FR2907156A1 - DEVICE FOR SECURING A SCALE. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) for securing a ladder (2), intended to be placed in its upper part against a support such as in particular gutters, channels, acroteria, characterized in that it is constituted by at least one arm (3, 4) having, on the one hand, means (5) for fixing said at least one arm (3, 4) on the ladder so as to rigidly secure said at least one an arm at said scale (2), in a position in which the axis of the arm (6) forms a non-zero angle with the plane of said ladder (7) and on the other hand, an elongated element (7) of delta longitudinal axis orthogonal to the main direction of said ladder (2) when said device (1) is attached to said ladder (2) and wherein said elongate member, said at least one arm and said ladder are intended to mutually cooperate to grab the ladder on the stand.

Description

The present invention relates to a device for securing a

  ladder intended to be placed in its upper part against a support such as in particular gutters, channels, acroteria. It will thus allow the maintenance of a ladder against its support or various construction works in order to guarantee the stability of the ladder, preventing its fall or tilting even before the user climbs on it. The positioning of ladders is now achieved by placing the ladder against its support in support on its two feet on the ground. However, in this case, the ladder may when climbing the user is slipping of the foot or tilt laterally sliding on its support. Currently, however, there are systems for: - widening the spacing of the feet to prevent lateral tilting but not preventing slippage, - to ensure the attachment of a ladder in its upper part by means of clamps for fix the ladder on the support but requiring a first climb on the unsecured ladder. The object of the present invention is to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks by proposing a device for securing a ladder to prevent against lateral tilting and against sliding of the ladder, not requiring a first climb on the ladder unsecured. Another object of the invention is to provide a device for securing a ladder to ensure the attachment of the ladder against a support type gutters, channels, or the like. Another object of the invention is to provide a device for securing a ladder to ensure the attachment of the ladder on a support type acroterium or any high projecting part of a wall. Another object of the invention is to provide a universal safety device, to ensure the safety of the ladder on a support type gutters, channels or equivalents or on its support type acroterion or high of wall. Another object of the invention is to provide a device 2907156 2 secured to a scale compatible with standard scales including substantially consisting of longitudinal members, between which are fixed regularly spaced transverse bars. Another object of the invention is to provide a scale equipped with such a device to prevent users of falls. Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the description which follows, which is given for information only and which is not intended to limit it. The invention relates firstly to a device for securing a ladder intended to be placed in its upper part against a support such as in particular gutters, channels, acroteria. According to the invention, the device is constituted by at least one arm having, on the one hand, means for fixing said at least one arm on the scale so as to rigidly secure said at least one arm to said scale, in a position in which the axis of the arm forms a non-zero angle with the plane of said scale, and secondly, an elongated element of longitudinal axis 8 orthogonal to the main direction of said scale when the device is attached to said ladder, and wherein the elongate member, said at least one arm, and said ladder are intended to mutually cooperate to grip the ladder on the support. The invention will also relate to a ladder equipped with a device according to the invention. The invention will be better understood on reading the following description accompanied by the appended drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a safety device according to a first embodiment according to the invention; FIG. 2 is a detailed view of the frame A as illustrated in FIG. 1, more particularly illustrating the means for fixing said at least one arm on the ladder, particularly intended for the safety of the ladder; on a support of the type gutters or channels, - Figure 3 is a detail view of the frame C as shown in the 2907156 Figure 2, - Figure 4 is a detail view of the frame B as illustrated in Figure 1, - Figure 5 is a view of a ladder equipped with the safety device as shown in Figure 1, in a first position of the device relative to the ladder to ensure the safety of the ladder on a gutter, Channels or equivalent, Figure 6 is a detail view of the frame D as shown in Figure 5, Figure 7 is a view of the safety device as shown in Figure 1, attached to a ladder. in a second angular position of the device with respect to the ladder, making it possible to secure the ladder on a parapet or top of the wall; FIG. 8 is a view according to section EE as illustrated; 7 is a detail view of the frame F as shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 10 is a view of the ladder and its safety device as illustrated in FIG. 5 secured on a support type 20 gutter, including semi-round gutter, - Figure 11 is a view along the section GG as shown in Figure 10, - Figure 12 is a detailed view of the frame H tel 11, 25 - FIG. 13 is a view of the ladder and its safety device as