FR2856999A1 - PRE-ASSEMBLED ELEMENT FOR EQUIPPING ELEVATOR SLEEVE, SHEATH, ASSEMBLY FOR EQUIPPING ELEVATOR SLEEVE, AND METHOD OF MOUNTING SUCH A CORRESPONDING ASSEMBLY - Google Patents

Abstract

The casing has a pre-fabricated unit with a bearing frame, a ladder (9), and two guiding rails (2a, 2b) for guiding a cabin (1) of the casing. A third guiding rail (31) is provided for guiding a counter weight (3). Two maintenance and/or fixing units (6) are provided for fixing the pre-fabricated unit on the casing. A groove (8) receives a supply cable of the cabin, and the pre-fabricated unit can be mounted in the casing. Independent claims are also included for the following: (a) an assembly destined to equip a casing of a lift (b) a method for mounting an assembly destined to equip a casing of a lift.

Description

Pre-assembled element to equip an elevator shaft, sheath, together

  intended to equip an elevator shaft and method of mounting such a corresponding assembly.

  The field of the invention is that of lifts. More specifically, the invention relates to equipment installed in the elevator shafts to ensure the movements of the elevator car.

  It is specified that the term "lifts" means not only lifts for persons but also lifts for bulky goods.

  The invention applies in particular, but not exclusively, to ships, in particular passenger ships, cargo ships, military vessels ... However, the technique according to the invention can similarly be applied to land vessels .

  An elevator is conventionally constituted by assembling and mounting a number of constituent parts in the elevator shaft. The essential organs for the operation of the elevator are: - the cabin or cabins; - the guide rails for the cabin or cabins; - the counterweight or counterweight; - the guide rails for the counterweight or weights; - the machinery; - traction cables connecting machinery to counterweights and cabins; - electric cable flow troughs; Generally, the guide rails for the cabins, the guide rails for the counterweights, the chutes and the ladders are grouped together on all the walls of a sheath constituting the envelope of the elevator.

  Currently, the assembly of lifts on ships is fully realized during the arming phase of the ship: the various constituent parts listed above are shipped as spare parts and assembled, usually by welding, to each other and to the various decks of the ship and the walls of the elevator shaft.

  Knowing that ships equipped with elevators or lifts generally comprise between three and fifteen bridges, it is understood that the operations of mounting an elevator in a ship are long and tedious.

  As an indication, the installation of a single elevator (one cabin) on a vessel with ten decks represents a total of about 1,200 man-hours.

  In addition, such an elevator installation involves a significant level of risk due to the working conditions in the elevator shaft (working at height, restricted space, welding projection,

  .) ... DTD: However, the multiplication of the installation operations and the important duration necessary for their realization tends to confirm, even increase this level of risks.

  The invention particularly aims to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art.

  More specifically, the invention aims to provide a new elevator installation technique that significantly reduces installation time. The invention also aims to provide such a technique that can be easily integrated into a system. ship. In this sense, the invention also aims to provide such a technique that does not cause overload or loss of space.

  Another object of the invention is to provide such a technique which makes it possible to envisage cost savings or, at the very least, which does not entail additional costs.

  Another object of the invention is to provide such a technique which limits the risks incurred by the personnel who installs the elevator.

  Yet another object of the invention is to provide such a technique that can be used regardless of the height of the elevator shaft.

  The invention also aims to provide such a technique that is simple in design and easy to implement.

  These objectives, as well as others which will appear later, are achieved thanks to the invention which relates to an element intended to equip an elevator shaft, characterized in that it comprises: at least one carrying frame; at least one guide rail for a cabin; at least one counterweight guide rail; means for holding and / or fixing said element to said elevator shaft, said element being constituted in the form of a pre-assembled assembly ready to be mounted in said elevator shaft.

  Thanks to the invention, it is possible to significantly reduce the installation time on board ships or on site compared to traditional solutions.

  Indeed, the number of operations carried out for the installation on board or on site of the elevator is considerably limited. The time of presence of workers in the elevator shaft is therefore reduced accordingly.

  In addition, the pre-assembly of the element intended to equip the sheath is made in the factory, in operating conditions much more comfortable than in an elevator shaft.

  This reduces the risks incurred by the personnel who install the elevator, a large part of the assembly tasks already being carried out.

  In addition, the factory pre-assembly makes it possible to envisage the use of fast, precise and inexpensive assembly techniques, for example by using welding robots.

  Advantageously, the element also comprises at least one chute intended to receive the power supply cable of said elevator car, the element advantageously also comprising at least one ladder.

