FR3018842A1 - PROTECTIVE DEVICE, ESPECIALLY FOR FORMWORK OPERATIONS - Google Patents

Abstract

A protective device (1), in particular for shuttering operations, comprising at least one fastening member (4) adapted to be fixed to a vertical wall (9) and at least one railing (3) connected to said fastening member (4) and configured to extend past an aperture (91) formed in said vertical wall (9) so as to form a protection limiting the risk of an operator falling through said opening (91).

Description

The present invention relates to the field of forming a slab, a floor or a balcony by formwork. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention aims more particularly at improving the safety of operators during formwork operations. When constructing stepped buildings, it is known to form a floor in height by setting up a horizontal formwork platform comprising a support structure on which is mounted a formwork panel intended to receive the concrete. In practice, before pouring the concrete, the horizontal formwork platform is at a height greater than 2 m. In order to set up the formwork platform at the desired height, the operators use scaffolding or nacelles, which puts operators at risk of falling. In addition, such an installation is also costly in time and labor and requires laborious handling of heavy equipment. To overcome this drawback, it has been proposed formwork that can be assembled near the lower floor, at man's height, and can be brought to the final height while the operators remain on the lower floor. This type of lifting device is for example described by the application FR2967181 of SATECO FLOOR 25 which offers a telescopic support prop. In practice, when operators are located on the formwork platform, there is a risk of operators falling through the openings formed in the vertical concrete sails. Also, to ensure the safety of operators, safety barriers 30 may be placed on the formwork platform in front of said openings. Such safety barriers are supported on the formwork platform and have a large footprint, which increases their time of introduction and withdrawal. Moreover, such safety barriers are not stable when the formwork platform is moved by lifting devices and are likely to fall.

Finally, such safety barriers have a high mass, which has disadvantages during handling and increases the difficulty of operators. The invention therefore aims to overcome these disadvantages by providing a protection device to limit the risk of a fall operator from a formwork platform through an opening formed in a vertical wall. GENERAL PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION To this end, the invention relates to a protection device, in particular for formwork operations, comprising at least one fastening member adapted to be fixed to a vertical wall and at least one guardrail connected to said attachment member and configured to extend in front of an opening formed in said vertical wall so as to form a protection limiting the risk of an operator falling through said opening. Thanks to the invention, the safety of operators is ensured without relying on the formwork platform but by pressing on the vertical wall on which the opening is formed. Thus, the formwork platform can be lifted without hindrance, the protective device is not likely to fall. In addition, the opening is optimally protected by the guardrail which prevents any fall of an operator. Preferably, the railing is foldable so as to be able to adapt to any opening height and to allow the installation of the protective device on an opening regardless of the difference in height between the formwork platform and the opening . Preferably, the guardrail is suspended from said fastener member so as to extend vertically due to its weight during use. Thus, the railing can adapt to any wall configuration while forming an effective vertical protection in front of the opening. Preferably, the guardrail comprises at least one horizontal protective rail in order to cooperate with the lateral edges of the opening and thus withstand the weight of an operator to prevent it from falling. In addition, a guardrail with several smooth guards connected together is simple to fold. Preferably, said horizontal protection rail comprises at least one telescopic extension element in order to make it possible to lengthen the protection rail when the length of the opening to be protected is greater than the length of the protection rail. Preferably, said horizontal protective arm is connected to said fastening member 10 by at least one flexible element to allow the folding of the railing with the fastener and reduce the size of the protective device. More preferably, the guardrail comprises at least one protective net to form a continuous protective surface preventing, in particular, the fall of tools. Preferably, said fastening member has a hook shape for attaching to an upper edge of a vertical wall stably. In addition, this allows the railing to extend along the vertical wall, near the opening to protect. Preferably, said attachment member comprises a clamping mechanism to prevent accidental removal of the fastener. According to a preferred aspect, the protective device comprises a skirting board 25 mounted on a lower part of the railing in order to prevent an operator from walking outside a formwork platform. Advantageously, the protection device, preferably the attachment member, comprises at least one withdrawal socket adapted to cooperate with a removal tool in order to remove the protection device from a vertical wall. Preferably, the withdrawal socket is adapted to cooperate with a withdrawal pin. The protective device can thus be removed from a position remote from the fastener. The invention also relates to an assembly of a vertical wall having an opening and a protection device as presented above, the fastening member 20 of the protective device being fixed to the vertical wall and the guard body extending in front of said opening. Preferably, the guardrail comprises at least one horizontal protective arm bearing on the lateral edges of the opening so as to block any fall of an operator.

