FR2758145A1 - PROCESS FOR THE REALIZATION OF AN EXTENDABLE FABRIC THAT CAN BE USED IN PARTICULAR AS A SEAT COVERING AND A NEW TYPE OF FABRIC THUS REALIZED - Google Patents

Abstract

In the method for producing a fabric that is extendible in both the warp and weft directions and which exhibits colour effects, the warp and weft yarns being synthetic yarns that have been subjected a false twist type texturing treatment to render them both voluminous and extendible, the textured yarns forming the warp and/or the weft are dyed prior to forming into the fabric under conditions such that the yarns can contract during the dyeing operation. The weave of the fabric is designed such that the raw fabric is decontextured in the warp and the weft with respect to the desired density in the finished fabric. It then involves carrying out a weaving operation while maintaining the warp and weft yarns under tension. After the weaving operation, the raw fabric is washed at a temperature of below 100 degrees C to avoid washing out of the colourants, then subjected to a thermal finishing treatment by passage on a tenter frame, these operations being carried out under conditions which cause a contraction of the crimp of the yarn which in turn causes a retraction of the fabric in both the warp and the weft directions.

Description

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING AN EXTENDABLE TISSUE

  NOTAIMENTALLY USEFUL AS COVERING SEATS AND

  NEW TYPE OF FABRIC SO PRODUCED.

  The present invention relates to an improved method for producing a new type of extensible fabric both in the warp and weft direction, and more particularly a fabric that can be used as

  seats, including car seats.

  It is known that the materials used to make seat coverings, especially in the automotive sector, must not only have very good resistance to abrasion under pressure, but not to

  deteriorate in time under the influence of heat, solar radiation ...

  Moreover, the complex shape that can have the seat and backrest of the seat to improve the comfort and maintenance of the body of the driver, that is making more and more use of extensible textile structures to achieve such coatings . To date, as materials, we mainly use fabrics obtained by knitting and more particularly those made according to the technique known as "stitched" which are, by the fact of the interlocking mesh in each other, slightly extensible even if the wires used to make them

  do not have such a property.

  Although very many proposals have been made to date to make expandable warp and weft fabrics usable more particularly in the field of clothing, their use as seat coverings has not developed, which can be explained by the fact that they do not make it possible to solve simultaneously all the problems recalled previously,

  especially with regard to friction resistance.

  Among the extensible fabrics proposed to date, two large families

can be quoted.

  The first, which allows to obtain articles that can have a very high extensibility, up to 40%, is to make the fabric from gimped son, assembled or equivalent, whose core consists of a wire being part of the class of elastofibers, for example spandex, and whose coating may consist of either a fiber yarn or a synthetic yarn,

  possibly textured, in particular by false torsion.

  These gimped son undergo a suitable heat treatment which allows to temporarily block their extensibility making them suitable for weaving,

  the extensibility of the fabric being revealed during a subsequent finishing treatment.

  Such a procedure, however, causes problems of implementation, in particular to obtain the shrinkage of the wire during the heat treatment, shrinkage which may cause defects in the fabric, including blistering,

  requiring a new treatment to bring the fabric flat.

  If such articles may be suitable for the production of seat coverings because of their very great extensibility, they are not however adapted by the fact that the elastic core can degrade in time, and especially that they have a resistance friction insufficient for such an application. Moreover, fabrics based on elastomeric yarns (core threads) also have a major disadvantage, namely their high price resulting from both the materials that go into their composition and the milling operations necessary to obtain them. pose problems during their handling, dyeing

In particular.

  It has also been proposed, still in the field of clothing, to produce warp and weft fabrics having a very good stretch, up to 15%, using synthetic yarns, polyamide or polyester by

  For example, having received a texturing treatment, by false twist in particular.

  Such fabrics made from textured yarns can be produced at a very competitive price. From a practical point of view, however, these products are mainly used in the field of clothing and have not found any application in the field of seat coverings. Moreover, this type of article is generally dyed into pieces, which makes it possible to produce only fabrics

  united or un-united, and does not allow to obtain colored drawings.

  It has been found, and this is the subject of the present invention, an improved method which makes it possible to produce extensible fabrics in both the warp and weft direction, fabrics which have colored effects, and this from son textured by false twist called "son mousse" did not receive any

  complementary heat treatment, to limit its extensibility.

  In general, the process according to the invention consists in producing an extensible fabric in both the warp and the weft direction, and which has colored effects, the warp and weft threads being synthetic yarns having received a false twist texturing treatment, making them both bulky and extensible, the method according to the invention being characterized in that: the textured yarns forming the warp and / or the weft are dyed beforehand transformation operation in tissue, and in conditions such that the son can contract during this operation; the weave of the fabric is designed so that the unbleached fabric is decontextured in warp and weft with respect to the desired density in the finished fabric; the weaving operation is performed by keeping the warp and weft threads under tension; after weaving, the unbleached fabric is subjected to a washing operation at a temperature below 100 ° C. in order to prevent the dyestuffs from dyeing, and then to a finishing heat treatment (reaming), these operations being carried out under conditions such as that it causes a contraction of the crimp of the son causing a retraction of the fabric both in the warp direction as in the

frame direction.

  According to a preferred embodiment, the fabric obtained by the process according to the invention is made from textured polyester threads by false twist. In such a case, in order to carry out the dyeing operation, the yarns are in the form of soft coils allowing retraction of the yarn during the dyeing operation which, preferably, is carried out in an autoclave at a temperature of

temperature of the order of 130 C.

