ES2301954T3 - ELEMENT ASSEMBLY PREVIOUSLY TO EQUIP A LIFT BOX, BOX, ASSEMBLY INTENDED TO EQUIP A LIFT BOX AND ASSEMBLY PROCEDURE OF SUCH CORRESPONDING ASSEMBLY. - Google Patents

Abstract

The casing has a pre-fabricated unit with a bearing frame, a ladder (9), and two guiding rails (2a, 2b) for guiding a cabin (1) of the casing. A third guiding rail (31) is provided for guiding a counter weight (3). Two maintenance and/or fixing units (6) are provided for fixing the pre-fabricated unit on the casing. A groove (8) receives a supply cable of the cabin, and the pre-fabricated unit can be mounted in the casing. Independent claims are also included for the following: (a) an assembly destined to equip a casing of a lift (b) a method for mounting an assembly destined to equip a casing of a lift.

Description

Element assembled previously to equip a elevator box, box, set intended to equip a box of elevator and assembly processing of said set corresponding.

The field of the present invention is that of elevators More precisely, the invention relates to equipment installed in the elevator boxes to ensure the displacements of the elevator car.

It is necessary to understand by elevators not only elevators for people but also forklifts for bulky goods.

The invention applies in particular, but not exclusively to ships, in particular to ships for passengers, cargo ships, military ships ... However, the technique according to the invention can similarly be applied to Land buildings.

An elevator is classically constituted by the assembly and assembly of a certain number of constituent parts in the elevator box. The essential organs for elevator operation are:

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the o the cabins;

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the guide rails for the cabin (s);

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the o the counterweights;

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the guide rails for the counterweight (s);

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the machinery;

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the traction cables that link the machinery to the counterweights and cabins;

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the Electrical cable circulation channels.

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...

Generally, the guide rails for cabins, guide rails for counterweights, channels and the scales are grouped into the set of walls of a box that constitutes the envelope of the elevator.

Currently, the assembly of the elevators in some ships are fully carried out when the phase of Ship assembly: the different constituent parts mentioned previously they are shipped in the form of separate pieces and assembled, very often by welding, each other and Different ship bridges and elevator box walls.

Knowing that ships equipped with elevators or with forklifts generally comprise between three and fifteen bridges, it is understood that the assembly operations of an elevator on a ship they are long and annoying.

By way of indication, the installation of a simple lift (a single cabin) on a ship comprising ten bridges represents a total of approximately 1,200 hours of hand working.

In addition, said elevator installation implies a level of risks not negligible due to the conditions of work in the elevator box (work at height, space restricted, welding projection, ...).

Now, the multiplication of operations of installation and the important duration necessary for your realization tends to confirm, even to increase, this level of risks

The invention aims in particular avoid the inconveniences of the prior art.

More precisely, the invention has for aim to propose a new elevator installation technique that allows to significantly reduce installation times.

The invention also aims at provide a technique that can be easily integrated into a vessel. In this sense, the invention also aims at provide a technique that does not involve overload or loss of space.

Another object of the invention is to provide a technique that allows predicting cost gains or at least That does not cause extra costs.

Another object of the invention is to provide a technique that limits the risks suffered by personnel who install the elevator

Another objective of the invention is still provide a technique that can be used whatever the height of the elevator box.

The invention also aims at provide a technique that is of simple conception and easy to perform.

These objectives, as well as others that will appear at Then, they are achieved thanks to the invention object an elevator system comprising two cabins and two counterweights, provided with an element intended to equip a box of elevator, and that includes:

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for the less a supportive armor;

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for the less a guide rail for the cabin;

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for the minus a guide rail for counterweight;

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some maintenance and / or fixing means of said element in said elevator box;

said element being constituted in the form of a previously assembled set ready to be mounted on said elevator box characterized in that said guide rails for cab and for counterweight they are folded and mounted on said armor so that said element can be mounted on substantially central position in a planned lift box for two cabins, called duplex or multiplex elevator.

Thanks to the invention, they can be reduced notably installation times on board ships or on the ground with respect to traditional solutions.

In effect, the number of operations performed for installation on board or on the ground of the elevator is considerably limited. The presence time of the operators in the elevator box is therefore decreased by consequence.

