FR2713254A1 - Drain for collection and transfer of rain water from flat surface - Google Patents

Abstract

The working is constituted in the shape of an elongated caisson (10) having two longitudinal walls (20), a top (22) and a bottom (21) which delimit a collector (23). The top forms with its upper face (24) a plane lateral area (25) and a gutter (26) which adjoin the flat surface (1). From place to place is a grating (28) opening into the collector. The working is constituted from prefabricated elements (30), mounted end to end on a resting bed, with complementary male and female ends. There are sealed covers at each transverse end of each element. Inside and upstream, relative to water flow, of certain gratings is a transverse bulge rising from the internal face of the bottom and interrupted at a distance from the top internal face to form a level diverter. In the lower part is a controlled evacuation sluice gate.

Description

HYDRAULIC WORK FOR THE COLLECTION AND TRANSFER OF WATER
OF A PLATFORM
The present invention relates to the field of collecting, recovering and transferring water, more particularly the surface of platforms of a general nature with little or no infiltration, which may be for road, motorway, rail, commercial, industrial or sporting purposes. or even particular and domestic.

 The field of application more specifically targeted is that of the collection and evacuation of water, more generally of runoff from a platform, while maintaining a high water flow and a high flow rate, in a minimal space requirement, while by ensuring a regulated discharge to settling tanks, responsible for introducing a phase of separation of pollutants, possibly included in the collected water.

In an attempt to resolve the above problem, the prior art knows various proposals among which the main ones should be mentioned.
lt can be considered that, very initially, the water collection was ensured by the installation of a surface structure, of the gutter or cunette type, depending on whether the platform considered is located in the embankment zone or in the cuttings.

 Such works certainly allow a collection and evacuation of runoff water but must between realized in large width with the transverse congestion which is attached to it, since the flows to evacuate become significant.

 In addition to this drawback, it is certain that such means do not make it possible to supply a settling tank with regulated feed, since the collection and runoff are carried out naturally by gravity.

 The prior art also knows a kind of collector produced by palallally or pseudo-excavation parallel to the lower part of the platform and generally constituted by the placing end to end of prefabricated elements, internally delimiting a conduit communicating with the surface by a slot. narrow.

 The problem which arises with such collectors is that of the frequent risk of obstruction of the slit which reduces or even locally cancels the collection of water and reduces the efficiency of the collector itself.

 One might think that it suffices to widen the longitudinal slot to resolve such a problem, but then the difficulty arises in making the prefabricated element so that, despite this widening, the parts of the top formed in consoles and delimiting the slot have sufficient mechanical strength to withstand the rolling stresses which may possibly be applied.

 If such a requirement is not in itself insurmountable, on the other hand the means which must be devoted to solving such a difficulty, have the effect of increasing so much the cost price of such a manufactured element that it is no longer conceivable to ensure its establishment at the edge of the platforms.

 Furthermore, such elements are also not capable of contributing to the establishment of a regulated supply to a settling tank into which the collected water must most often, if not necessarily, be discharged in order to subject it to a favorable recovery time for the progress of a settling or flocculation process, making it possible to obtain a separation of the pollutants from the liquid medium, before its discharge.

 However, it is known that to preserve the operating conditions of such a receiving basin, it is necessary to respect discharge rates which can only be established and rolled up in consideration of technical means located upstream of such a basin. .

 The object of the invention is precisely to fill the previous gaps by proposing new technical means which make it possible to respond to the problem posed which is that of effectively ensuring the functions of collection, transfer and regulation of water, more particularly of runoff from '' a little or no filtering platform, with an internal capacity to provide a regulated flow to an outlet or a settling tank.

 The object of the invention also has the distinction of being made robustly, while offering a finished appearance on the surface capable of integrating easily into any constructive environment.

 Another object of the invention is to propose technical means capable of responding positively to the requirements of regulated supply of an outlet or a basin.

 Another object of the means, according to the invention, is to allow the adaptation of devices or accessories the presence of which is necessary either in relation to the collection, runoff and drainage function, or again as a function of a delimitation requirement more particularly attached to the conditions of use of the platform.

