FR2950911A1 - INTEGRATED PREFABRICATED PHOTOVOLTAIC COVERAGE - Google Patents
INTEGRATED PREFABRICATED PHOTOVOLTAIC COVERAGE Download PDFInfo
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- FR2950911A1 FR2950911A1 FR0904799A FR0904799A FR2950911A1 FR 2950911 A1 FR2950911 A1 FR 2950911A1 FR 0904799 A FR0904799 A FR 0904799A FR 0904799 A FR0904799 A FR 0904799A FR 2950911 A1 FR2950911 A1 FR 2950911A1
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- Prior art keywords
- photovoltaic modules
- modules
- photovoltaic
- longitudinal
- support
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S30/00—Structural details of PV modules other than those related to light conversion
- H02S30/10—Frame structures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
- F24S20/67—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of roof constructions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
- F24S25/30—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules using elongate rigid mounting elements extending substantially along the supporting surface, e.g. for covering buildings with solar heat collectors
- F24S25/33—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules using elongate rigid mounting elements extending substantially along the supporting surface, e.g. for covering buildings with solar heat collectors forming substantially planar assemblies, e.g. of coplanar or stacked profiles
- F24S25/35—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules using elongate rigid mounting elements extending substantially along the supporting surface, e.g. for covering buildings with solar heat collectors forming substantially planar assemblies, e.g. of coplanar or stacked profiles by means of profiles with a cross-section defining separate supporting portions for adjacent modules
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
- F24S25/30—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules using elongate rigid mounting elements extending substantially along the supporting surface, e.g. for covering buildings with solar heat collectors
- F24S25/33—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules using elongate rigid mounting elements extending substantially along the supporting surface, e.g. for covering buildings with solar heat collectors forming substantially planar assemblies, e.g. of coplanar or stacked profiles
- F24S25/37—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules using elongate rigid mounting elements extending substantially along the supporting surface, e.g. for covering buildings with solar heat collectors forming substantially planar assemblies, e.g. of coplanar or stacked profiles forming coplanar grids comprising longitudinal and transversal profiles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
- H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
- H02S20/23—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings specially adapted for roof structures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S2020/10—Solar modules layout; Modular arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
- F24S2025/01—Special support components; Methods of use
- F24S2025/014—Methods for installing support elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
- F24S2025/01—Special support components; Methods of use
- F24S2025/021—Sealing means between support elements and mounting surface
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/20—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications using renewable energy
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne une couverture photovoltaïque destinée à être intégrée à un bâtiment à usage professionnel ou d'habitation ou à des abris divers, comprenant : des modules photovolitaïques (1), une structure (2) porteuse desdits modules et destinée à être fixée aux pannes (3) d'une charpente de toiture, des câbles et des jeux de connexions. La couverture selon l'invention se caractérise essentiellement en ce qu'elle est réalisée par la juxtaposition latérale de sous-ensembles (1,2), préfabriqués et câblés en usine, comprenant, chacun, au moins, une pluralité de modules photovoltaïques (1), une structure métallique rigide (2) dont la largeur est conçue pour supporter un nombre bien défini de modules photovoltaïques (1) et dont la longueur est déterminée pour supporter un nombre de modules photovoltaïques (1) permettant de recouvrir, en fonction de l'application, la longueur du pan de toiture concerné. La rangée supérieure de modules photovoltaïques (1) peut être remplacée par une rangée de modules photovoltaïques (12) transparents destinés à l'éclairage zénithal du bâtiment et par des ouvrants (36) d'évacuation des fumées.The invention relates to a photovoltaic cover intended to be integrated into a building for professional or residential use or to various shelters, comprising: photovoltaic modules (1), a structure (2) carrying said modules and intended to be fixed to failures (3) of a roof structure, cables and connection sets. The cover according to the invention is essentially characterized in that it is produced by the lateral juxtaposition of subsets (1,2), prefabricated and wired in the factory, each comprising at least a plurality of photovoltaic modules (1). ), a rigid metal structure (2) whose width is designed to support a well-defined number of photovoltaic modules (1) and whose length is determined to support a number of photovoltaic modules (1) for covering, depending on the application, the length of the roof pan concerned. The upper row of photovoltaic modules (1) can be replaced by a row of transparent photovoltaic modules (12) for the zenith lighting of the building and by opening (36) fumes evacuation.
