FR2859067A1 - DEVICE FOR THE MECHANICAL LANDFILLING OF PLANT WASTE - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for mechanical burying of plant waste characterized in that it comprises a plurality of spades arranged on the periphery of at least two discs of common axis, said discs being capable of being partially driven into the ground and driven mechanically in rotation around said axis in the opposite direction to the movement of the device in order to bury said waste.

Description

The present invention relates to the realization of a waste burier

plants.

  More particularly, the present invention relates to a vehicular device capable of preparing the soil for planting and / or transplanting plants in row cultures.

  This type of device applies to the production of vegetables or fruits such as pineapple or sugar cane, whose feet remain in place several seasons. It is then necessary after each harvest to eliminate the waste and to prepare the soil for the future harvests while keeping the feet already in place.

  Some regulations now prohibit the burning of agricultural waste after harvest and recommend the burial of these, in order to limit or even eliminate the use of herbicide and tend towards so-called reasoned agriculture.

  Current devices allow the burial of waste but in limited quantity. They do not apply to plants whose feet remain in place for several seasons and, moreover, they do not ensure a decompression of the soil, ie aeration of it. Finally, after burying the waste, the soil must be profiled to allow future irrigation of this type of vegetation.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a device for mechanical burial of plant waste.

  The invention achieves its object by the fact that the device comprises a plurality of spades disposed on the periphery of at least two disks of common axis, said disks being partially sunk into the ground and mechanically rotated in the opposite direction to the moving said device around said axis to bury said waste.

  This means that discs equipped with spades rotate in the opposite direction to that in which they would rotate if their rotation was free.

  The rotation of the spades then tends to push the device deeper into the ground and thus increase the number of buried waste on the one hand, and ensure efficient decompression of the soil on the other hand.

  In a preferred embodiment, the device according to the invention comprises at least two series of said discs equipped with spades, said series being disposed on either side of said device and being separated by a central non-worked area.

  This means that discs equipped with spades work on both sides of an unworked central area, on which are the feet of a row of plants. The burial is done on both sides of these feet, without damaging them.

  In another embodiment, the device further comprises a plurality of flexible claws partially sunk into the ground and disposed downstream of said discs equipped with spades in the same plane.

  These claws then form a comb that will prevent the projection of waste by rotating spades, and strengthen the landfill by pushing them into the ground.

  Advantageously, the inclination of said plane relative to the ground is adjustable.

  This inclination allows one to avoid a stuffing phenomenon at the comb and secondly, to adapt to the geometry and / or inclination of the soil.

  Advantageously, the device according to the invention comprises at least one series of two cutting discs, said cutting discs being partially sunk into the ground and freely pivoting about a common axis disposed upstream of said series of discs equipped with spades.

  By this is meant that the cutting discs are not mechanically rotated. Their essential function is to cut the mass of waste to be eliminated in order to reduce the efforts of discs equipped with spades on the one hand, and delimit a net landfill area on the other hand.

  In a preferred embodiment, said cutting discs delimit a band in the soil whose width is greater than or equal to that the band worked by said discs equipped with spades.

  Advantageously, the device comprises at least one roller disposed downstream of said comb freely pivoting and flattening said worked surface.

  These rollers make it possible to smooth the worked surface and to prepare the ground for the irrigation. On the other hand, they give the device additional weight and improve the penetration thereof into the ground.

  In a preferred embodiment, the device according to the invention comprises two substantially convex disks partially sunk in the ground of common axis disposed between said comb and said roller defining the worked area.

  The action of these discs will have the effect of digging two channels on both sides of the surface worked and thus prepare the ground for irrigation by gravity.

  Advantageously, this device is moved by a vehicle having a take-off.

  It is connected to said traction vehicle by a 3-point hitch.

  This device cooperates with a vehicle of the tractor type well known to those skilled in the art. Depending on the use, it can be pushed or pulled.

  In a preferred embodiment, a gear system transmits the torque provided by said power take-off to said discs equipped with spades.

  One result of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of known landfill by proposing a device that ensures on the one hand the burial of plant waste, unpacking the soil and profiling it to ensure irrigation by gravity plants .

  The advantages of a device according to the invention are of an agronomic and economic nature: the erosion of the soil is considerably reduced, and the burial of the waste makes it possible to increase the rate of organic matter in it, thus improving its physical qualities, especially for clay soils, E the decompression of the soil allows an increase in its retention capacity, É production yields are then greatly increased, E the duration of driving hours, mechanized labor costs and fertilization Water management is better, depending on the species grown, the harvest is increased or earlier, the branding of the finished products is increased, the subsidies are then greater.

  Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will emerge on reading the following description given by way of nonlimiting example and with reference to the appended drawings in which: FIG. 1 represents a schematic top view of the device according to the invention and its main components Figure 2 shows a schematic front view of the device according to the invention Figure 3 shows in section on the same plane as Figure 2 the profile of the ground once worked Figure 4 schematically shows in perspective a claw FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic perspective view of a detail view of a cutting disc and its attachment. FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic perspective view of the device according to the invention behind the traction vehicle FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of the direction. moving discs equipped with spades relative to the movement of the device By referen in Figures 1 and 2, the device is moved in the direction (31). The deposition of vegetable waste present on the soil to be worked is mainly carried out using the rotor (1, 11, 12). This is made from two sets of discs (1,) coaxial, preferably three discs, fixed parallel to the direction of movement (31) on a shaft (1).

  The shaft (1) can extend over the entire width of the device or can be split into two parts.

  The disks (11) are regularly spaced inside the device, to the right and left and a distance substantially equal to one third of it.

  These are equipped on their periphery spades (12) regularly spaced, preferably four spades obtained from a piece of folded sheet.

  According to the uses, the spades (12) can be alternately inclined to the right and left discs (1,) or all on the same side.

  The rotor (1, 1, 12) is rotated by two unrepresented chains connected meshing with each end of the transmission shaft (22) with a gear wheel.

  An angle gear (2) whose power take-off (21) is connected to that of the agricultural vehicle, for example by means of a universal joint, makes it possible to drive the transmission shaft (22) in rotation, and therefore the rotor (1, 11, 12), in a direction (32) contrary to that of the displacement (31) as represented in FIG. 7.

  The direction of rotation (32) of the rotor (1, 11, 12) allows it to sink deeper into the ground and optimize the deposition of waste.

  Each chain is protected by a housing (8). When moving the device, it sinks into the ground and tends to slow the movement. To remedy this problem, substantially convex disks (6) arranged upstream of the rotor (1, 1 ,, 12) allow to dig two grooves (17) shown in Figure 3 in which will move the two chain cases (8). .

  Moreover, these disks (6) cooperate with cutting disks (4) parallel to the disks (1,), ie parallel to the direction of movement (31).

  These, arranged to the right and left of the front of the device cut the mass of waste to eliminate on each side convex discs (6) which push them towards the center of the device.

  With reference to FIG. 5, the height and inclination of the convex disks (6) are adjustable. The latter are mounted in pivot connection on a support (121) made from a cylindrical steel profile mounted pivotally sliding inside another steel profile (122) thus allowing the adjustment of their inclination and their height.

  The tightening is then ensured by one or more screws and counter nuts (14).

  Referring to Figure 5 always, the height of the cutting discs is also adjustable. These are pivotally mounted to a steel profile (131) which translates into another square hollow steel section (132).

  Blocking is ensured by a pin (15) inserted into holes made on the profiles (131) and (132).

  Downstream of the rotor (1, 1 ,, 12) a comb (9) allows to sink the waste ground by the rotor.

  This comb (9) is made from claws (91) whose end connected to the device is in the form of a spiral spring wound around an axis (92) shown 4.

  The set of claws (91) can pivot about the axis (92) to adjust the inclination of the comb (9) and avoid a waste of the waste at the comb and damage to it This security is reinforced by the elasticity of the claws (91).