it is shown in FIG. 5 is secured on a support of the gutter type, in particular Le Havre gutter, FIG. 14 is a view according to the section JJ as illustrated in FIG. 13, FIG. 15 is a detailed view of FIG. frame K as illustrated in FIG. 14, FIG. 16 is a front view of the ladder and its device as illustrated in FIG. 5, secured on a gutter-type support, in particular a gutter square section, - Figure 17 is a view according to the section LL of Figure 16, - Figure 18 is a detail view of the frame M as shown in Figure 17, - Figures 19, 20, 21 and 22 are side views showing the various steps of the installation of the ladder and its safety device in a gutter, FIG 23 is a view of a safety device according to the invention according to a second mode of FIG. 24 is a side view of the device as illustrated in FIG. Fig. 23; Fig. 25 is a view of two monobloc arms of the device as shown in Fig. 23; Fig. 26 is a view of a welded iron arm support of an H-structure. First of all, there is a device 1 for securing a ladder 2 intended to be placed in its upper part against a support. This support can be in particular a gutter, channels, acroteria, high wall or the like. According to the invention, the device comprises at least one arm 3, 4 having, on the one hand, means 5 for fixing said at least one arm 3, 4 on the ladder so as to rigidly secure said at least one arm 25 at said scale, in a position in which the axis of the arm forms a non-zero angle with the plane of said scale 2, and secondly, an elongated element 7 having a longitudinal axis 8 orthogonal to the direction principal of said scale 2 when the device 1 is attached to said scale 2. The elongated element 7, said at least one arm 3, 4, and said scale 2 are able to cooperate mutually 30 to grip the scale on the support. As illustrated in the figures, the elongate member 7 is substantially parallel to the plane of said ladder when the securing device 1 is attached thereto. The elongated element 7 is in particular fastened to the end of said at least one arm 3, 4, rigidly according to an alternative embodiment of the invention, or articulated to said pivot arm, as we shall see later. . Advantageously, in order to prevent the tilting optimally, the elongated element 7 may be longer than the width of the scale 2 so as to project on either side of said scale 2 when said device is fixed to this one. The length of the element 7 may be in particular at least equal to twice the width of the scale. The means 5 for fixing said at least one arm on the scale 2 may allow at least a first position P1 of the device 1 with respect to the scale 2 in which the at least one arm 3, 4 is at an acute angle to the the main direction of the ladder 2 extending downwardly such that said ladder can rest in a trough 31, channels or the like, at least resting on said elongate member 7. This first position of the device 1 by 1 is particularly illustrated in the example of FIG. 5. According to this example, the safety device 1 has two arms 3, 4, each of the arms forming an angle of approximately 12 with the plane of the 'ladder. According to one embodiment, the acute angle formed between said at least one arm 3, 4 and the main direction of the scale can be between 5 and 20. More particularly, according to the example of FIG. 15, during the installation of the ladder with its safety device in a gutter 31, the device and its elongate element are passed over the gutter 31, on the roof 30. The elongate element is then slid downward until it is positioned in the trough 31, as illustrated in FIG. 15. In this position, as illustrated in FIGS. 15, the feet of the ladder rest on the ground, the upper part of the ladder being secured, the elongated element 7, housed in the trough 31. In this position, the uprights 20 or spars of the ladder 2 may cooperate with the trough 31 at its free border 32. The ladder and its safety device and can firmly grip the ladder to the gutter 31 to prevent further lateral tilting of said ladder but also against the slide of is 5 feet. Advantageously, according to an improved embodiment, said elongated element 7 can be provided pivotally articulated with respect to said at least one arm 3, 4 along an axis of rotation parallel to its axis S. Elastic return means can further constrain the elongate element 7 to 10 the opening. As illustrated in FIG. 4, the device may comprise return springs at the point of pivoting between the said at least one arm 3, 4 and the said elongated element 7. These arrangements will make it possible, first of all, to adapt at best The positioning of the elongated element in the gutter, channels or the like, regardless of the inclination of the ladder 2 with respect to the ground. These arrangements also advantageously make it possible to insert the elongated element in a gutter-like support, channels or the like, by a simple downward movement of the ladder, even when the end of the roof 30 partially covers the roof. gutter 31, such as in particular illustrated in Figures 12, 18 or 19 to 22. According to this embodiment for which the elongated member is pivotally articulated relative to said at least one arm 3, 4, the rotation amplitude of the elongate member may be limited when the device is attached to said scale. Said elongated element 7 can in particular abut against the uprights of the ladder under the force of the elastic return means 71. This embodiment is particularly illustrated in FIG. 20. According to one embodiment, the elongated element 7 may also have a curvilinear or curved profile, thin, adapted to be inserted between the lower end of a roof 30 and a corresponding gutter 31.