Description
-1- COUVERTURE PHOTOVOLTAÏQUE PREFABRIQUEE INTEGRABLE DESCRIPTION DOMAINE DE L'INVENTION La présente invention concerne le domaine des couvertures photovoltaïques destinées à être intégrées à un bâtiment à usage professionnel ou d'habitation ou à des abris de type ombrière, comprenant une juxtaposition longitudinale et transversale de modules pourvus d'une pluralité de cellules photovoltaïques, une structure porteuse desdits modules et destinée à être fixée aux pannes d'une charpente de toiture, des câbles et des jeux de connexions. ARRIERE PLAN TECHNOLOGIQUE L'intégration au bâti de modules photovoltaïques bénéficie d'un tarif d'achat préférentiel par l'opérateur chargé de la distribution du courant électrique domestique et industriel ce qui permet d'avoir un retour sur investissement plus rapide. Les modules photovoltaïques connus sont essentiellement de trois types : - les bacs métalliques photovoltaïques ; - les membranes photovoltaïques ; - les systèmes d'intégration de modules photovoltaïques avec ou sans cadre. L'invention se situe dans cette troisième catégorie. Les modules photovoltaïques peuvent être intégrés à des toitures existantes ou à des constructions nouvelles. Dans les deux cas ils se fixent aux pannes de la charpente. Pour une construction existante, il faut d'abord déposer la toiture. Il faut ensuite mettre en place la structure, les modules et les raccords d'étanchéité. Il faut enfin poser et raccorder les onduleurs et les coffrets électriques de protection. Pour un chantier de surface photovoltaïque d'environ 2000 m2 la durée de l'installation est d'environ 10 semaines (hors dépose de la toiture existante). Dans certaines conceptions de systèmes, les modules photovoltaïques peuvent être montés sur les structures à même le sol. Si cela réduit la durée du travail en toiture, cela n'a que très peu de répercussion sur la durée globale du chantier. Outre les problèmes de sécurité que cela engendre, le travail en plein air est toujours tributaire des intempéries. RESUME DE L'INVENTION L'invention vise à réaliser une couverture photovoltaïque présentant des caractéristiques nouvelles et originales et dont le but principal est de supprimer les inconvénients susmentionnés tout en introduisant des avantages nouveaux liés à la conception même de la structure de ladite couverture. TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic roofs intended to be integrated into a building for professional or residential use or shelters of the shade type, comprising a longitudinal and transverse juxtaposition modules provided with a plurality of photovoltaic cells, a carrier structure of said modules and intended to be fixed to the failures of a roof structure, cables and sets of connections. BACKGROUND TECHNOLOGY The integration of photovoltaic modules into the building has a preferential purchase rate by the operator responsible for the distribution of domestic and industrial electricity, which allows for a faster return on investment. The photovoltaic modules known are essentially of three types: - photovoltaic metal tanks; - photovoltaic membranes; - systems for integrating photovoltaic modules with or without a frame. The invention lies in this third category. Photovoltaic modules can be integrated into existing roofs or new constructions. In both cases they are fixed to the breakdowns of the frame. For an existing building, you must first remove the roof. The structure, the modules and the sealing connections must then be put in place. Finally, it is necessary to install and connect the inverters and the electrical protection boxes. For a photovoltaic building site of about 2000 m2 the duration of the installation is about 10 weeks (except removal of the existing roof). In some system designs, photovoltaic modules can be mounted on the structures on the floor. If this reduces the duration of work on the roof, this has very little impact on the overall duration of the work. In addition to the safety problems that this entails, outdoor work is always dependent on the weather. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is to provide a photovoltaic cover with novel and original characteristics, the main purpose of which is to eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks while introducing new advantages related to the very design of the structure of said cover.