In addition, the previous assembly of the element intended to equip the box is made at the factory, in some operating conditions much more comfortable than in a box of elevator.

This reduces the risks suffered by the personnel who install the elevator, being a large part of the assembly work already done.

In addition, factory pre-assembly allows provide for the use of fast, precise assembly techniques, and inexpensive, using for example some robots of welding.

Advantageously, the element also comprises at least one channel intended to receive the power cable electric of said elevator car, the element comprising advantageously also at least one scale.

Thus constituted, the element contributes to also reduce the time required for the global installation of the elevator, reducing the time of presence of the workers in the elevator box

The installation of an elevator consisting of previously assembled elements according to the invention in a ship comprising ten bridges then needs approximately 600 hours, which halves installation time with Regarding traditional solutions.

According to a preferred solution, said armor bearing comprises at least one stringer intended to extend horizontally, said guide rail for mounted cab being on one side of said stringer, supporting the other side of said stringer at least two supportive supports each of a rail guided for counterweight, such that said stringer and said brackets delimit together a circulation space for said counterweight.

Armor of this type is little voluminous and thus facilitates its storage, transport and placement, presenting at the same time the set of traditional functionalities necessary for the operation of the elevator.

Preferably, said armor is integral with at least one consolidation bar intended to extend substantially vertically.

Such a bar can easily be applied to the reinforcement when the previous assembly takes place in factory. This bar contributes to the stiffness of the element.

According to a predictable variant, this bar can be applied temporarily on the stiffness reinforcement of the element for transport and shipping on board or on the terrain and then be extracted once the element is placed, then the stiffness of the element is simply secured by the guide rails for cab and counterweight.

The invention therefore applies to any type of elevator, whatever the height of the box and the number of cabins present in it.

In this case, the element comprises advantageously at least two stringers intended to extend in the same substantially horizontal plane and supporting each one by at least one cab guide rail and at least two brackets solidary each one of a guide rail for counterweight, being said stringers preferably attached to at least two sleepers such that said bearing armor forms a framework.

According to this provision, armor is obtained of particularly simple and effective conception, which allows to support the set of essential organs presenting a great capacity to withstand the mechanical stresses exerted on she.

According to a preferred solution, said frame supports at least one bar, called the center bar, which is extends parallel to said stringers occupying a position media between these, and supporting at its ends, or in the proximity of these, said maintenance and / or fixing means.

A bar of this type can be fixed on each of the bridges and / or entrepuentes, either by screwing, by welding or by interlocking.

Advantageously, said or said channels are supported by said or said stringers, said or said being scales advantageously supported by said or said bars central.

An element is thus obtained on which they are distributed the different organs in such a way that this element occupies a limited volume, either when its introduction takes place in the elevator box or once installed in it.

According to a preferred solution, the element it comprises at least two substantially carrying armor parallel to each other and joined by said or said bars of consolidation.

The number of armors that constitute the item may vary as necessary, in particular depending on  of the number of bridges and / or entrepuentes and / or the distance that the To stop. In any case, the higher the number of armor, the installation time of an elevator comprising more is reduced the corresponding elements.

It is therefore sought to find a compromise between the gain obtained by the previous assembly of the elements and the difficulty generated by the transport and placement of an item whose dimensions are increased.

The invention also relates to a system of elevator comprising at least one module according to the claim 9.

Thus, some means of cooperation between the element mounted on the base of the elevator box and the module pit bottom. This therefore facilitates relative positioning. as well as fixing the base element on the module background.

In addition, the armors allow to distribute the loads that are exerted on the sheet on which the module. This avoids having to reinforce at least locally the bottom plate, which is necessary with the classic techniques for that the sheet can withstand the efforts exerted on she.

According to an advantageous solution, said module of pit bottom is constituted in the form of an assembled assembly previously prepared to be mounted.

This module is therefore previously assembled. at the factory, which has the same advantages as those mentioned previously referring to the elements previously assembled

Preferably, said pit bottom module supports at least one of the organs that belong to the group next:

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speed limiter cabin;

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speed limiter counterweight;

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cabin dampers;

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counterweight dampers.

