FR2713129A1 - Manipulateur et son utilisation comme instrument chirurgical. - Google Patents
Manipulateur et son utilisation comme instrument chirurgical. Download PDFInfo
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- FR2713129A1 FR2713129A1 FR9412753A FR9412753A FR2713129A1 FR 2713129 A1 FR2713129 A1 FR 2713129A1 FR 9412753 A FR9412753 A FR 9412753A FR 9412753 A FR9412753 A FR 9412753A FR 2713129 A1 FR2713129 A1 FR 2713129A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
- A61B17/29—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/70—Manipulators specially adapted for use in surgery
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/70—Manipulators specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/71—Manipulators operated by drive cable mechanisms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H21/00—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery
- A61B2017/00292—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery mounted on or guided by flexible, e.g. catheter-like, means
- A61B2017/003—Steerable
- A61B2017/00318—Steering mechanisms
- A61B2017/00323—Cables or rods
- A61B2017/00327—Cables or rods with actuating members moving in opposite directions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B2017/0046—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets with a releasable handle; with handle and operating part separable
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
- A61B17/29—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
- A61B2017/2901—Details of shaft
- A61B2017/2908—Multiple segments connected by articulations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
- A61B17/29—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
- A61B17/2909—Handles
- A61B2017/291—Handles the position of the handle being adjustable with respect to the shaft
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
- A61B17/29—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
- A61B2017/2926—Details of heads or jaws
- A61B2017/2927—Details of heads or jaws the angular position of the head being adjustable with respect to the shaft
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Robotics (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manipulator (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
La présente invention concerne un manipulateur qui présente un bras de manœuvre (10) relié, d'un côté, à une partie de maniement (20) et, de l'autre, à une partie d'intervention (30). Le bras de manœuvre (10) présente un corps tubulaire extérieur (1), une première rotule de commande (6) reliée à la partie de maniement (20) et montée, en rotation et à pivotement, à l'extrémité, associée à la partie de maniement (20), du corps tubulaire (1), une deuxième rotule de commande (8) reliée à la partie d'intervention et montée, en rotation et à pivotement, à l'extrémité, associée à la partie d'intervention (30), du corps tubulaire (1) et des organes de raccordement (2 à 5, 7) guidés dans le corps tubulaire (1), qui relient, par forces de contact, la première rotule de commande (6) à la deuxième rotule de commande (8). Utilisation notamment pour l'exécution de manipulations médicales ou d'examens médicaux dans des cavités de l'organisme.
Description
La présente invention se rapporte à un manipulateur, notamment pour
l'exécution de manipulations médicales, commandées de l'extérieur, dans des cavités de l'organisme, comportant une partie de maniement, un bras de manoeuvre relié à l'une de ses extrémités à la partie de maniement et une partie d'intervention rattachée à la seconde extrémité du bras de manoeuvre, un raccordement étant prévu entre la partie de maniement et la partie d'intervention, d'une façon telle que des mouvements de la partie d'intervention dans plusieurs directions puissent être commandés depuis la partie de maniement, par
l'intermédiaire du bras de manoeuvre.
Un tel manipulateur est décrit dans la demande de brevet allemand DE-A-41 36 861. Cet instrument chirurgical, adapté pour la chirurgie peu effractive, permet de réaliser, par l'intermédiaire d'un bras de manoeuvre, une commande du mouvement d'un organe d'intervention telle que, sous l'effet d'une manipulation effectuée à l'aide d'une seule main à la partie de maniement, l'organe d'intervention, rapporté à l'extrémité mobile, jouisse d'une grande mobilité. Dans cet instrument chirurgical connu, il est proposé, spécialement pour la rotation de l'organe d'intervention rapporté autour de son axe, soit un élément filiforme rigide en torsion, soit un élément tubulaire, qui sont
guidés dans le bras de manoeuvre.
Pour les autres possibilités de mouvement de l'organe d'intervention, un grand nombre de systèmes de commande, comme des systèmes de commande pneumatiques, hydrauliques, piézo-électriques, magnétostrictifs, jusqu'à des systèmes de commande à moteur électrique, sont proposés, et les combinaisons des types de mouvement de l'organe d'intervention ne seront pas dès
lors expliquées plus en détail.