A cet effet, la couverture selon l'invention se caractérise essentiellement en ce qu'elle est réalisée par la juxtaposition latérale de sous-ensembles, préfabriqués et câblés en usine, comprenant, chacun, au moins : - une pluralité de modules photovoltaïques ; - une structure métallique rigide dont la largeur est conçue pour supporter un nombre bien défini de modules photovoltaïques et dont la longueur est déterminée pour supporter un nombre de modules photovoltaïques permettant de recouvrir, en fonction de l'application, la longueur du pan de toiture concerné. Les sous-ensembles en question arrivent ainsi directement sur le chantier, entièrement montés et câblés, et sont posés directement sur les pannes au moyen d'engins de levage. Indépendamment des avantages liés à la sécurité sur le chantier et à la fiabilité de tels sous-ensembles, la durée du chantier est fortement diminuée. En effet, pour un chantier de surface photovoltaïque d'environ 2000 m2, la durée de l'installation est d'environ 2 semaines (avec dépose de la toiture existante hors présence d'amiante) contre 10 semaines dans la technique connue la plus proche exposée ci-avant et ce avec un temps de préparation en atelier de 4 semaines. En outre les coûts de réalisation en atelier sont moindres que sur un chantier car les conditions de travail sont améliorées et peuvent même aller jusqu'à l'automatisation de certaines tâches. D'autres avantages découlent de la conception même de la structure métallique porteuse des modules photovoltaïques car elle intègre divers éléments liés : - au refroidissement par air et/ou par eau des modules photovoltaïques afin d'en accroître le rendement tout en récupérant les calories captées pour par exemple chauffer le bâtiment au moyen par exemple d'échangeurs ou de pompes à chaleur ; - à l'isolation thermique, à l'étanchéité, à la fixation aux pannes, à la facilité d'assemblage des sous-ensembles entre eux et d'interconnexion électrique, etc. A cet effet, la structure métallique, selon l'invention, se caractérise essentiellement en ce qu'elle est réalisée au moyen : a) de profilés longitudinaux creux intermédiaires comprenant : - en partie haute, une surface adaptée pour supporter les modules photovoltaïques juxtaposés ; - en dessous de ladite partie haute, deux ailettes adaptées pour supporter des traverses hautes ; - en partie intermédiaire, deux ailettes symétriques adaptées pour supporter des tôles qui délimitent, avec le dessous des modules photovoltaïques, une lame d'air destinée au refroidissement desdits modules ; - en partie basse, deux ailettes symétriques adaptées pour, d'une part, maintenir un isolant thermique qui occupe le volume compris entre les tôles précédentes et des profilés plats solidaires desdites ailettes et pour, d'autre part, supporter des pièces de fixation de la structure métallique aux pannes de la charpente ; b) de profilés longitudinaux creux d'extrémité ou de liaison, comprenant : - en partie haute, une surface adaptée pour supporter les modules photovoltaïques juxtaposés ; - en dessous de ladite partie haute, une ailette adaptée pour supporter les traverses hautes précédentes ; - en partie intermédiaire, une ailette adaptée pour supporter les tôles précédentes qui délimitent, avec le dessous des modules photovoltaïques, la lame d'air destinée au refroidissement desdits modules ; - en partie basse, une ailette adaptée pour maintenir l'isolant thermique qui occupe le volume compris entre les tôles et les profilés plats solidaires de ladite ailette ; c) de traverses basses, constituées de tubes creux, soudées aux profils longitudinaux intermédiaires et d'extrémité ; d) de parcloses longitudinales, transversales et d'extrémité, assurant la fixation des modules photovoltaïques à la structure par l'intermédiaire de joints d'étanchéité. Selon des modes particuliers de réalisation de l'invention : - les profilés longitudinaux d'extrémité ou de liaison comportent une encoche permettant l'accrochage des crochets de levage servant à la mise en place des sous- ensembles préfabriqués constitués de la structure métallique rigide, des modules photovoltaïques et des diverses pièces associées ; - la rangée supérieure de modules photovoltaïques est remplacée par une rangée de modules photovoltaïques transparents ou qui comportent une partie centrale transparente destinée à l'éclairage zénithal du bâtiment et/ou par des ouvrants d'évacuation des fumées ; - les lames d'air des sous-ensembles constituant la couverture du bâtiment sont aspirées au faîtage de la toiture au moyen de turbines et collectées par une canalisation centrale ; - les profilés longitudinaux intermédiaires et d'extrémité ou de liaison, comportent des pièces, destinés à supporter des canalisations perforées adaptées pour pulvériser de l'eau au dessus des modules photovoltaïques ; - l'eau utilisée est principalement de l'eau de pluie récupérée par des gouttières placées en bordure de toiture et stockée à proximité. PRESENTATION DES FIGURES Les caractéristiques et les avantages de l'invention vont apparaître plus clairement à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit d'au moins un mode de réalisation préféré de celle-ci donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif et représenté aux dessins annexés. For this purpose, the cover according to the invention is essentially characterized in that it is produced by the lateral juxtaposition of subsets, prefabricated and wired in the factory, each comprising at least: a plurality of photovoltaic modules; a rigid metal structure whose width is designed to support a well-defined number of photovoltaic