 To achieve the above objectives, the hydraulic structure according to the invention is characterized in that it is constituted in the form of an elongated box comprising two longitudinal walls, a top and a bottom which together delimit a collector, the top forming, by its upper face, a lateral flat surface and a channel intended to adjoin the platform and having from place to place a drain opening into the collector.

 Various other characteristics emerge from the description flirts below with reference to the appended drawings which show, by way of nonlimiting examples, embodiments of the subject of the invention.

 Figure 1 is a partial perspective, partly in section, of an application of the object of the invention.

 Figure 2 is a perspective showing, on a diffbente scale, the structural arrangements of the subject of the invention.

 FIG. 3 is a section taken substantially along the plane m-m of FIG. 2.

 FIG. 4 is a cross section taken substantially, on a larger scale, along the line IV-IV of FIG. 3.

 Figure S is a partial elevation section, similar to Figure 3, but illustrating an alternative embodiment.

 Figures 6 to 8 are cross sections, similar to Figure 4 and showing, on a different scale, three variants of rialization.

 According to FIGS. 1 to 4, the hydraulic surround formed in the invention is intended to allow the collection and transfer of water, more particularly runoff, from a platform designated as a whole by the reference 1. the representation , according to Figure 1, shows a platform 1 of the road or motorway type, but it must be considered that all different applications are also to be considered.

 The platform 1, as shown only by way of example, is constructed from a soil S which can be obtained either by cut or fill. In the example chosen, the soil S of the cuttings type is disbursed as appropriate and as is known to those skilled in the art and comprises a layer of form 2 suitably compacted which is covered with a second layer of form 3 of the same composition, itself compact. The area of layer 3 is limited relative to layer 2, to correspond to an edge 4 of platform 1 along which the hydraulic structure, according to the invention, must be installed.

This border 4 is considered by definition as that bordering or constituting the low point of the platform 1, the constitution of which involves, over the layer 3, a layer of reconstituted bass 5 surmounted by a layer of grave coated 6 over which is spread a layer of asphalt 7 constituting the base of the platform 1 which is completed by a wear layer 8.

On the first layer 2 and from the edge 4, provision is made to have a slab 9 reserved for laying the hydraulic structure 10, according to the invention, which is arranged to adjoin the edge 4 against which it is held by an embankment 11 reconstituting the upper level of the soil S relative to which it can be isolated by means of a sheet or a draining film 11 leading to a dxain 13 implanted in the soil S, for example plumb with the book 10.
n must of course be considered that different locations can be selected depending on whether the equipment of platform 1 intervened from a ground
S obtained by embankment.

 The hydraulic structure 10 is formed in the form of an elongated box running along the edge 4 of the platform 1. The elongated box comprises two longitudinal walls 20 continuous, a bottom 21 called laying, intended to rest on the strike off 9 and a top 22 also continuous. The longitudinal walls 20, the underside 21 and the top 22 together define a continuous collector 23 which must be considered closed, in particular with respect to the top 22, the upper surface 24 of which is provided for flush with the wear layer 8.

 The hydraulic structure is produced in such a way that the upper face 24 of the top 22 includes a lateral flat surface 25 which is bordered by a channel 26 adjoining the wear layer 8. The channel or cune 26 is commonly produced, on any the length of the structure 10, and has from place to place drains 28, preferably combined with grids 29 and which open directly in the inner face of the top 22 to communicate with the collector 23.

 The structure 10 can be made of any suitable material, but a concrete-based structure, reinforced or not, is considered generally preferable in the intended application. The structure 10 can be produced continuously in situ or alternatively and preferably, but not exclusively, be formed from prefabricated elements 30, of the type shown in FIG. 2. In such a case, the length of each prefabricated element 30 can be between 1.50 m and 4 m and involves transverse edges 31 comprising for one, a female end 32 and, for the other, a maie end 33, such ends being capable of 'be supplemented, as is known in the art, by one or more seals.

