FR2958379A1 - System for integrating set of rectangular energy solar panels in roof e.g. slate roof, has peripheral elements comprising flaps of covers and screens to assure continuity of sealing of roof by utilizing solar panel cover - Google Patents

Abstract

The system has a support of rectangular solar panels placed on identical elements i.e. spiders (Cr), that are positioned and anchored on parallel rails (Ra) by claws. A grid network is formed by the solar panels. A plate (Ac) fixes the solar panels under a plating network. An integrated element of grid of infiltrated runoff water pipelines are provided under surfaces of the solar panels. Peripheral elements comprise flaps (Bb, Bh, B1) of covers (Cs, Ci) and screens to assure continuity of sealing of a roof by utilizing a solar panel cover.

Description

Sealing system and support for the integration of solar panels

The integration of photovoltaic panels (or other elements) in place of the roof covering (different tiles, slates, etc.) is an aesthetically more acceptable solution than simply superposition on the roof. This integration, for realizations in France, must meet specific criteria to benefit from particularly attractive sales prices for electricity produced by photovoltaic panels. See: Order of January 12, 20101 Article 2 of Decree No. 2000-1196 of December 6, 2000.

It seems obvious to us that the applications in this field, after a break-in period, in France, more or less hasty and disordered, will know an important development. The performance of photovoltaic panels is constantly increasing and the reliability is such that the lifetime, with acceptable performance, announced by manufacturers, is currently at least two decades. The general conditions of implementation of these systems must offer all the corresponding guarantees, both in terms of duration and functionality, insofar as these constructions are, by definition, exposed to climatic hazards. The present invention, which is distinguished in its design of the solutions that have allowed us to see a recent search for anteriority, responds to the concern to ensure: a / - For the entire installation carried out, reliability at least to the height given for the panels, as regards the intrinsic quality of the support structures of the panels. b / - Perennial sealing conditions. cl- An industrial production of the different components. dl- Rational installation, on roof, due to: - the modular design, - the reduced size and weight of the components, - the ease of alignment adjustments and corresponding fasteners. The integration of solar panels (Pv) on the roof must, in our opinion, fulfill the following conditions: - Integrate in place of the covering elements, in the surface concerned. - Ensure the waterproofness of the roof, in continuity in the occupied space. - Allow good underlying ventilation. 35 - Ensure the removability of the panels, without affecting the sealing members. The link panel / support will not be decisive for the seal. - Provide for the installation of an electrical safety device on this zone, potentially dangerous, because of the voltages generated by the system. The present invention conceptualizes the parts and the mode of arrangement of a complete system of support with integrated solar panels, within different types of cover: tiles, slates, etc. The whole constitutes a universal solution and industrial integration of all the constituent parts of solar energy generators on roof (photovoltaic and / or thermal) including the elements of measurement, control and electronic regulation, arranged at 45 source, which appear in the most recent developments. Principle (Planchel) :. The support itself, panels, consists of parallel rails fixed on the frame, on which are arranged supports that form the nodes of a grid formed by a set of panels. The construction laid on 50 rails, fixed to the frame, is articulated around a single element, which we will call: brace (Cr). The braces are fixed on rails (Ra).

The spacing between rails and the distance between braces are determined by the size of the panels. The latter (Pv) are fixed at their end on a support (Ac) adapted to the spider. The braces support and integrate a network of channels (channels), which collects and removes water infiltrated in the intervals between panels. The channels fit and are fixed on the braces. The downstream channels, in the direction of the slope of the roof, (Cav), drain the infiltrated water at the place of the corresponding junction, panels, upstream. The horizontal channels (Cah) collect infiltrations at the horizontal junction of the panels, and dump them in the down channels (Cav), at the braces. A horizontal bib on the upper part (Bh), at the head of the integrated structure, recovers the water flowing from the tiles (or slates) upstream to drain it towards the vertical channels.

65 Lateral flaps (Bl) seal on the left and right margins at the limit (Lim) of the covering elements. The junction between lateral flap and corresponding downward channel is by overlap. In our drawing, a joint cover (Cj). A horizontal flap (Bb) on the lower part, at the foot of the structure, recovers 70 the water drained by the downstream channels and the side bibs to pour on the roof. High (Cs) and low (Ci) headdresses, above the horizontal bibs, prevent untimely water ingress as well as the penetration of dead leaves or other soils, under the panels and into the pipes.