modules and whose length is determined to support a number of photovoltaic modules making it possible to cover, depending on the application, the length of the roof section concerned . The subassemblies in question arrive directly on site, fully assembled and wired, and are placed directly on the purlins by means of lifting gear. Regardless of the safety benefits on the job site and the reliability of such subassemblies, the duration of the project is greatly reduced. Indeed, for a photovoltaic building site of about 2000 m2, the duration of the installation is approximately 2 weeks (with removal of the existing roof excluding presence of asbestos) against 10 weeks in the closest known technique exposed above and with a preparation time in workshop of 4 weeks. In addition the costs of realization in workshop are less than on a building site because the working conditions are improved and can even go up to the automation of some tasks. Other advantages derive from the very design of the metallic structure supporting the photovoltaic modules because it integrates various elements related to: - air and / or water cooling of the photovoltaic modules in order to increase their efficiency while recovering the calories captured for example to heat the building by means for example exchangers or heat pumps; the thermal insulation, the sealing, the fixing to breakdowns, the ease of assembly of the subassemblies between them and electrical interconnection, etc. For this purpose, the metal structure according to the invention is essentially characterized in that it is produced by means of: a) intermediate longitudinal hollow sections comprising: - in the upper part, a surface adapted to support the juxtaposed photovoltaic modules; - below said upper part, two fins adapted to support high sleepers; in the intermediate part, two symmetrical fins adapted to support sheets which delimit, with the underside of the photovoltaic modules, an air gap intended for cooling said modules; - In the lower part, two symmetrical fins adapted to, firstly, maintain a thermal insulation that occupies the volume between the previous plates and flat profiles integral with said fins and, secondly, to support fasteners of the metallic structure to the breakdowns of the frame; b) end longitudinal hollow profiles or connecting, comprising: - in the upper part, a surface adapted to support the juxtaposed photovoltaic modules; - below said upper part, a fin adapted to support the previous high sleepers; - In the intermediate part, a fin adapted to support the previous sheets which delimit, with the underside of the photovoltaic modules, the air gap for cooling said modules; - In the lower part, a fin adapted to maintain the thermal insulation which occupies the volume between the sheets and the flat profiles integral with said fin; c) low cross members, consisting of hollow tubes welded to the intermediate and end longitudinal profiles; d) longitudinal, transverse and end glazing beads, fixing the photovoltaic modules to the structure by means of gaskets. According to particular embodiments of the invention: the longitudinal end or connecting profiles comprise a notch allowing attachment of the lifting hooks used for the installation of prefabricated subassemblies consisting of the rigid metal structure, photovoltaic modules and various associated parts; the upper row of photovoltaic modules is replaced by a row of transparent photovoltaic modules or which comprise a transparent central part intended for the zenith lighting of the building and / or by smoke evacuation openings; the air slats of the subassemblies constituting the roof of the building are sucked into the ridge of the roof by means of turbines and collected by a central pipe; - The longitudinal intermediate and end or connecting sections, comprise parts for supporting perforated pipes adapted to spray water above the photovoltaic modules; - the water used is mainly rainwater collected by gutters placed at the edge of the roof and stored nearby. PRESENTATION OF THE FIGURES The characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the detailed description which follows of at least one preferred embodiment thereof given by way of non-limiting example and shown in the drawings. attached.
Sur ces dessins : - la figure 1 est une vue d'ensemble partielle, en perspective, d'une couverture selon l'invention en cours de montage sur un bâtiment ; - la figure 2 est une vue, en coupe transversale, d'un sous-ensemble au niveau d'un profilé intermédiaire ; - la figure 3 est une vue, en coupe transversale, d'un sous-ensemble au niveau d'un profilé de liaison ; - la figure 4 est une vue, en coupe transversale, d'un sous-ensemble au niveau d'un profilé d'extrémité ; - la figure 5 est une vue, en coupe transversale, d'un sous-ensemble comportant 3 modules photovoltaïques sur la largeur ; - la figure 6 est une vue, en coupe longitudinale, du sous-ensemble de la figure 5 ; - la figure 7 est une vue de détail, en coupe longitudinale, de la partie du sous-ensemble comportant la pièce de fixation de sa structure à une panne de la charpente ; - la figure 8 est une vue en coupe transversale d'un bâtiment porteur de la couverture photovoltaïque selon l'invention, mettant en évidence le circuit de refroidissement par air des modules photovoltaïques ; - la figure 9 est une vue de détail, en coupe transversale, d'un profilé intermédiaire porteur d'une canalisation perforée d'arrosage du dessus des modules photovoltaïques ; - la figure 10 est une vue d'ensemble, en coupe transversale, des canalisations perforées d'arrosage du dessus des