FR2873141A1 - Modular prefabricated panel for swimming pool construction has anchoring lip or sole along lower edge to form part of base - Google Patents

Abstract

The panel (1), which can be flat or in a convex or concave curve, has an anchoring lip or sole (4) running along the length of its lower edge that forms part of the swimming pool base. The panel also has lengthwise reinforcing elements above the lip, an upper rim that faces in the opposite direction to the lip, and vertical returns (8) at its ends, pierced with holes for (9) assembly rods. The lip can be covered with cast concrete (5) when the panels are assembled inside an excavated pit.

Description

Modular panels and method for building swimming pools, and

  swimming pools obtained by the implementation of this method.

  The present invention relates to prefabricated modular panels for the construction of swimming pools; it also relates to a process for producing swimming pools using these panels, as well as the pools resulting from the implementation of this method and these panels.

  More specifically, although not exclusively, the invention relates to a pool manufacturing system made of laminated polyester.

  The pools consisting essentially of a molded polyester shell mainly have the advantage of a relatively low cost; However, this kind of pools is affected by shortcomings and disadvantages that lead many buyers to choose types of more expensive pools such as swimming pools, industrialized pools, traditional pools, etc. Among these shortcomings or disadvantages, we retain in particular: - a choice of forms limited to the shapes and sizes of existing molds; - the impossibility of personalization on demand at a reasonable cost; - accessibility and dimensions limited by road transport regulations; difficulty of access to the site or site of implantation; - the possibility of lifting the pool in the event of a groundwater surge, due to the absence of concrete screeds.

  An object of the invention is the realization of swimming pools enjoying the advantages and qualities of polyester laminate constructions (cleanliness, resistance, difficulty of attachment of algae, etc.), without being affected by the deficiencies and disadvantages previously highlighted, while benefiting other interesting advantages outlined below.

  According to the invention, this object is achieved by a method according to which prefabricated polyester panels having, at their base, a horizontal anchoring lip are placed vertically in the bottom of a dig and assembled to each other in a position according to which said bottom anchor lip is oriented towards the interior of the work in progress, a concrete screed is then cast on the bottom of the excavation so as to cover said lower lip with anchorage.

  According to a preferred embodiment of this method, the concrete screed is covered and a lower band or zone recessed from the inner surface of the panels, after positioning and assembly thereof, by means of a waterproofing coating and facing.

  The modular polyester panels according to the invention are remarkable in that they comprise, at their base, a longitudinal anchoring lip extending, preferably, over the entire length of said base, this lower lip being oriented in a direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to said panels, this lower lip extending from the face of the panels intended to form the inner surface of future basins.

  According to a preferred embodiment, the lower part of the panels comprises a longitudinal trough extending above the lower anchor lip, for example on a height of about 10 cm.

  Preferably, the panels comprise, at their upper part, a flange extending perpendicularly or substantially perpendicularly to said panels, this flange intended to serve as a lip or lip support being oriented inversely with respect to the lower anchoring lip.

  According to another interesting embodiment, the polyester modular panels have a concave or convex curved shape.

  The invention provides many advantages, among which is emphasized: the possibility of making pools from prefabricated modular elements of simple shapes, easy to obtain by common processes, light, easily handled by two people only, clutter reduced and, therefore, easily storable and transportable to the site of implantation; - the possibility of marketing the components, materials and accessories needed for assembling pools, in the form of kits, this modular solution to meet the expectations of both professionals and individuals.

  - a significant reduction in the time of assembly of swimming pools; according to the dimensions of these, the installation of the vertical walls of the pools can be done in one or two days only with a reduced number of performers; - The ability to run swimming pools of various shapes, prefabricated panels allowing a very large combination of shapes, with a small number of identical elements concave or convex; - the removal of the traditional liner.

  The above and other objects, features and advantages will become more apparent from the following description and accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a prefabricated modular element concave according to the invention.

  Figure 2 is a front view of this element. Figure 3 is a plan view of Figure 2.

  Figure 4 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a prefabricated convex modular element.

  Figure 5 is a front view of this element. Figure 6 is a plan view of Figure 5.

  Figure 7 is a perspective view of a concave element provided with an opening for the installation of the skimmer.

  Figure 8 is a perspective view of a concave element provided with a staircase.

  Figure 9 is a perspective view of a vertical wall portion formed by assembling a concave panel and a convex panel.

  Figure 10 is a perspective view of a vertical wall portion formed by the assembly of two concave panels.

  Figures 11, 12, 13 are plan views illustrating different corner assemblies constituted by the assembly of straight panels, Figures 11 and 12 showing two examples of reentrant angles while Figure 13 illustrates an example of angle projecting.

  Figures 14a, 14b, 14c are partial views, in section, illustrating different successive phases of the method of the invention.

  Figure 15 is a sectional view showing a pool portion resulting from the implementation of the method and modular panels according to the invention.

  Referring to said drawings to describe interesting examples, although not limiting, of realization of the modular panels and implementation of the method according to the invention.