Le but de l'invention est de constituer un manipulateur doté d'un système de raccordement simple et agissant avec précision, entre la partie de maniement et la partie d'intervention, par l'intermédiaire du bras de travail, d'une façon telle qu'un organe d'intervention adjoint à la partie d'intervention puisse suivre avec précision, dans différentes directions, des mouvements de la main du praticien, en prise à la partie de maniement. Le manipulateur selon l'invention doit en outre être aussi léger que possible et pouvoir être
réalisé de la façon la plus économique qui soit.
Conformément à l'invention, le but exposé ci-dessus est atteint grace au fait que le bras de travail comprend un corps tubulaire extérieur, une première rotule de commande, qui peut être raccordée à la partie de maniement et qui est montée, avec une liberté de rotation et de pivotement, à l'extrémité, associée à la partie de maniement, du corps tubulaire, une deuxième rotule de commande, qui peut être raccordée à la partie d'intervention et qui est logée, avec une liberté de rotation et de pivotement, à l'extrémité, associée à la partie d'intervention, du corps tubulaire, et présente des organes de raccordement guidés dans le corps tubulaire pour le raccordement l'une à l'autre les première et deuxième rotules de commande. En ce qui concerne les rotules de commande, il importe avant tout qu'il s'agisse, dans l'esprit de l'invention, de logements du type rotule, de sorte que l'on peut s'écarter, le cas échéant, dans certaines zones partielles, de la forme sphérique de la rotule, si ces
zones ne servent plus d'appui pour le logement.
Dans la forme de réalisation préférée, les organes de raccordement réalisent un raccordement mécanique, par forces de contact, entre les rotules de commande. Etant donné que, dans le type de réalisation préféré, une mobilité par pivotement contrôlable, aussi bien qu'une mobilité en rotation contrôlable, des rotules de commande sont rendues possibles par les mêmes moyens de transmission, par l'entremise du raccordement par forces de contact, la personne qui pratique la manipulation (opérateur) peut exécuter des mouvements très précis de l'organe d'intervention en se servant de la partie de maniement. Des systèmes de transmission de force à action indirecte ne présentent pas généralement cet avantage. En outre, de tels systèmes de transmission de force indirects sont, pour la plupart, d'un poids
important et impliquent des coûts de réalisation élevés.
De préférence, les rotules de commande, aussi bien que les organes de raccordement, présentent des perçages centraux respectifs s'étendant dans la direction longitudinale du corps tubulaire, qui définissent conjointement, à travers le bras de manoeuvre, un passage de raccordement allant de la partie de maniement à la partie d'intervention. Un endoscope flexible ou un raccordement mécanique destinée à transmettre la commande propre des instruments (de l'élément de maniement à l'organe d'intervention) peut, par exemple, être guidé à travers ce passage de raccordement. Dans la forme de réalisation préférée du manipulateur conforme à l'invention, les organes de raccordement présentent plusieurs fils métalliques de commande, qui sont articulés chacun à la surface périphérique extérieure des rotules de commande. De la sorte, il est possible, par l'intermédiaire du bras de manoeuvre, de réaliser une transmission extrêmement raide, directe et sans jeu effectif, du mouvement de la rotule de commande située à l'extrémité de la partie de maniement à la rotule de commande située à la partie d'intervention. Entre la première et la deuxième rotule de commande, sont agencés, de préférence, des tubes d'écartement, qui sont guidés dans le corps tubulaire et qui coopèrent avec le corps tubulaire pour maintenir les deux rotules de commande dans leur position, de telle façon qu'à chaque mouvement, les fils métalliques de
commande restent rigidement tendus.
Ceci est, de préférence, réalisé grâce au fait que deux tubes d'écartement extérieurs sont agencés à l'intérieur du corps tubulaire et, avec une liberté de coulissement dans la direction longitudinale de ce dernier, sur un tube d'écartement intérieur, et sont précontraints, par un ressort hélicoïdal agencé autour du tube d'écartement intérieur, pour être sollicités, l'un, en direction de la première rotule de commande et,
l'autre, en direction de la deuxième rotule de commande.
