The prefabricated components of equipment elevator hoistways, the assembly and the assemble method of equipment hoistway
Technical field
The field of the invention is the elevator field.Or rather, the present invention relates to be installed in the elevator hoistways so that the equipment that lift car moves.
Term " elevator " is not only the elevator that the confession under directions people uses, also the service elevator of confession under directions bulky load use.
But nonexcludability of the present invention ground is particularly useful for boats and ships, particularly passenger boat, freighter, warship etc.But technology of the present invention equally also is applicable to land building.
Background technology
Elevator is to build by the parts of assembling in elevator hoistways and installation some to form traditionally.The necessary device of elevator operation comprises:
-one or more cars;
-be used for the guide rail of car;
-one or more counterweights;
-be used for the guide rail of counterweight;
-mechanical equipment;
-mechanical equipment is connected to hoist ropes on counterweight and the car;
--be used for cable wire casing;
Or the like.
Car guide rail, counterweight guide rail, wire casing and ladder generally all concentrate on all boreholes wall that constitute elevator hoistways.
At present, elevator entirely is installed on the boats and ships during the assembling boats and ships; The various parts of before having listed are brought on the ship as the parts that separate, then they are assembled, usually by with its their weld together, and go up on each deck (deck) that is welded to boats and ships and each borehole wall of elevator hoistways on.
If be equipped with the boats and ships of elevator or service elevator three to 15 layers of deck being arranged generally, obviously aboard ship is a very long and complicated operations process with elevator dress.
For example, single car is installed to needs about 1200 man-hours on the ship with ten decks altogether.
In addition, because the service conditions (meaning crown operation, finite space, weld splatter etc.) in the elevator hoistways, therefore this elevator mounting means means very important hazard level.
The variety of fitting operation and the required chronicity of fitting operation of carrying out are tended to determine even have been increased described hazard level.
Summary of the invention
Specific purposes of the present invention are to eliminate the shortcoming of prior art.
Or rather, the objective of the invention is to propose a kind of new elevator field engineering that shortens the set-up time greatly.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of technology of the described kind that is easy to use aboard ship.With regard to this meaning, another purpose of the present invention provides the technology of the described kind of a kind of overcharge that can not cause any space or loss.
Another purpose of the present invention provides a kind of technology of cost-saved described kind, perhaps is a kind of technology that can not cause the described kind of cost overrun at least.
Another purpose of the present invention provides a kind of technology that limits the described kind of the suffered danger of elevator installation personnel.
No matter another purpose of the present invention provides the technology of the described kind how a kind of height of elevator hoistways can use.
Another purpose of the present invention provides the technology of a kind of simplicity of design and described kind easy to implement.
Above-mentioned purpose and following other purpose that will illustrate all realize that by the present invention the invention reside in a kind of member that is suitable for equipping elevator hoistways, this member comprises:
-at least one bearer frame,
-one is used for the guide rail of lift car,
-one is used for the guide rail of counterweight,
-be used to keep described member and/or be used to be fixed to device on the described elevator hoistways,
Described member is taked ready to be installed in the form of the precast segment in the described elevator hoistways, it is characterized in that, the guide rail that is used for lift car and counterweight be provided with in pairs and be installed in described framework, thereby described member can be installed in the position of central authorities basically in the elevator hoistways that is used for two lift cars.
Because the present invention, compare with traditional scheme and can shorten greatly aboard ship or the set-up time at the scene.
This be because aboard ship or the number of the operation that must carry out of on-site installation elevator significantly reduce.Therefore this makes that workman's institute's time spent in elevator hoistways is limited.
In addition, the described member that is used to equip hoistway is prefabricated under more than comfortable operation condition in elevator hoistways in factory.
Therefore this has reduced the suffered danger of elevator installation personnel, because many assembling tasks are all fulfiled ahead of schedule.
And pre-assembling makes and can design use package technique fast, accurately and cheaply in factory, for example uses welding robot.
Described member also advantageously comprises the wire casing and a ladder of the supply cable that is suitable for admitting described lift car.
The member that finally obtains helps further to shorten installs the necessary total time of elevator, thereby the shortening workman need remain in the time in the elevator hoistways.
Install about 600 man-hours of elevator needs that constitute according to prefabricated components of the present invention on the ship with ten decks like this, compare with traditional scheme, the set-up time shortens half.