  Thus constituted, the element contributes to further reducing the time required for the overall installation of the elevator, by reducing the time of presence of workers in the elevator shaft.

  The installation of an elevator consisting of pre-assembled elements according to the invention on a ship with ten decks then requires about 600 hours, which halves the installation time compared to traditional solutions.

  According to a preferred solution, said carrying frame comprises at least one spar intended to extend horizontally, said cabin guide rail being mounted on one side of said spar, the other side of said spar carrying at least two supports each secured to a spider. guide rail for counterweight, such that said spar and said supports together define a circulation space for said counterweight.

  Such a frame is space-saving and thus facilitates its storage, transport and implementation, while presenting all the traditional features necessary for the operation of the elevator.

  Preferably, said armature is secured to at least one consolidation bar intended to extend substantially vertically.

  Such a bar can easily be attached to the frame during factory pre-assembly. This bar contributes to the rigidity of the element.

  According to a conceivable variant, this bar can be temporarily attached to the frame for the rigidity of the element for transport and boarding on board or on site and then be removed once the element set up, the rigidity of the element being then simply provided by the guide rails for cabin and counterweight.

  According to a particular embodiment, said guide rails for cab and counterweight are doubled and mounted on said armature so that said element can be mounted in a substantially central position in an elevator shaft provided for two cabins, said elevator duplex or multiplex.

  The invention therefore applies to any type of elevator, regardless of the height of the sheath and the number of cabins present therein.

  In this case, the element advantageously comprises at least two longitudinal members intended to extend in the same substantially horizontal plane and each carrying at least one guide rail for cabin and at least two supports each secured to a guide rail for counterweight said beams preferably being connected by at least two sleepers such that said carrying frame forms a frame.

  According to this arrangement, a frame of particularly simple and effective design is obtained, making it possible to support all the essential organs by having a great capacity to withstand the mechanical stresses that are exerted on it.

  According to a preferred solution, said frame carries at least one bar, said central bar, extending parallel to said longitudinal members occupying a median position therebetween, and carrying at its ends, or in the vicinity thereof, said means of maintenance and / or fixation.

  Such a bar can be fixed on each bridge and / or between-deck, whether by bolting, welding or dowelling.

  Advantageously, said channel or chutes are carried by said one or more longitudinal members, said one or more scales being advantageously carried by said central bar or said bars.

  An element is thus obtained on which the various members are distributed so that this element occupies a limited space requirement, whether during its introduction into the elevator shaft or once installed in it.

  According to a preferred solution, the element comprises at least two support frames substantially parallel to each other and connected by said consolidation bar or bars.

  The number of reinforcements constituting the element may vary as much as necessary, in particular depending on the number of bridges and / or between spars and / or the distance that separates them. In any case, the greater the number of reinforcement, the more it reduces the installation time of an elevator comprising the corresponding elements.

  It is therefore sought to find a compromise between the gain obtained by the pre-assembly of the elements and the difficulty generated by the transport and the introduction of an element whose dimensions are increased.

  The invention also relates to an elevator shaft, including at least one element comprising: at least one carrying frame; at least one guide rail for a cabin; at least one counterweight guide rail; means for holding and / or fixing said element to said elevator shaft, said element being constituted in the form of a preassembled assembly ready to be mounted in said elevator shaft.

  The invention also relates to an assembly intended to equip an elevator shaft, characterized in that it comprises: at least one element comprising at least one carrying frame, at least one guide rail for a cabin, at least one guide rail for counterweight, means for holding and / or fixing said element to said elevator shaft, said element being constituted as a pre-assembled assembly ready to be mounted in said elevator shaft; at least one module, called pit bottom module, intended to be attached to the base of said elevator shaft and comprising at least two load-bearing structures, one having means for receiving said cabin guide rails; another having means for receiving said counterweight guide rails.

  This provides means for cooperation between the element mounted at the base of the elevator shaft and the bottom module of the pit. This thus facilitates the relative positioning as well as the fixing of the base element on the bottom module.

  In addition, the reinforcements make it possible to distribute the loads exerted on the sheet on which the module is placed. This avoids having to reinforce at least locally the bottom plate, which is necessary with conventional techniques so that the sheet can withstand the constraints that are exerted on it.

  According to an advantageous solution, said bottom module is formed as a pre-assembled assembly ready to be mounted.

  This module is pre-assembled at the factory, which results in the same advantages as those already mentioned above concerning the preassembled elements.

  Preferably, said pit bottom module carries at least one member belonging to the following group: speed limiter of the cabin; speed limiter of the counterweight; booster dampers; counterweight dampers.