PRESENTATION OF THE FIGURES The invention will be better understood on reading the description which will follow, given solely by way of example, and referring to the appended drawings in which: FIG. 1 is a schematic representation in perspective of a device protection according to the invention in unfolded position; FIG. 2 is a schematic rear view of the device of FIG. 1; - Figure 3 is a schematic close representation of a fastener of the device of Figure 1; - Figure 4 is a schematic perspective representation of the device of Figure 1 in the folded position; - Figure 5 is a schematic side view of the device of Figure 4 - Figure 6 is a schematic perspective representation of a protection device according to the invention in unfolded position with a protective net; FIG. 7 is a diagrammatic side view of the device of FIG. 6; FIG. 8 is a representation of a protection device according to another embodiment in use position on a vertical wall; - Figure 9 is a close representation of the protective device of Figure 8; - Figure 10 is a schematic representation of a formwork platform and a protection device according to the invention, the formwork platform being in the low position; and - Figure 11 is a schematic representation of a formwork platform and a protection device according to the invention, the formwork platform being in the upper position.

It should be noted that the figures disclose the invention in detail to implement the invention, said figures can of course be used to better define the invention where appropriate.

DESCRIPTION OF ONE OR MORE MODES OF EMBODIMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, there is shown a protection device 1 capable of being mounted on a vertical wall in order to limit the risk of an operator falling to through an opening formed in said vertical wall during formwork operations, in particular, the formwork of a horizontal floor. It goes without saying that the protective device 1 could be used for any operation likely to cause a fall of an operator through a vertical wall opening (door, window, opening between two columns, etc.).

In this embodiment, again with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the protection device 1 comprises two attachment members 4 adapted to be fixed to a vertical wall (not shown) and a foldable railing 3 connected to said members. fastener 4, which is configured to extend in front of an opening formed in said vertical wall so as to form a protection limiting the risk of an operator falling through said opening. In this embodiment, the railing 3 comprises a lower part connected to a protective baseboard 2. In this example, the fastening members 4 are shown to cooperate with the upper edge of a vertical wall but it goes from itself that the shape of the attachment member 4 could be adapted to cooperate with various elements integral with the vertical wall (rings, etc.). In this embodiment, the two fasteners 4 of the protection device 1 are identical but it goes without saying that they could be different.

As illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 5, the fastening member 4 comprises a main body 41 which is integral with the railing 3 and an auxiliary body 42, bent vertically downwards, which is slidably mounted in the main body 41 so as to to allow the positioning of the fastener 4 on the upper edge of an upper wall, for example, a concrete web, in the manner of a hook. Referring to Figure 3, the auxiliary body 42 comprises a horizontal portion 42a slidably mounted in the main body 41 and a vertical portion 42b. The sliding of the auxiliary body 42 with respect to the main body 41 advantageously makes it possible to adapt to different thicknesses of a vertical wall as will be presented in the exemplary implementation.

Still with reference to FIGS. 3 and 5, the fastening member 4 further comprises a clamping mechanism 43 which is, in this example, secured to the main body 41. The clamping mechanism 43 comprises a clamping screw 44 configured to move horizontally so as to allow clamping of a vertical wall between the vertical portion 42b of the auxiliary body 42 and the clamping screw 44. It goes without saying that the protection device 1 could comprise a single fastener 4 or more than two fasteners 4 to adapt to different forms of vertical walls.

As illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, the lower part of the guardrail 3 comprises a skirting board 2. The skirting board 2 has a longitudinal body so as to form a safety on an edge of the formwork platform. Preferably, the protective skirting 2 is metallic and is formed by folding a sheet metal, preferably of rectangular shape. Referring to Figure 5, the baseboard 2 has a lower portion 21 of concave shape so as to allow the storage of the railing 3 in the folded position as will be presented later. The skirting board 2 further comprises an upper portion 22 forming a protective wall and which extends vertically as shown in Figure 1. Thus, the skirting board 2 can block the passage of a leg of an operator when the skirting board 2 rests on a formwork platform.

