing or operating cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D21/08—Rinsing
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
- Cleaning Or Drying Semiconductors (AREA)
- Materials For Photolithography (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19762636993 DE2636993A1 (de) | 1976-08-13 | 1976-08-13 | Verfahren zur reinigung von gegenstaenden nach galvanischer und/oder chemischer oberflaechenbehandlung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1584407A true GB1584407A (en) | 1981-02-11 |
Family
ID=5985647
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB33731/77A Expired GB1584407A (en) | 1976-08-13 | 1977-08-11 | Process for cleaning articles after electrolytic and/or chemical surface treatment |
Country Status (19)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5322826A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| AT (1) | AT359801B (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| BE (1) | BE857757A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| BR (1) | BR7705280A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| CA (1) | CA1090238A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| CH (1) | CH631745A5 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| DD (1) | DD131187A5 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| DE (1) | DE2636993A1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| DK (1) | DK327677A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| ES (1) | ES461378A1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| FR (1) | FR2361479A1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| GB (1) | GB1584407A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| HU (1) | HU177756B (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| IT (1) | IT1085361B (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| NL (1) | NL7708481A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| NO (1) | NO772817L (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| RO (1) | RO73096A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| SE (1) | SE7709052L (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| YU (1) | YU178677A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5823479B2 (ja) * | 1978-06-02 | 1983-05-16 | 富士プラント工業株式会社 | 被メッキ物の付着メッキ液除去・回収方法 |
| DE3040037A1 (de) * | 1980-10-23 | 1982-05-13 | Defo-Chemie GmbH, 8000 München | Verfahren zur rueckgewinnung von wiederverwendungsfaehigen edelmetallhaltigen, waessrigen loesungen fuer galvanisierungsbaeder |
| DE3205736A1 (de) * | 1982-02-18 | 1983-08-25 | Langbein-Pfanhauser Werke Ag, 4040 Neuss | Verfahren fuer die loesungsmittelbehandlung von insbesondere metallischem behandlungsgut |
| CH663554A5 (fr) * | 1985-09-13 | 1987-12-31 | Serge Berruex | Procede de rincage de surfaces sans utilisation d'eau, et installation pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede. |
| DE4415548A1 (de) * | 1994-05-03 | 1995-11-09 | Frembgen Fritz Herbert | Verfahren zum Behandeln von elektrochemisch bearbeiteten Werkstücken |
| JP2012524165A (ja) * | 2009-04-16 | 2012-10-11 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | 表面処理された加工物からの金属塩含有イオン液体の除去及び再循環 |
| CN114277382B (zh) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-08-01 | 泰伦特生物工程股份有限公司 | 替代漂洗烘干工艺的切水清洗剂及制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4879133A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) * | 1972-01-25 | 1973-10-24 |
-
1976
- 1976-08-13 DE DE19762636993 patent/DE2636993A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1977
- 1977-07-18 YU YU01786/77A patent/YU178677A/xx unknown
- 1977-07-19 DK DK327677A patent/DK327677A/da unknown
- 1977-07-27 AT AT548477A patent/AT359801B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-08-01 NL NL7708481A patent/NL7708481A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-08-05 ES ES461378A patent/ES461378A1/es not_active Expired
- 1977-08-09 CH CH976877A patent/CH631745A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-08-09 IT IT26600/77A patent/IT1085361B/it active
- 1977-08-10 DD DD7700200515A patent/DD131187A5/xx unknown
- 1977-08-10 SE SE7709052A patent/SE7709052L/xx unknown
- 1977-08-10 RO RO7791321A patent/RO73096A/ro unknown
- 1977-08-10 BR BR7705280A patent/BR7705280A/pt unknown
- 1977-08-11 CA CA284,532A patent/CA1090238A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-08-11 NO NO772817A patent/NO772817L/no unknown
- 1977-08-11 GB GB33731/77A patent/GB1584407A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-08-12 HU HU77SCHE618A patent/HU177756B/hu unknown
- 1977-08-12 BE BE180142A patent/BE857757A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-08-12 JP JP9687477A patent/JPS5322826A/ja active Pending
- 1977-08-16 FR FR7725009A patent/FR2361479A1/fr active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| YU178677A (en) | 1982-08-31 |
| FR2361479B1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) | 1983-07-18 |
| BE857757A (fr) | 1978-02-13 |
| NL7708481A (nl) | 1978-02-15 |
| RO73096A (ro) | 1981-06-26 |
| CA1090238A (en) | 1980-11-25 |
| DE2636993A1 (de) | 1978-02-23 |
| JPS5322826A (en) | 1978-03-02 |
| HU177756B (en) | 1981-12-28 |
| SE7709052L (sv) | 1978-02-14 |
| BR7705280A (pt) | 1978-05-23 |
| DD131187A5 (de) | 1978-06-07 |
| NO772817L (no) | 1978-02-14 |
| ES461378A1 (es) | 1978-08-16 |
| CH631745A5 (en) | 1982-08-31 |
| FR2361479A1 (fr) | 1978-03-10 |
| AT359801B (de) | 1980-12-10 |
| DK327677A (da) | 1978-02-14 |
| IT1085361B (it) | 1985-05-28 |
| ATA548477A (de) | 1980-04-15 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949] | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |