FR2739642A1 - MODULAR CONSTRUCTION BLOCK WITH PRE-EQUIPMENT IN NETWORKS AND FACING FOR THE ELEVATION OF WALLS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a modular building block with a pre-equipment in networks and facings for the elevation of walls. - The object of the invention is a modular block, substantially parallelepiped and of large dimensions in length with a standardized height, for the elevation of walls comprising a matrix (14), forming a core, in rigid insulating material, a coating ( 16) in facing, at least on the outside, at least one horizontal network (24) integrated in the matrix of said block, comprising pipes for the supply or return network for fluids or energy, more particularly electrical, and junction means (28) of these network conduits of one block with the network conduits of an adjacent block, arranged in line with the side butt faces of said blocks, as well as a vertical network (18, 20) comprising evacuation or connecting elements, also integrated into the matrix of said block. - Application to the elevation of walls, in particular in the building sector.

Description

1, 2739642

  MODULAR CONSTRUCTION BLOCK WITH A PRE-EQUIPMENT IN

  NETWORKS AND FACING FOR THE ELEVATION OF WALLS

  The present invention relates to a modular block with a pre-

  network equipment, in particular water supply, hot and cold, waste water and rainwater discharges, electricity, hot water heating, cold water cooling, central vacuum, controlled mechanical ventilation, for the elevation of walls, said modular blocks comprising

  also the interior and / or exterior siding.

  In the field of building, we seek to reduce labor costs while achieving quality construction with good

  thermal and sound insulation. We also seek to reduce the time required for making the customer available faster.

  We know that the shell requires a short time but other bodies can hardly begin anything.

  On the other hand, once the building is covered, the various bodies of state, electrician, plumber, heating engineer, tiler, plasterer, joiner find themselves

  simultaneously on the site and it is necessary to coordinate the various actions because there is a precise chronology of the work to be established.

  This is the main source of delays on a building site and in cases where everything happens in perfect synchronization, this succession of actions is nevertheless very greedy in time.20 We have already tried to save time by producing prefabricated panels corresponding to a wall or wall, these panels

  already comprising an electrical pre-equipment with embedded ducts for example.

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  Such achievements remain insufficient to provide significant time savings.

  Another important step is indoor / outdoor decorations. In addition to the fact that it takes time to achieve them, it can be noted that they intervene at the end of the project and that they are often dependent on climatic conditions. Another phenomenon of taste, on the one hand, and simplicity of maintenance, on the other hand, leads buyers to ask for an exterior facade stone, or even interior stone.10 A parameter deters the buyer, it is the price because blocks of stone are expensive and are difficult to implement because the facade is no longer retouched, once the wall is high, so there is no way to make up for any defect. Anyway, the problem of the work of equipment and finishing

is not solved.

  On the other hand, we know that there is reconstituted stone which reproduces quite the aspect and the touch of the cut stone at cost prices without comparison possible. In addition, this reconstituted stone, in the form of plates, has another very interesting advantage since it does not retain dust and other particles of pollution that tend to become embedded in the cut stone. Even thin, it is perfectly

  waterproof and its fungicidal adjuvants introduced during manufacture prohibit the proliferation of cryptograms and other foams.

  Given the presence on the market of these new products, recent concepts have emerged and we have been able to build building blocks by raising wall and pillars or beams that combine

  an insulator in the form of a foam, more particularly polyurethane, with reconstituted stone slabs, arranged on the visible faces of the building elements, especially in facing.

  Also, the present invention provides modular blocks comprising an insulator with at least one face equipped with reconstituted stone plates, which allow the elevation of walls with the recovery of compressive forces,

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  which integrate all the networks, which confer a finished or quasi-finished state on the wall made up of these blocks. For this purpose, according to the invention, the modular block, substantially parallelepipedic and of large dimensions in length with a standardized height, for the elevation of walls comprises a matrix, forming a core, of rigid insulating material, a cladding facing, a less outside, at least one horizontal network integrated in the matrix of said block, comprising feed or return network lines of fluids or energy, more particularly electrical, and junction means of these pipes10 network of a block with the network ducts of an adjacent block, arranged to the right of the end faces of said blocks, and a

  vertical network comprising evacuation or connecting elements, also integrated in the matrix of said block.