A module is thus obtained completely previously provided with the classic organs necessary for good  operation of the elevator and / or that ensure the functions of security in this one.

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According to an advantageous solution, the element it also includes a machinery floor and that forms an element of closing said elevator box at the upper end thereof.

According to a preferred solution, said soil It comprises at least one electrical cabinet, at least one transformer and at least one elevator operating motor and is constituted in the form of a previously assembled assembly Ready to be mounted. This avoids mounting on the ground. of the different machinery elements that are usually performs directly on the ground on a bridge plate and / or steering.

The invention also relates to a assembly procedure for a set to equip a box  of elevator, according to claim 12.

It is evident from this procedure of assembly that the installation of an elevator according to the invention is say constituted by previously assembled elements, it is reduced essentially to some fixing operations of the elements on the elevator box and some connection operations and / or coupling the elements with each other.

According to an advantageous solution, the procedure it comprises a step of placing said machinery floor by simple support and fixation of said floor on supports solidarity of said elevator box.

A floor of this type is installed so particularly simple to the extent that it is enough to make rest on its supports and fix it by welding, screwing or interlocked, and can therefore be obtained again time gains

Other features and advantages of the invention they will become more clear with the reading of the following description of two preferred embodiments of the invention, provided by way of illustrative examples and not limiting, and of the attached plans, in which:

- Figure 1 is a front sectional view of an elevator installed with the help of prefabricated elements according to the invention;

- Figure 2 is a sectional view above of a single cabin elevator installed with the help of elements prefabricated (not part of the invention);

- Figure 3 is a sectional view above of an elevator with two cabins installed with the help of elements prefabricated according to the invention;

- Figure 4 is a side view of a mode of particular embodiment of a prefabricated element according to the invention;

- Figure 5 is a perspective view of a pit bottom module;

- Figure 6 is a perspective view of a machinery floor of an elevator consisting of a set according to the invention.

Figure 1 illustrates an elevator that has two cabins 1. It is specified that, as will appear clearly below,  The invention applies both to elevators that have a single cabin as to elevators that have two cabins or plus.

Referring to figure 1, an elevator it comprises, inside a box 10 that constitutes the elevator envelope:

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some guide rails 2a, 2b for the booth (s) 1;

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some counterweights 3;

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some guide rails 31 for the counterweight or weights 3;

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a machinery 4;

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some traction cables 41 that link the machinery 4 to the counterweights 3 and to cabins 1;

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some circulation channels 8 for electric cables 81;

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nail scales (not shown in this figure).

According to the preferred embodiment of the invention illustrated by figure 4, these organs are grouped in the form of a previously assembled element, ready to be mounted on the elevator box, and comprising:

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a bearing armor 5, supportive of maintenance means and / or of fixing 6 intended to be in solidarity with bridge parts and / or entrepuente 7 of a ship or any other supported element directly or indirectly by the elevator box;

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a guide rail 2b for a cabin 1;

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some channels 8;

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a scale 9;

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some guide rails (not illustrated in this figure and that appear with the numerical reference 31 in figures 2 and 3).

According to the embodiment of Figure 4, it appears clearly that the prefabricated element is constituted by a succession of bearing armor 5 joined together by a part by a guide rail 2b for cabin, by some rails of guided 31 for counterweights and consolidation bars 51.

For indicative purposes, bearing armor are separated from each other presenting a separation of approximately 1.30 m from each other and, for safety reasons in case of multiplex elevator, a partition extends vertically between the central bars 56, said partition being preferably made from a light sheet or a trellis.

Referring to figure 2 that corresponds to an embodiment that is not part of the invention, according to which the elevator has a single cabin, the bearing reinforcement is constituted by a stringer 52 that supports on one of its sides a guide rail 2b for cabin and on the other of its sides two supports 53 that support the guide rails 31 for the counterweight 3.

It is observed that thus constituted, the stringer 52 delimit with the supports 53 a circulation space for the counterweight.

According to this embodiment, the stringer 52 it also supports a channel 8 and one of the supports 53 supports a scale 9 (this being, for obvious safety reasons, mounted between support 53 and elevator box 10).