75 The establishment of all the elements of this structure, resting on the rails, fixed on the rafters, requires sectioning the battens (Li) on the corresponding area. The repositioning of the covering elements (tiles or slate), after the installation of the structure and at most near it, requires the reconstruction of a support which is made with specific tips (El) fixed on the battens. 80 1 / - General description of the structure, panel support (plate 2). A / -The rails (fig.A): The rails, of a specific profile, are laid horizontally, fixed on the rafters. Limited by the thickness, their resistance to the load, between two rafters, will be reinforced possibly, by a support, in the corresponding interval: a simple crossbar (plate 2, fig.G) or the underlying panels (85) ( Plate 2, So, Fig. F). This precaution is necessary in regions where there is a significant risk of overload (snow). The spacing of the rails is determined, according to the height (length) of the panels, with precision (template). The length of the rail elements will be limited according to the transport and installation conditions. The installation and fixing, can be made on a 90 chevron. Achievement: Although many rail profiles are available on the market, this important piece, with its particular profile, will probably require a specific realization. The rails are not directly exposed to corrosion and will receive the treatment corresponding to their sheltered position 95. B / - The braces () • These elements, flow cross, which receive the channels, rests the rails. Five projections, are arranged, isolated, in the canal that constitutes the cranation. The central projection (Sa) integrates and protects the fixing device on the rail, and four other (Ap), identical, serve as support.

100 The spider receives the channels for recovering infiltrated water. Figure D illustrates the positioning of the descending and horizontal clx on the spider. Figure E is a variant that illustrates the attachment of channels and consolidation on the rail (plastic brace ...) by means of flanges (Bi) preformed and integrable into the flanks of the spider. The spider, here 105 as it is to be arranged, in the direction of the slope of the roof, receives in its axis, the channels corresponding to the lateral junction interval (Fig.D, Cav) panels upstream and downstream. The channels which collect the water under the horizontal junction (Cah) of the panels, penetrate into the central space of the cross, to pour there.

110 Realization: The manufacture of this part is conceivable using one of the following three techniques: in metallic form the foundry or stamping, the injection for a piece of plastic material, or compound. This last solution is indicated to obtain certain mechanical characteristics and to protect itself to a certain extent from corrosion.

115 Fastening on the support rail (Fig. B). Fixing on the rail is provided by a locking system (claw) integrated in the projection (Sa) and secured to the cross. The horizontal positioning on the rail is adjustable, depending on the width of the panels (template), by sliding and locking once in place.

120 The choice of production techniques and the material (metal, composite, plastic, compound ...), as regards the spider being open, we represent the attachment device on the rail in the form of a metal part dedicated, which we will call: claw (Gr). This device, integrated under the projection (Sa) and whose cross is solidair'Ç, PM (Take different fomts according to the technique of 125 fabriegion of the cross (in our drawing, secured by screws (4.1, Vs) with orots1llon). Screws (Vg), which are accessible from the upper part, allow the claw to be tightened and, consequently, to fix the cross on the rail at the defined position, in the case of a metal cross or of sufficient rigidity In the case of a plastic brace, an additional securing attachment at the side flanks may be incorporated.We suggest a solution (fig.E) by means of lateral flanges (Bi), preformed, embedded in the thickness of the flanks.The claw, has, in its axis, a threaded blind hole (Tb) intended to receive the plate (fig.C) on which will rest the solar panels.

135 Realization: The claw is not directly exposed to corrosion. The function it fulfills involves mechanical characteristics that must be ensured. The attached screws will be stainless. Channels (fig.D and E). The descending channel (Cav) has a U-shaped profile, with equal wings, while the horizontal channel 140 (Cah) has wings of different heights (Figure E). The highest wing (h) being placed at the bottom, is due to the slope a gutter that will discharge the water to the downstream lateral channels, at the place of the braces. This wing (h, fig.F and G,) fits, in part, inside the panel, in the free space between the thickness of the photovoltaic modules (Pv, fig.G), to speak properly 145 , and the enveloping frame (Ce) in which they are inserted, consisting of a U-shaped profile. The width of the channels is such that the inner and lower edge (Ai, fig.E and F) of the frame (Ce) of the Panel is still largely inside the runoff receiving space determined by the edges of the channels. The downstream channels are, upstream, simply fixed at their location in the cross, in recovery, by a tab held by screws (Vi, fig.D) or flanges (Bi, fig.E). Downstream, the channels are inserted into their position, under the corresponding branch of the crosspiece fixed by a flange (Co, fig.E), or simply resting on the rafters, or the battens, if any. The horizontal channels are seized on the edge of the wings, at each end, by tabs held by screws (Fig. D, Vi) or flanges (Bi, fig.E). The profile of the channels is always the same. The lengths are deduced from the dimensions of the panels (These dimensions, are well defined, according to the powers and the manufacturer). The section is determined by the amount of water to be evacuated. The calculations are made in the knowledge of the major precipitations and by applying the 160 formulas and coefficients of safety of use. The depth of the channels, in the direction of the slope (Cav), is limited by the imperative of integration of the support system, at best, in the roof. We deduce the width, which is not limited. The width must be greater than the interval between two adjacent edges (Ai, Fig. E) of the frames surrounding the panels, through which the runoff flows. According to our calculations, this estimated width with a sufficient margin of safety (to overflow beyond the interval Ai / Ai), allows to retain a channel depth (Cav) compatible with a perfect integration in the roof. Realization: The channels can be made, as in various roofing applications, in the building, plastic or metal.