modules photovoltaïques. DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE DE L'INVENTION La couverture photovoltaïque destinée à être intégrée à un bâtiment à usage professionnel ou d'habitation ou à des abris de type ombrière, est du genre comprenant : - une juxtaposition longitudinale et transversale de modules (1) pourvus d'une pluralité de cellules photovoltaïques (11) ; - une structure (2) porteuse desdits modules et destinée à être fixée aux pannes (3) d'une charpente de toiture ; - des câbles et des jeux de connexions ; Selon les caractéristiques de base de l'invention, ladite couverture est réalisée (figure 1) par la juxtaposition latérale de sous-ensembles (1,2), préfabriqués et câblés en usine, comprenant, chacun, au moins : - une pluralité de modules photovoltaïques (1) ; - une structure métallique rigide (2) dont la largeur est conçue pour supporter un nombre bien défini de modules photovoltaïques (1), par exemple trois, et dont la longueur est déterminée pour supporter un nombre de modules photovoltaïques (1) permettant de recouvrir, en fonction de l'application, la longueur du pan de toiture concerné. In these drawings: FIG. 1 is a partial overall view, in perspective, of a cover according to the invention being mounted on a building; - Figure 2 is a view, in cross section, of a subassembly at an intermediate section; FIG. 3 is a view, in cross-section, of a subassembly at the level of a connecting section; - Figure 4 is a view, in cross section, of a subassembly at an end section; FIG. 5 is a view, in cross section, of a subassembly comprising 3 photovoltaic modules over the width; FIG. 6 is a view, in longitudinal section, of the subassembly of FIG. 5; - Figure 7 is a detail view, in longitudinal section, of the part of the subassembly comprising the fastener of its structure to a failure of the frame; - Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a building carrying the photovoltaic cover according to the invention, highlighting the air cooling circuit of the photovoltaic modules; - Figure 9 is a detail view, in cross section, of an intermediate profile carrying a perforated watering pipe from above the photovoltaic modules; - Figure 10 is an overall view, in cross section, perforated watering pipes from above photovoltaic modules. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The photovoltaic cover intended to be integrated into a building for professional or residential use or shelters of the shade type, is of the type comprising: a longitudinal and transverse juxtaposition of modules (1) provided with a plurality of photovoltaic cells (11); a structure (2) carrying said modules and intended to be fixed to the purlins (3) of a roof structure; - cables and connection sets; According to the basic features of the invention, said cover is made (FIG. 1) by lateral juxtaposition of subsets (1,2), prefabricated and wired in the factory, each comprising at least: a plurality of modules photovoltaic (1); a rigid metal structure (2) whose width is designed to support a well-defined number of photovoltaic modules (1), for example three, and whose length is determined to support a number of photovoltaic modules (1) for covering, depending on the application, the length of the roof section concerned.
Selon un mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention, la structure métallique (2) est réalisée (figures 2 et 3) au moyen : a) de profilés longitudinaux creux intermédiaires (21) comprenant : - en partie haute, une surface (211) adaptée pour supporter les modules photovoltaïques (1) juxtaposés ; - en dessous de ladite partie haute, deux ailettes (212) adaptées pour supporter des traverses hautes (213) ; - en partie intermédiaire, deux ailettes symétriques (214) adaptées pour supporter des tôles (215) qui délimitent, avec le dessous des modules photovoltaïques (1), une lame d'air (216) destinée au refroidissement desdits modules ; - en partie basse, deux ailettes symétriques (217) adaptées pour, d'une part, maintenir un isolant thermique (218) qui occupe le volume compris entre les tôles (215) et des profilés plats (219) solidaires desdites ailettes et pour, d'autre part, supporter des pièces (4) de fixation de la structure (2) aux pannes (3) de la charpente ; b) de profilés longitudinaux creux d'extrémité ou de liaison (23), comprenant : - en partie haute, une surface (231) adaptée pour supporter les modules photovoltaïques (1) juxtaposés ; - en dessous de ladite partie haute, une ailette (232) adaptée pour supporter les traverses hautes (213) ; - en partie intermédiaire, une ailette (233) adaptée pour supporter les tôles (215) qui délimitent, avec le dessous des modules photovoltaïques (1), la lame d'air (216) destinée au refroidissement desdits modules ; - en partie basse, une ailette (234) adaptée pour maintenir l'isolant thermique (218) qui occupe le volume compris entre les tôles (215) et les profilés plats (219) solidaires de ladite ailette ; c) de traverses basses (24), constituées de tubes creux, soudées aux profils longitudinaux intermédiaires (21) et d'extrémité (23) ; d) de parcloses longitudinales (25), transversales (26) et d'extrémité (27), assurant la fixation des modules photovoltaïques (1) à la structure (2) par l'intermédiaire de joints d'étanchéité (28). L'étanchéité entre les extrémités de la tôle (215) et les ailettes (214) du profilé longitudinal intermédiaire (21) ainsi que celle (233) du profilé longitudinal d'extrémité (23), est réalisée au moyen de joints flexibles (29). According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the metal structure (2) is made (FIGS. 2 and 