FR3087464A1 - MOLD FOR CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS WITH INSERTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a mold for producing a concrete element provided with at least one sealed element (1) projecting inside the concrete element, the mold comprising a core comprising a core segment (40) and a remaining portion (30) of the core, the core segment being movable in translation with respect to the remaining portion along a transverse axis of the core between a closed position where the core segment and the remaining portion of the core are butted to form a closed wall of general shape adapted to an interior shape of the concrete element, and an open position allowing the release of the concrete element, the core segment comprising a main wall comprising an opening (46) for each element to be sealed , said opening comprising a lateral positioning element (47, 47a) of the element to be sealed with respect to the transverse axis, the core segment also comprising, to the right of each opening, a support and positioning means t ransversal (50) of the element to be sealed. The mold may also include a clamping device (60) arranged to immobilize the element to be sealed (1) resting on the support and transverse positioning means.

Description

Description Title of the invention: Mold for concrete construction elements with inserts Technical field

The invention relates to a mold for the production of concrete elements, that is to say construction elements or parts of concrete construction elements.

More specifically in this field, the invention relates to a mold suitable for producing concrete elements provided with at least one sealed element projecting inside the concrete element.

[0002] Prefabricated hollow concrete elements are currently used in particular in the field of public works and construction.

They are for example used to make conduits for networks, access shafts to underground networks, chests, and many other things.

To facilitate the movement of an operator in a pipe or an access shaft, elements such as rungs are sealed inside the concrete element.

Precast concrete elements are generally large in size, with dimensions ranging from a few tens of centimeters to a few meters, and they are therefore most often heavy.

The manufacture of concrete elements consists in pouring fresh concrete into a mold.

The molds are made in a known manner from steel, for example from cut, shaped and welded steel sheets.

They are generally in two or more parts, which are assembled before molding and then disassembled for the demoulding of the concrete elements.

The molds used are on the scale of the concrete elements to be produced and they must withstand the weight and pressure of the liquid concrete on the surfaces of the mold until the concrete element is demolded.

They can therefore be particularly heavy and difficult to handle, even using mechanical means.

For the production of hollow concrete elements, it is known to use a mold of the type comprising an outer casing and an inner casing commonly called a core.

The nucleus comprises a segment of the nucleus and a remaining part of the nucleus; the core segment is movable in translation with respect to the remaining part of the core along a transverse axis of the core between a closed position where the core segment and the remaining part of the core are butted to form a closed wall of general shape adapted to an interior shape of the concrete element, and an open position allowing the release of the concrete element.

[0005] According to a first technique, to produce concrete elements, fresh concrete is poured into a mold of the desired shape and then, after molding and before drying of the concrete, the element is removed from the mold and then left to dry on a support.

One difficulty is linked to the choice of the moisture content of the concrete when filling the mold.

The concrete must be sufficiently liquid to fill the mold homogeneously and at the same time sufficiently thick so that the molded and still wet object does not deform during demolding and then during drying. It is known to use vibrating means to shake the mold during filling to facilitate a homogeneous distribution of the liquid concrete in the mold.

This makes it possible to pour concrete with a lower humidity level, but in return requires substantial mechanical systems to stir the relatively heavy mold.

In addition, in practice, it is found that, even using vibrated molds, the molded elements deform one pcu upon drying out of the mold.

This is all the more true when a protruding element such as a rung is sealed in the concrete element.

[0006] According to a second technique, concrete is poured into the mold and then, after the concrete has dried, the element is removed from the mold.

As the concrete is dry on demoulding, the problems of deformation of the concrete elements after demolding are eliminated.

However, in addition to the difficulties in handling the molds linked to their weight and their size, this technique presents problems of sealing the molds, sealing which must be ensured throughout the drying period, which can last from a few hours to a few days.

To seal an element such as a rung in the internal wall of the concrete element, one technique consists in fixing on the core segment studs extending outside the core, in the space between the core and the outer wall of the mold.

After filling the mold and then demoulding, the removal of the studs gives way to recesses in which an operator can come and seal the rungs.

The main drawback of this technique is that, after drying, it requires manual intervention by an operator to position and seal the rung in the recesses.

As a variant, anchoring plugs can be positioned on the studs before the concrete is molded.

After filling the mold and then demoulding, the removal of the studs gives way to anchors sealed inside the concrete element.

The presence of anchoring pins certainly facilitates manual intervention for fixing the rungs, but it does not eliminate this manual operation.