The characteristics and properties of the materials will determine the profile and the corresponding thicknesses. Given the range, the rigidity would be reinforced, possibly by longitudinal ribs. This arrangement, in all cases, will contribute to the good flow conditions The possible anticorrosion treatments or 175 characteristics of the materials are defined by standards. D / - Platinum (fig.C). Support and fixing of the panels. The claw (Gr, fig.B) integrated in the spider receives in its central part, pierced and tapped, a dedicated room on which the panels will rest and that we will call: platinum (Ac, fig.C).

180 This element comprises a support base and a central cross, in which are positioned the panels (Bu, fig.D). In the lower part a threaded axis (Ax, fig.C) allows the fixing, on the claw (Tb, fig.B), in the axis of the cross. Fixing on a tapped pin will give us a height adjustment latitude, platinum, able to compensate for slight variations in the alignment of the chevrons. Frequent situation with regard to timber frames. This alignment is important to ensure a well-distributed surface flow. For major misalignments (old frameworks), this device will compensate for the wedging made with standardized thickness shims (against veneers ...).

190 The diameter of this axis (Ax) is calculated according to the maximum forces to which it can be subjected; similarly the length, taking into account the adjustment latitude mentioned above, limited by the thickness of the spider. On the base of this support member, and the branches of the cross, locations (Fig.C, Tm) are arranged to receive flexible buffers, which isolate the panels of the structure, reserve expansion margins and dampen possible shocks to which the panels would be subjected (hail ..). Holes (plate 3, fig.N, Fi), will be intended for fixing peripheral elements. The holes (Po) are next to the protrusions (Ap) of the spider which will be used as a base for 200 balusters (fig.I, Ta), adjustable, to compensate for the imbalance of the loads on the peripheral plates of the structure. Indeed, periphery, only two panels are supported and the load is no longer distributed on the axis and likewise at the ends the angle of a single panel rests on the plate. The load is cantilevered (fig.I and J), and must be supported, to avoid any damaging stress 205 on the axis (Ax). Finally, during alignment adjustments (laser), the position of the plates in height will be retained, quarter turn near, pending the installation of the panels, by blocking the rotation of the plates, using a column introduced in (Po / Ap) and recovered, then. A variant (Va) of platinum is possible to have support angles if the risk of overload 210 (snow ...) recommended. In the axis of the plate, a device for fixing the panels from above is adapted. The method of attachment will depend on the manufacturing technique of the platinum assembly (plastic, composite, metallic, compound ...). Our drawing represents the simplest expression, a threaded rod (fig.C, Ti) in extension of the axis 215 (Ax), with fixing of the panels by wide washer and nut (fig.I, Ro). For practical reasons, ease, speed and reliability of fixing, this element will have a specific shape, depending on the production technique chosen for the plate. Realization: the platinum, exposed, will be stainless, on the surface. The central axis (Ax) will not necessarily be made of stainless material. Indeed, it is safe from 220 direct infiltrations of water due to a particular profile of the base of the plate (Ev, fig.C). This border (Ev) evacuates the water. The axis (Ti, fig.C), or any other device for holding the panels above the plate, will necessarily be stainless. El- By-closures and side closures (figH, F, G, I).