 Thus, a hydraulic structure 10 can be constituted by placing end to end elements 30, such as 30, 30, and 34, shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. In such an embodiment, provision may be made for conIbrming each element so that it comprises a drain 28, of ferenoe located near one of the transverse edges 31, for reasons which emerge from the following.

 The hydraulic structure, as described above, is, by the structure chosen, able to perform the first function assigned to it.

 In fact, the water, more particularly runoff, which runs along the surface 8 is collected by the gutter or the cunette 26 which ensures its flow in the direction of the gully 28, given that by constructive principle, the 'hydraulic structure 10 has, by its very location, a downward slope, for example in the direction of arrow f. The collected water is thus dinged directly to the collector 23, the large section of which makes it assume a retention function capable of absorbing large flows, without obstructing the level or the absorption capacity of the channel or the cunette 26 .

As an indication, a structure such as 10 is generally produced under a length of 3 m by presenting an internal passage section for the collector 23, close to 6,000 cm2.

 The grid 29 is of course constituted by an independent element such as metal, implanted with a removable falcon in a seat or housing 35 (FIG. 3), reserved for this purpose, in the gutter 26. In this way, practical cleaning can be made, without risk of obstruction, or introduction inside the collector 23 of debris, residues, plants, papers or other various bodies.

 According to another constructive arrangement of the invention, the hydraulic structure 10 comprises, from place to place, a transvenal veil 40 rising from the inside fa from below 21 and having in its center part and from below, a regulated discharge plug 41, for example of cross section of the type shown in FIG. 4. The web 40 is interrupted at a distance from the inside face of the top 22, so as to constitute by its upper edge a level weir 42.

 The weir 42 allows the hydraulic structure to assume a second function which is that of regulated supply to an outlet or a partial retention basin. Indeed, between two sails 40, the collected water is stored and retained with the possibility of free flow, by means of the plug 41 whose passage section limits the authorized flow rate.

 The successive compartments which are thus delimited inside the structure 10 and which can be designated by the reference 43, each assume a function of retention of a large mass of collected water and authorize by the drain 41 a transfer of compartment in compartment, according to a regular flow which is thus supplied to the outlet or basin.

 In the case of large collection, and to avoid any risk of backflow, in particular by gullies 28, the weir 42 limits the level of retention at the upper edge of the veil 40 above which any twplein considered can be poured from one compartment to another .

 The presence of the transverse webs 40 makes it possible, in the event of a significant gradient, to maintain a sort of constant level inside each compartment 43 and to slow down the mass of water collected which would otherwise tend to adopt a flow which is more and more fast in flow per hour.

 Preferably, the transverse web 40 is formed, in the case of construction of the structure 10 by independent elements 30, near or even in the plane of one of the transverse edges such as 31, while always being provided downstream of the inlet 28, with respect to the direction of circulation according to the arrow f2 inside the manifold 23.

 According to another arrangement, the bung 41 is protected by a gsille 44 which is arranged upstream relative to the web 40. According to yet another arrangement, it is advantageously provided to associate with the bung 41, a valve 45 of the panel type sliding, allowing if necessary to adjust the useful passage section of your plug 41. The valve 45 can be arranged on one or the other of the faces of the web 40 but an internal arrangement is considered preferable in the event of the hydraulic work 10 in the form of elements 30. In such a case, each web 40 of each element 30 is provided with a valve 45 which is dis-e upstream of the web with respect to the direction of flow according to the arrow f2, so as to be, in tow, the cases easily accessible from the outlet 28.

 According to another arrangement of the invention, the underside 21 advantageously comprises, delimits or presents an opening 50 which is preferably located substantially at the base of the drain 28. The opening 50 is intended for the installation of a pad 51 able to close it tightly. The buffer 51 is produced so as to be accessible and extractable from the outlet 28. Thus, if necessary, provision may be made to associate the hydraulic structure 10 with a secondary collector network, such as SS, comprising drains 56 or a type 13 drain, connected by manholes 57 which are made accessible from the openings 50.

 Although this is not shown, an opening similar to the opening 50 can be provided, as said above, in one and / or the other of the longitudinal walls 20.