  This gives a completely pre-equipped module of the conventional organs necessary for the proper functioning of the elevator and / or providing security functions therein.

  According to an advantageous solution, the element also comprises a floor of machinery, and forming a closing element of said elevator shaft at the upper end thereof.

  According to a preferred solution, said floor comprises at least one electrical cabinet, at least one transformer and at least one elevator operating motor and is constituted as a preassembled assembly ready to be mounted. This avoids the on-site assembly of the various elements of machinery which usually is done directly on site on a bridge plate and / or tweezers. The invention further relates to a method of mounting an assembly intended to equip an elevator shaft, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: providing at least one pit bottom module in the form of a preassembled assembly ready to be mounted at the base of said elevator shaft; embodiment of at least one element comprising at least one carrying frame, at least one guide rail for a cabin, at least one guide rail for a counterweight, means for holding and / or fixing said element to said elevator shaft, said element being constituted as a pre-assembled assembly ready to be mounted in said elevator shaft; placing and fixing said pit bottom module on the base of said elevator shaft; placing and fixing at least one element on said bottom module; hooking means for holding and / or fixing said element or elements on said elevator shaft.

  It is clear through this mounting method that the installation of an elevator according to the invention, that is to say consisting of preassembled elements, is essentially reduced to operations of fixing the elements on the sheath elevator and a few operations of connecting and / or coupling the elements together.

  According to an advantageous solution, the method comprises a step of setting up said floor of machinery by simply placing and fixing said floor on supports integral with said elevator shaft.

  Such a floor is installed in a particularly simple manner insofar as it is sufficient to rest it on its supports and fix it by welding, bolting or dowelling, time savings can therefore be obtained again from this fact.

  Other features and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the following description of two preferred embodiments of the invention, given by way of illustrative and non-limiting examples, and the appended drawings among which: Figure 1 is a front sectional view of an elevator installed using pre-manufactured elements according to the invention; Figure 2 is a top sectional view of a single cab lift installed using prefabricated elements according to the invention; Figure 3 is a sectional view from above of a two-cabin elevator installed using pre-manufactured elements according to the invention; Figure 4 is a side view of a particular embodiment of a prefabricated element according to the invention; Figure 5 is a perspective view of a pit bottom module; Figure 6 is a perspective view of a machine floor of an elevator formed of an assembly according to the invention.

  Figure 1 illustrates an elevator having two cabins 1. It is specified that, as will become clear later, the invention applies to both elevators having a single cabin and elevators having two or more cabins.

  Referring to Figure 1, an elevator comprises, within a sheath 10 forming the envelope of the elevator: guide rails 2a, 2b for the cabins 1 or 1; counterweights 3; guide rails 31 for the counterweight (s) 3; 30 machinery 4; traction cables 41 connecting the machinery 4 to the counterweight 3 and the cabins 1; circulating chutes 8 for electrical cables 81; scales (not shown in this figure).

  According to the preferred embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. 4, these members are grouped together in the form of a pre-assembled element, ready to be mounted in the elevator shaft, and comprising: a carrying frame 5, secured to holding and / or fastening means 6 intended to be secured to deck parts and / or steer 7 of a ship or to any other element carried directly or indirectly by the elevator shaft; a guide rail 2b for a cabin 1; - Chutes 8; a scale 9; - Guide rails (not shown in this figure and appearing with the reference numeral 31 in Figures 2 and 3).

  According to the embodiment of FIG. 4, it clearly appears that the prefabricated element consists of a succession of carrying plates 5 connected to one another by a guide rail 2b for a cabin, by rails guide 31 for counterweights and consolidation bars 51.

  As an indication, the carrier plates are spaced from each other by having a spacing of about 1.30 m between them and, for security reasons in case of multiplex elevator, a partition extends vertically between the central bars 56, said partition 561 being preferably made from a light sheet or mesh.

  Referring to Figure 2 which corresponds to an embodiment according to which the elevator has a single cabin, the carrying frame is constituted by a spar 52 carrying on one of its sides a guide rail 2b for cabin and on the other of its sides two supports 53 carrying the guide rails 31 for the counterweight 3.

  It is noted that thus formed, the spar 52 defines with the supports 53 a circulation space for the counterweight.

  According to this embodiment, the spar 52 also carries a chute 8 and one of the supports 53 carries a scale 9 (the latter being, for obvious safety reasons, mounted between the support 53 and the elevator shaft 10).

  In addition, the pre-manufactured element is fixedly held in the elevator shaft by means of fixing and / or holding means 6 carried on the one hand by the supports 53 and on the other hand by an arm 54 attached to one end of the spar 52.