Still with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the protective skirting board 2 comprises two vertical notches 23 extending from its upper edge and which are adapted to receive the fastening members 4 when the protection device 1 is in the folded position as illustrated. In this example, the notches 23 pass through the entire height of the upper part 22 of the baseboard 2.35 In this embodiment, with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the guardrail 3 comprises two flexible elements. 31, each flexible element 31 extending vertically between an attachment member 4 and the skirting board 2. Preferably, each flexible element 31 is in the form of a rope or a strip to allow the Unfolding and Folding of the Railing 3. Referring to Figs 1 and 2, the guard rail 3 has three guard rails 32 which extend horizontally in the use position to prevent a operator to pass between the fastening members 4 and the skirting board 2. Nevertheless, it goes without saying that the number of rails could be different depending on the height of the opening. In this example, the protective rails 32 are arranged to be spaced in the position of use by a distance of about 50 cm. A protective rail 32 advantageously makes it possible to cooperate with the lateral edges of an opening in order to prevent the protection rail from passing therethrough. Preferably, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 3, each protection rail 32 is terminated at its end by an extension element 33, preferably telescopic, in order to increase the protection length of the protection rail 32 without impacting. its size. Such an extension element 33 makes it possible to adapt the protection device 1 to openings of great length. As illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7, the railing 3 may also comprise a protective net 34 in addition to or instead of the protective rails 32. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the protection device 1 could comprise several guard rails. independent bodies 3 and of different natures. Advantageously, with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5, the railing 3 can be folded to facilitate the storage of the protection device 1. For this purpose, certain protection rails 32 are stored in the lower part 21 of the baseboard of protection 2 as illustrated in FIG. 5. As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the skirting board 2 makes it possible, because of its weight, to participate in the tension of the flexible elements 31 of the railing 3 so that the latter remains vertical .

Another embodiment of the invention is described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9. The references used to describe elements of structure or function which are identical, equivalent or similar to those of the elements of FIGS. 1 to 3 are the same, to simplify the description. Moreover, the entire description of the embodiment of Figures 1 to 3 is not repeated, this description applies to the elements of Figures 8 and 9 when there are no incompatibilities. Only notable differences, structural and functional, are described.

In this second embodiment of the invention, with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9, the protective device 1 does not comprise a skirting board 2, the guard rail 3 extending vertically due to its weight alone, in particular, because of the weight of the protective rails 32.

The fastening members 4 comprise a clamping mechanism 43 adapted to clamp the main body 41 with the horizontal part 42a of the auxiliary body 42. In this example, the clamping mechanism 43 'comprises a clamping screw which passes through the bodies 41, 42 to tighten together as shown in Figure 9. Preferably, each fastener comprises a graduation to allow to adjust the clamping mechanism 43 'depending on the thickness of the web, prior to the establishment of the fastener 4 on the veil. Still with reference to FIG. 9, each fastening member 4 comprises a retraction plug 44 adapted to cooperate with a withdrawal tool, in particular a withdrawal peg 6, in order to be able to easily and rapidly remove the protection device. 1. In this example, the withdrawal plug 44 is formed at one end of the fastener 4, in particular, its main body 41 in order to be accessible by an operator located on a formwork platform in a low position . It goes without saying that the withdrawal plug 44 could be formed at another place, in particular, on the upper protective arm 32. Referring to FIG. 9, the withdrawal receptacle 44 is in the form of a slot vertical adapted to cooperate with a vertical tooth 62 of a withdrawal pin 6.

With reference to FIGS. 8 and 9, the withdrawal peg 6 comprises a handle 60 terminated at its free end by a head 61 comprising a vertical tooth 62 and a U-shaped tooth 63 whose concavity is turned downwards so as to allow suspend the withdrawal pin 6 to a protective arm 32 as shown in Figure 9. Thus, the withdrawal pin 6 is kept attached to the protection device 1 when the latter is used. The withdrawal peg 6 is thus directly accessible when the operator wants to remove the protective device 1. An example of implementation will be presented with reference to Figures 10 and 11 showing formwork operations in height of a floor. First, as illustrated in Figures 4 and 5, the protective device 1 has a small footprint during storage. The flexible elements 31 of the railing 3 advantageously allow to bring the protective rails 32 to fold the railing 3. In addition, in the storage position, the extension members 33 are not out of the protective rails 32 When the railing 3 comprises a baseboard 2, the fastening members 4 cooperate with the notches 23 of the baseboard 2 to minimize the bulk of the protection device 1.

Referring to Figure 10, there is shown a building under construction which comprises a lower horizontal floor 10 and vertical walls 9. For example, the lower floor 10 is here formed on the third floor of the building under construction. A vertical wall 9, which extends from the horizontal floor 10, comprises an opening 91 intended to receive a bay window.

To form the upper floor at the upper ends of the vertical walls 9, a plurality of lifting devices 11 are arranged on the lower floor 10 as shown in Figure 10. A formwork platform 7 is placed on the lifting devices. 11 to be raised at the upper ends of the vertical walls 9 as shown in Figure 11. Such steps are known to those skilled in the art, in particular by the patent application FR2967181 SATECO FLOOR and will not be presented more in details.

