FR3011265A1 - JOINERY WITH SLIDING VANTAIL AUTOPORTEUR. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a building joinery comprising at least one sliding leaf, mounted in a fixed frame, comprising a threshold and a high cross member, said at least one leaf being self-supporting and equipped with at least one multidirectional load-bearing rolling element. , an opening of said leaf is broken down into at least two successive movements: - a release movement, causing said leaf of said closed position to a so-called unobstructed position, using means for disengaging said leaf, acting on a first side edge , said distal edge of said leaf so that it moves away from a reference plane corresponding to the closed position towards a sliding plane, the second lateral edge, said proximal edge, being maintained substantially in said reference plane; a sliding movement, by means of sliding guide means of said leaf, from said released position.

Description

Carpentry sliding door self-supporting. FIELD OF THE INVENTION The field of the invention is that of the openings of buildings, and in particular dwellings. More specifically, the invention relates to joinery designed to equip the bays in such a building, such as doors, French windows, windows ...

There are generally two main categories of carpentry: hinged joinery, having one or more leaves mounted on hinges, and thus rotatable, along an axis defined by these hinges, and joinery with one or more sliding leafs. The invention relates more precisely these windows using at least one sliding door. 2. Solutions of the Prior Art Most sliding door frames provide a rectilinear movement thereof along a rail provided for this purpose. When a fixed leaf, or dormant is provided, the sliding leaf is shifted relative to this frame, both in the open position in the closed position. This is unattractive, and inefficient: in fact, these systems introduce relatively significant aeraulic and thermal losses. More recently, it has been envisaged to provide joineries in which the dormant and opening leaves are aligned, in the closed position. The aesthetic appearance is thus improved in this closed position, and the losses are less important, in particular because, in the closed position, the sliding leaf can more effectively compress the seals provided for this purpose. Thus, casement windows are known, in which the sliding leaf is supported by hardware elements, which provide an opening and closing movement perpendicular to the plane of the bay, to place the sliding leaf is in the plane of the frame (closed position) is in a slide plane, offset, then allowing sliding of the sliding leaf. This approach, however, has several disadvantages. First of all, the hardware elements that allow the pulling out are relatively complex and cumbersome, because they must on the one hand ensure a precise displacement, and on the other hand they support all the weight of the sliding leaf (which can be very important, especially in the case of triple glazed systems). In addition, such an assembly is relatively bulky, especially in the lower part of the joinery, which imposes a relatively large threshold height, and therefore uncomfortable, and in particular incompatible with the requirements of the standards for the passage of persons with reduced mobility (PMR). In addition, this system is not ergonomic, the opening and closing movements, perpendicular to the plane of the bay, not being instinctive for an unsuspecting user. Finally, this movement requires a relatively large force, to compress the joints, when closing, and decompress, when opening. Another approach has been proposed in the patent document FR2739128. According to this document, the sliding leaf is mounted on rollers, guided in rails, using rollers having suitable shapes. This approach also has many disadvantages. First of all, like the previous one, the forces needed to compress and decompress the joints are very important, since all the joints must be compressed or decompressed simultaneously. In addition, the rail to guide the wheel, and the roller placed above it, introduces a significant height, annoying at the threshold, and not adapted to PMR. In addition, the use of such rollers guided in rails induced significant friction, making it difficult to move the leaf, particularly when it is heavy.

In general, these sliding systems also have the disadvantage of imposing a friction on the seals, which affects easy sliding, and deteriorates the joints, and reduces their effectiveness. 3. OBJECTIVES OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is in particular to overcome at least some of these disadvantages, according to the embodiments. More specifically, an object of the invention, according to at least one embodiment, is to provide a sliding door joinery flush (with a frame, another opening or a wall) in a closed position, which can be easily handled and intuitively by a user. In particular, an objective of the invention is, in at least one embodiment, to provide such a joinery, not requiring a major effort (compared to the prior art) to compress or decompress the joints, while ensuring good air and heat tightness. Another object of the invention is, according to at least one embodiment, to provide such a carpentry, whose threshold has a low height, and in particular respecting the expectations and standards concerning PMR. The invention also aims, according to at least one embodiment, to provide such a joinery, which is suitable for relatively heavy leaves, large and / or having triple glazing. Yet another object of the invention is, according to at least one embodiment, to provide such a carpentry, which is relatively simple to implement and implement, to assemble and adjust and which is sustainable in time.