According to a preferred version, bearer frame comprises that is designed to a horizontally extending stave, the described guide rail that is used for lift car is installed in a side of described stave, and the opposite side of described stave has at least two supporting members, each supporting member all is fastened on a guide rail that is used for a counterweight, and therefore described stave and described supporting member define the space that moves into for described counterweight together.
This framework is compact, and this not only is convenient to store, transports and installs, and provides elevator to move necessary whole general utility functions.
Described framework preferably is fastened on the reinforcing member that is designed to extend substantially vertically.
In factory prefabricated during, this rod member can easily be connected on the described framework, and helps to improve the rigidity of described member.
In the flexible program that can imagine, in order to transport and load or be transported to the scene, this rod member can temporarily be installed on the described framework to strengthen described member, in case described member is dismountable with this rod member after installing, the rigidity of described like this member is just provided by the guide rail of lift car and counterweight.
Therefore, the present invention is applicable to any type of elevator, regardless of the height of hoistway and the number of the interior elevator of hoistway.
In this case, described member comprises at least two staves that are designed to remain in the same substantially horizontal plane, each stave all has the guide rail and at least two supporting members that are used for a lift car, each supporting member all is fastened on a guide rail that is used for a counterweight, and described stave is connected by at least two lateral direction elements, and therefore described bearer frame forms a framework.
The Frame Design scheme that finally obtains is simple especially, effective, and supports all formants, and has very high ability to bear for the mechanical strees that is applied on it.
According to an embodiment preferred, described framework has one and is parallel to the rod member that described stave extends and occupy the middle position between the described stave, described rod member also in its end or its vicinity, end have described maintenance and/or anchor fitting.
This rod member can be connected on each deck and/or the between deck (between-deck) with being threaded, welding or selling.
Wire casing is advantageously by described stave supporting, and described ladder is advantageously supported by described middle part rod member.
This has just obtained various devices distributions member thereon, and therefore during this member is incorporated in the elevator hoistways and after being installed in this member wherein, this member all occupies limited overall dimensions.
According to a preferred scheme, this member comprises that at least two are substantially parallel to each other and by described reinforcing member bonded assembly bearer frame.
The number that constitutes the framework of described member can especially change according to the number of deck and/or between deck and/or distance therebetween as required.In any case, the number of framework is many more, and the time that the elevator that comprises corresponding member is installed is just short more.
Therefore, between improvement that obtains by prefabricated described member and the difficulty that causes by transporting and install bigger member, seek the scheme of a compromise.
The present invention also provides a kind of assembly that is suitable for equipping elevator hoistways, it is characterized in that it comprises:
-one member that has ready with the form that is installed in the precast segment in the described elevator hoistways, it comprises that a bearer frame, one are used for the guide rail of a lift car, one and are used for the guide rail of a counterweight and are used for described member kept and/or are fixed to device on the described elevator hoistways
-one pit bottom module that is suitable for being installed to described elevator hoistways base portion, it comprises at least two bearer frames, a framework has the device that is used to admit described car guide rail, and another framework has the device that is used to admit described counterweight guide rail.
Like this, be provided with and be used for synergistic device between member that is installed in the elevator hoistways base portion and pit bottom module.Therefore, this is convenient to base component with respect to the relative positioning of pit bottom module and fixing.
And these frameworks have disperseed to be applied to the load on the plate that is placed with module on it.This has just been avoided strengthening at least partly the needs of base plate, and this is necessary concerning traditional technology, and this is in order to make described plate can bear the stress that is applied on it.
According to a favourable scheme, described pit module is taked the form into the ready precast segment of installation.
Therefore this module is prefabricated in factory, it have with the front about the described identical advantage of prefabricated components.
Described pit bottom module is preferably with the device that at least one belongs to following group:
-elevator speed controller,
-counterweight speed controller,
-buffer of elevator,
-counterweight buffer.
This just obtained one be equipped with fully in advance the elevator true(-)running the module of the conventional equipment of security features must and/or be provided.
According to a favourable scheme, this assembly also comprises a machine room layer (machinery floor), and this layer has and is the ready precast segment form of installation, and is formed for upper end one closure member of described elevator hoistways.
According to a preferred scheme, described machine room layer comprises at least one electric equipment cabinet, at least one voltage transformer and at least one elevator operation motor, and this machine room layer has and is the ready precast segment form of installation.This has just been avoided the various mechanical components of assembled on site, and this assembling normally at the scene above deck and/or directly carry out on the between deck plate.