225 To ensure the maximum evacuation of surface water, the installation of par-closes is recommended. These elements, duly prepared in length, depending on the dimensions of the panels, are placed in overlap of the panels join and taken in the fastening system of the panels on the plates. If the scope is important (large dimensions of panels), an intermediate fixing 230 support, pinching in the thickness of the panels is conceivable. We represent (fig.H) a profile (Pa) whose rigidity is provided by ribs. These ribs are used to place buffer elements (W, Le, Fig H Plate 2) to: - preserve a ventilation opening. 235 - create a thermal screen, protecting the metal frame of the panels of the heating from solar radiation, direct. - best convey the runoff water. a / - For the side walls (direction of the slope of the roof), on the ribs in correspondence of support with the edge of the panels, are arranged at regular interval 240, elements of flexible supports (W, fig. BOY WUT). The heat shield is established and a ventilation space remains open. b / - For horizontal baffles, using the same profile, a specific lip-shaped gum is fixed along the entire length of the upper edge (Le, fig.H). This arrangement allows to drive the water, across the width of the panels, directly on the main horizontal flap (Bb) at the bottom of the structure. On the lower rib of these par-closes are arranged the same elements (W), as for vertical par-closes, at regular intervals, thus ensuring an opening for ventilation. Direct infiltrations at the horizontal and vertical channels are reduced considerably, while providing ventilation. Finally, in this way, the mode of maintenance from the top, panels, is consistent with our proposal to rest the panels on flexible supports, to cushion any shocks (hail ...) Spacers: Spacers (In, fig.I), adjustable in height (according to the thickness of the 255 panels), inserted and fixed at the place (Tm) of the crossed support, allow: a / - To put the par-closes at the periphery (borders) (Dwg). b / - The fixing of flanks / screens (Fa, fig.I) on the lateral edges of the structure. This profile (Fa) in L, closes the structure, vertically (lateral sides), thus limiting the lateral entries of rain and cumbersome projections (dead leaves ....), 260 in the channels. c / - The fixing of the same profile (Fa) disposed reversed, on the lower horizontal edge (Fa, fig.J), which will serve as a support for a finishing cap (Ci). 2 / - Sealing connections between the roof and the structure (Plate 3). Predisposition of the battens: For the installation of the support structure of the panels, 265 the battens, corresponding to the space occupied by it, are sectioned and removed. The cutting is done at a distance from the edge of the structure, such as the location of the side flaps, Bg and Bd is released. These rest on the rails. Similarly, the battens corresponding to the spaces occupied by the horizontal flaps, high and low, are eliminated. The latter rest at the same level as the rails, directly on the rafters or the flights. Bibs: The realization of these sealing elements is generally inspired by roofing techniques and tailored to the structure. We recommend, and our concept makes possible, the realization of prefabricated elements available in kit. As in other pipe applications, in building construction, these elements may be plastic or metal. The normalization of the roofing elements (tiles, slates ..) allow the prefabrication of the bibs. In the case of installations in old roofs, and more particularly for the low bibs which follow the outer shape of the roof, the adaptation can pose problems and the solution requires the intervention on site of a roofer . a / - Upper flap (Bh, fig.K)): The water flowing above the structure, in limited quantity, in general, because of the positioning near the bottom line, is recovered by a horizontal flap. This penetrates, upstream, under the row of covering elements of the roof (fig.M). This 285 bib, closed in its lower part, between the descending channels, leads the water in them by as many adapted beaks (Be). The wing which closes, downstream, the space between the channels (fig.K and L) descendants is raised, to obtain the gutter effect comparable to the horizontal channels (C2, fig.K). Realization: On site: zinc worker work. Prefabrication: elements, 290 identical (Ea, fig.K), (profile in u, raised lower wing) made according to the dimensions in width of the panels, are juxtaposed. The ends, in beaks (Be) adapted in the descending channels and juxtaposed, roped on the axis of the channels. The ends, in the axis of the channels, are closed. A joint cover (Jo, fig.K) ensures the tight connection between the elements, going up 295 to the upper edge, in abutment on the cover support batten (Am, fig.M). Two distinct, symmetrical elements fit the ends (Eb, fig.K). It should be noted that these last two elements will always be the same and usable in all the configurations, whatever the dimensions of the mesh (panels). A joint cover (Cb, figK.) 300 ensures the continuity of the seal between lateral flaps and descending channels (Cav). b / - Top cap (Cs, fig.M) This cap rejects all of the water falling in this space on the surface of the panels and protects against backflow, upstream. A set of screens (Ec,), fixed in the lower part, deflects the water coming 305 from the roof, upstream, on the upper flap in the space between the vertical channels. Fixed to this cap, a grid (Gi, fig.M) prevents the penetration of any bulky item (dead leaves ... etc.) in the ventilation space. The opening (Or, fig.M, N) between the top of this cap and the nose of the roof covering row (To, fig.N lim, fig M) favors. the rise of the underlying natural ventilation. The assembly constitutes a shield against the uprising, by the wind of the upstream cover elements. Recent innovations aim to control and optimize, at the source, the electrical flow produced by photovoltaic panels. The sheltered space available under the cover, allows to have in addition to a cable tray (Cc, 315 fig.N), electric boxes of connection or electronic control and regulation, as well as an electrical safety system, including disconnectors (Sr, Fig N Plate 3). To facilitate maintenance operations, the cap is articulated on arms (Fi, fig.N) with hinges that allow its opening. The arms are fixed 320 on the available cross branches on the decks. The opening and closing of the cap is secured by a combination, mechanical, with the electrical safety control system (Ds, Sr, Fig N Plate 3) during the breaking and resetting of the disconnectors. Achievement For practical reasons (installation and maintenance) the cap 325 is composed of identical elements, width depending on the spacing of the downstream channels, and two separate symmetrical side elements. It should be noted, also that these two last elements will always be the same and usable in all the configurations, whatever the dimensions of the mesh (of the panels). Fixed elements (fig.M) 330 or opening (fig.N), fixing of the cap is done on the plates. Between parts of the cap, joint covers (Jo, fig.K) and / or adapted profiles at the edge of the elements, ensure the continuity of the seal over the entire width of the structure. c / - Bottom flap (skirt) (Bb, fig.L, M and R): The water recovery, from 335 descending channels and side flaps, is carried out, conventionally, on a skirt that goes back , upstream, sheltered from the structure, in the reserved space, under the braces. The reserved site goes up above the limit of the downstream location, downstream channels (De, Plate 2, Fig. J), largely sheltered from horizontal channels. Maintaining, the 340 high part of the skirt, requires, in the absence of flying, the establishment of the corresponding cross, between rafters, over the entire width concerned, under the rail (So, fig.R, S). Thus, also, these crosspieces being fixed, the support rail braces, at the foot of the structure, is supported over the entire length. Realization: the realization in kit, according to the same method as for the high bib 345 is possible _In this case the junction between the elements is carried out in the space between vertical channels (C6, Fig L board 3). However, the necessary adaptation, in this case, to the profile of the roof, implies a perfect definition of the latter. d / - Bottom cap (Ci, fig.M): To limit backflow in the open space at 350 this level, and to drive a significant part of the flow of water, coming from the surface of the panels, directly on the roof, a cap (Ci, fig.J and M) is placed at this point, fixed on the profile Fa (Fa, fig.J) and the bottom of the crosspieces (Pi, fig.M). The characteristics of this cap, and its positioning will have to optimize the entrance of ventilation air under the panels.