Selon une autre configuration, les tubes d'écartement présentent des moyens de guidage pour guider les fils métalliques de commande. Ces moyens de guidage sont, de préférence, constitués par des évidements, ménagés dans les tubes d'écartement, dans des positions périphériques équidistantes et suivant la direction longitudinale des tubes d'écartement, les fils métalliques de commande étant ainsi articulés en des
points équidistants à chacune des rotules de commande.
Pour la fixation d'un organe de maniement, d'une part, et d'un organe d'intervention, d'autre part, chacune des rotules de commande présente un prolongement en forme de tube, ces tubes saillant sous forme d'un prolongement de chaque rotule de commande, respectivement vers la partie
de maniement et vers la partie d'intervention.
Le manipulateur conforme à l'invention est, de préférence, utilisé pour des manipulations médicales effectuées de l'extérieur dans des cavités de l'organisme, cependant il peut également être utilisé
pour d'autres examens ou traitements techniques.
La présente invention va maintenant être décrite de façon plus détaillée, à l'aide d'exemples de réalisation non limitatifs représentés dans les figures: la figure 1 montre, dans une représentation partiellement en coupe, une première forme de réalisation du manipulateur conforme à l'invention, muni d'une pince flexible, la figure 2 montre, dans une représentation à plus grande échelle, également en coupe partielle, l'une des rotules de commande avec les fils métalliques de commande fixés à cette dernière, la figure 3 est une vue de l'une des rotules de commande pour l'illustration de la possibilité de rotation de l'instrument, la figure 4 est une vue du dispositif de commande sans le corps tubulaire qui en constitue l'enveloppe, et la figure 5 est une vue, correspondant à la figure 1, du manipulateur conforme à l'invention, avec
un endoscope flexible guidé à l'intérieur.
L'exemple de réalisation, représenté sur la figure 1, du manipulateur conforme à l'invention montre un bras de manoeuvre 10, qui transmet des mouvements, exécutés à une partie de maniement 20, à une partie d'intervention 30. A titre d'exemple, une pince flexible est représentée, sur la figure 1, en tant qu'organe d'intervention. Cette pince flexible présente un élément de maniement en forme de ciseaux 21, un organe d'intervention en forme de griffe 31 et un arbre flexible 9, qui est guidé à travers un passage de raccordement 11, 12, 13 à l'intérieur du bras de travail 10. Le bras de manoeuvre 10 présente, à chacune des extrémités d'un corps tubulaire extérieur 1, une rotule de commande, une première rotule de commande 6 étant associée à la partie de maniement 20 et une deuxième rotule de commande 8 étant associée à la partie
d'intervention 30.
La rotule de commande 6, située côté proximal, qui est associée à la partie de maniement 20, présente un prolongement de forme tubulaire 6a, auquel la partie de maniement 20 peut être fixée de façon séparable, tandis que la rotule de commande 8, située côté distal, qui est associée à la partie d'intervention 30, présente un tube 8a auquel l'organe d'intervention 31 est fixé de façon séparable. A l'intérieur du corps tubulaire extérieur 1 du bras de manoeuvre 10, sont agencés des tubes d'écartement 2, 3, 4, mobiles en direction axiale, parmi lesquels le tube d'écartement central 4 est agencé, déplaçable axialement, à l'intérieur des tubes d'écartement 2 et 3 situés à l'extérieur, et porte un ressort hélicoïdal 5, qui précontraint les deux tubes d'écartement extérieurs 2 et 3 respectivement en direction de la rotule de commande 8 et de la rotule de
commande 6.