3) by means of: a) intermediate longitudinal hollow sections (21) comprising: - in the upper part, a surface (211) adapted to support the photovoltaic modules (1) juxtaposed; - below said upper part, two fins (212) adapted to support high sleepers (213); - In the intermediate part, two symmetrical fins (214) adapted to support sheets (215) which delimit, with the underside of the photovoltaic modules (1), an air gap (216) for cooling said modules; - In the lower part, two symmetrical fins (217) adapted to, firstly, maintain a thermal insulation (218) which occupies the volume between the sheets (215) and flat sections (219) integral with said fins and for, on the other hand, supporting parts (4) for fixing the structure (2) to the purlins (3) of the frame; b) end longitudinal hollow profiles or linking (23), comprising: - in the upper part, a surface (231) adapted to support the photovoltaic modules (1) juxtaposed; - below said upper part, a fin (232) adapted to support the upper sleepers (213); - In the intermediate part, a fin (233) adapted to support the sheets (215) which delimit, with the underside of the photovoltaic modules (1), the air gap (216) for cooling said modules; - In the lower part, a fin (234) adapted to maintain the thermal insulation (218) occupying the volume between the sheets (215) and the flat sections (219) integral with said fin; c) low cross members (24), consisting of hollow tubes, welded to the intermediate longitudinal profiles (21) and end (23); d) longitudinal beads (25), transverse (26) and end (27), fixing the photovoltaic modules (1) to the structure (2) by means of seals (28). The sealing between the ends of the sheet (215) and the fins (214) of the intermediate longitudinal profile (21) and that (233) of the longitudinal end profile (23) is achieved by means of flexible joints (29). ).
L'étanchéité entre deux profilés longitudinaux d'extrémité ou de liaison (23), est réalisée au moyen de joints compressibles (30). Selon des caractéristiques additionnelles de l'invention : - les profilés longitudinaux d'extrémité ou de liaison (23) comportent (figure 3) une encoche permettant l'accrochage de crochets de levage (31) servant à la mise en place des sous-ensembles préfabriqués constitués de la structure métallique rigide (2), des modules photovoltaïques (1) et des diverses pièces associées ; - les profilés longitudinaux d'extrémité (23) comportent (figure 4) des tôles de rives (32) maintenues par des pièces (33) fixées auxdits profilés ; - des tôles de rattrapage basse (34) et haute (35) sont insérées (figures 5 et 6) dans les éléments préfabriqués lorsque la longueur du pan de toiture ne correspond pas à un nombre entier de modules photovoltaïques (1) ; - la rangée supérieure de modules photovoltaïques (1) est remplacée (figures 5 et 6) par une rangée de modules photovoltaïques (12) transparents ou qui comportent une partie centrale transparente destinée à l'éclairage zénithal du bâtiment ; - la rangée supérieure de modules photovoltaïques (1) est remplacée par une rangée de modules photovoltaïques (12) transparents ou qui comportent une partie centrale transparente destinée à l'éclairage zénithal du bâtiment et par des ouvrants (36) d'évacuation des fumées (figure 1) ; - les lames d'air (216) des sous-ensembles (1,2) constituant la couverture du bâtiment, sont aspirées (figure 9) au faîtage de la toiture au moyen de turbines (37) et collectées par une canalisation centrale (38) ; - les profilés longitudinaux intermédiaires (21) et d'extrémité ou de liaison (23) comportent (figures 10 et 11) des pièces (39) destinés à supporter des canalisations perforées (40) adaptées pour pulvériser de l'eau au dessus des modules photovoltaïques (1) ; - l'eau utilisée est principalement de l'eau de pluie récupérée (figure 9) par des gouttières (41) placées en bordure de la toiture et stockée à proximité. The sealing between two longitudinal end or connecting sections (23) is achieved by means of compressible joints (30). According to additional features of the invention: the longitudinal end or connecting profiles (23) comprise (FIG. 3) a notch allowing the hooking of lifting hooks (31) used for the positioning of the subassemblies prefabricated made of rigid metal structure (2), photovoltaic modules (1) and various associated parts; - The longitudinal end sections (23) comprise (Figure 4) of the edge plates (32) held by parts (33) fixed to said profiles; - Low (34) and high (35) catch-up plates are inserted (Figures 5 and 6) into the prefabricated elements when the length of the roof panel does not correspond to an integer number of photovoltaic modules (1); the top row of photovoltaic modules (1) is replaced (FIGS. 5 and 6) by a row of transparent photovoltaic modules (12) or which comprise a transparent central part intended for the zenith lighting of the building; the upper row of photovoltaic modules (1) is replaced by a row of transparent photovoltaic modules (12) or which comprise a transparent central part intended for the zenith lighting of the building and fume evacuation openings (36) ( figure 1) ; the air knives (216) of the subsets (1,2) constituting the roof of the building are sucked (FIG. 9) to the ridge of the roof by means of turbines (37) and collected by a central pipe (38); ); - The intermediate longitudinal profiles (21) and end or connecting (23) comprise (Figures 10 and 11) parts (39) for supporting perforated pipes (40) adapted to spray water over the modules photovoltaic (1); - The water used is mainly rainwater recovered (Figure 9) by gutters (41) placed at the edge of the roof and stored nearby.