The invention also aims, according to at least one embodiment, to allow the realization of new carpentry, aesthetically and technically, allowing for example the implementation of a sliding single leaf that allows a more 4. The invention as well as other objects which will appear more clearly later on are achieved by means of a building joinery comprising at least one sliding door, mounted in a frame, comprising a threshold, and can take at least two positions: a closed position, wherein said at least one leaf is in a first plane, said reference plane; an open position, wherein said at least one leaf is placed in a second plane, said sliding plane, substantially parallel to said reference plane. According to the invention, said at least one leaf is equipped with at least one self-supporting and multidirectional load-bearing rolling element, and an opening of said leaf is broken down into at least two successive movements: a release movement, driving said leaf of said closed position to a so-called disengaged position, using means for disengaging said leaf, acting on a first lateral edge, said distal edge, of said leaf so that it moves away from said reference plane towards said sliding plane the second lateral edge, said proximal edge, being maintained substantially in said sliding plane; a sliding movement, by means of sliding guide means of said leaf, from said released position. Closing occurs, of course, according to the same movement decomposition, inverted (the disengagement movement becoming a movement of finalizing the closure).

This new approach of the invention, combining the two known approaches (rotation, or opening to the French, then sliding) has many advantages. The decompression of the joints is facilitated, since it is carried out gradually, starting with the distal edge. It's the same for compression.

In addition, there is no sliding on the joints, the sliding leaf being cleared from them before starting sliding. According to the embodiments, relatively simple, solid and reliable joineries can be made, with a limited height threshold, complying with the PMR requirements, including for heavy and / or large leaves.

The approach of the invention makes it possible, for example, to produce a single leaf sliding, offering a greater bay clear, with a lower cost at the same width. In addition, the handling of the sliding panel and its locking / unlocking are simple and ergonomic.

According to a particular embodiment, said rolling element or elements comprise at least one ball kept free to rotate in a cage. This approach makes it possible to obtain an efficient displacement, the ball being able to move indifferently in all directions. According to a particular embodiment, said guide means comprise at least one guide pin movable in a rail integral with said threshold. Generally, in this case, the joinery implements two guide fingers each mounted on a fixed arm relative to said opening panel: a first finger associated with the distal edge of the leaf being associated with a first rail comprising a substantially arcuate guide portion a circle, allowing said disengagement movement, and a rectilinear guide portion allowing said sliding movement, and a second finger associated with the proximal edge of the leaf being associated with a second rail, comprising an S-shaped guide portion, guiding said opening panel from said reference plane to said sliding plane, allowing the beginning of said sliding movement, upon opening, and a rectilinear guide portion allowing said sliding movement to continue. Indeed, the motion decomposition of the invention requires that the two edges follow different guide paths. According to another particular embodiment, said rolling element or elements comprise at least one carriage carrying at least one wheel and at least one guide element cooperating with a complementary guide formed in the threshold of said joinery. This variant makes it possible, with respect to a ball, to reduce the force applied at a single point on the threshold.

In particular, in this case, said carriage comprises two wheels mounted on the same axis, said guide element or elements extending between said wheels, said guide elements comprising at least two vertical pins cooperating with a rib formed on said threshold or at less a vertical pin cooperating with a groove formed in said threshold.