355 Realization: The whole is realized by the juxtaposition of identical elements, width as a function of the spacing between descending channels, and always, two symmetrical elements at the ends. The infiltration of water between elements is collected by the low flap and no seal is required between elements. The realization of the high and low caps (dimensions, shape, material) will have to take into account the fact that one of the functions of these elements is to favor the reinforcement of the ascending air flow in the ventilation space under the photovoltaic panels. . The caps will be aesthetically adapted to the entire cover. It is conceivable to make these elements perfectly integrated, the base of additional photovoltaic modules. 365 el- Side bibs: On the left and right of the structure, bibs (Bg, Bd, fig.K) are arranged, which will collect the water infiltrations at these junction points of the roofing elements (tile or slate) with the integrated structure. These bibs rest on the rails. Given the range, in the case of large panels, intermediate supports, between rails, fixed on the 370 rafters, will be necessary. The realization of these bibs is generally entrusted to professionals (zingueurs, roofers ...). One solution may consist of a U profile bib (fig.K) that covers the entire height of the structure. An attached cover (Cb, fig.K) provides the connection with the corresponding descending channel of the structure. The 375 joint covers can be fixed on the crosspieces (Vf, plate 2, fig.B). However, we propose a solution, which uses the method of the brace, to build this flap by elements, and ensure the continuity of the flow with adapters (Ad, fig.P) fixed (Vf) on the braces. In this way, these bibs with a well-defined profile (Bd, fig.P) are prepared in length and delivered as a kit. The 380 adapters are the same for all applications and are fixed to the crosshead by means of screws (Vf, Plate 2, fig.B). These fixing places used to grasp the horizontal channels, are free periphery. f / - End caps (El): In order to reconstitute the support base of the battens necessary to maintain the covering elements (tile or slate), up to 385 border of the integrated structure, specific end pieces (Plate 3, fig O, Q and S), stainless or plastic, are fixed on the ends of the severed battens. The stake is aesthetic, but also, this arrangement allows to conduct most of the surface flow. The underlying bibs collect the inevitable infiltrations.