The installation of a ladder with the elongated element 7 articulated to the arms 3, 4 is particularly illustrated in FIGS. 20 to 22. According to this example, the ladder is positioned against the free edge of the gutter 30. elongated element 7 positioned above and in line with the gutter 31.

The user can then slide the ladder down along the ladder rails 20 until the curved edge of the elongated member 7 engages with the gutter. The descent movement causes the closure of the elongated element against the elastic return means until the correct positioning of the elongated element 7 in the gutter.

According to one embodiment, the elongated element 7 has a back 8 ', the radius of curvature of which is intended to fit at least partially with the internal wall of a gutter. As illustrated in FIG. 22, in the final use position, the elongated element 7 matches the inner wall of the trough, at least in part, the ladder uprights cooperating with the free edge of said trough 31. This method of setting up the ladder is also used for the implementation of the ladder in support on a gutter, as illustrated in Figures 10 to 12 or 16 to 18. In all cases, in the final position, the elongated element 7 cooperates with the trough 31, housed in the latter. In this position, the scale 2 may or may not engage with the free edge of the groove 31. For example in Figure 12, the scale 2 bears against the edge 12 of the gutter, while in the final position illustrated in FIG. 18, the beams of the ladder 2 do not come into contact with the free edge of the gutter 31.

According to one embodiment, the safety device may have two arms 3, 4 parallel. Advantageously, the means 5 for fixing said at least one arm 3, 4 on the scale 2 allow at least one position P2 of the device relative to the scale in which said arms 3, 4 form substantially a right angle, or an angle obtuse, with respect to the main direction of the scale (or in relation to the plane of the scale) so that said scale can rest on the lower surface 2907156 8 of the two arms 3, 4 of said device on an acroterium 40. In this position, the elongated element 7 projects downward below the level of the upper edge of said acroterium 40, on the opposite side to the scale, so as to form, with said arms, a hook for the parapet. This embodiment 5 is particularly illustrated in FIGS. 7 to 9. According to an advantageous embodiment, the security device 1 can be provided for universal purposes, making it possible, on the one hand, to secure the ladder on a support of the type channel or gutter, in a first position P1 of the safety device relative to said scale, and secondly, to make the ladder safe on a support acroterion type, in a second position P2 of the device of security with respect to said ladder. Also, advantageously, this device 1 has two parallel arms 3, 4, the means 5 for fixing said at least one arm on the scale 15 allowing a double angular positioning of said device 1 with respect to said scale 2. In a position P1, said first position, the arms form an acute angle with respect to the plane of the scale 2 and extend downwardly so that said ladder can rest in a channel, channels or the like at least resting on said elongated element 7 and in a position P2, said second position, the arms form substantially a right angle, or an obtuse angle, with respect to the plane of the scale 2, so that said scale can rest in abutment on the lower surface of the two arm of said device on a parapet, the elongated element 7 projecting down below the level of the upper edge of the acroterion, the opposite side to said scale 7. Advantageously, in the case of a n universal safety device whose elongated element 7 is provided in articulation relative to the arms 3, 4 along the axis of rotation parallel to the axis 8, said device 30 may have means 17 for blocking the rotation of the elongate element 7 with respect to the arms 3, 4 so that the elongate arm / elongated element 4 / unit 7 forms a hook 10, as illustrated in particular in FIG. 9. The means 17 for blocking the rotation of the elongated element 7 with respect to the arms 3, 4 may take the form of a pin 27 adapted to engage with two through-holes, respectively of the elongated element 7 and 5 of said at least one arm 3, 4 , According to one embodiment, the scale 2 may be a standard scale of the type substantially consisting of uprights 20 (or spars) between which are provided. transverse bars 21.