Description of the invention 100081 The invention proposes a new mold for producing a concrete element provided with at least one sealed element projecting inside the concrete element, a mold comprising a core comprising a core segment and. a remaining part of the core, the core segment being movable in translation with respect to the remaining part along a transverse axis of the core between a closed position where the core segment and. the remaining part of the core are butted to form a closed wall of general shape adapted to an interior shape of the concrete element, and an open position allowing the release of the concrete element, the core segment comprising a main wall comprising an opening for each element to be sealed, said opening comprising an element for lateral positioning of the element to be sealed with respect to the transverse axis, the core segment also comprising, in line with each opening, a support means and transverse positioning of the element to be sealed.

[0009] The mold according to the invention thus comprises means for positioning and maintaining in position one or more protruding elements during molding and during drying in the mold so that the protruding element or elements are sealed in the precast concrete element.

Thus, no manual intervention is necessary after drying to seal protruding elements.

The opening may have a generally rectangular shape having a length in a transverse plane of the core and a height along an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the core which are substantially equal, with a clearance, to a length and a thickness of the element to be sealed, the lateral edges of the opening forming a lateral positioning element of the element to be sealed.

The side edges of the opening can be extended down a recess, to facilitate the placement of the element to be sealed in the core segment.

The support and transverse positioning means of the element to be sealed comprises at least one support element comprising a recess, a height of which is substantially equal to a thickness of the element to be sealed.

The specific shape of the support element and of its recess thus prevents any movement of the element to be sealed along the longitudinal axis of the core.

10012] The recess of the support element can be extended downwards by a suitable hollow to prevent movement of the element to be sealed along the transverse axis.

10013] The support and transverse positioning means of the element to be sealed may comprise two support elements positioned on either side of the opening, to prevent any rotation of the element to be sealed.

10014] The core segment may also comprise at least one clamping device for immobilizing the element to be sealed in abutment on the support and transverse positioning means.

By immobilizing the element to be sealed, the clamping device prevents any movement of the element to be sealed when filling the mold, in particular when concrete bears against the ends of the element to be sealed.

10015] According to one embodiment, the clamping device device may comprise a rod comprising, for each opening, a clamping means, the rod being movable in translation along a longitudinal axis parallel to a longitudinal axis of the core between a neutral position allowing the placement of the element to be sealed and a clamping position where the clamping element is arranged to immobilize the element to be sealed in co-operation with the support and transverse positioning means.

For each opening, the clamping means may include an elastic return tab comprising a first end integral with the rod and a second end arranged to cooperate with the support and transverse positioning means of the element to be sealed for immobilize the element to be sealed.

According to one embodiment, the second end of the elastic return tab may comprise a folded plate comprising a clamping portion extending in a plane substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the rod and arranged to come into contact with the element to be sealed when the rod is in the clamping position, said clamping part being extended by a guide part moving away from the rod to guide the plate during movement of the rod between the neutral position and the position of clamping.

The mold according to the invention may also include a sealing element such as a strip of flexible material of suitable shape and dimensions to close the opening after the element to be sealed has been put in place.

Brief description of the drawings

The invention will be better understood, and other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the light of the following description of examples of molds according to the invention.

These examples are given without limitation.

The description should be read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

[0020] [fig.1] is a perspective view of a mold according to the invention, open

[0021] [fig.2] is a perspective view of another mold, open,

[0022] [fig.3] is a perspective view of a core of the mold of Figure 1,

[0023] [fig.4] FIG. 4 is a side view of an element of the core of the mold of FIG. 2

Figure 5 is a perspective view of the core of Figure 1 in front view

[0025] [Fig.6] Figure 6 is a perspective view of the core of Figure 2, in rear view

[0026] [fig.71 FIG. 7 is a top view of an element to be sealed of the rung type.

In everything that follows, and more generally throughout the present text and in the drawings, the following conventions and definitions are used.

In a normal position of use, the mold is used placed on a substantially horizontal support.

Terms such as top, bottom, bottom, cover, are defined with respect to this position.

An internal (respectively external) surface of a wall of the mold corresponds to a surface located inside (respectively outside) of the mold when the latter is in the closed position.

For the production of hollow concrete elements, the mold comprises an outer casing and an inner casing commonly called a core.

A longitudinal axis Z-Z extending perpendicularly to the bottom of the mold and a transverse plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis is defined for the mold and for the core.

The longitudinal axis Z-Z is for example an axis of symmetry of the mold and / or of the core.

A height of the mold or of any part of the mold such as the core is defined along the longitudinal axis of the mold.

A cross section along a transverse plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis Z-Z of the mold defines a cross section in the form of a ring for the concrete element.

A transverse axis of the core is an axis of the transverse plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the core.

For an element to be sealed inside the concrete element, for example a rung, when said element to be sealed is positioned in the mold ready for molding, a main plane is a plane in which extends the 'element to be sealed, a working edge is an edge of the element to be sealed useful for the main function of the element to be sealed, a lateral axis is an axis parallel to the working edge and a transverse axis is an axis extending in the main plane perpendicular to the useful edge.