This approach is very effective in practice. According to another particular characteristic, said guide means comprise at least one guide element associated with the upper part of said sliding leaf. Indeed, the upper part should preferably be guided relative to the upper cross member of the frame. According to a particular embodiment, said sliding leaf has, at its proximal edge, at least one disengageable hinge element, making it possible to control said disengagement movement by cooperating with a complementary element of the frame, and disengaged from said complementary element during said sliding movement. It may especially be a "half-hinge", or hinge having a cutout for disengagement, in the released position. According to a particular feature, said sliding leaf has a handle on said distal edge, to control the locking of said leaf and its displacement. In an alternative embodiment, adapted in particular to a sliding wall, for example in or along a wall, said sliding leaf has a handle on said proximal edge, to control the locking of said leaf and its movement, and acting, via transmission means, on at least one offset element of said leaf in the vicinity of said distal edge. 5. List of figures These characteristics, as well as others, will emerge more clearly on reading the following description of embodiment, given as simple illustrative and non-limiting examples, and the appended figures, among which: Figure 1 is a schematic view of an example of carpentry embodying the invention; - Figures 2A to 2D are simplified sectional views, seen from above, of the carpentry of Figure 1, respectively showing in Figure 2A: closed position; Figure 2B: release movement; FIG. 2C: intermediate movement; 2D figure: sliding movement; - Figures 3A and 3B show, seen from above, the lower part of the joinery, according to a first embodiment, respectively in: Figure 3A: closed position; Figure 3B: open position; - Figures 4A and 4B are partial partial sections of the lower part of the joinery, according to this first embodiment, respectively: Figure 4A: in the closed position; Figure 4B: in open position; - Figure 5 schematically illustrates an example of unlocking means and locking the leaf; - Figures 6A and 6B are simplified sections, seen from above, unlocking and locking means of Figure 5, respectively: Figure 6A: in the closed position; Figure 6B: in the open position; FIGS. 7A and 7B illustrate a variant of the first embodiment, implementing a system for assisting the closing of the door, respectively: FIG. 7A: in closed position; Figure 7B: in the open position; Figure 8 is a schematic section of the lower part of the sliding leaf, according to a second embodiment; Figure 9 schematically illustrates the guidance of the movable leaf, in this second embodiment; Figure 10 schematically illustrates the guide implemented in the upper part of the joinery, in this second embodiment; FIGS. 11A and 11B are principle sections of the lower part of the joinery, in this second embodiment, respectively: FIG. 11A: in closed position; Figure 11B: in the open position; Figure 12 is a section of the principle of the upper part of this joinery, in the open position; 13A to 13D schematically illustrate the displacement of the sliding leaf, according to a variant, adapted in particular for a wall mounting, respectively in: Figure 13A: closed position; Figure 13B: release movement; figure 13C: intermediate movement; figure 13D: sliding movement; FIGS. 14A and 14B are principle sections of the lower part of the joinery, presenting more precisely the means allowing the clearance, according to one embodiment, respectively: FIG. 14A: in the closed position; Figure 14B: in open position; FIGS. 15A and 15B schematically illustrate another variant of the invention, adaptable to the various embodiments described above, in which the rolling ball elements are replaced by a carriage provided with two wheels respectively: FIG. 15A: for the purpose of side (in the plane of the bay); Figure 15B: front view; Figure 16 illustrates a variant of the carriage guidance system of Figures 15A and 15B. 6. Examples of implementation 6.1 General principle The invention is therefore based on a new approach to sliding window frames, based in particular on a decomposition of the opening movement of the door, or sliding door, in two movements: a movement of clearance, which is essentially a tilting movement, or quasi-tilting (around an axis of rotation, which can move very slightly, in particular according to the reference plane); a sliding movement which comprises, initially a movement in S, for the proximal edge, then a translation parallel to the plane of the bay. The closing of the door implements, of course, the same decomposition of movement, in the opposite direction. This approach has many advantages. First of all, the decompression of the joints during the opening, is done gradually, first by the side edge, then gradually, as and when the release tilt, in the upper part, then for the other edge lateral, in the same way for a traditional hinged door. It is therefore no longer necessary, unlike the prior art to apply a large force, to simultaneously decompress all joints.