  In the following description, the words "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "lateral", "interior" are used in view of the functional raised position of the panels when they are used for mounting It goes without saying that these words have no limiting character.

  According to the method of the invention prefabricated panels 1, 2, 3, ... for example made of laminated polyester and having, at their base, a horizontal anchoring lip or sole 4 are placed vertically on the bottom F d ' a search and assembled one after the other in a position in which said lower anchor lip 4 is oriented towards the interior of the work in progress, then poured a concrete screed 5 on the bottom of the excavation so as to cover said lower anchoring lip 4, for example on a height of the order of a few centimeters.

  It is conceivable that after drying of the concrete screed 5, the enclosure wall of the pool constituted by the assembly of panels 1, 2, 3, ..., is firmly anchored, by its base, in said screed , so that any risk of lifting the pool in case of surge of the water table, is removed.

  The prefabricated panels according to the invention 1, 2, 3, ..., preferably, are made of laminated polyester and can be obtained by any suitable molding process. These panels comprise a vertical wall 6 which can be flat (panels 3 of FIGS. 11, 12 and 13), concave (panel 1 of FIGS. 1, 2 and 3), convex, (panel 2 of FIGS. 4, 5 and 6), or may present a combination of these forms. They can have various dimensions, for example depending on the dimensions of the pools to be made.

  The panels 1, 2, 3, .., comprise, at their base, a horizontal lip or bottom flange 4 intended to be embedded in the concrete screed 5. This lip extends, preferably, over the entire length of the panel , perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the wall 6, from the inner face thereof.

  The panels 1, 2, 3, ..., on the other hand, comprise, at their upper part, a horizontal lip or flange 7 extending over their entire length and whose orientation is inverted with respect to that of the lip 4. This upper horizontal lip is oriented towards the outside of the completed work and is intended to serve as a lip or a support lip.

  Laterally, the panels 1, 2, 3, ..., comprise a vertical or end flange return 8 provided with superimposed holes 9 for the passage of the rod assembly members, for example consisting of bolts.

  When mounting the enclosure wall of a pool, the polyester panels 1, 2, 3, ..., thus executed, are abutted by means of their end flanges 8 and assembled together by bolting . One or more seals may be interposed between the adjoining end flanges of the adjacent panels prior to assembly thereof.

  It is understood that with a small number of components, it is possible to achieve a wide variety of basin shape. For example with only quarter-circle panels of 1.5 m concave radius and quarter-circle panels of 1.5 m convex radius, it is already possible to obtain a large number of combinations of basin shapes. But we can make panels of larger dimensions, for example panels with radii of 2, 3 or 4 m, concave and convex.

  FIG. 9 shows a portion of the enclosure wall constituted by the assembly of a convex panel 2 and a concave panel 1, while FIG. 10 represents a portion of the enclosure wall constituted by the assembly of two concave panels 1.

  FIG. 7 illustrates a concave modular panel 1 'provided with an opening 10 for mounting the skimmer, while FIG. 8 shows another concave modular panel 1 "provided with an internal staircase 11.

  According to a preferred embodiment, the lower part of the panels 1, 2, 3, 1 ', 1 ", ..., is provided with a longitudinal channel 12 or shallow recess extending above the lower anchoring lip 4 of said panels, for example to a height of 10 cm.

  An exemplary implementation of the method and prefabricated panels according to the invention is described below.

  After flattening the bottom F of the excavation, the polyester panels 1, 2, 3, ..., are placed on said bottom (Figure 14a) and assembled together, according to the assembly plan adopted by the buyer. To facilitate the positioning of the modular elements, they are preferably placed on wood cleats, for example 5 cm thick, which can be left and embedded in the concrete screed.

  Each element 1, 2, 3, ..., is fixed to the following by bolting the vertical returns 8. The vertical seal is achieved by means of a seal, for example by means of a compressible elastomer seal sandwiched between the vertical returns 8 and crushed by the final bolting.

  It is then proceeded to pour the screed concrete screed 5 (Figure 14b), for example 10 cm thick, in the shape of the basin defined by the enclosure wall, so as to anchor the base in the form of L panels 1, 2, 3, ..., constituting said wall. To avoid the risk of possible cracking of the screed 5, the latter may be covered with a layer or coating of smoothing or smoothing.

  It is understood that it is possible with the method and the prefabricated panels according to the invention, to make basins with a flat bottom, for example of a uniform depth of the order of 1.20 m or less, depending on the depression said panels or according to the thickness of the screed, or basins partially or completely sloped bottom. It is therefore very simple to make small basins and / or large basins.

  Optionally, depending on the drying conditions, it is possible to complete the screed / enclosure wall joint with a water repellent cement coating.

  The yoke 5 is covered by a waterproofing and facing coating 13, which also covers a narrow strip or lower zone of the panels 1, 2, 3, ..., materialized by the recess 12 (Figure 14c).

  This coating 13 may consist of: either an elastomeric coating applied in the liquid state on the receiving surfaces of the yoke 5 and the enclosure wall, the recess portion 12 of which is completely filled by said coating; either by in-situ polyester lamination, using a gelled coating identical to that used for the manufacture of the panels.