390 The battens have different standard sizes, especially in height, depending on whether it is slate or tile. Only one model of mouthpiece, for any type of batten (therefore of roofing) is conceivable, we have the interior level of the lateral bib always at the same height, compared to the higher level of the battens. The reference is the height of the slats for 395 slate, whose height is 18mm (27mm for tiles). The dimension (u) of the tip (u, fig.0) corresponding to the depth of the flaps, superimposed covering elements will be in the alignment determined by the battens, the extra thickness near (Ep, negligible) of the fixing of the tip. In the case of a tiled roof, with battens 400 whose thickness is 27mm, the flaps will be placed with a setting (Ca, fig.R) of 9mm (27-18) on the rails. The width (1) corresponds to the largest width (tile battens) and the adaptation is done by resting the upper wing on the corresponding edge of the batten (fig.0). The model is reversible and fits left or right indifferently. The dimension L (fig.0) corresponds to the 410 interior useful width of the flap. Tile roof application (fig.R): The structure is arranged so that one of the edges, left or right, coincides with the edge of the tiles, in the direction of the slope. In finishing, this row of tile initially removed for the installation of the structure and lateral bibs, is rested in support on the 415 tips of battens, which overlap the bibs (fig.R). The width of the zone liberated for integration, by deposition and pitch of the roof elements, does not coincide, in general, with the dimensions of the structure. For a purely aesthetic reason this gap needs to be filled. In the case of tiles, a flap (Be, fig.S) makes it possible to fill this gap. This 420 stain can be performed on site by a roofer. A prefabricated solution available in kit is feasible. Slate roof application: The slat mouthpiece is used to install and adjust the slates on the left or right edge of the structure. The slates are fixed on the end pieces by dedicated stainless steel "pop" rivets. 425 3 / - Cable trays, connection boxes and receptacles, electrical safety (Plate 3). A chute (Go, fig.N) resting on the rails, goes up on the whole height of the structure, leaning against each descending channel. At each panel, a connection box (St, fig.N) placed on a base (Se) fixed to the 430 rail allows the connection of the corresponding panel. All cables terminate under the top cover (fig.N). At this point, and over the entire length can be arranged connection boxes and receptacles (Cc) electronic modules, desirable. Devices for optimizing energy flow at the source are at the heart of some innovations underway.

435 Electrical safety system. This zone (Ae) is the place of dangerous electrical voltages, produced by the assembly of the panels. An isolator for each panel (or group), reduces this risk to an acceptable level. On this rectilinear space, are aligned as many disconnectors (Sr) as necessary, on an axis (// to AxesDs, Fig N Plate 3). A single command - guided bar 440 by holes (Ds) on the branches of the cross plates, cuts, or restores, simultaneously, the connections (Sr, Fig N Plate 3) at the exit of the panels. The command is either manual, on site, or electromagnetic remote. 4 / - Ventilation conditions (photovoltaic) or insulation (thermal).

445 Protection of condensation phenomena. The yield of photovoltaic panels depends, we pay particular attention to the underlying ventilation. This consideration has been taken into account and is served by the following provisions: - The installation of the panels on their ends, resting on the buffers (Tn) 450 integrated in the plates, thus releasing the intervals between panels - The interposition of buffers (W) between the baffles and the panel frames allowing lateral ventilation. - The presence of high and low caps that protect and optimize the inflow and outflow of the air stream underlying the panels. 455 - The buffers (W) under the windshields, combined with the bearing pads (Tm) on the plates ensure the thermal insulation of the metal frames of the panels, relative to the direct radiation of the sun. This arrangement also ensures the electrical isolation of the panels. Since the efficiency of ventilation depends on the temperature of the air circulating under the panels, under certain circumstances it will be advisable to isolate the underlying space of the panels of the space under the roof. Under-roof screens, closing the corresponding space, fixed on the rafters, before the laying of the structure, would constitute a solution. In a more general way the project must necessarily take into account the specificities of the place of installation 465 (open attic, attic, farm building, industrial, etc ....). The concept of integral system recommended allows an adaptation to all the cases of figures. In the case of thermal sensors, these will be inserted in a frame, duly insulated, thermally, with respect to it and, whose profile will be 470 identical to the frame of the photovoltaic panels, to present a comparable stop (Ai, Fig. E and G Plate 2), which ensures the slope in the channels of lateral infiltrations to the panels. In fact, unlike framed photovoltaic panels that can be integrated regardless of the origin, the adaptation of the thermal panels will be 475 to consider with the manufacturers of the latter The insulation, under the panel, is provided by a material insulation, optionally integral part of the panel, which is incorporated in the perimeter constituted by the channels, with a minimum thickness corresponding to the height of the battens. In a set combining photovoltaic and thermal panels, these 480 last occupy the vertical row to the right or left of the structure, all the way up. The height occupied by these panels (photovoltaic or thermal) -distance between rails- will be identical but the width may be different (determined by the distance between braces). -51- Main features: 485 - Prefabricated elements. - Preparation in kit, according to the configuration of the structure. - Ease and speed of implementation on the roof. - Protection of fastening components, on the frame, from any contact with water. 490 - Usable whatever the covering element to be replaced: different formats of tiles, slates, etc. - Reservation of an efficient ventilation space under the photovoltaic panels. - Adaptability to any surface dimension to be covered. Including adjoining rectangular forms 495, at different levels of the roof (Ex: chimney bypass). - Possibility of disassembly for reuse (rebuilding of framework). Total recovery (identical panels) or partial (different panels) elements for a new installation. 500 - Mechanical precision in laying structures. - Removable panels without affecting the sealing conditions. - Protection of electrical cables, connection boxes and control. - Easy access for the maintenance and safety of operators of all services.