  More particularly, the network ducts, both horizontal and vertical, are housings that have been fabricated with the die and used directly as conduits or with ducts or reported cables. According to another characteristic of the invention, the feed pipes of the horizontal network comprise hot and cold water supply pipes, disposed substantially at standard stitching height of sanitary appliances, household appliances with means of sealing connection. Seamless between the pipes of two adjacent blocks. In addition, the supply lines are arranged in the matrix with a peripheral free volume allowing access and connection of

pricking pins.

  According to another characteristic, there are provided heating or air conditioning network lines, with opening reserves,

  oriented towards the inner facing, the open face being closed by the facing material itself, sealed by a water-repellent composition.

  According to a complementary characteristic, certain network ducts of the vertical network are intended to receive concrete so as to form the pillars of recovery efforts while some lines of

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  vertical network are designed to form stormwater and sewerage columns. According to a particular embodiment, the outer facing at least is made of reconstituted stone and the core of rigid insulating material is polyurethane foam, the facing being fixed on the core during the expansion and polymerization of the polyurethane. The invention also relates to a modular angle block for the angular junction of straight blocks, which comprises a hole of large diameter for forming a column by stacking said corner blocks 10 on each other, each block comprising a removable plug cap, accessible from the inside facing side to allow easy access to the column, said block having extensions designed to cooperate with the blocks of the walls or partitions. Therefore, the column can receive the security elements of the

  network lines such as circuit breakers or shut-off valves for fluids.

  The invention is described below according to a preferred nonlimiting embodiment, with reference to the appended drawings, which schematically illustrate said invention, in which the following figures represent: FIG. 1, a perspective view of an angle of 2, a cross-sectional view of a modular block, FIG. 3, a detail top view of a modular corner block, FIG. Detail top view of a straight modular block, with modular corner junction, Figure 5, Detail view of a T connection, Figure 6, an elevation view of a wall assembled from modular blocks with representation of the different networks, and FIG. 7, a sectional view of a raised frame embedded in

  the wall made using modular blocks according to the invention.

  In Figure 1, there is shown modular blocks 10, on two heights with modular blocks of angle 12.

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  Each modular block comprises a matrix 14 of polyurethane foam, forming a core on the visible faces of which are reported plates 16 of reconstituted stone. The connection can be made using tie rods reported but preferably, by adherence of the stone plate on the block of polyurethane foam. Indeed, during the polymerization of the polyurethane, there is

  foaming and adhesion on the stone, simultaneously. Note in this same figure 1 and in Figure 4 the presence of holes 18 and 20, the longitudinal axis is oriented vertically.

  The holes 18 are preferably designed to receive a metal reinforcement if necessary and concrete to form pillars of recovery efforts. The polyurethane matrix serves as formwork. Only the columns concerned, consisting of a vertical succession of holes, are used, the

others may remain empty.

  The holes 18 of larger diameter also form columns and the latter are used for the realization of pillars of recovery efforts but also for the evacuation of wastewater and rainwater. Advantageously, taking into account the arrangement of the various columns, the pillars can be made in staggered rows, which reinforces the stability of the wall in its thickness and allows the recovery of the forces generated.

  by the failures of the roof, a pole being disposed under each intermediate failure. In this case, the polyurethane used is, for example, a poly-

  isocyanurate, especially commercially sold under the trademark "Piruntec", sufficiently dense and closed porosity to be watertight

  flows and odors, knowing that the evacuations work without pressure, by simple gravity flow.

  It is nevertheless useful to provide seals 22 at the interface between two superimposed blocks. In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, there is provided a groove and a bead provided to cooperate together at the interface, this baffle being sufficient. For example, a common joint sold under the trade name ORDOLENE PCE 29 Kg may be used.

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  of sufficient thickness and running the entire length of the block, the

  different holes of the vertical network being previously arranged.

  As an additional precaution, it is possible to envisage any additional seal. Each right modular block also comprises at least one housing

  24 made with the polyurethane matrix, in the form of a reserve in which a network pipe 23 is arranged.

  These dwellings have their longitudinal axis oriented horizontally.

  The term network pipe means a hot or cold water supply pipe, a sheath by electric cables or the electric cables themselves, the polyurethane foam being an excellent insulator

  electric, a hot water circulation pipe for heating as will be described below.

  The network pipes are preferably fixed in the blocks

  modular by 26 polyurethane foam bridges, come from manufacturing with the matrix.