Advantageously, the means 5 for attaching said at least one arm to the ladder may be of the removable type, able to engage with at least one bar 21 of said ladder 2. According to another embodiment, said ladder 2 may be provided specific, especially with arrangements to facilitate the attachment of the device to scale.

That being so, according to one embodiment, the fixing means 5 of said at least one arm 3, 4 on the scale of the removable type are able to engage with at least one bar 21 of said scale. Said means 5 may comprise at least one sleeve 11 in two parts 12, 13 articulated with respect to each other, able to grip a bar 21 of the scale 2. This embodiment is particularly illustrated in FIGS. In this example, the sleeve is of square section, dimensioned such as to prohibit the rotation of said sleeve relative to a bar 21 of square section. A mechanical clamping or screwing system makes it possible to secure the two parts of the sleeve with respect to each other in a closed position. According to this example, the positions P1 or P2, as illustrated in Figure 5 and Figure 9 are obtained by the rotation in a quarter turn of the device. According to another embodiment in accordance with the example of FIG. 23, the means 5 for fixing said arm to the scale are able to engage 30 with two consecutive bars of said ladder. They comprise an arm support 14 comprising at least two end pieces 15, 16 arranged to engage respectively with the two faces opposite two consecutive bars 21. A mechanism, in particular screwing, makes it possible to separate the end pieces 15, 16 relative to each other to a locking position 5 of said end pieces with the bars, or on the contrary to bring the end pieces 15, 16 closer to each other. relative to each other in order to disassemble the device. According to the example of FIG. 23, the arm support 14 in particular consisting of welded square tubes, has an H-shaped structure, the two parallel wings of the H being provided at each of their ends, respectively with one of the endpieces 15. 16. One of the end pieces can be actuated by a screwing mechanism, the other being fixed. According to the example of FIG. 23, the arms 3, 4 are constituted by a monoblock element 40 whose base 41 is semi-rigid. tubular of square section may be nested at the intermediate flange 42, of square section of the arm support 14 (in H).

Advantageously, the two positions P1, P2 of the device relative to the scale are obtained by two possible interlockings of the base 41 on the arm support 14, after rotation of a quarter of a turn. As illustrated in the example of FIG. 23, the elongated element 7 can result from the assembly, in particular by screwing, of flat irons 71 of shape in severe accent and of longitudinal rods 72. elastics may be constituted by torsion springs. We now describe in detail the example of Figure 1. The illustrated device comprises a part (elongate element 7) whose slice 25 looks like a grave accent and sufficient length, which we will call banana. Its shape allows it to slide in the various supports (gutter, channels) by resting on the inner part of the support thanks to its outer part.

According to this example, the banana piece is free to rotate about its longitudinal axis maintained in the rest position by means of a return spring 2907156. This banana plus spring assembly is held at the end of two arms of the device. The arms 3, 4 are attached to the scale by two jaws (two parts of the sleeve), trapping a bar of the ladder.

These arms are rigidly connected to the scale allowing the banana piece, in the rest position, to be pressed against the amounts of the ladder. When positioning the ladder, the ladder is supported against its support and is slid vertically until the banana piece 10 is placed in support in the support. The invention will also relate to a scale consisting substantially of uprights 20 (or longitudinal members) between which transverse bars 21 are provided, equipped with a device 1 according to the invention.

The safety device for gripping the ladder firmly to a support. This will equip the ladder with a fall arrest system for the user to ensure the particular users on the scale. This fall arrest device may comprise a link such as a cable or a rope intended to be tied at the top of the ladder and a harness. Naturally, other embodiments could have been envisaged by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention defined by the claims below. 11

Claims (15)