A titre d'exemple non limitatif : - les modules (1) sont réalisés au moyen de deux plaques de verre, prenant en sandwich des cellules photovoltaïques (11), ayant par exemple pour dimensions : 800x1600mm; - l'isolant thermique (218) est semi-rigide et est équipé d'un pare vapeur ; - l'air destiné à refroidir les modules (1) peut être pris en hiver à l'extérieur et en été dans un puits dit « provençal » ; - des rivets (41) servent à la fixation de diverses pièces plates comme des tôles ; - des boulons (42) servent à la fixation des profilés d'extrémité ou de liaison (23) et également a la fixation des modules entre eux au faitage du bâtiment ; - les parcloses (27) comportent des joints de tenue (43) ; - les profilés d'extrémité ou de liaison (23) comportent des joints de calage (44) L'exemple représenté correspond à un bâtiment industriel à ossature béton. Les moyens de fixation de la couverture aux pannes est donc spécifique à cette application. II en est de même pour la pente de la toiture. Bien entendu, l'invention est applicable à tout type de bâtiment ou de toiture. De même, le rajout d'un solin longitudinal en plomb fixé sur les profilés d'extrémité permettra d'intégrer l'invention à tout type de toiture. Bien qu'initialement conçu pour le domaine photovoltaïque, la couverture selon l'invention pourrait voir son application étendue à d'autres domaines et plus particulièrement au domaine thermique. Bien entendu, l'homme de métier sera apte à réaliser l'invention telle que décrite et représentée en appliquant et en adaptant des moyens connus sans qu'il soit nécessaire de les décrire ou de les représenter. Il pourra également prévoir d'autres variantes sans pour cela sortir du cadre de l'invention qui est déterminé par la teneur des revendications. By way of nonlimiting example: the modules (1) are made by means of two glass plates, sandwiching photovoltaic cells (11), for example having dimensions: 800 × 1600 mm; the thermal insulation (218) is semi-rigid and is equipped with a vapor barrier; - The air intended to cool the modules (1) can be taken in winter outside and in summer in a so-called "Provençal" well; rivets (41) are used for fixing various flat parts such as sheets; - bolts (42) are used for fixing the end profiles or connection (23) and also for fixing the modules together to the building; - The glazing beads (27) comprise seals (43); - The end profiles or connection (23) comprise wedging joints (44) The example shown is an industrial building with concrete frame. The means for fixing the cover to failures is therefore specific to this application. It is the same for the slope of the roof. Of course, the invention is applicable to any type of building or roof. Similarly, the addition of a longitudinal lead flashing attached to the end profiles will integrate the invention to any type of roof. Although initially designed for the photovoltaic field, the cover according to the invention could see its application extended to other areas and more particularly to the thermal field. Of course, those skilled in the art will be able to carry out the invention as described and represented by applying and adapting known means without it being necessary to describe them or to represent them. It may also provide other variants without departing from the scope of the invention which is determined by the content of the claims.