The principle is of course identical for the closing of the door (the "clearance" corresponding to the final closure, including the progressive compression of the joints, and, at least according to some embodiments, the opening and closing are particularly natural and intuitive, for a user, since these operations are similar to those that are implemented for a hinged door.

The approach of the invention is also suitable for any type of joinery, including windows, French doors or doors, including large areas and / or heavy weight because the sliding panel is equipped with rolling elements of load recovery, self-supporting and multidirectional, which roll on the threshold of the joinery. Subsequently, the case of a French window composed of a fixed leaf and a sliding leaf is illustrated, coming to face the fixed leaf in the fully open position, then the case of a French window presenting only sliding sliding door, retracting at least partly in a partition or a wall, in the open position. Of course, the invention can be implemented on many other types of joinery (doors, windows ...) and be adapted to different situations (with or without a frame, with several dormant leaves and / or several sliding leaves. .). 6.2 Illustration of the decomposition of movements, according to a first embodiment. FIG. 1 therefore illustrates an example of a French window embodying the invention. It comprises a frame 11, defining a frame intended to be secured to the edges of an open bay for example in a wall or a partition.

Two leaves are mounted in this frame 11: a fixed leaf, or dormant, 12, and a movable leaf, sliding, 13. According to the invention, in the closed position illustrated by Figure 1, the two leaves 12 and 13 are located in the same plane, called reference plane. A handle 14 mounted on the sliding leaf 13 on the leaf edge is substantially in the middle of the bay (in the closed position). This is a rotating handle. It allows the locking and unlocking of the sliding leaf 13, as well as the displacement thereof, according to the sequence of movements illustrated in Figures 2A to 2D. These Figures 2A to 2D schematically show the French window of Figure 1, seen from above. In Figure 2A, the French window is in the closed position, and the two leaves 12 and 13 extend in the reference plane, between the two tables 211 and 212 of the bay. After unlocking, for example by a quarter of a turn applied to the handle 14, the user pulls on the handle 14, to make a clearance (arrow A) of the leaf 13. This release implements a rotational movement, or almost rotation, of the sliding leaf 13 about an axis adjacent to the proximal lateral edge 131 of the leaf 13 (here called proximal edge the edge around which is made the rotation, and distal edge the edge remote from the axis of rotation). The distal edge 132 thus emerges from the reference plane, by performing the rotation A which brings it to a (or near a) plane parallel to the reference plane, said plane of sliding. In practice, because of the small angle required to pass from one plane to the other, can correspond substantially to a rectilinear portion of the rail (substantially perpendicular to the reference plane), especially if a game exists at the proximal edge.

This operation is intuitive for the user since it corresponds to the opening movement of a hinged door, and easy, the decompression of the seals being progressive. When the distal edge 132 reaches the sliding plane, the movement of the leaf 13 continues with sliding. As illustrated in FIG. 2C (arrow B), the distal edge 132 moves in the sliding plane by making an S-shaped motion, while the distal edge moves in S (arrow B) to come into the sliding plane. . Then, as illustrated in Figure 2D, the leaf 13 can be moved in the sliding plane (arrow C).