  With reference to FIG. 3, which corresponds to an embodiment according to which the elevator has two cabins 1, the carrying frame is constituted by a frame comprising two longitudinal members 52 connected at their ends by crosspieces 53, 55.

  Note that one of these crosspieces 53 also constitutes a support of the guide rails for the counterweight 3, another support 53 extending inside the frame of the carrying frame.

  As illustrated, each of the longitudinal members 52 carries a cab guide rail and counterweight guide rail supports. Thus arranged, the carrier frame can occupy a central position inside an elevator shaft, in order to act on each of the two cabins mounted on either side of the frame.

  According to this embodiment, the attachment of the pre-assembled element is carried out using a central bar 56 carrying at its ends fastening means 6 (or whose ends form fixing means).

  This bar is designated by the central term insofar as the bar occupies a median position between the longitudinal members 52, extending parallel thereto.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the central bar carries ladders 9 (the troughs 8 being, as in the case of the single cabin, carried by the longitudinal members 52).

  The equipment of an elevator shaft is thus produced by the use of: one or more pre-assembled elements such as one of those described above; a bottom module of the pit, such as that illustrated in FIG. 5; a floor supporting the machinery and forming the closure element of the elevator shaft, of the type of the floor shown in FIG.

  With reference to FIG. 5, the pit bottom module 50 comprises two armatures 501 and 502 constituted by beams having an I-shaped section, one of the armatures 502 being fixed to the end of the other armature 501. so that they form a T-shaped supporting base. As it is clear, the frame 501 carries means 5011 for receiving the guide rails for cab 2a, 2b and the frame 502 for receiving means 5021 guide rails 31 for counterweight.

  According to a feature of the bottom of the pit, it is constituted in a pre-assembled assembly, ready to be mounted at the bottom of the elevator shaft.

  Such a pre-assembled pit bottom module is preferably pre-equipped: a speed limiter 506 of the cabin; a speed limiter 503 counterweight; a damper 505 of the cabin; a damper 504 of the counterweight.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the machine floor 60 forms a pre-assembled closure means of the elevator shaft, at the upper portion thereof.

  This floor 62 of machinery comprises, on a sheet 61, two electrical cabinets 62, two transformers 63 and two motors 63 with retractors of traction cables 41.

  This floor 60 is installed simply by placing it on supports 101 integral with the sheath 10. These supports 101 support the floor 60 and ensure its maintenance by simple welding, bolting or dowelling.

  The assembly method of a set of equipment for elevator shaft is carried out as follows: - pre-assembly of an element (or more elements according to other embodiments) consisting of a series of carrying frame, a guide rail for a cab, two guide rails for counterweights and means for holding and / or fixing said elevator shaft, - pre-assembly of a bottom module of the pit such as that previously described, - pre-assembly of a floor for supporting the machinery (motor (s), transformer (s), electrical cabinet (s) ...), such as that described above.

  Preferably, the pre-fabricated element will be dimensioned so that it is necessary to assemble two (or three) elements to equip the entire height of the elevator shaft.

  Furthermore, the pre-manufactured elements according to the invention, as well as the bottom modules of the pit and the floor of machinery, are made using any appropriate assembly technique, for example by welding or bolting.

  In an initial phase, the pit bottom module is presented, positioned and attached to the base of the elevator shaft.

  A guide rail for the cabin is fixed in the elevator shaft on one of the walls of the shaft.

  The first element, slipped into the sheath, is positioned relative to the receiving means of the bottom module of the pit, this first element cooperating with the bottom module of the pit.

  The prefabricated element or elements are threaded into the elevator shaft and fixed thereto.

  In the case of several elements, these are also secured to each other, for example using bolted plates. In this case, it is also necessary to electrically connect the elements together.

  This connection can then be obtained by providing on each of the elements of the sections of a length corresponding to that of the elements. According to one variant, one of the elements (preferably the element mounted last in the upper part) carries the entire length of the wiring that is unwound from the corresponding element down to the bottom of the sheath. and fixing this cable to the other elements.

  The prefabricated elements are designed and mounted so that, in their final position, they can be assembled with the free edge of the bridges and / or between the inside of the elevator shaft.

  This assembly is carried out either by welding or by bolting (in particular by the technique of self-welded studs known as the Nelson stud).

  In the case of a elevator with two cabins, the elements are assembled so as to occupy a central position, forming a sort of central ridge. For this, the element or elements are threaded into the sheath being rotated a quarter turn relative to their final position to facilitate donning. Once presented at the desired height, the element is turned about 90 on itself to be positioned on the support zones of the bridges and / or between spans.