Claims (3)

Claims1 / - Integration system, roof, a set of solar energy panels characterized by the fact that the support of rectangular solar panels and the same dimensions, is structured around and on identical elements (Cr, Plate 1); these elements that we will call, braces (Cr, Plate 1 and Fig. B Plate 2), are positioned (distance gauges / width of the panels) and hooked by means of claws (Gr, Fig. B Plate 2) on rails (Ra, Plate 1 and Fig. A and B, Plate 2), parallel ( spacing jig / length of panels), arranged perpendicular to the rafters and screwed on (Ch, Screw plate 1); the braces, thus determine the nodes of the grid constituted by the solar panels, and are conceived to fulfill two functions: - To receive the plate (Ac, plate 1 and figure C plate 2) which fixes the solar panels, under a network of pare -closes, (Fig. h Plate 2) - To form an integral part of the runoff channel network, infiltrated beneath the surface of the panels by connecting and supporting the other parts of the drainage system including, on the one hand, elements central, which we will call, channels (Cah, Cav, Plate 1 and Fig. D Plate 2), and, on the other hand, peripheral elements composed of bibs (Bh, Bb, Bl, Plate 1), caps (Cs , Ci, fig M plate 3) and screens (Fa, Fig. I and J Plate 2); the assembly ensuring, by using the cover of the solar panels, the continuity of the waterproofness of the roof in the occupied space. 2l-Integration system for solar panels, according to claim 1 and characterized in that the plate (Ac board 1 and fig.0 board 2) resting on the braces allows the maintenance and fixing of the solar panels from its design which ensures: - the installation on a base (Em, fig C board 2), as well as the positioning, determined by the cross ribs (Nu, fig.0 board 2), in a non-binding way (Tn buffers, fig C board 2), panels (Pv, board 1), thus protected from shocks (hail ...) and insulated, thermally and electrically, with respect to each other, with a margin of expansion, in space occupied, - the adjustment of the height, with respect to the cross, due to the fixing obtained by the adaptation of the threaded central axis (Ax, Fig. C Plate 2) on the blind hole, threaded, corresponding, on the spider (Tb, Fig. B plate 2), - the fixing of the panels, resting at their ends on the plate, 40 at the middle n of a blockage (Ro fig. F, fig. I plate 2) in the axis of the plates, resting on baffles (pa, fig H board 2) that open, the intervals between panels; this arrangement allows the structure to receive sets of panels having different thicknesses (depending on model, mark or origin). 45 3 / integration system for solar panels, according to claims 2, characterized in that closed-ribs, ribbed, (pa, fig H board 2) contribute to the flow of the essential volume of the water rain is applied to the surface of the panels, without any absolute sealing stress; indeed, the interval between panels is covered by these 50-close-shields, centered by intermediate elements (Ti, Fig. F and H Plate 2), preventing the direct entry of water, and based on buffer elements spaced apart (W, fig H and F), so that a space remains open around the panels with respect to the space below, - in the direction of the slope, the gaps between panels are covered by a baffle (Pa, fig.H, plate 2) resting on two rows of buffers W, spaced, - over the horizontal intervals between panels, the flow of water, following the slope is provided by a continuous recovery in lip shape (Le, Fig.H board 2), disposed upstream, on the 60 closed bards, while downstream are arranged the buffer elements (W), spaced apart. 4l- integration system for solar panels, according to claim 1 characterized in that the optimization of the recovery of water surface panels is obtained by the provision of two caps and 65 screens: - The high cap ( Cs, fig.N plate 3) which receives the water falling between the edge of the upper horizontal roof edge (lim, fig M board 3) and the surface of the panels, to pour on them; screens (Ec, figs M and N, plate 3), integral with this cap Cs 70 conduct the limited amount of water poured by the tiles tiles (or near the ridge) in the upper flap (Bh, fig. Plate 3); the sheltered space (Ae, figN plate 3), thus constituted, will be, if appropriate, valued (claim 9); - the low cap (Ci, Fig J Plate 2, Fig. M Plate 3) which collects 75 runoff water, coming from the surface of the panels to carry them on the roof, - the screens (Fa, Fig. I and J plate 2), by their L-shaped profile, ensure the continuity of the cover formed by the solar panels, laterally (fig.I) and bottom edge (fig.J, while limiting the 80 side projections unwanted under the panels These two caps are possibly the seat of additional modules, photovoltaic, thus providing, in addition, a perfect aesthetic integration of the solar system in the roof 