Closing occurs in the reverse sequence. 6.3 first embodiment According to the invention, the sliding leaf 13 is mounted on at least one rolling element on the threshold of the frame 11, and self-supporting. The weight of the leaf rests on this or these rolling elements (of which there are two in the examples illustrated below, but this number can be adapted, in particular according to the weight of the leaf, the dimensions and the movement of the latter). These self-supporting rolling elements ensure effective load recovery, compared to disengaging systems in particular. They are multidirectional, that is, they can easily follow the movements described above. According to a first embodiment, these rolling elements are each constituted by a ball 31, 32 kept free to rotate in a cage, and can roll on the threshold 33, in grooves 34, 35 formed in the latter. In this embodiment, the grooves 34 and 35 are connected. They can also be independent. The cage contains a plurality of balls of reduced size, relative to the support ball 31, 32, rolling on it and allowing an efficient and fluid rotation thereof in all directions. Figure 3A shows the closed position. In this position, the ball 31 is housed at the end 331 of the groove 33, and the ball 32 in a notch 341, defining substantially an arc of a circle, corresponding to the release movement. When this disengagement movement is effected, the sliding leaf 13 moves to the position illustrated in FIG. 3B. It is found that the ball 31 has moved along the notch 341, to be placed in the rectilinear portion 342 of the groove 34. The proximal edge 131 of the leaf 13 has a groove which is housed in a vertical rib 35 of the chassis. Thus, this proximal edge 131 pivots around the rib 35, which substantially forms the axis of rotation during the disengagement movement.

After this clearance, the ball 31 flows in the rectilinear portion 342, and the ball 32 first follows the movement of the portion S 332, then flows in the straight portion 333. Figures 4A and 4B are sectional views from the base of the leaf 13, at the level of the ball 31.

In Figure 4A, the leaf 13 is in the closed position, and the ball is in the portion 331 of the groove 33. This is for example made of stainless steel. It has here a curved upper part, receiving the ball, and a lower hollow part, including collecting dust, gravel or the like.

In FIG. 4B, the leaf 13 has passed in the plane of sliding, the ball 31 having followed the groove 33 formed on the threshold 41. 6.4 unlocking and locking of the sliding leaf Several solutions, known per se, can be used to lock and unlock the door. An example of a new implementation is illustrated in FIGS. 5, 6A and 6B. FIGS. 6A and 6B are simplified sections, seen from above, unlocking and locking means of FIG. 5. Two fixed pins 51 and 52 are provided, respectively on the upper parts 53 and lower 54 of the frame, and the leaf 13 door inclined two faces 53 and 54, cooperating with the pins 51 and 52 respectively. These inclined faces are movable in translation from the position of Figure 6A to that of Figure 6B. This translation is controlled by the handle 14, via a rack 55. In the closed position of FIG. 6A, the inclined face 53 bears against the pin 51, keeping the leaf 13 in the closed position, and locked. . The actuation of the handle 14 (arrow E) drives the inclined face 53 (arrow D), gradually releasing the leaf, until reaching the position of Figure 6B, in which the inclined portion 53 is clear of the pin 51, this which allows the release movement. 6.5 variant embodiment: closure aid To facilitate the closing of the leaf 13, it is possible to add an articulated arm 71, as illustrated by the sections of FIGS. 7A and 7B. This arm 71 is provided at its first end with a roller 72, rolling in a groove 73 formed on the edge of the threshold, for example in the form of a profile.

The second end of the arm 71 is housed in the leaf, substantially above the ball 51. A return spring 73 acts on the arm 72, tending to return it to the closed position of FIG. 7A. 6.6 second embodiment: balls rolling on the threshold surface According to a second embodiment, illustrated schematically in Figures 8 to 12, the balls 51, 52 roll on the flat surface of the threshold 81, without guide grooves. To ensure the guiding of these balls, provision is made for guiding elements, in the form of one or more fingers 82, guided in a corresponding guide rail 83, 84, formed in the threshold 81. This finger 82 is offset by relative to the ball, and secured to the cage 85. The rails 83 and 84 are illustrated schematically in Figure 9. The finger 82 moves in the rail 83, and controls the movement of the ball 51. The finger 91 moves in the rail 84, and controls the movement of the ball 92.