Comme cela est représenté sur la figure 2, la rotule de commande 6, située côté proximal, et la rotule de commande 8, située côté distal, sont reliées mécaniquement l'une à l'autre par l'intermédiaire de plusieurs fils métalliques de commande 7. De cette manière, les tubes d'écartement 2, 3 et 4, mobiles par coulissement à l'intérieur du corps tubulaire extérieur 1, dans la direction longitudinale de ce dernier, exercent sur les deux rotules de commande 6 et 8 et les fils métalliques de commande 7, conjointement avec le ressort 5, des efforts de tension tels, qu'à chaque mouvement de rotation et de pivotement des rotules de commande 6 et 8, celles-ci sont maintenues dans les positions respectives que montre la figure 1. Les fils métalliques 7 agissent alors comme des tirants d'ancrage et transmettent les mouvements de pivotement, alors que les mouvements de rotation autour de l'axe du corps sont, par contre, exclusivement transmis par les forces de contact entre les tubes d'écartement 2, 3, 4 ou par
une forme appropriée des fils métalliques de commande.
La liaison entre les fils métalliques de commande 7 et les rotules de commande 6 et 8 n'est indiquée que schématiquement sur les figures, car les mécanismes de fixation les plus divers sont en principe envisageables. Selon la figure 2, les fils métalliques de commande 7 sont articulés, à intervalles réguliers, à la périphérie de la rotule de commande 6, à des points d'articulation 17. Les fils métalliques de commande 7 sont articulés de la même façon à la rotule de commande 8. On peut voir sans difficulté que, sous la condition que les fils de commande 7 soient rigidement tendus, ce qui est obtenu au moyen des tubes d'écartement 2, 3, 4 et du ressort hélicoïdal 5, chaque mouvement de rotation et de pivotement de la rotule de commande 6, située côté proximal, est transmis par forces de contact et sans jeu à la rotule de commande 8 située côté distal. Sur la figure 1, on a représenté, au moyen de deux flèches doubles, qui portent les indications POS1 et POS2, pour l'une, et POSi' et POS2', pour l'autre, le fait qu'un mouvement de pivotement de la partie de maniement 20 à l'extrémité proximale du bras de manoeuvre 10, conduit à un mouvement de pivotement correspondant de la partie d'intervention 30 à l'extrémité distale du bras de manoeuvre 10. L'angle de pivotement des rotules de commande 6, 8 n'est en principe limité que par la nature
du logement de ces dernières au corps tubulaire 1.
La figure 3 illustre les possibilités de rotation de l'instrument (flèche 25). Il apparaît ainsi clairement qu'un mouvement combiné de pivotement et de rotation de la partie de maniement, située côté proximal, conduit à un mouvement de rotation et de pivotement de même nature, c'est-à-dire dans le même sens de rotation, de la partie d'intervention 30 à l'extrémité distale du manipulateur conforme à l'invention. L'angle de rotation du manipulateur n'est
en principe limité que par le logement.
Sur les figures, les deux rotules de commande 6 et 8 ont sensiblement le même diamètre. Quand, par exemple, la rotule de commande 6, située côté proximal, a un diamètre supérieur à celui de la rotule de commande 8, située côté distal, le mouvement de pivotement est démultiplié conformément au rapport des diamètres des deux rotules de commande. De cette manière, un angle de pivotement plus important à l'organe de maniement 21 peut conduire à un plus petit mouvement de pivotement à l'organe d'intervention 31. Les rotules de commande 6 et 8 présentent des perçages centraux respectifs 11 et 12, qui sont alignés avec les passages intérieurs dans les excroissances tubulaires 6a et 8a. Les tubes d'écartement 2, 3 et 4 présentent également un passage central 13. Il est ainsi globalement défini un passage de liaison, à travers lequel un élément flexible 9 de la pince représentée sur la figure 1, est guidé. Dans la réalisation selon la figure 1, l'actionnement des mâchoires de la pince est transmis par l'élément flexible. Sur la figure 4, le raccordement par forces de contact des deux rotules de commande 6 et 8, réalisé par les fils métalliques de commande 7, et les tubes d'écartement 2, 3 et 4 qui, au moyen du ressort hélicoïdal 5, mettent sous précontrainte les rotules de commande 6, 8 et les fils de commande 7, sont représentés sans le corps tubulaire extérieur. Les points d'articulation 17 pour les fils métalliques de commande 7 sont disposés, à intervalles réguliers, en cercle tout autour, à la périphérie des rotules de commande 6 et 8. Pour le guidage des fils métalliques de commande 7 à l'intérieur du corps tubulaire, il peut être prévu des moyens de guidage non représentés, qui peuvent être réalisés, par exemple, sous la forme d'évidements ménagés à la périphérie des tubes
d'écartement, dans la direction longitudinale.