 According to yet another arrangement, it may be advantageous to produce the hydraulic structure 10 by making it comprise, from the external life of its bottom 21, a draining base S8 internally delimiting a conduit 59 capable of assuming the function of the drains 56 constituting the network 55.

 FIG. 6 shows that the particular conformation of the structure according to the invention makes it possible to take advantage of the lateral flat surface 25, to support, for example, a delimitation or security barrier 60 which can be formed from posts 62 rising from bases 63 detachably fixed on the beach 25. The posts 62 can be joined together by slide rails 64, of the type of those installed on the road or motorway.

 FIG. 7 shows a directional barrier according to which the barrier 60 is constituted by a low wall 65 which can either be poured on the surface 2S continuously after implantation of the structure 10, or still be formed directly, for example, by each element 30 prefabricated.

 FIG. 7 also shows that the structure may include a solid bottom 21, as shown diagrammatically at 21a, and extended laterally, beyond the longitudinal wall 20 corresponding to the area 26, by a stability sole 66. The wall 20 opposes can be taken advantage of for supports, by temporary or permanent fixings 67, either posts, or plates or panels S intended for constituting an anti-noise wall for example.

 This arrangement, possibly independent of the wall, can also be implemented in the case of production according to the example on page 6.

 FIG. 8 shows an alternative embodiment in which the internal faces of the walls 20 of the bottom 21 and of the top 22 are joined by angle reinforcing gussets 70 provided to increase the material in the angular parts * of the box in order to allow the delimitation of housing 71 opening in the transverse and reserved for the passage of energy transport or information transfer networks which are generally located along the road or motorway.

 The invention is not limited to the examples described and shown since various modifications can be made thereto without departing from its scope.

Claims (12)

 1 - Hydraulic structure for collecting and transferring water from a platform, characterized in that it is constituted in the form of an elongated box (10) comprising two longitudinal walls (20), a top (22) and a bottom (21) which together delimit a collector (23), the top forming by its upper face (24), a flat side plate (25) and a gutter (26) intended to adjoin the platform and having room in places a drain (28) opening in the collector.  2 - A structure according to claim 1, characterized in that it is carried out in situ continuously.  3 - A structure according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of prefabricated elements (30) mounted end to end on a laying bed with interlocking of mile ends (33) and female (32) complementary, provided with seal and respectively formed at one and the other transverse ends of each element.  4 - Structure according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises, internally and downstream of at least some of the drains (28) relative to the direction of flow in the collector, a transverse web (40 ) rising from the inner face of the underside, interrupted at a distance from the inner face of the top to form a level weir (42) and having, in the lower part, a regulated discharge outlet (41).  S - Bore hole according to claim 4, characterized in that the bung (41) is fitted with a protective grid (29) extending upstream of the web with respect to the direction of flow in the collector (23) for accessible from the drain.  6 - swimming according to claim 4 or S, caracriséenoequelabonde is associated with a valve (45) for controlling its passage section.  7 - A structure according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises at least in its underside (21) an opening (50) substantially located directly above the drain (28) and splits with tightness by a pad (51) removable and extractable from the drain.  8 - A structure according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the underside is doubled by a draining base (55) delimiting a conduit (59) collector.  9 - A structure according to one of claims 1 to 3 and 8, camerized in that the internal faces of the longitudinal walls, from above and from below are connected by gussets (70) of corner reinforcement in which are delimited housings longitudinal (71) opening on the transverse faces and reserved for the passage of circuits or networks of various energies.  10 - A structure according to one of claims 1 to 3, 8 or 9, characterized in that it carries a barrier (60) for security and / or separation rising from the flat surface (25).  11- A structure according to claim 10, characterized in that the safety barrier is constituted by slide elements (64) mounted on posts (62) removably fixed on the lateral flat surface.  12 - The structure as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that the safety barrier is constituted by a low wall (6S) collapsing from the lateral flat surface.  13 - Work according to one of claims 1, 9 or 10 to 12, caracteriséen that one of the longitudinal walls is extended laterally by a stability sole (66) and in that the other longitudinal wall carries externally by fixing members (1n) of the means of constituting an anti-noise wall (ss).