It can be seen that the shapes of rails 83 and 84 make it possible to ensure the same movements (clearance then sliding) as detailed previously. The portion 841, substantially perpendicular to the reference plane, of the rail 84 makes it possible to control the clearance. At the same time, the finger 82 moves slightly in the rail portion 831, remaining substantially in the reference plane. In this position, the corresponding proximal edge remains guided relative to the frame, to allow a pseudo rotation. In a second step (end of the release, or intermediate movement), the finger 92 is guided in circular arc 842, to join the rectilinear portion 843. Simultaneously, the finger 82 is guided in a portion S 832, to join the straight portion 843. Then, the fingers 82 and 91 slide along the two straight rail portions 833 and 843. A guide is provided in the upper part of the leaf 13, as shown schematically in Figure 10, for the distal side of this leaf . A finger 101 is guided in a rail 102, defining the same guide path as for the corresponding finger 91 guided in the lower part. A second rail 103, not detailed, is provided for a finger associated with the proximal edge. Figures 11A and 11B are sectional views of the lower part of the leaf, respectively in the closed position and in the open position, at the ball 51 associated with the proximal edge of the leaf. The ball 51 is housed in a cage 111, allowing its rotation in all directions, on the surface of the threshold 112. This cage 111 is secured to the base of the sliding leaf 13, which it supports. The cage (and / or directly the base of the leaf) is connected to the guide finger 113, via a rigid arm 114.

The finger 113 is guided by the rail 115 formed on (and / or, according to the implementations) the threshold 112, to ensure first, during the opening, the passage of the reference plane (FIG. 11A) to the sliding plane (FIG. 11B). In this latter position, the cage may come into abutment along a stop 116 formed on the threshold. It is possible to note, in FIG. 11A in particular, the small thickness H of the threshold, adapted to the requirements relating to PMRs. Figure 12 illustrates the guidance in the upper part of the sliding leaf, according to a similar approach. A rail 121 is defined in the frame 122, in which a finger 123 is connected to the upper part 124 of the leaf 13, via an arm 125. 6.7 implementation variant: opening to a partition According to an alternative embodiment, the The invention may allow a sliding of the door leaf sliding outwardly of the bay, in particular to achieve a pocket opening. This approach is illustrated by Figures 13A-13D. As in FIGS. 2A to 2D, there is shown here a bay equipped with a fixed leaf 12 and a sliding leaf 13. However, it is here provided that the sliding panel 13 does not move opposite the sleeping panel but out of the bay, along (or inside) a wall or partition 131. It is of course understood that, in this embodiment, the dormant panel is optional.

The two movements of release then sliding according to the invention are also implemented. However, an offset of the actuation of the clearance is provided, the handle 132 being, in this embodiment, placed on the proximal side 133 of the panel 13, and the disengagement displacement must always be performed on the distal side 134. For this, the handle 132 acts on particular means of clearance 135, via suitable transmission means 136 (espagnolette, racks, linkage ...). An example of implementation of these means of release is discussed below, with Figures 14A and 14B.

Once the clearance is achieved, as shown in Figure 13B, the sliding is performed in two stages, similar to what has been explained above. The panel 13 is first brought back into the sliding plane (FIG. 13C) and then slides facing the wall 131 (FIG. 13D). 6.8 Example of remote clearance control As illustrated by Figures 14A and 14B, the remote clearance means 135 may for example comprise a compass, formed of two branches 141 and 142, and whose movement is controlled via the handle. One end of the branch 141 carries a finger 143, guided in a rectilinear rail 144 (the clearance being provided by the compass), to ensure the sliding. 6.9 Implementation of Rollers The embodiments described above is based on the use of balls, to ensure the rolling on the threshold. Other approaches can of course be considered, to implement the same movements of release then sliding, for opening (and vice versa, for closing). In particular, the ball may be replaced by a wheel, mounted on a remote axis to enable it to be multidirectional.