In the example of a rung positioned in a mold of generally cylindrical or frustoconical shape, the edge useful for the main function of the rung is the edge of the rung located in the foreground in front of a user, the transverse plane of the rung. The rung corresponds to a transverse plane of the mold, the lateral axis of the rung is parallel to the working edge and the transverse axis of the rung corresponds substantially to a transverse axis of the mold.

100301 Detailed description of embodiments of the invention 100311 As stated above, the invention relates to a mold for producing a concrete element provided with at least one sealed element projecting inside the concrete element.

In the examples shown, the element to be sealed 1 is a U-shaped rung (fig. 7), a bottom 2 of the U forming a useful edge of the rung on which a user can come to rest and the ends 3, 4 of the two lateral branches of the U forming anchoring elements of the rung intended to be sealed inside the concrete element.

Such a rung consists for example of a metal bar folded in a U or of a piece of rigid plastic material molded in the shape of a U.

As a variant, the element to be sealed may be a plate, for example of rectangular shape, of which an edge opposite to a useful edge is intended to be sealed in the concrete element.

100321 The mold shown in fig. 1 has a generally cylindrical shape, the mold shown in FIG. 2 has a general frustoconical shape.

The molds include an outer shell 10 and an inner shell 20 commonly referred to as a core.

The outer casing 10 here consists of two half-cylinders or half-truncated cones 11, 12 movable on a support 13 also forming a bottom of the mold.

The present invention relates more particularly to the core 20 of the mold which comprises a core segment 40 and a remaining part 30.

The core segment 40 is movable in translation with respect to the remaining part 30 along the transverse axis 42 of the core between a closed position (not shown) where the core segment 40 and the remaining part of the core 30 abut to form a closed wall of general shape adapted to an interior shape of the concrete element, and an open position allowing the release of the concrete element, in the presence of the sealed element (s).

In the examples shown, the core has a generally cylindrical (fig. 1, 3 to 5) or frustoconical (fig. 2, 6) shape with a longitudinal axis Z-Z perpendicular to the support 13.

In the example shown in FIG. 3, the mold segment 40 (mobile) is secured to the remaining part 30 (fixed) of the core by two rotating arms 31, 32 and it is set in motion by a hydraulic cylinder 33, a first end of which is secured to the core segment and a second end of which is integral with the remaining part 30 of the core.

The core segment 40 comprises a main wall 44 comprising an opening 46 for each element to be sealed.

The opening has a generally rectangular shape; it has a length in the transverse plane of the core substantially equal to a clearance close to a length of the useful edge of the element to be sealed 1; it has a height along an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the core which is substantially equal, with a clearance allowing the passage of the element to be sealed, to a thickness of the element to be sealed.

For a step 1 in the form of a U-shaped bar, the useful length and the thickness of the element 1 are respectively the length of the bottom of the U and the diameter of the bar.

100361 Each opening 46 is bordered here by two side edges 47, each extended downwards or upwards by a hollow 47a.

The two lateral edges 47 form, with the recesses 47a, a lateral positioning element of the element to be sealed along a main axis of the opening 46 perpendicular to the lateral edges 47.

100371 In the example shown, the core segment 40 also comprises, in line with each opening 46, two support elements 50 integral with the mold segment.

Each support element comprises a recess 51, a height of which is substantially equal to a thickness of the element to be sealed.

The recess 51 of the support element comprises a bottom 52 which can be extended by a hollow downwards.

In the example of Figures 4-5, the support elements are made in a metal plate folded in L; the recess 51 is cut from a main part of the L, one end of which is welded against the main wall 44 of the mold segment so that the recess 51 opens into the opening 46; the foot of the L has for its part here an end welded against a side wall of the mold segment.

In the example shown in FIG. 6, the support elements consist of a vertical flat metal rod 50 in which recesses (or notches) 51 are cut.

The support elements 50 form a means of support and transverse positioning of the element to be sealed 1.

According to the invention, the core segment comprises at least one clamping device 60 for immobilizing the element to be sealed in abutment on the support and transverse positioning means.

More precisely, according to one embodiment, the clamping device 60 comprises a rod 61 comprising, for each opening 46, a clamping means 62.

The rod 61 is movable in translation along a longitudinal axis parallel to the longitudinal axis ZZ of the core between a neutral position allowing the establishment of the element to be sealed and a clamping position where the clamping element 62 is arranged to immobilize the element to be sealed 1 in cooperation with the support and transverse positioning means.

In the example of fig. 1, 3 to 5, the clamping device comprises a single rod 61.

In the example of Figures 2, 6, the clamping device comprises two parallel rods 61.