  These network lines include end junction means 28 which may be sealed fluid connections or fast electrical connections of known type. With respect to heating or cooling for a temperature control effect, it is possible to to integrate a fluid circulation for a heating with hot water or for a cooling with cold water. For this purpose, reserves 30 are provided in the matrix 14, itself. The reserves 30 are closed on their open face by the inner facing itself, during the manufacture of the block. It suffices for this to mix with the reconstituted stone plate a water-repellent product, in the preferred embodiment according to the invention. It is also possible to relate a sealing material 32 interposed between the polyurethane foam block to further reinforce the seal. It should also be noted that subsequently, if necessary, a composition can be circulated in the circuit. of

  heating / cooling whose role is to strengthen the seal for each of the reserves in contact with said composition.

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  The inner liner on the inner face of each modular block is attached either later when the wall is raised, especially in the case

  o the heating / cooling option is not provided, either at the time of construction of the block in the case where the facing for example is made of pierre5 reconstituted and in the case where the block also includes heating / air conditioning.

  The mains 23 is a water line at the appropriate temperature, hot or cold, equipped with a tee (T) of connection 34 such that

  shown in FIG. 5, in an isolated manner. The tee opens in a reserve 30 and supplies all the reserves in the row which are interconnected by the tubes 36.

  In FIG. 6, there is shown a vertical interconnection 37, between the different rows, to the lowest row which is, thanks to a tee

  34, connected to the circulation pump 44.

  This type of heating works without pressure, and for this purpose, a regulator is provided in the upper part to eliminate any overpressure generated by the pump. It is thus possible to produce complete walls with the various networks at different predetermined heights, the electrical network 38 at the bottom and the top, the hot and cold water networks 40, 42 at the standard height of the sanitary appliances and the hot or cold water heating or air conditioning 44 in the upper and lower part. It is thus understood that it is possible to make sanitary water taps by drilling using a bell tap, for example,

  perpendicular to the desired network line.

  When the fluid duct is reached, a free volume around said duct makes it possible to dispose of the known type of spigots and sold commercially, comprising clamps, a piercing pin and a seal. for electrical cables, provision can be made for the installation of taps at any location, in addition to the locations initially selected, by means of

  connections identical to fluid connections. The connection connectors of the electric cables will advantageously be quick-connect.

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  Regarding the low-pressure heating, the network is pre-established and the various reserves 30, in which the hot water circulates, constitute a

  mosaic of radiant surfaces, which, as everyone knows, is the heating providing the best performance and especially the best comfort for the user.

  There remains a problem, that of the angles of connection between the walls.

  Indeed, it is necessary to ensure a fluid and electrical continuity from one wall to another or a wall to a partition.

  In Figures 1 and 3, there is shown a modular block of angle 12.

  This block comprises a hole intended to form a column by stacking the blocks on one another.

  The dimensions of this column are important enough to allow easy access and the establishment of particular security elements, such as a circuit breaker or stop valves for fluids.15 In Figure 3, there is a plug cap 41 removable so as to allow access to the inside of the column immediately and without tools or blockage of any kind. The reconstituted stone facing ensures a certain superposition that ensures the masking of the various plugs that integrate

  on the wall. Indeed, the cap is a small block with polyurethane foam and a reconstituted stone corner plate.

  In FIG. 7, there is shown a frame 43 which is embedded in the blocks with fastening tabs 45 which pass through the polyurethane matrix to open into the columns intended to form pillars. Thus, the fixing lugs are embedded in the concrete which is poured into the corresponding columns. The frame is fixed perfectly rigid and is integrated into the wall. In order to hide the plans of the frame with the wall and to prevent the penetration of water by the projections coming from the outside, specific plates 46, of reconstituted stone, are reported on the periphery of the opening, in out of support. These plates are immobilized with the aid of

  fixing lugs 48. The screws 50 ensure the fixing of the facing plates, inside and outside.

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  On the inside, a joint cover is enough to fulfill the function of aesthetic masking between the inner facing and the frame.

  As regards the seals, it is necessary to provide cords of polymerizable material injected after installation of the frames, this in a known manner. In addition, for the interlocking between blocks, recesses form baffle, as shown in the various figures and are optionally supplemented by elastomeric beads arranged during the elevation of the wall and by any reserves with an injection of

polyurethane spray, in situ.

  The facing plates are jointed in known manner by a type of waterproof coating material.

  Such a wall is raised from foundations of known type, in the form of running soles or any other suitable support.