According to another approach, illustrated schematically in FIGS. 15A (side view), 15B (front view), two carriages are used with two coaxial wheels 151, 152 mounted on a carriage 153, supporting the sliding leaf 13. This carriage 153 is guided by a rib 154 formed on the threshold 155, and defining the path that must follow each carriage to perform the movements of release and sliding. The base of the carriage may in particular be equipped with lugs 156, 157 (advantageously four in number, two on each side of the rib 154) extending vertically. Thus, the carriage is perfectly guided, and can follow the imposed route.

Alternatively, and as illustrated in FIG. 16, the rib 154 may be replaced by a groove 161, in which one or more lugs 162. circulate. 6.10 variants and options As indicated above, the invention may be implemented in a number of ways. situations and applications (doors, French windows, windows ..., number of variable mobile and dormant panels, pocket openings ...). The mobile panel can be easily motorized. Joinery can include double or triple glazing, including breathable, and integrate a blind between two windows, for example Venetian type, as shown in some of the figures. They are suitable for renovation, and can be made of aluminum, wood or plastic. It may also be noted that the invention allows a traditional lock on the door jamb on the handle side, for example by rack actuated by the handle. However, the invention advantageously allows the handle is in the center of the bay, in the case of a joinery with two leaves.

Claims (10)

REVENDICATIONS1. Building joinery comprising at least one sliding leaf, mounted in a fixed frame, comprising a threshold, and capable of taking at least two positions: a closed position, in which said at least one leaf is in a first plane, referred to as a reference plane ; an open position, in which said at least one leaf is placed in a second plane, called the sliding plane, substantially parallel to said reference plane, characterized in that said at least one leaf is equipped with at least one rolling element of recovery self-supporting and multidirectional load, and in that an opening of said leaf is broken down into at least two successive movements: a release movement, causing said leaf of said closed position to a so-called unobstructed position, by means of disengagement means said leaf, acting on a first lateral edge, said distal edge, said leaf so that it moves away from said reference plane to said sliding plane, the second lateral edge, said proximal edge, being maintained substantially in said plane of sliding; a sliding movement, by means of sliding guide means of said leaf, from said released position. 2. Carpentry according to claim 1, characterized in that said rolling element or elements comprise at least one ball kept free in rotation in a cage. 3. Carpentry according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that said guide means comprise at least one guide pin, movable in a rail secured to said threshold. 4. Carpentry according to claim 3, characterized in that it implements two guide fingers each mounted on a fixed arm relative to said ouvrant panel, a first finger associated with the distal edge of the leaf being associated with a first rail comprising a portion substantially circular arc guide, allowing said disengagement movement, and a rectilinear guide portion allowing said sliding movement, and a second finger associated with the proximal edge of the leaf being associated with a second rail, comprising an S guide portion guiding said opening panel of said reference plane towards said sliding plane, allowing the beginning of said sliding movement, upon opening, and a rectilinear guide portion allowing said sliding movement to continue. 5. Carpentry according to claim 1, characterized in that said rolling element or elements comprise at least one carriage carrying at least one wheel and at least one guide element cooperating with a complementary guide formed in the threshold of said joinery. 6. Carpentry according to claim 5, characterized in that said carriage comprises two wheels mounted on the same axis, said guide element or members extending between said wheels, said guide elements comprising at least two vertical pins cooperating with a rib formed on said threshold or at least one vertical pin cooperating with a groove formed in said threshold. 7. Carpentry according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said guide means comprise at least one guide element associated with the upper part of said sliding leaf. 8. Carpentry according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said sliding leaf has, at its proximal edge, at least one detachable hinge element, for controlling said disengagement movement cooperating with an element complementary to the chassis, and disengaged from said complementary element during said sliding movement. 9. Carpentry according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said sliding leaf has a handle on said distal edge, for controlling the locking of said leaf and its displacement. 10. Carpentry according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said sliding leaf has a handle on said proximal edge, to control the locking of said leaf and its movement, and acting via transmission means, on at least one element for shifting said leaf in the vicinity of said distal edge.