The present invention also provides a kind of installation method that is suitable for equipping the assembly of an elevator hoistways, it is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
-the form of making is ready pit bottom module with the precast segment that is installed in described elevator hoistways base portion,
-manufacturing one has ready to be installed in the member of the precast segment form in the described elevator hoistways, this member comprises that a bearer frame, one are used for the guide rail of a lift car, one and are used for the guide rail of a counterweight and are used for described member kept and/or are fixed to device on the described elevator hoistways
-described pit bottom module is mounted and fixed on the base portion of described elevator hoistways,
-described member is installed, and be fixed on the described pit bottom module, and
-will be used to keep and/or the device of fixing described member is installed to described elevator hoistways.
From to the explanation of above-mentioned assemble method as can be seen, the elevator that for example is made of prefabricated components according to the present invention is installed is reduced to basically and member is fixed on the elevator hoistways and is connected and/or engages these several steps operations of each member.
According to a favourable scheme, this method comprises by simply the step that described machine room layer is installed on the supporting member that is fastened on the described elevator hoistways is laid and be fixed on to described machine room layer.
The installation of this machine room layer is simple especially because place it on its supporting member and by welding, be threaded or sell connect be fixed just enough, thereby can further save time.
Description of drawings
The explanation to two preferred embodiments of the present invention that provides with indicative and nonrestrictive example and accompanying drawing below reading can more be clear that other characteristics of the present invention and advantage, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of using the elevator of installing according to prefabricated components of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a top plan view of using single lift car of installing according to prefabricated components of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is one and comprises two top plan view of using the lift facility of the lift car of installing according to prefabricated components of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the lateral plan according to a specific embodiment of prefabricated components of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the transparent view of pit bottom module; And
Fig. 6 is the transparent view of the machine room layer of the elevator that is made of assembly according to the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 shows an elevator that has two lift cars 1.Can clearly be seen that from following explanation the present invention is applicable to and comprises one, the elevator of two or more lift cars.
With reference to Fig. 1, elevator has at the hoistway 10 that forms elevator:
-be used for guide rail 2a, the 2b of one or more lift cars 1,
-one or more counterweights 3,
-be used for the guide rail 31 of one or more counterweights 3,
-mechanical equipment 4,
-be used for described mechanical equipment 4 is connected to hoist ropes 41 on counterweight 3 and the lift car 1,
-be used for the wire casing (trunking) 8 of cable 81, and
-ladder (this is not shown in the figures).
In the preferred embodiments of the present invention shown in Figure 4, these devices concentrate in together with the prefabricated components form that is installed in the elevator hoistways with ready, and comprise:
-one bearer frame 5, this framework are fastened on the deck that is designed to be fastened on ship and/or on maintenance on the between deck part 7 and/or the anchor fitting 6 or be fastened on directly or indirectly on arbitrary other member by the elevator hoistways supporting,
-one guide rail 2b that is used for a lift car 1,
-wire casing 8,
-one ladder 9, and
-guide rail (this is not shown in the figures, but represents with Reference numeral 31 in Fig. 2 and 3).
In the embodiment of Fig. 4, can clearly be seen that prefabricated components are made of cage guide 2b, counterweight guide rail 31 and reinforcing member 51 interconnective bearer frames 5 a series of.
For example, each bearer frame be about 1.30m apart from the space, in the example of many cars equipment, for the reason of safety, the form of spacer is preferably the metal sheet or the net of vertically extending lightweight between middle part rod member 56.
Reference is corresponding to the Fig. 2 that the embodiment of a lift car is wherein only arranged, bearer frame comprises a stave 52, one side of stave 52 has a car guide rail 2b, and its opposite side has two supporting members 53 that have the guide rail 31 that is used for counterweight 3.
It should be noted that the stave 52 and the supporting member 53 that finally obtain define one together for the mobile space of counterweight within it.
In this embodiment, stave 52 also has wire casing 8, and in the supporting member 53 one is loaded with a ladder 9 (it is installed between supporting member 53 and the elevator hoistways 10, obviously is for the sake of security).
And, prefabricated components by means of by supporting member 53 and be fixed to arm 54 on the end of stave 52 with fixing and/or holding device 6 remained in the elevator hoistways regularly.
With reference to corresponding to one wherein elevator comprise Fig. 3 of the embodiment of two lift cars 1, bearer frame comprises a framework that is made of two staves 52, the end of two staves 52 is connected by lateral direction element 53,55.
It should be noted that lateral direction element 53 also is configured for the supporting member of the guide rail of counterweight 3, another supporting member 53 is arranged in bearer frame inside.