5 / - Integration system for solar panels, according to claim 1 85 and 2 characterized in that the recovery of water infiltration allowed is through a mesh of channels (Cav, Cah) and bibs (Bi, Bh, Bb Plate 1) adjacent and attached to the braces (Vi, Bi , fig D and E plate 2): - the c horizontally placed between braces (Cah, fig. D and 90 E plank 2) fulfill a gutter function and have a higher wing (h, fig E, F, G plate 2) downstream. The same arrangement is taken with the upper flap (Bh, C2, Fig. K Plate 3), in the intervals between vertical channels (Cav), - the channels in the direction of the slope (Cav, Fig. D Plate 2) are 95 U-shaped channels, with equal wings, as well as the lateral flaps made in one piece (left-hand side (Bg) and right-hand side (Bd), figure K plate 3), covered with a joint (Cb 3), - the lower flaps which constitute a skirt have a profile 100 flat upstream and adapted to the roof, downstream, - the side flaps (Bg and Bd) made in connected elements (Bg, fig. P Plate 2) have the outer edge in L and a specific profile for the inner edge backing the channels (Bg, Fig P Plate 2.). 6 / installation system and integration for solar panels, according to 105 claims 1 and 5, characterized in that to reposition the cover elements (tile, slate or other), closer to the support structure, over the lateral flaps (B1, plate 1), end pieces (E1, plate 1 and Fig. O, Q, R and S plate 3) are attached to the end of the severed battens, to release the space to be integrated. 110 7 / -Integration system for solar panels, according to claims 1, 2, 3, and 4 characterized in that the ventilation of the solar panels is optimized by the design and layout of the various parts of the system: - the thin thickness rails and the arrangement of the panels on the 115 braces releases a maximum space, under photovoltaic solar panels, - panels supported at their ends on buffers (Tn, fig C board 2), are thermally insulated, others and the intervals between panels are totally open, over the whole length 120, - the installation of barrier-breakers on insulating pads (W), prolongs the opening around the panels and isolates the framing of these solar radiation , direct, received by the pare-closes, - the low caps participate in the optimization of the air inlet 125 under the panels (shape, materials, different slope of the roof) the high caps conform a wide mouth Ventilation and carry grilles preserving the inadvertent introduction of dirt under the panels. 8 / -Integration system for solar panels, according to claims 130 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 characterized in that in the case of solar thermal panels (or heat pump sensors), alone or combined with panels photovoltaic, the corresponding part, underlying the thermal panels is provided insulating plates, adapted in the space defined, under each panel, by the channels, 135 to avoid any ventilation and optimize the capacity of accumulation of thermal solar panels (fig). 9 / -integration system for solar panels, according to claim 4 characterized in that on the upper part, under the cap (Cs, Figs M and N plate 3) a sheltered space (Ae), rectilinear, easily accessible, is prepared to collect the receptacles (Cc) for desirable electronic control and control modules, and an electrical safety device integrated in the support, consisting of a bar (axis Ax, Fig. N) traversing the entire upper part (Ae) guided by holes (Ax), in the branches of the cross, on the plates, and intended to maneuver, simultaneously, a series of disconnectors (Sr, Fig. 3, plate 3), aligned (// axis Ds, fig. .N), each corresponding to a solar panel, or a group the control is manual, on site, or electromagnetic remote. The unlocking of the accesses (Cs) to the sheltered space (Ae), place of 150 potentially dangerous electrical voltages, will be secured mechanically by the global actiotihement system (fis) of the disconnectors. Likewise, the resetting (closing of the disconnectors) will be secured and mechanically prevented when the accesses (Cs) to the sheltered space 155 (Ae) which receives the electronic electrical modules will be open. 10 / Installation and integration system for solar panels, according to claims 2 or 3, characterized in that specific connection elements (fig.P, plate 3) of the lateral flaps (B1, plate 1) 160 - left side or right (Bg, Bd board 3) - fixed on the braces (Cr), allow a preparation of these elements, in kit. In the same way with regard to the high and low bibs: (Fig. K-C5 solution kit, and (Fig. L, C6 Plate 3) elements adapted to the braces, valid for all the applications, make it possible to prepare, in workshop, 165 all the parts to be assembled, on site All the elements, constituting the support of solar panels, integrated in roof, answer to a global modular design; all the elements are reusable