In addition, the prefabricated element is maintained fixedly in the elevator box with the help of fixing means and / or maintenance 6 supported on the one hand by the brackets 53 and on the other hand by an arm 54 fixed at one end of the crossbar 52

Referring to figure 3, which corresponds to an embodiment according to which the elevator It has two cabins 1, the support armor is constituted by a frame comprising two stringers 52 joined at its end by some sleepers 53, 55.

It will be noted that one of these sleepers 53 it also constitutes a support for the guide rails for counterweights 3, extending another support 53 inside the framework of the bearing armor.

As illustrated, each of the stringers 52 supports a guide rail for cab and some supports of the guide rails for counterweight. Thus arranged, the armor bearing can occupy a central position inside a elevator box, with a view to acting on each of the two cabins mounted on both sides of the armor.

According to this embodiment, the fixing of the previously assembled item is made with the help of a central bar 56 that supports fixing means at its ends 6 (or whose ends form fixing means).

This bar is designated by the term "central" to the extent that this bar occupies a position media between the stringers 52, extending parallel to these.

As shown in figure 3, the bar central supports some 9 scales (channels 8 being, as in the single cabin case, supported by stringers 52).

The equipment of an elevator box is therefore made by use:

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one's or several previously assembled elements such as one of the described above;

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of a pit bottom module, as illustrated in the figure 5;

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of a soil that supports the machinery and that constitutes the element of closure of the elevator box, of the type of floor illustrated in the figure 6.

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Referring to Figure 5, the module pit bottom 50 comprises two armors 501 and 502 constituted by beams that have an I-shaped section, being one of the armors 502 fixed at the end of the other armors 501 of such that they form a T-shaped bearing base.

As it clearly appears, the 501 armor supports 5011 reception means of the guide rails for cabin 2a, 2b and armature 502 supports receiving means 5021 of the guide rails 31 for counterweight.

According to one characteristic of the pit bottom, this one It is constituted as a previously assembled set, prepared to be mounted at the bottom of the elevator box.

A module of this type of pit bottom previously assembled is preferably previously equipped:

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with a 506 cab speed limiter;

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with a 503 counterbalance speed limiter;

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with a 505 cab damper;

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with a 504 counterweight damper.

As illustrated in Figure 6, the machinery floor 60 constitutes a means of closing previously assembly of the elevator box, on top of it.

This machinery floor 62 comprises, on a sheet 61, two electrical cabinets 62, two transformers 63 and two 64 motors with traction cable winders 41.

This floor 60 is simply installed placing it on supportive supports 101 of the box 10. These 101 supports support the floor 60 and ensure its maintenance by simple welding, screwed or interlocked.

The assembly procedure of a set of Lift box equipment is performed as follows:

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previous assembly of an element (or of several elements according to others embodiments) consisting of a series of armor load bearing, one guide rail for cab, two guide rails for counterweight and maintenance and / or fixing means to said elevator box,

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preassembly of a bottom module of pit as described above,

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pre-assembly of a floor intended to support the machinery (engine (s), transformer (s), cabinet (s) electric (s) ....), as described previously.

Preferably, the prefabricated element is sized in such a way that it is necessary to assemble two (or three) elements to equip the entire height of the elevator box.

Moreover, the prefabricated elements according to the invention, as well as the pit bottom modules and the machinery floor, are made using any technique of appropriate assembly, for example by welding or screwed

According to an initial phase, the background module of pit is presented, positioned and fixed at the base of the box elevator.

A guide rail for the cabin is fixed on the elevator box, on one of the walls of the box.

The first element, outlined in the box is positioned with respect to the reception means of the module pit bottom, cooperating this first element with the module pit bottom.

The prefabricated element (s) are drawn in the elevator box and fixed to it.

In the case of several elements, these are also in solidarity with each other, for example with the help of plates  screwed It is also necessary, in this case, to connect electrically the elements together.

This connection can then be obtained. providing in each of the elements sections of a length corresponding to that of the elements. According to a variant, one of the elements (preferably, the element mounted last in the high part), supports the entire length of the wiring that is develops from the corresponding element to the part get off the box and fixing this cable to the other elements.

The prefabricated elements are conceived and mounted in such a way that, in the final position, they can be assembled with the free edge presented by the bridges and / or entrepuentes inside the elevator box.