  Such a fabric can be based on any type of armor, whether it is armor

  united, fantasy, even Jacquard.

  Moreover, when producing the unbleached fabric, the density of warp yarns and weft yarns is calculated to be about 10 to 15% lower than the density.

  final desired in the finished fabric.

  As indicated above, the washing operation is carried out so as not to affect the coloration of the son, a temperature of 90 C suitable in the case of pre-dyed polyester son, the finishing heat treatment (reaming) being it is carried out on an installation inside which prevails a temperature of 150 C, but which, given the speed of passage of the fabric which is of the order of 15 m / minute, makes the latter

  does not reach a temperature of about 130 C.

  By proceeding in such a way, we obtain an extensible fabric in both the warp and the weft direction, having an extensibility of the order of 20% and which, moreover, has an improved abrasion resistance. compared to the previous warp and weft fabrics, extensible, made of textured yarns and which are

intended for clothing.

  The invention and the advantages it brings will, however, be better understood thanks to the exemplary embodiments given below by way of indication but not limitation.

Example 1

  A fabric according to the invention is produced whose chain and

frame are as follows.

  * Chain: Textured polyester yarns by false twist, each thread having two ends of 167 dtex30 strands, having been previously dyed. The chain has 4498 threads and is made with a color scheme (three colors). The comb of the loom has 13 teeth / centimeter with two threads

  per tooth, or 26 threads per centimeter.

  * Weft: FT textured polyester yarns similar to warp yarns. The sons

weft are also dyed.

  The weaving is done by keeping the warp threads under tension, the weft

  being inserted also under tension at the rate of 20 strokes / centimeter.

  At the fall of the loom, the fabric obtained has a width of 152 centimeters and

weighs 230 grams / square meter.

  Such an ecru fabric has an extensibility of length and width of 10%.

  The ecru fabric thus produced is subjected to a treatment that makes it possible to amplify these extensibility properties, which treatment firstly consists of a washing operation at a temperature of 90 ° C. carried out on a "Jet" type machine. during which the fabric is maintained without tension both in length and in width. The washing temperature is such that on the one hand, it does not affect the qualities of the dyeing performed on the son, and do not cause a thermal fixation of the crimp son. After such a washing treatment, the fabric is subjected to a drying and reaming operation. During this operation, the train is at a temperature of 150 C, the speed of passage of the fabric is 15 meters / minute. As a result, given this passage speed, the rise in temperature of the fabric is limited to about 130 C. Moreover, the train is set so that the fabric is maintained in the width obtained after washing, without exercising

  voltage, and also with an introductory boost.

  At the end of treatment, a finished fabric having a width of 145 cm is obtained and

  a weight of 255 grams per square meter.

  The warp density is 30.5 threads / centimeter and the weft density is 23.8 threads / centimeter. Such a fabric has an elasticity of the order of 20% in both the warp and weft directions. This elasticity is determined by measurement on a dynamometer according to the test method defined by the vehicle manufacturers

  French standard D 41029 under a load of 5 daN.

Example 2

  Example 1 is repeated except that the warp and weft threads consist of textured polyester threads each consisting of three ends having a title of 167dtex / 30 strands, the number of warp threads being 4134 threads and density at

  also comb of 26 threads / centimeter.

  The weft is also made of a false twisted textured polyester yarn formed of three ends of 167 dtex / 30 strands previously dyed, with a reduction

of 14 strokes / centimeter.

  At the fall of the loom, the fabric has a width of 152 centimeters and weighs 275

grams / square meter.

  Its elasticity rate in warp and weft is 10%.

  Finishing treatment is carried out under the same conditions as

Example 1

  After treatment, a finished fabric having a width of 142 cm is obtained and

  weighing 335 grams per square meter.

  Such a fabric has 28.5 threads / centimeter and 15.5 threads / centimeter.

  Like the fabric of Example 1, it has a two-way elasticity

of the order of 20%.

  This fabric is particularly suitable for making the covering of seats, especially for automobiles, and has very good characteristics of

abrasion resistance.

Claims (3)

  1 / A process for producing an extensible fabric both in the warp and weft direction and which has colored effects, used in particular as seat coverings, the warp threads and the weft threads being synthetic threads having received a false twist texturing treatment, making them both bulky and extensible, characterized in that: the textured yarns forming the warp and / or the weft are previously dyed before the fabric transformation operation, and this in conditions such that the wires can contract during this operation; the weave of the fabric is designed so that the unbleached fabric is decontextured in warp and weft with respect to the desired density in the finished fabric; the weaving operation is performed by keeping the warp and weft threads under tension; after weaving, the unbleached fabric is subjected to a washing operation at a temperature of less than 100 ° C. in order to prevent the staining of the dyestuffs, and then to a finishing heat treatment (reaming), these operations being carried out under conditions such that it causes a contraction of the crimp of the son causing a retraction of the fabric both in the   chain sense only in the weft direction.   2 / A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the density of warp son and weft is calculated to be less than about 10 to 15% to   the desired final density in the finished fabric.   3 / Fabric obtained by the implementation of the method according to one of the   Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it is based on polyester threads textured by   false twist and presents, after finishing treatment, an extensibility of the order   20% in both warp and weft directions.