  The comb (9) may according to uses extend over the entire width of the device or leave a central area not worked as shown in FIG.

  Downstream of the comb (9) rollers (11) mounted in free rotation flatten the worked surfaces and increases the weight of the device to increase the depression of the latter in the soil With reference to Figures 1, 2 and 3, rear convex disks (10) dig grooves (20) between each worked area (18) and the unworked area (19).

  Only the rotor (1, 11, 12) is mechanized, the different disks or rollers are in free rotation.

  The frame of the device is preferably obtained from welded hollow steel sections.

  The various connections between the latter and the previously described constituent elements are made from standard mechanical connection elements.

  The various components of the device are naturally treated against corrosion. A protective casing (7) protects them from any splashing of earth or waste.

  When using the device, the operator can tow or push the latter using a tractor-type agricultural vehicle, thanks to a conventional 3-point attachment system.

  After connecting the power take-offs, he then moves it so that the space between the discs (1,) equipped with spades (12) is positioned above the remaining shoots. He then drives his vehicle along them, on both sides of which are the waste to be eliminated.

  The waste is first sliced by the cutting discs (4) and then collected towards the center of the device by the convex discs before (6). They are then crushed and pre-buried by the rotor (1, 11, 12) which also allows to ventilate the ground. The burial of the waste is finalized by the comb (9). In effect, the remaining size waste slides against the claws (91) which push them into the ground.

  The worked areas are finally smoothed by the rollers (11) flatten the worked surfaces.

  The convex rear discs (10) trace on each side of the worked zones grooves which will allow the future irrigation of the crops, by gravity.

  Referring to Figure 3, after the passage of the device, the shoots are found intact on the unworked area (19) and surrounded by two worked areas (19) rich in organic matter that will provide irrigation.

  1 central rotor 1, discs equipped with spades 12 2 bevel gearbox 21 power take-off 22 transmission shaft 31 direction of movement of the device 32 direction of rotation of the discs equipped with spades 4 cutting disc fastener 6 convex disc front 7 housing 8 housing chain assembly not shown 9 comb comprising a plurality of claws 91 91 claws 92 axis of inclination of the claws rear convex disc 11 roller 121 convex disc support front 6 122 hollow profiles 131 cutting disc support 7 132 hollow section 14 locking means convex disc support 12 medium locking means 13 disc cutting 16 welded profile 17 passage of the chain housing 18 worked area 19 non-worked area irrigation channel

Claims (10)

  1) Mechanical landfill plant waste device characterized in that it comprises a plurality of spades disposed on the periphery of at least two common axis disks, said disks being capable of being partially sunk into the ground and driven mechanically rotated about said axis in the opposite direction to the displacement of the device to bury said waste.   2) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least two sets of said discs equipped with spades, said series being disposed on either side of said device and being separated by a central area not worked.   3) Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of parallel rectilinear claws and elastic able to be partially sunk into the ground and disposed downstream of said discs equipped with spades, according to the same plan .   4) Device according to claim 3 characterized in that the inclination of said plane relative to the ground is adjustable.   5) Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises at least two cutting discs designed to be substantially driven into the ground and spaced a distance greater than or equal to that of said series of discs equipped with spades, said cutting discs pivot about a common axis disposed upstream of the latter 6) Device according to claim 5 characterized in that said cutting discs delimit a band in the soil whose width is greater than or equal to that of the band worked by said discs equipped with spades.   7) Device according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises at least one roller disposed downstream of said comb freely pivoting and smoothing said worked surface.   8) Device according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises two substantially convex discs may be partially sunk into the ground common axis disposed between said comb and said roller which defines the worked area.   9) Device according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that it is conveyed by a traction vehicle having a power take-off.   10) Device according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that it is connected to said traction vehicle by a 3-point hitch and in that a gear system transmits the torque provided by said power take to said disks equipped with spades.