  According to a final phase, the support floor of the machinery is positioned on supports integral with the sheath.

  Of course, the complete assembly includes other conventional steps, concerning wiring, lighting ...

Claims (15)

  1. Element intended to equip an elevator shaft, characterized in that it comprises: at least one carrying frame (5); at least one guide rail (2b) for a car (1); at least one guide rail (31) for counterweight (3); means for holding and / or fixing (6) said element to said elevator shaft, said element being constituted as a pre-assembled assembly ready to be mounted in said elevator shaft.   2. Element intended to equip an elevator shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that it also comprises at least one chute (8) intended to receive the power supply cable of said elevator car (1) and at least one ladder (9).   3. Element intended to equip an elevator shaft according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said carrier frame (5) comprises at least one spar (52) intended to extend horizontally, said rail of guide (2b) for cab (1) being mounted on one side of said spar (52), the other side of said spar (52) carrying at least two supports (53) each integral with a guide rail (31) for counterweight (3), such that said spar (52) and said supports (53) together define a circulation space for said counterweight (3).   4. Element intended to equip an elevator shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said armature (5) is secured to at least one consolidation bar (51) intended to extend substantially vertically. .   5. Element intended to equip an elevator shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said guide rails (2b), (31) for cabin (1) and for counterweight (3) are doubled and mounted on said armature (5) so that said element can be mounted in a substantially central position in an elevator shaft provided for two cabins (1).   6. Element intended to equip an elevator shaft according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises at least two longitudinal members (52) intended to extend in the same substantially horizontal plane and each carrying at least one guide rail (2b) for cabin (1) and at least two supports (53) each secured to a guide rail (31) for counterweight (3) and in that said longitudinal members (52) are connected by at least two sleepers (53). ), (55) such that said carrier (5) forms a frame.   7. Element intended to equip an elevator shaft according to claim 6, characterized in that said frame carries at least one bar, said central bar (56), extending parallel to said longitudinal members (52) occupying a median position between these, and carrying at its ends, or in the vicinity thereof, said holding means and / or fixing (6).   8. Element intended to equip an elevator shaft according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that said trough or chutes (8) are carried by said one or more longitudinal members (52) and in that said one or more said ladders (9) are carried by said central bar (s) (56).   9. Element intended to equip an elevator shaft according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that it comprises at least two carrier plates (5) substantially parallel to each other and connected by said consolidation bar or bars (51).   Elevator sleeve, characterized in that it includes at least one element comprising: at least one carrying frame (5); at least one guide rail (2b) for a car (1); at least one guide rail (31) for counterweight (3); means for holding and / or fixing (6) said element to said elevator shaft, said element being constituted as a pre-assembled assembly ready to be mounted in said elevator shaft.   11. An assembly intended to equip an elevator shaft, characterized in that it comprises: at least one element comprising at least one carrying frame (5), at least one guide rail (2b) for a cabin (1), at least one guide rail (31) for counterweight (3), means for holding and / or fixing (6) said element to said elevator shaft, said element being constituted as a pre-assembled assembly ready to be mounted in said elevator shaft; at least one module, said pit bottom module (50), intended to be attached to the base of said elevator shaft and comprising at least two support frames (501), (502), one having means for receiving (5011) said cabin guide rails, the other having means (5021) for receiving said counterweight guide rails.   12. The assembly of claim 11, characterized in that said bottom bottom module (50) is formed as a preassembled assembly ready to be mounted.   13. An assembly according to any one of claims 11 and 12, characterized in that it also comprises a floor (60) of machinery forming a closing element of said elevator shaft at the upper end thereof and constituted in the form of a pre-assembled assembly ready to be mounted.   14. A method of mounting an assembly for equipping an elevator shaft, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: producing at least one pit bottom module (50) in the form of a pre-assembly assembly ready to be mounted at the base of said elevator shaft; producing at least one element comprising at least one carrier (5), at least one guide rail (2b) for a car (1), at least one guide rail (31) for a counterweight (3), means for holding and / or fixing (6) said element to said elevator shaft, said element being constituted in the form of a pre-assembled assembly ready to be mounted in said elevator shaft; placing and fixing said pit bottom module (50) on the base of said elevator shaft; placing and fixing at least one element on said bottom module (50); hooking means for holding and / or fixing (6) of said element or elements on said elevator shaft.   15. A mounting method according to claim 14, characterized in that it comprises a step of placing said floor (60) by simply placing and supporting said floor (60) on supports integral with said elevator shaft .