  1. Device (1) for securing a ladder (2) intended to be placed in its upper part against a support such as in particular gutters, channels, acroterres, characterized in that it consists of at least one arm (3, 4) having, on the one hand, means (5) for fixing said at least one arm (3, 4) on the ladder so as to rigidly secure said at least one arm to said ladder ( 2), in a position in which the axis of the arm (6) forms a non-zero angle with the plane of said scale, and secondly, an elongated element (7) of longitudinal axis 8 orthogonal to the main direction of said ladder (2) when said device (1) is attached to said ladder (2), and wherein said elongate member, said at least one arm and said ladder are adapted to mutually cooperate to grip the ladder on the support .   2. Device according to claim 1 wherein the elongated element (7) is longer than the width of the scale (2) so as to project on either side of said scale (2) when said device is attached to it   3. Device according to claim 1 or 2 wherein said elongated element (7) is pivotally articulated with respect to said at least one arm (3,   4) along an axis of rotation parallel to its longitudinal axis 8 and in which elastic return means (8) constrain the elongated element (7) to the opening. 4. Device according to claim 3, wherein the amplitude of rotation of the elongated element is limited when said device is attached to said scale, said elongated element (7) abutting against the amounts of the scale under the force of the elastic return means (71)   5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the elongate element (7) has a curvilinear profile, thin, adapted to be inserted between the lower end of a roof (30) and a gutter (31). ) corresponding.   6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the elongated element (7) has a back (8) whose radius of curvature is provided to match the inner wall of a gutter.   7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the means (5) for fixing said at least one arm on the scale allows at least one position (P1) of said device (1) relative to the ladder (2) wherein said at least one arm (3, 4) is at an acute angle to the main direction of the ladder (2) extending downwardly so that said ladder can rest in a gutter (31), channels or the like at least resting on said elongated element (7). 10   8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, having two arms (3, 4) parallel and wherein the means (5) for fixing said at least one arm (3, 4) on the scale allows at least one position (P2) of said device with respect to the scale in which said arms (3,4) substantially form a right angle, see an obtuse angle, with respect to the plane of the ladder (2) so that said ladder may rest resting on the lower surface of the two arms (3,4) of said device on a parapet (40), the elongated element (6) projecting downwards below the level of the upper edge of said acroterion (40) on the opposite side to said scale.   9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, 20 having two parallel arms (3, 4) and wherein the means (5) for fixing said at least one arm on the scale allow a double angular positioning of said device ( 1) relative to said scale (2), a position (P1), said first position, wherein the arms (3, 4) form an acute angle with respect to the plane of the scale (2) and extend towards the bottom so that said ladder can rest in a channel (31), channels or the like at least resting on said elongated element (7) and a position (P2), said second position, in which the arms (3, 4) form substantially a right angle, see an obtuse angle, with respect to the plane of the ladder (2) so that said ladder can rest in abutment on the lower surface of the two arms (3, 3 4) of said device on an acroterium (40), the elongated element (7) projecting down below the level of the acroterion, on the opposite side 2907156 14 to said scale.   10. Device (1) according to claim 3 taken in combination with claim 8 or 9, wherein the elongated element (7) is provided in articulation relative to the arms (3, 4) along the axis of rotation parallel to the axis 5 8, said device (1) having means (17) for locking the rotation of the elongated element (7) relative to the arms (3, 4) so that the arm assembly (3) 4) / elongated element (7) substantially forms a hook (10).   11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein said ladder (2) consists substantially of uprights (20) between which are provided transverse bars (21), said means (5) for fixing said at least one arm on the ladder being of the removable type, able to engage with at least one bar (21) of said ladder.   12. The device according to claim 11, wherein said means (5) for fixing said at least one arm on the scale comprises at least one sleeve (11) in two parts (12,   13), articulated relative to each other, able to grip a bar (21) of the scale (2). 13. Device according to claim 11, wherein the means (5) for fixing said arm on the scale are able to engage with two consecutive bars of said ladder, said means comprising an arm support (14) comprising at least two endpieces (15, 16) arranged to engage respectively with the two faces opposite two consecutive bars (21), a mechanism for moving said end pieces (15, 16) relative to one another to a locking position of said end pieces with the bars or on the contrary to bring the end pieces (15, 16) relative to each other, in order to disassemble the device.   14. Scale (2) substantially constituted by uprights (20) between which are provided transverse bars (21), characterized in that it is equipped with a device (1) according to claims 1 to 13. 30   15. Scale (2) according to claim 14, having a fall arrest system for the user comprising a link such as a cable or a rope and a harness.