  In the upper part, a concrete chaining ensures the rigidity of the structure and allows the installation of a floor of a higher floor or the installation of a roof.

  Advantageously, the basic right blocks will have a lower surface of installation without recess and the right blocks of the top of the wall

  may have a horizontal reservation, parallel to the mains 20 to serve as formwork concrete chaining and recovery of the pillar heads.

  The modular blocks according to the invention thus allow a rapid rise of complete walls, with the interior / exterior decorations, with the

  Utilitarian networks, with a thermal and sound insulation of very high quality, with the possibilities of pricking established or according to convenience, a posteriori.

  In addition, these blocks can easily be made industrially with little or no manual recovery so that the cost is reduced

  As for the saving of time and manpower, it is evident from reading the foregoing description.

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  This gain is all the more important as the length of the blocks is important, of the order of 3 meters to give an idea, the height corresponding, of course, to the normalized height of the traditional blocks. Regarding the finish of the shell, the purlins are arranged in a known manner over the entire roof surface, a pole having been cast in place and necessary for the support of breakdowns, to resume the load. The gears are mounted using blocks of the same type as described above and specific blocks of finishing, corresponding to the roof slope and

  therefore to the shifting of the blocks between them. These specific blocks ensure continuity of the slope of said pinion.

  According to an improvement of the invention, it is proposed to have a skirting board in the lower part of the high wall with the help of the blocks according to the invention, which makes it possible to locate the different mains of the networks, the locations of the heating reserves. or air conditioning and more generally the ends of the blocks. Indeed after decoration on the inner facing, it can be difficult to find the different reference positions of the integrated equipment elements. According to other features of the invention, it is also possible to provide access to the right of the juxtaposition plane of two blocks if it is desired to change a joint of a connection means 28 of the domestic water network. For this reason,

  the invention proposes to place a vertical masking plate, protruding, removable, held by any suitable means such as clips.

Claims (10)

  1. Modular block, substantially parallelepipedal and of large dimensions in length with a standardized height, for the elevation of walls comprising a matrix (14), forming a core, of rigid insulating material, a coating (16) facing, at least to the outside, at least one horizontal network (24) integrated in the matrix of said block, comprising supply or return mains conduits for fluids or energy, more particularly electrical, and connecting means (28) of these network ducts in one block with the network ducts of an adjacent block, arranged in line with the abutting side faces of said blocks, and a vertical network (18, 20) comprising evacuation or discharge elements. bond,   also integrated in the matrix of said block.   Modular block for the elevation of walls, according to claim 1, characterized in that the network ducts, both horizontal and vertical,   The housings are manufactured with the die (14) and used directly as conduit or with pipes or cables reported.   3. Modular block for the elevation of walls, according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the supply lines of the horizontal network comprise conduits (40, 42) for supplying hot water and cold water, arranged substantially to standard stitching height of sanitary appliances, household appliances with sealed connection means (28) seamless between the pipes of two adjacent blocks. Modular block for the elevation of walls according to claim 3, characterized in that the supply lines are arranged in the   matrix with a peripheral free volume allowing access and connection of pricking pins.   5. Modular block for the elevation of walls, according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises mains (44) heating or air conditioning, with reserves (30) outlet, oriented 12 2739642   towards the inner facing, the open face being closed by the facing material itself, sealed by a water-repellent composition. 6. Modular block for the elevation of walls, according to claim 1, characterized in that certain network ducts (18, 20) of the vertical network are intended to receive concrete so as to form pillars of recovery forces. Modular block for the elevation of walls, according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that certain network ducts (18, 20) of the network   vertical are intended to form stormwater drainage columns10 or wastewater.   8. Modular block for the elevation of walls, according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer facing (16) at least is stone   reconstituted and the core (14) of rigid insulating material is polyurethane, the facing being fixed on the core during the expansion and polymerization of polyurethane.   Modular corner block (12) for the block angular joint according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that   it comprises a hole of large diameter for forming a column by stacking said corner blocks (12) on each other, each block20 having a removable plug (41) accessible on the inner side side to allow the easy access to the column, said block having extensions designed to cooperate with the blocks (10) of the walls or partitions. Modular angle block for the angular junction of blocks according to claim 9, characterized in that the column is intended, in particular, to receive the safety elements of the network conduits such as the   circuit breakers or shut-off valves for fluids.