EP1183432A1

EP1183432A1 - Block forming a dead form work element for a concrete wall

Info

Publication number: EP1183432A1
Application number: EP00936983A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Joel Queirel
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1999-06-08
Filing date: 2000-05-30
Publication date: 2002-03-06
Anticipated expiration: 2020-05-30
Also published as: DE60017556T2; AU5228600A; EP1183432B1; US6574934B1; PT1183432E; ES2235892T3; FR2794784A1; FR2794784B1; DE60017556D1; WO2000075462A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a block forming a dead form work element for the construction of a mechanically resistant concrete wall. The block essentially comprises two parts (1a,1b) which can be assembled, each part consisting of a main surface (10a,10b) which is integral with and acts as the starting point on one side for bracing elements in the form of a shaft (11a,12a,13a,14a,14b), whereby said parts when assembled rest against each other and interlock via the ends of the bracing elements. The invention can be used to improve the construction of swimming pools.

Description

BLOCK FORMING LOST FORMWORK FOR CONCRETE WALLS

The subject of the invention is essentially a block forming a lost formwork element, in particular for the construction of civil engineering works, in particular swimming pools or water retention basins, which may be equipped with a liner (internal pocket of 'waterproofing), structures which must have a mechanically resistant reinforced concrete wall.

Many processes and devices are known for lost formwork for the construction of such works.

Certain methods use, for example, formwork having the total height of the wall to be constructed and which are juxtaposed and assembled together by various means. Such forms are generally not of practical use, their flexibility of use is extremely limited, they are very expensive, have a space requirement for storage and considerable transport, and do not generally make it possible to constitute a perfectly continuous concrete wall. waterproof.

In its previous patents FR 9411182 and FR 95 01853, the applicant has already described panels forming lost formwork for the construction of such works, which panels essentially comprise two surface sheets braced between them by spacers distributed and fixed regularly between the two sheets , leaving between them spaces for the passage of metal reinforcements and the pouring of concrete in position on the site. Such panels are already making great progress compared to the known prior art, allowing in particular great flexibility of use and requiring less concrete but requiring, however, for the installation of the various organs of the pool such as entry and water outlet and other equipment, as well as for the installation of the liner, many preparatory work and good positioning on / or through the wall of the structure of this equipment.

In his previous patent FR 98 06382, the applicant also described a panel forming lost formwork, consisting of elementary blocks formed of two assemblable parts, each comprising a main face of which are integral and come from one side of the bracing elements , said two parts in the assembly position coming to bear against one another by the free ends of said bracing elements, said parts in reverse inversion position coming to fit one into the other for a minimum transport and storage space.

The present invention relates to a block which in a way achieves the synthesis of the two previous types of construction, but which also offers many other advantages in particular as regards ease and safety of use, in particular for laying, sealing and ease and precision of setting up all the organs and equipment for operating the basin.

To this end, a block forming a lost formwork element, in particular for the construction of civil engineering works and in particular of swimming pools or water retention basins having to comprise a mechanically resistant concrete wall, elementary block being in position d use in the form of a rigid block, of generally rectangular parallelepiped shape, providing between its two main opposite faces a hollow volume for pouring concrete, essentially consisting of two assemblable parts, each comprising a main face mentioned above of which are integral and come from one side of the bracing elements regularly spaced from each other, said two parts in the assembly position coming to bear and lock against one another by the ends of said bracing elements, is characterized according to the invention in that said bracing elements have the form of wells of substantially cylindrical section whose volume occupies substantially at least 40% of the volume of the block and preferably at least substantially 45% of this volume. Advantageously, the two aforementioned parts of the elementary block are identical, their assembly and locking being effected by complementary members facing each other when the two identical parts of the block are applied to each other. elementary but which are oriented by being turned 180 ° relative to each other, the adjacent elementary blocks locking by simple pressing against each other by means of complementary locking members provided in particular on their edges.