La figure 5 montre enfin le manipulateur conforme à l'invention en combinaison avec un endoscope flexible 22, ce qui constitue un autre type
d'application du manipulateur.
Prises conjointement, les figures 1, 4 et 5 montrent qu'un mouvement de pivotement produit par un utilisateur à la partie de maniement 20, située côté proximal, est transmis à la partie d'intervention distale 30. Ceci conduit à ce que l'utilisateur peut intervenir comme avec une pince ou un instrument tout à fait classique, non orientable. Sans que cela soit représenté en particulier, il sera judicieux pour la plupart des applications visées, que le corps tubulaire extérieur 1 du bras de manoeuvre 10 soit assujetti, dans le cas d'un instrument chirurgical, par exemple, au moyen d'un trocart, par lequel le bras de manoeuvre est
guidé et est immobilisé à l'intérieur.
La forme de réalisation préférée du manipulateur conforme à l'invention, décrite ci-dessus et représentée dans le dessin, a été décrite, à titre d'exemple, en combinaison avec des instruments chirurgicaux. Il est toutefois absolument évident que le manipulateur conforme à l'invention est également utilisable dans d'autres applications, par exemple pour réaliser des manipulations et des examens dans des
cavités techniques.
En outre, le manipulateur conforme à l'invention a été décrit dans son emploi avec un dispositif à pince et un endoscope. Il va de soi que le manipulateur conforme à l'invention peut également être judicieusement mis en oeuvre avec des ciseaux ou
d'autres instruments.
Dans l'ensemble, le manipulateur conforme à l'invention facilite des interventions et des examens dans des cavités, par exemple des cavités de l'organisme, en ce qu'il permet un guidage direct et rigide du mouvement de l'extrémité distale du manipulateur par le mouvement produit à l'extrémité proximale. Il est d'une construction simple et légère et
peut être réalisé à peu de frais.
Il est également possible que soit incorporé, dans la rotule de commande avant, un capteur à CCD qui, par une transmission de signaux électriques ou optiques, transmet une image à la rotule de commande arrière. Là, le signal est accueilli par un convertisseur de signal
ou/et est transféré sur un écran de contrôle externe.
On peut également substituer à une partie de maniement, un dispositif de déplacement motorisé qui, par exemple, effectue des mouvements automatisés de la
rotule de commande distale.
il
Claims (12)
1. Manipulateur, notamment pour l'exécution de manipulations médicales, dirigées de l'extérieur, dans des cavités de l'organisme, comportant une partie de maniement (20), un bras de manoeuvre (10) relié par l'une de ses extrémités avec la partie de maniement (20) et une partie d'intervention (30) adjointe à la seconde extrémité du bras de manoeuvre (10), une liaison étant prévue entre la partie de maniement (20) et la partie d'intervention (30), d'une façon telle que des mouvements de la partie d'intervention (30) dans plusieurs directions puissent être commandés, depuis la partie de maniement (20), par l'intermédiaire du bras de manoeuvre (10), caractérisé en ce que le bras de manoeuvre (10) présente: - un corps tubulaire extérieur (1), - une première rotule de commande (6), qui peut être reliée à la partie de maniement (20) et qui est logée, avec une liberté de rotation et de pivotement, à l'extrémité, associée à la partie de maniement (20), du corps tubulaire (1), - une deuxième rotule de commande (8), qui peut être reliée à la partie d'intervention (30) et qui est montée, avec une liberté de rotation et de pivotement, à l'extrémité, associée à la partie d'intervention (30), du corps tubulaire (1), et - des organes de raccordement (2 à 5, 7), guidés dans le corps tubulaire (1), pour le raccordement l'une à l'autre les première et deuxième rotules de
commande (6, 8).