This assembly is done either by welding, or by screwing (in particular by the technique of the "self-welded" pins known as the pin Nelson).

In the case of an elevator with two cabins, the elements are assembled so that they occupy a position central, forming a kind of central edge. To do this, he or the elements are drawn in the box being rotated in a room of turn with respect to its final position to facilitate the routing. Once presented at the desired height, the element is therefore rotated approximately 90º on itself with a view to being positioned on the support areas of the bridges and / or entrepuentes corresponding.

According to a final phase, the support floor of the machinery is positioned on supportive supports of the box.

Obviously, the complete assembly includes other classic stages, related to wiring, lighting ...

Claims (13)

1. Elevator system comprising two cabins and two counterweights, provided with an element intended to equip a elevator box, and comprising:

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for the minus a supporting armor (5);

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for the less a guide rail (2b) for cab (1);

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for the minus a guide rail (31) for counterweight (3);

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some maintenance and / or fixing means (6) of said element a said elevator box,

said element being constituted in the form of a previously assembled assembly prepared to be mounted in said elevator housing, characterized in that said guide rails (2b, 31) for cabin (1) and for counterweight (3) are folded and mounted on said frame (5) in such a way that said element can be mounted in a substantially central position in an elevator housing provided for two cabins (1). 2. Elevator system according to claim 1, characterized in that it also comprises at least one channel (8) intended to receive the power supply cable of said elevator car (1) and at least one scale (9). 3. Elevator system according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said supporting frame (5) comprises at least one crossbar (52) intended to extend horizontally, said guide rail (2b) for cabin (1) being mounted on one side of said stringer (52), the other side of said stringer (52) supporting at least two supports (53) integral each with a guide rail (31) for counterweight (3), such that said stringer (52) and said supports (53) together define a circulation space for said counterweight (3). 4. Elevator system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said reinforcement (5) is integral with at least one consolidation bar (51) intended to extend substantially vertically. 5. Elevator system according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least two stringers (52) intended to extend in the same substantially horizontal plane and each supporting at least one guide rail (2b) for cabin (1) and at least two supports (53) integral with each one of a guide rail (31) for counterweight (3) and because said stringers (52) are joined by at least two sleepers (53, 55) such that said bearing armor (5) forms a frame. 6. Elevator system according to claim 5, characterized in that said frame supports at least one bar, called center bar (56), which extends parallel to said stringers (52) occupying a middle position between them, and supporting at its ends , or in the vicinity of these, said maintenance and / or fixing means (6). 7. Elevator system according to any of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that said or said channels (8) are supported by said or said stringers (52) and because said or said scales (9) are supported by said or said central bars (56). 8. Elevator system according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that it comprises at least two bearing frames (5) substantially parallel to each other and joined by said or said consolidation bars (51). 9. Elevator system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises:

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for the minus one module, called pit bottom module (50), intended to be applied at the base of said elevator box and comprising at least two bearing armor (501, 502), presenting a reception means (5011) of said guide rails for cabin, and presented the other reception means (5021) of said guide rails for counterweight.

10. Elevator system according to claim 9, characterized in that said pit bottom module (50) is constituted in the form of a previously assembled assembly prepared to be mounted. 11. Elevator system according to any of claims 9 and 10, characterized in that it also comprises a machinery floor (60) that constitutes the closing element of said elevator housing at the upper end thereof and that is constituted in the form of a previously assembled set ready to be assembled. 12. Assembly procedure of an elevator system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

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perform at least one background module pit (50) in the form of a previously assembled assembly prepared to be mounted on the base of said box of elevator;

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make at least one system according to any one of claims 1 to 8,

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place and fix said bottom module of pit (50) on the basis of said elevator box;

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place and fix said at least one element on said pit bottom module (50);

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hook the maintenance means and / or fixing (6) of said or said elements on said box of elevator.

13. Assembly method according to claim 12, characterized in that it comprises a step of placing a floor (60) of machinery that constitutes the closing element of said elevator box at the upper end thereof and that is constituted in the form of a previously assembled assembly prepared to be mounted, by simple support and fixation of said floor (60) on supportive supports of said elevator box.