According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the bracing elements in the form of wells of substantially cylindrical section have a polygonal section and occupy most of the width of the block. This configuration makes it possible to improve, for the same weight of material, the resistance of the mechanical block made up of these two parts snapped onto one another and also facilitates the locking-snapping of the two parts. According to another characteristic of the invention, each elementary block has on its upper edge a groove forming a groove for the attachment of the liner.

Advantageously, a block forming a concrete pouring wall element on the height of the wall of the structure, each aforementioned part of the block comprises several aforementioned bracing elements, aligned in the direction of the height, and a channel capable to house a seal over the height and the edge of the part in question, a seal which is compressed by the edge shaped in a complementary manner to the next adjacent similar block. The invention and its implementation as well as its numerous advantages and characteristics will appear more clearly with the aid of the description which follows, given with reference to the appended drawings illustrating an embodiment. In these drawings:

- Figure 1 shows, in perspective view, two identical parts before locking one on the other, presented in the position where they will come to lock one on the other, to form the elementary formwork block lost according to this embodiment of the invention; - Figure 2 shows like Figure 1, but on a smaller scale, two blocks forming a lost formwork element, each consisting of two parts, the four parts thus being assembled into a wall formwork element formed of two adjacent elementary blocks;

- Figure 3 shows, on a larger scale, in perspective view, the corner portion indicated III in Figure 2;

- Figure 4 shows how can be sheaves flat, for their storage and transport, the elementary blocks;

- Figure 5 shows, in perspective view, from the inside, a part of an elementary block before its assembly with another identical part;

- Figure 6 shows, on a larger scale, in perspective view and with cutaway, how we will be able to come fix and embed on and in the elementary blocks according to the invention various organs such as for example a surface skimmer and a water return nozzle by knocking down certain marked parts of the main surface of the two parts constituting an elementary block;

- Figure 7 is a sectional view, on a larger scale, of a detail showing the locking and sealing between two blocks adjacent, this view being made at the level of the section marked VII - VII in FIG. 2.

Reference will firstly be made to FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawings to describe the main parts and their elements and members making it possible to constitute an elementary block of lost formwork.

In Figure 1, we see two assemblable parts respectively referenced la and lb, which constitute, when assembled as illustrated in Figure 2, an elementary block of lost formwork 1. The elementary block 1, which we see assembled in Figure 2, is in this figure also assembled to a second elementary block 2 consisting, like block 1, of two parts 2a, 2b.

Returning to FIG. 1, it can clearly be seen that the two parts 1a and 1b are the same, that is to say identical, manufactured for example by molding in a suitable plastic material such as polypropylene (PP), polystyrene or polyethylene terephthalate (PET), the part lb being identical to the part la after having simply undergone a rotation in the direction of the arrow R of 180 ° so that its bracing elements, coming from each main face of the part la or lb, can come to lock in correspondence. More precisely, by referencing 10, respectively 10a and 10b, the essentially planar main face of each part 1a, 1b, of this surface, inwards in the assembly position of the elementary block 1, come from the elements d 'bracing, in the example shown four in number, respectively 11a, 12a, 13a, 14a, for part la and 11b, 12b, 13b, 14b, for part lb. As can be clearly seen in particular in FIG. 1, the bracing elements in question have a general shape of cylindrical well with polygonal section, which occupy most of the width of the element, for example around 70 to 80% of this width while being centered on the longitudinal median plane of the elementary block. In the example illustrated, and as we can see more clearly in FIG. 5, each well is formed from a polygon with fourteen sides referenced a) to m), some of which, like the sides g) and n), have protruding tongues 15, provided with teeth 16, which go come to hang and snap into corresponding recesses or openings 17 of the complementary part (sides b) and i)) with which the part shown will come together to form an elementary block, either assuming that we have represented in FIG. 5 part 1b: part 1a. Thus, in FIG. 1, reference has been made, so as not to overload the drawing, only the side of the wall n) of the well 11a whose teeth 16, formed on the tongue 15, will come to lock in the recesses 17 formed on side i) of the corresponding well 11b.