Such just as shown here, each stave 52 has a car guide rail and a plurality of counterweight guide rail support spare.The bearer frame that finally obtains can occupy medium position in elevator hoistways, thus can with each mutual action in two lift cars on the opposite side that is installed in described framework respectively.
In this embodiment, prefabricated components are fixed by means of the middle part rod member 56 that its end (or its end itself forms anchor fitting) has anchor fitting 6.
This rod member is called as " middle part rod member " because it has occupied midway location between the stave 52, and is parallel to stave and extends.
As in Fig. 3 as seen, the middle part rod member is loaded with ladder 9 (as in the situation of the elevator that has only a lift car, wire casing 8 is by stave 52 supporting).
Therefore, elevator hoistways is equipped as lower member by installing:
-one or more prefabricated components, as one in the prefabricated components that illustrate previously,
-pit bottom module, as shown in Figure 5,
Being used to of-one type shown in Figure 6 supports described mechanical equipment and forms elevator and the machine room layer of the closure member in road.
With reference to Fig. 5, pit bottom module 50 comprises that two frameworks 501 that formed by H-girder and 502, one frameworks 502 are fixed to the end of another framework 501, so they form the supporting member of a T shape together.
Can clearly be seen that from figure framework 501 has the device 5011 that is used to admit car guide rail 2a, 2b, and framework 502 has the device 5021 that is used to admit counterweight guide rail 31.
According to a feature of pit bottom module, this module comprises the precast segment of preparing to be installed in the elevator hoistways bottom.
This prefabricated pit bottom module preferably is equipped with in advance:
-one elevator car speed controller 506,
-one counterweight speed controller 503,
-one lift car energy disperser 505, and
-one counterweight buffer 504.
As shown in Figure 6, machine room layer 60 is formed for the prefabricated closing device on the top of elevator hoistways.
This machine room layer 60 comprises two electric equipment cabinets 62, two voltage transformers 63 and two motors 63 that have hoist ropes lifting mechanism 41 on a plate 61.
By being provided with, machine room layer 60 in place machine room layer 60 can be installed simply on the supporting member 101 that is fastened on the hoistway 10.101 supportings of these supporting members are soldered, be threaded or sell the machine room layer 60 that is connected thereto.
The method of assembling elevator hoistways equipment is as follows:
-assemble one (being a plurality of in other embodiments) in advance and comprise a series of bearer frames, a car guide rail, two counterweight guide rails and be used to keep and/or the member of the device of fixing described elevator hoistways,
-assemble in advance one as previously described the pit bottom module and
-assemble a foregoing machine room layer that is suitable for supporting mechanical equipment (motor, voltage transformer, electric equipment cabinet etc.) in advance.
The size of prefabricated components preferably is specified to, for the whole height of equipment elevator hoistways must be assembled two (or three) described members.
In addition, according to prefabricated components of the present invention, pit bottom module and machine room layer can use any suitable package technique, for example welding or nuts and bolt.
Starting stage, the pit bottom module is provided, is located and is fixed on the base portion of elevator hoistways.
On a borehole wall of the inherent hoistway of elevator hoistways, fix a car guide rail.
First interior member of the hoistway of will packing into admits the device of pit bottom module to locate with respect to being used to, and cooperates with the pit bottom module.
Be encased in these prefabricated components or each prefabricated component in the elevator hoistways and be fixed on the elevator hoistways.
Under the situation of a plurality of members, each member also tightens together mutually, for example uses bolted gusset piece (gusset plate).In this case, each member also must connect mutually conductively.
By being set at each member, its length can obtain this connection corresponding to the part of the length of member.In a flexible program, the whole length of one of them member (preferably last install top member) supporting distribution, distribution is arranged into the bottom of elevator hoistways and is fixed on other member from corresponding member.
Prefabricated components design and are assembled into, and they can be installed on the free edge of hoistway internal deck and/or between deck in its final position.
This assembly is realized (especially using from soldering pin (Nelson pin) technology) by welding or by means of nuts and bolt.
Under the situation of the lift facility with two lift cars, these members are assembled into and occupy medium position, form a middle part " backbone (spine) ".For this reason, this member or each member are introduced in the hoistway with respect to its final position half-twist, so that should operation.In case arrived required height, with this member half-twist, on the support region that places it in corresponding deck and/or between deck.
In the end the stage, mechanical equipment supporting course (machine room layer) is positioned on the supporting member that is fastened on the hoistway.
Certainly, the whole erection process comprises and other relevant standard step such as wiring, illumination.