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0904799A FR2950911B1 (en) | 2009-10-07 | 2009-10-07 | INTEGRATED PREFABRICATED PHOTOVOLTAIC COVERAGE |
PCT/FR2010/000665 WO2011042625A2 (en) | 2009-10-07 | 2010-10-06 | Built-in prefabricated photovoltaic cover |
EP10781925A EP2486601A2 (en) | 2009-10-07 | 2010-10-06 | Built-in prefabricated photovoltaic cover |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR0904799A FR2950911B1 (en) | 2009-10-07 | 2009-10-07 | INTEGRATED PREFABRICATED PHOTOVOLTAIC COVERAGE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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FR2950911A1 true FR2950911A1 (en) | 2011-04-08 |
FR2950911B1 FR2950911B1 (en) | 2014-01-03 |
Family
ID=42537483
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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FR0904799A Expired - Fee Related FR2950911B1 (en) | 2009-10-07 | 2009-10-07 | INTEGRATED PREFABRICATED PHOTOVOLTAIC COVERAGE |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP2486601A2 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2950911B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011042625A2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
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NL2012070C2 (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2015-07-13 | Scx Solar B V | PREFABRICATED ROOF ELEMENT WITH AT LEAST ONE SOLAR PANEL, CONSTRUCTION WORK AND METHOD. |
WO2016001695A1 (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2016-01-07 | ArcelorMittal Investigación y Desarrollo, S.L. | Panel provided with a photovoltaic device |
US10505492B2 (en) | 2016-02-12 | 2019-12-10 | Solarcity Corporation | Building integrated photovoltaic roofing assemblies and associated systems and methods |
CN116307522A (en) * | 2023-02-14 | 2023-06-23 | 广州佰仲企业管理顾问有限公司 | Distributed photovoltaic power station material calculation method and system |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP2626651A1 (en) * | 2012-02-07 | 2013-08-14 | Pierluigi Carini | Photovoltaic plant |
WO2024100123A1 (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2024-05-16 | Raymond Solar AB | Prefabricated solar panel roof section |
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DE19902650A1 (en) * | 1999-01-24 | 2000-07-27 | Mueller Gerald Patrick | Process for the recovery of solar energy comprises using a thin layer solar cell and removing thermal energy using an air heat exchanger or a water heat exchanger below the cell |
EP1035591A1 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2000-09-13 | Coöperatief Advies en Onderzoeksburo u.a. Ecofys | Cover system for arranging on a surface one or more solar elements such as solar panels and/or solar thermal collectors |
EP1548202A2 (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2005-06-29 | Isolpack S.p.A. | An insulating panel for building purposes |
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2009
- 2009-10-07 FR FR0904799A patent/FR2950911B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2010
- 2010-10-06 EP EP10781925A patent/EP2486601A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-10-06 WO PCT/FR2010/000665 patent/WO2011042625A2/en active Application Filing
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DE19902650A1 (en) * | 1999-01-24 | 2000-07-27 | Mueller Gerald Patrick | Process for the recovery of solar energy comprises using a thin layer solar cell and removing thermal energy using an air heat exchanger or a water heat exchanger below the cell |
EP1035591A1 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2000-09-13 | Coöperatief Advies en Onderzoeksburo u.a. Ecofys | Cover system for arranging on a surface one or more solar elements such as solar panels and/or solar thermal collectors |
EP1548202A2 (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2005-06-29 | Isolpack S.p.A. | An insulating panel for building purposes |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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NL2012070C2 (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2015-07-13 | Scx Solar B V | PREFABRICATED ROOF ELEMENT WITH AT LEAST ONE SOLAR PANEL, CONSTRUCTION WORK AND METHOD. |
WO2016001695A1 (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2016-01-07 | ArcelorMittal Investigación y Desarrollo, S.L. | Panel provided with a photovoltaic device |
WO2016001738A1 (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2016-01-07 | Arcelormittal | Panel equipped with a photovoltaic device |
EA032890B1 (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2019-07-31 | Арселормиттал | Panel equipped with a photovoltaic device |
EA032890B9 (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2019-09-30 | Арселормиттал | Panel equipped with a photovoltaic device |
EA033481B1 (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2019-10-31 | Arcelormittal | Panel provided with a photovoltaic device |
US10879841B2 (en) | 2014-07-01 | 2020-12-29 | Arcelormittal | Panel equipped with a photovoltaic device |
US10505492B2 (en) | 2016-02-12 | 2019-12-10 | Solarcity Corporation | Building integrated photovoltaic roofing assemblies and associated systems and methods |
CN116307522A (en) * | 2023-02-14 | 2023-06-23 | 广州佰仲企业管理顾问有限公司 | Distributed photovoltaic power station material calculation method and system |
CN116307522B (en) * | 2023-02-14 | 2024-01-30 | 广州佰仲企业管理顾问有限公司 | Distributed photovoltaic power station material calculation method and system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2486601A2 (en) | 2012-08-15 |
FR2950911B1 (en) | 2014-01-03 |
WO2011042625A3 (en) | 2012-03-22 |
WO2011042625A4 (en) | 2012-05-10 |
WO2011042625A2 (en) | 2011-04-14 |
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