The construction thus described will allow rapid and practical assembly of each elementary block such as 1, consisting of two identical parts 1a, 1b, simply positioned opposite one another, by simple snap-fastening and will confer to this elementary block a great rigidity, in particular in crushing taking into account the ribbed polygonal cylinder shape, crenellated and formed with slight steps in the radial direction, as it clearly appears from the drawings.

An elementary block 1 thus being formed, the locking and assembly of the blocks against each other to form a continuous, watertight wall is done very simply by simple docking, thanks to the elastic tabs 18 (referenced 18a, 18b in the figure 1, on the respective parts 1a, 1b) on a longitudinal edge 19a, 19b, forming a locking member and penetrating into complementary housings 20 (visible and referenced 20b in FIG. 1) on the other longitudinal edge 21 of the part in question of the elementary block (referenced 21a, 21b, for the part la and the part lb, respectively in FIG. 1).

In Figure 3, we can see more clearly how docking / locking of a tab 18c, of a part, in a housing 20b of the adjacent part lb of a block 1. In this figure, the teeth 16 of a wall n) of the well 11a can also be seen locking in the corresponding hollows of a wall i) of a well 11b.

To make the seal at the junction between two panels, provision is made on the edge such as longitudinal 21b of the panel, that is to say that which is directed in the direction of the height of the panel, in the installation position of the panel, a channel 22 which will house a seal 23 (see also Figure 7). In particular in this figure, we can see an elastic tab 18 of the part 2a of the panel 2 which is engaged in the corresponding hollow housing 20a of the part 1a of the panel 1, the engagement and locking being done automatically due to the elasticity of the configuration and the inclination of the part 24 of the tab 18 which, when it is engaged in the orifice 25 of the housing 20a, will disappear and relax after complete engagement of the tab 18 in its housing, behind the return 26 of this housing. In Figure 7, we also see that this is where the channel 22 for the housing of the seal 23 passes.

Returning to FIG. 3, it can be seen that at the upper part of the block, the seal 23 bypasses a groove 27 formed on the main face 10b of the part 1b, on the outside of the block. This groove 27 will be used to hook the upper edge of the liner if it is this side of the panel which is directed towards the water of the basin. The symmetry of construction in fact means that the panel can be indifferently positioned on one side or the other, since we find on the part la, also in the upper part, the groove 27. In FIG. 3, we also marked by a line in dotted lines, on the border 19a, the trace of the crushing of the seal such as 23 when will be positioned an adjacent panel (not shown) with its seal in place in its corresponding channel 22. The elementary blocks being assembled to constitute a formwork wall of a basin by being juxtaposed in the vertical position substantially illustrated in FIG. 2, these blocks can have, for example, a height of the order of 1.20 m and a width of the order of 30 cm. At their base, they have feet such as 30 on which they will rest at the bottom of the excavation dug to receive them. At the feet, there are provided recesses such as 31, 32, for the passage of reinforcement and the pouring of the concrete advantageously in one go with the concrete of the raft (not shown). Each foot also has a projection on the side, a housing 33 for receiving a jack foot 34 screwed into the housing 33 and allowing the adjustment of the verticality. Each elementary part of the wall may include in a suitable place a small integrated level (not shown) allowing immediate verification of the verticality and the horizontality.

Referring now to Figure 6, we see that on the inner face of their main surface, each elementary block part has grids and various markings which, in practice, will appear slightly visible from the outside. These markings allow, at suitable places, to smash a part of the wall to receive the various operating components of the basin. Thus, in the example illustrated in Figure 6, we see that straddling two elementary blocks 1, 2, we will be able to smash a rectangular part which we see three of the angles referenced A, B, D, to receive an entry of water 35 from a surface skimmer 36 which can be positioned directly in the formwork panel before pouring the concrete. In the same way, we see a water outlet 37 engaged by knocking out the central part of the second well of the elementary block 2 encountered while descending from the upper part of the panel. In this same figure, we can also see the groove 27 for hanging the liner. Referring to FIG. 4, it can be seen that the elementary blocks made up of their two identical assembled parts such as 1a, 1b, can be stacked sheaves, one on the other, the projecting feet 33 of a block being received in the recesses 38 provided in longitudinal symmetry of an underlying elementary block. This ensures perfect formation of batteries for storage and transport.