  When the pool has adjacent flat panels forming an angle between them, it is necessary to use corner posts to assemble these panels together.

  FIG. 11 illustrates the assembly of two flat panels 3 forming a reentrant angle at 90, while FIG. 13 shows the assembly of two flat panels forming an angle projecting at 90, by means of a square corner post 14. .

  The square corner posts 14 consist of galvanized metal tubes, for example, 15 x 15 cm section, provided with perforations superimposed on two of their perpendicular faces, to allow fixing by bolting, after interposition of a gasket. sealing, flat panels 3.

  When it comes to an angle entering at 90 (FIG. 11), the vertical returns 8 of the planar panels are fixed, by bolting, on the square corner post 14.

  When it is 90-angle projecting (Figure 13), it is necessary to remove, for example, by sawing, an end portion of the upper lip or flange 7 of the two adjacent panels 3 corresponding to the width of the square corner post 14 and remove the vertical return 8 of at least one of said panels. In this case, the post 14 is housed in the angle formed by the wall 6 and the vertical return 8 of one of the panels and the fixing of the latter on said corner post is obtained by means of screws passing through holes practiced near the vertical edge of the wall 6 of the other panel and said vertical return.

  These posts are driven into the ground, to a depth of 30 cm and implanted in a concrete anchor 15.

  After fixing the panels 3 on the posts 14, the latter can be filled with liquid concrete 14a to increase their effects of force pillars.

  When the panels and in particular the flat panels 3 form a re-entrant angle of less than or greater than 90 (FIG. 12), they are fixed on a galvanized metal post 16 of the piano hinge type with a more or less open V-shaped section. This type of corner post responds to all assemblies forming reentrant angles between 15 and 180. In this case, the vertical returns 8 of the adjacent panels are bolted to the flanges of the posts 16. Once the positioning and bolting have been performed, the variable angle post 16 is preferably filled with liquid concrete and some vertical twisted irons. It thus fulfills the function of a pillar of force, the rear formwork of the V formed by the post thus being constituted by a vertical plank.

  The filling of the excavation, outside the enclosure wall of the pool, can be performed after pouring the concrete screed, or after execution of 10 waterproofing coating and siding.

Claims (9)

-10- CLAIMS   1. Modular prefabricated panels, for example, laminated polyester, characterized in that they comprise, at their base, a longitudinal anchoring lip or sole (4) extending preferably over the entire length of said base said lower lip being oriented in a direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to said panels and extending from the face of the panels (1, 2, 3) intended to constitute the inner surface of the future basin.   Modular prefabricated panels according to claim 1, characterized in that said panels (1, 2, 3) have a longitudinal recess (12) extending above the lower anchor lip (4).   3. prefabricated modular panels according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that these panels (1, 2, 3) comprise an upper rim (7) extending preferably over the entire length of said panels, this upper flange (7) having an orientation opposite that of the lip or lower flange (4).   4. prefabricated modular panels according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that they comprise, at their ends, vertical returns (8) provided with holes (9) for the passage of the rods of the organs of assembly used to connect said panels (1, 2, 3) to each other.   5. Panels for the construction of swimming pools, according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that they have a flat shape, or a concave or convex curved shape.   Process for the construction of swimming pools, characterized in that prefabricated panels, for example laminated polyester panels (1, 2, 3) having at their base a horizontal anchoring lip (4) are placed vertically on the bottom (F) of a dig and assembled to each other in a position in which said lower anchoring lip (4) is oriented towards the work in progress, then pouring a concrete screed (5 ) on the bottom (F) of the excavation, so as to cover the bottom lip anchor.   7. A method for constructing pools, according to claim 6, characterized in that covers the concrete screed and a band or lower recessed area (12) of the inner surface of the panels (1, 2, 3) after positioning. and assembling them by means of a waterproofing and facing coating (13).   8. Process for the construction of swimming pools according to claim 7, characterized in that the waterproofing and facing coating (13) is produced: by means of an elastomeric coating applied in the liquid state to the receiving surfaces the yoke (5) and the recessed lower band or zone (12) of the enclosure wall; - or by applying a layer of polyester made in-situ, using a gelled coating identical to that used for the manufacture of the panels (1, 2, 3) 11. A method for the construction of swimming pools according to any one of Claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the assembly of the planar panels (3-3) forming a re-entrant angle at 90 or an angle projecting at 90 is achieved by means of square corner posts (14) anchored in the bottom of the excavation, and on which are fixed the ends of said panels, these posts being constituted by metal tubes, which are preferably filled with concrete after fixing the panels.   12. Process for the construction of swimming pools according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the assembly of the panels (33) forming a re-entrant angle of less than or greater than 90 is achieved by means of corner posts. having a V-shaped section more or less open (16), anchored in the bottom of the excavation, and on which are fixed the ends of said panels, these variable angle posts being preferably filled with concrete, after fixation Signs.