2. Manipulateur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les organes de raccordement (2 à 5, 7) réalisent un raccordement mécanique par
forces de contact entre les rotules de commande (6, 8).
3. Manipulateur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les rotules de commande (6, 8) ainsi que l'ensemble des organes de raccordement (2 à 5, 7) présentent des passages centraux respectifs (11, 12, 13) s'étendant dans la direction longitudinale du corps tubulaire (1), ces passages centraux (11, 12, 13) formant, à travers le bras de manoeuvre (10), un passage de raccordement allant de la partie de maniement
(20) à la partie d'intervention (30).
4. Manipulateur selon l'une des revendications
précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les organes de raccordement (2 à 5, 7) comprennent plusieurs fils métalliques de commande (7), qui sont chacun articulés à
la périphérie extérieure des rotules de commande (6, 8).
5. Manipulateur selon l'une des revendications
précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les organes de raccordement (2 à 5, 7) présentent en outre des tubes d'écartement (2, 3, 4), qui sont agencés entre la première et la deuxième rotule de commande (6, 8) et qui sont guidés en déplacement longitudinal dans le corps tubulaire (1), ces tubes d'écartement coopérant avec le corps tubulaire (1) pour maintenir les deux rotules de
commande (6, 8) dans leur position.
6. Manipulateur selon l'une des revendications
précédentes, caractérisé en ce que deux tubes d'écartement extérieurs (2, 3) sont agencés, avec une liberté de coulissement dans la direction longitudinale du corps tubulaire (1), sur un tube d'écartement intérieur (4) et sont sollicités dynamiquement, par un ressort hélicoïdal (5) placé autour du tube d'écartement intérieur (4), en direction de la première rotule de commande (6), pour l'un, et en direction de la deuxième
rotule de commande (8), pour l'autre.
7. Manipulateur selon l'une des revendications
précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les tubes d'écartement (2, 3, 4) présentent des moyens de guidage
destinés à guider les fils métalliques de commande.
8. Manipulateur selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de guidage présentent des évidements périphériques équidistants, ménagés dans la direction longitudinale des tubes d'écartement
(2, 3, 4).
9. Manipulateur selon l'une des revendications
précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les fils métalliques de commande (7) sont articulés, en des points équidistants, à la périphérie extérieure de chacune des
rotules de commande (6, 8).
10. Manipulateur selon l'une des revendi-
cations précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chaque rotule de commande (6, 8) présente un prolongement sous forme d'un tube (6a, 8a) aligné avec le passage central ménagé dans la rotule de commande, ces tubes saillant vers la partie de maniement (20), pour l'un, et vers la partie d'intervention (30), pour l'autre, et étant prévus pour la fixation d'un élément de maniement (21) et d'un
organe d'intervention (31), respectivement.
11. Instrument chirurgical commandable, caractérisé par l'emploi du manipulateur selon l'une des
revendications 1 à 8.
12. Instrument chirurgical selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce qu'un arbre (9), flexible ou partiellement flexible, de l'instrument
chirurgical est guidé à travers le passage central.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4340707A DE4340707C2 (de) | 1993-11-30 | 1993-11-30 | Manipulator |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2713129A1 true FR2713129A1 (fr) | 1995-06-09 |
FR2713129B1 FR2713129B1 (fr) | 1996-09-06 |
Family
ID=6503757
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR9412753A Expired - Fee Related FR2713129B1 (fr) | 1993-11-30 | 1994-10-25 | Manipulateur et son utilisation comme instrument chirurgical. |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5520678A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE4340707C2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2713129B1 (fr) |
GB (1) | GB2284242B (fr) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US5520678A (en) | 1996-05-28 |
DE4340707C2 (de) | 1997-03-27 |
DE4340707A1 (de) | 1995-06-01 |
GB2284242A (en) | 1995-05-31 |
GB9423050D0 (en) | 1995-01-04 |
FR2713129B1 (fr) | 1996-09-06 |
GB2284242B (en) | 1997-06-04 |
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