In FIG. 4, the clamping device is shown in the clamping position, a rung being immobilized in one of the clamping elements 62.

In the examples shown, the rod or rods 61 are fixed to the core segment by two articulated arms 65; they are guided in translation along its longitudinal axis by guide means here constituted by plates 66 integral with the core segment 40 and comprising grooves in which the rod can slide; they are driven in translation by a handle 67.

The clamping means 62 comprises in the examples an elastic return tab 63 comprising a first end integral with the movable rod and a second end 64.

The second end of the elastic return tab comprises a folded plate 64 comprising a clamping part 64a extending in a plane substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the rod, extended by a guide part 64h.

The clamping part 64a is arranged to come into close contact (see fig. 4) with the element to be sealed 1 when the rod is in the clamping position so as to press the element to be sealed 1 against the support element 50 forming the means of support and transverse positioning.

The guide part 64h extends in a plane inclined with respect to the axis of the rod 61 to facilitate movement of the rod between the neutral position and the clamping position.

100411 A mold according to the invention may also comprise, for each opening, a strip of flexible material such as rubber of suitable shape and dimensions to close the opening 46 after the element to be sealed has been put in place.

In the example of FIG. 7, the strip 70 is here perforated with two holes of diameter smaller than the diameter of the ends 3, 4 of the element to be sealed onto which it is inserted by force.

Thus, when the step is placed in an opening of the mold segment, the strip 70 is immediately in place and pressed against the edges of the opening.

The mold according to the invention is used as follows.

The core segment 40 is first moved from the open position to the closed position so that the core segment 40 and the remaining part 30 of the core are butted.

Then, the elements to be sealed 1 are placed in the mold segment 40: each element to be sealed is inserted into an opening 46, guided by the recesses 51 of the support elements 50.

Finally, the strip 70 is put in place to seal the core.

The mold is thus ready for pouring concrete.

[Claim 1]

Claims (1)

Claims [Claim 1] Mold for producing a concrete element provided with at least one sealed element (1) projecting inside the concrete element, mold comprising a core comprising a core segment (40) and a remaining part (30 ) of the core, the core segment being movable in translation relative to the remaining part along a transverse axis of the core between a closed position where the core segment and the remaining part of the core are abutted to form a generally closed wall adapted to an interior shape of the concrete element, and an opening position allowing the concrete element to be released, the core segment comprising a main wall comprising an opening (46) for each element to be sealed, said opening comprising a lateral positioning element (47, 47a) of the element to be sealed with respect to the transverse axis, the core segment also comprising, at the level of each opening, a support and transverse positioning (50) of the element to be sealed. [Claim 2] A mold according to claim 1 wherein the opening has a generally rectangular shape having a length in a transverse plane of the core and a height along an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the core substantially equal to a length and a thickness of the element to be sealed, the lateral edges (47) of the opening forming a lateral positioning element of the element to be sealed (1). [Claim 3] Mold according to the preceding claim, in which the lateral edges are extended by a hollow (47a). [Claim 4] Mold according to one of claims 1 to 3 in which the support and transverse positioning means of the element to be sealed comprises at least one support element (50) comprising a recess (51) whose height is substantially equal to a thickness of the element to be sealed. [Claim 5] Mold according to the preceding claim, in which the support and transverse positioning means of the element to be sealed comprises two support elements positioned on either side of the opening. [Claim 6] Mold according to one of the preceding claims, in which the core segment (40) also comprises at least one clamping device (60) for immobilizing the element to be sealed (1) bearing on the support and positioning means transverse. [Claim 7] Mold according to the preceding claim in which said clamping device (60) comprises a rod (61) comprising, for each opening, a clamping means (62), the rod being movable in translation along a longitudinal axis parallel to a longitudinal axis of the core between a neutral position allowing the positioning of the element to be sealed and a clamping position where the clamping element is arranged to immobilize the element to be sealed in cooperation with the support and transverse positioning means. [Claim 8] Mold according to the preceding claim in which the clamping means (62) comprises an elastic return tab (63) comprising a first end integral with the rod (61) and a second end (62) arranged to cooperate with the support means and transverse positioning (50) of the element to be sealed (1) to immobilize the element to be sealed. [Claim 9] Mold according to the preceding claim, in which the second end (62) of the elastic return tab comprises a folded plate (64) comprising a clamping part (64a) extending in a plane substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the rod and arranged to come into contact with the element to be sealed (1) when the rod is in the clamping position, said clamping part being extended by a guide part (64b) moving away from the rod to guide the plate (64 ) when moving the rod between the neutral position and the clamping position. [Claim 10] Mold according to one of the preceding claims also comprising a sealing element such as a strip (70) of flexible material of suitable shape and dimensions to close the opening (46) after the element to be sealed has been placed (1). 1/4