During the placement of the formwork platform 7 on the lifting devices 11, an operator installs the protection device 1 at the opening 91 in order to prevent any fall of an operator as illustrated in FIG. 10 .

To install the protection device 1, with reference to FIG. 10, the operator places the fastening members 4 on the upper edge 92 of the vertical wall 9 above the opening 91. Each fastening member 4 is tightened on the upper edge 92 so as to avoid any involuntary withdrawal. The tightening must not be excessive in order to be able to remove the fastener 4 by means of the withdrawal pin 6 as will be presented later. Once the fasteners 4 are positioned, the railing 3 unfolds to extend vertically under the effect of its weight as shown in Figures 8 and 10. With reference to Figure 8, the length of the protective rails 32 is adjusted so as to rest on the lateral edges of the opening 91. For this purpose, the operator acts, if necessary, on the extension members 33 of the protection rails 32. The opening 91 is thus blocked by the protective device 1. Thus, if an operator presses on a protective arm 32, it is retained by the support of the ends of the protective arm 32 on the wall 9. In other words, the protection device 1 allows to cover the opening 91 in the manner of a rigid curtain. Advantageously, when the protective device 1 comprises a lower plinth 2, depending on the length of the guardrail 3, the skirting board 2 bears on the formwork platform 7. The skirting board 2 makes it possible to prevent the operator does not put his foot outside the formwork platform 7 forming a raised edge at the end of the formwork platform 7. The security is improved.

Once the opening 91 protected, the operator can move freely and safely on the formwork platform 7, which improves productivity. If the length of the railing 3 is greater than the height separating the formwork platform 7 from the upper edge 92 of the vertical wall 9, the lower part of the guardrail 3 is folded because of the presence of the flexible strips 31 while the upper part remains stretched to block the opening 91. In other words, the protection device 1 allows optimum protection of the operators regardless of the height of the formwork platform 7 with respect to the protected opening 91.

To form the upper floor, the formwork platform 7 is lifted by the lifting devices 11, which causes the automatic folding of the railing 3. Indeed, the protective rails 32 connected by the flexible elements 31 are stacked at as you lift.

The operators can remove the protection device 1 by means of a withdrawal peg 6 whose vertical tooth 62 penetrates into the connection socket 44 of each fastener member 4 as illustrated in FIG. 9. The operator can thus lift without difficulty the fastener 4 in order to disengage it from the vertical wall 92 and thus disassemble the protective device 1. The protective device 1 can be removed before or after the lifting of the formwork platform 7. Because its small size in the storage position, the protective device 1 can be moved through a small-sized opening formed in the formwork platform 7.

Once the formwork platform 7 is raised and the protection device 1 removed, the liquid concrete is poured onto the formwork platform 7 to form the upper floor. Thanks to the protection device 1 according to the invention, the operators are protected at all times independently of the height and the dimension of the openings 91 formed in the vertical walls 9. In addition, the protection device 1 is simple to set up. and remove, which improves the productivity of the operators. Finally, the protection device 1 only slightly limits the space available on the formwork platform 7, which facilitates the work of the operators.

Claims (10)

REVENDICATIONS1. Protective device (1), in particular for shuttering operations, comprising at least one fastening member (4) adapted to be fixed to a vertical wall (9) and at least one railing (3) connected to said body fastener (4) and configured to extend past an aperture (91) formed in said vertical wall (9) to provide a protection against the risk of an operator falling through said opening (91). 2. Protection device according to claim 1, wherein the railing (3) is foldable. 3. Protective device according to one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the railing (3) is suspended from said fastening member (4) so as to extend vertically due to its weight during use . 4. Protection device according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the railing (3) comprises at least one horizontal protective rail (32). 5. Protection device according to claim 4, wherein said horizontal protective arm (32) is connected to said fastening member (4) by at least one flexible element (31). 6. Protection device according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the railing (3) comprises at least one protective net (34). 7. Protection device according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein said fastening member (4) has a hook shape. 8. Protection device according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein said fastening member (4) comprises a clamping mechanism (43, 43). 9. Protection device according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the protective device (1) comprises a baseboard (2) mounted on a lower portion of the railing (3). 10. An assembly of a vertical wall (9) having an opening (91) and a protection device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, the fastening member (4) of the protective device (1). ) being fixed to the vertical wall (9) and the railing (3) extending in front of said opening (91).