Of course, the volume of the recesses left between the bracing elements are calculated to allow the passage of reinforcing bars (not shown) and the subsequent pouring of concrete between these elements, allowing the construction of a freestanding civil engineering structure. , perfectly balanced, the volume of the "voids" (in the wells) compared to the "full" of the irons and concrete of the construction preferably being of the order of 40 to 45% of the total volume

In the upper part of the panels, knockouts are provided, such as for example the part referenced 39 in FIG. 1, for the passage of locking irons with the beach which surrounds the basin.

Of course, many variants can be made to the embodiment illustrated and described, in particular as regards the cylindrical polygonal section of the wells, the cooperating hooking and locking elements.

Among the many advantages of the invention, it should be noted that taking into account the knockouts provided in the wall of the blocks, these blocks can be fitted directly in the factory with the provided equipment, such as surface skimmer, discharge outlet of water, basin lighting device, etc.

Claims

1. Block forming a lost formwork element, in particular for the construction of civil engineering works, and in particular swimming pools or water retention basins, which must have a mechanically resistant concrete wall, elementary block having the position of use in the form of a rigid block, of generally rectangular parallelepiped shape, providing between its two main opposite faces (10) a hollow volume for the required pouring of concrete, the block consisting essentially of two parts (la, lb) which can be assembled , each comprising a main face (10) above, of which are integral and come, on one side, bracing elements (11, 12, 13, 14), regularly spaced from each other, said two parts in assembly position coming to bear and lock against each other by the ends of said bracing elements, said block being characterized in that said elements roofing (11a, 11b, 12a, 12b, 13a, 13b, 14a, 14b) have the shape of wells of substantially cylindrical section whose volume occupies substantially at least 40% of the volume of the block and preferably at least substantially 45% of this volume.

2. Block according to claim 1, characterized in that said two parts which constitute it are identical.

3. Block according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that said wells have a polygonal section.

4. Block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said wells being centered with respect to the longitudinal median plane of the elementary block, they occupy most of the width of the elementary block, ie approximately 70 to 80% of this width.

5. Block according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that having a height of about 1.20 m and a width of about 30 cm, it comprises four aforementioned bracing wells.

6. Block according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking members of said blocks in the assembly position consist of tongues (15) projecting from the edge of the wells and having teeth (16) which come locking in corresponding recesses (17) formed on a part of the cooperating well wall of the bracing element of the complementary part of the block.

7. Block according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that forming the concrete pouring wall element over the height of the structure, each aforementioned part of the block comprises several aforementioned bracing elements (11, 12 , 13, 14) aligned in the direction of the height and a channel (22) capable of accommodating a seal (23) on the edge (21) of the part in question, seal which is compressed by the edge (19 ) complementary to the next adjacent similar block.

8. Block according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said parts (la, lb) have on their two respective edges (19, 21) for locking with a block according to locking members such as elastic tabs ( 18) cooperating with complementary housings (20), said tabs (18) being formed on at least one of the edges (19) and the housings (20) on the other at least of said edges (21).

9. Block according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each part comprises on its main face, in particular at the level of the wells, markings delimiting parts of knockout wall through which can be passed operating components of the basin such as: water inlet and outlet, lighting device, reinforcing bars for locking the concrete wall of the basin to the apron or to the surface area surrounding the basin.

10. Block according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on its upper edge, the element comprises a groove (27) forming a groove for the attachment of the liner.

11. Block according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on its lower edge, the element comprises feet with jacks (30, 33, 34) for laying and adjusting the verticality.

12. Block according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the volume of the hollow of the blocks and the distance between said bracing elements are calculated to allow the passage of reinforcing bars and the subsequent pouring of concrete between these elements, allowing the construction of a freestanding Civil Engineering work.