FR2707695A1 - Door having motorised opening and closing movements - Google Patents

Abstract

Each leaf (1, 2) is mounted pivotably along a substantially vertical axis by means of upper (3) and lower (4) pivots, and it is actuated by an electric geared motor (15) mounted along its pivot axis within a hollow lateral mullion (7) of this leaf. Each leaf (1, 2) describes, in a substantially vertical plane, a tilting movement about a centre of rotation located in the region of its lower pivot (4), at the start of the opening movement, under the control of the geared motor (15). The part (8) of the leaf remote from its pivot axis is thus raised slightly (arrow F), in order to escape from a fixed stop (11), before the leaf describes its opening movement.

Description

"Gate with opening movements and
motorized closing devices "
The present invention relates to a gate with motorized opening and closing movements. More particularly, this invention relates to an external gate, comprising one or two leaves pivotally mounted about a substantially vertical axis by upper and lower pivots and comprising, for actuating the or each leaf, a "tubular" electric motor mounted substantially along the pivot axis of the leaf and housed in the upper part of a hollow element of the leaf, such as a lateral upright, the motor stator being linked to the upper pivot of the leaf while its rotor is coupled to an element of the leaf, such as the side upright, via a speed reducer and possibly a torque limiter.

 A motorized gate of this kind has already been described in documents FR-A-2450334 and EP-A-0015857. Its main advantage is to have an opening and closing motorization device entirely housed inside the leaf (s), along the pivot axis, and in particular, for each leaf, an electric motor and a movement transmission. integrated in a lateral upright of tubular conformation. However, the embodiment described in the aforementioned documents includes electromagnetic locking means, making it possible to release or immobilize the leaves relative to the ground and / or one relative to the other, which are located outside of the pivot axis of each leaf, and which complicate and thus increase the production, in particular because these means require, for their electrical supply, the passage of electrical targets in the uprights and other parts of the leaves.

 To eliminate these drawbacks, document EP-A0221827 proposes a motorized gate of the kind previously mentioned, in which, for each leaf, the output shaft of the integrated geared motor carries two rollers which cooperate with double inclined ramps belonging to a part integral with the lateral amount of the leaf. There is thus produced, between the geared motor and the leaf, a special connection by a sort of cam, which allows the leaf to rotate in rotation around its vertical pivot axis, when this leaf is free to pivot, and which causes a limited vertical movement of said leaf, when the latter is prevented from pivoting by the presence of an obstacle, such as a stop, on its passage. Thus, the leaf has a lifting capacity by vertical translation which allows it in particular, when the engine is started, to escape a locking stop, and at the end of the opening or closing movement, to reengage in another stop. The electromagnetic locking means and their power targets can thus be omitted, resulting in a corresponding simplification and economy.

 However, the technical solution of document EP-A-0221827 remains perfectible. The mechanism with rollers and double inclined ramps, further requiring a spring, is itself quite complex and expensive, and possibly fragile; moreover, it is relatively noisy in operation. As the leaf is lifted by a spring, the weight of the leaf is limited by the maximum force that can be exerted by this spring. The complete opening and closing cycle requires a relatively long time. There is also a risk of leaf bouncing at the end of opening or closing. In addition, if the opening or closing movement of the leaf is accidentally interrupted by an obstacle in an intermediate position, the leaf is lowered and, when the leaf is again free to pivot, a "catapult" effect is observed. which can be dangerous.

 The present invention therefore aims to improve a gate with motorized opening and closing, of the type considered, in the sense of a simplification of the mechanism and an improvement in its reliability accompanied by a reduction in noise, while obtaining a shorter opening time and a more regular movement, as well as a direct and on locking at the end of opening or closing, even for a leaf of heavy weight.

 To this end, in the gate with motorized opening and closing object of the invention, the or each leaf is capable of describing a tilting movement with motorized control around a center of rotation located at its lower pivot, the leaf then tilting while remaining substantially in the same vertical plane, so that its part remote from its pivot axis lifts slightly, in particular to escape a fixed stop located at ground level, at the start of the opening movement or closing.

 Preferably, the tilting movement of the or each leaf is controlled by the same motor as the opening and closing movements of this leaf. To this end, the "tubular" motor for opening and closing control of the or each leaf has its stator mounted rotating around its axis in the aforementioned hollow element of the leaf, such as a lateral upright, and the stator is secured in rotation with a nozzle which is itself rotatably mounted relative to the upper pivot along a substantially vertical axis eccentric relative to the axis of said motor.

 Advantageously, the end piece integral with the stator of the motor comprises, on its upper face, a stop finger which cooperates in the closed position with a first fixed stop, but preferably adjustable, carried by the upper pivot, and which cooperates in the d position. opening with a second fixed stop, but preferably adjustable, also carried by the upper pivot. These two fixed stops are for example arranged so as to allow rotation of about an eighth to a quarter turn of the end piece, integral with the stator of the motor, relative to the upper pivot.

 According to another aspect of the invention, the top of the lateral upright containing the motor for controlling the opening and closing of the or each leaf, or a ring for guiding the stator of this motor in rotation, comprises a cooperating lateral spoiler, in the open position, with a latching member carried by the upper pivot, or by a fixed support, such as a post, the spoiler escaping from the latching member when the aforementioned endpiece rotates relative to the upper pivot , at the start of the closing movement.

Overall, the gate with motorized opening and closing movements according to the invention has the following advantages
The device has a simple structure, in particular from the mechanical point of view. In particular, while eliminating the electromagnetic locking means on the leaf (s), it makes the rollers, the cams and the spring of the known device unnecessary according to the aforementioned document EP-A-0221827.

Thanks to the simplicity of its mechanism, the gate according to the invention is more reliable and of a lower price, always in comparison with that of the document EP
A-0221827.

 The eccentric mechanism of the gate according to the invention, operating by reaction effect by making the stator of the motor momentarily rotatable over a limited angle, is also very quiet to operate.

 The adjustable stops necessary to limit the rotary movement of this eccentric mechanism can be used to adjust the horizontality of the or each leaf in the closed position, as well as the amplitude of the tilting movement of this leaf at the start of the movement. opening hours.

 The control of this leaf tilting movement, taking place around a fixed center of rotation constituted by the lower pivot of the leaf, does not require oversizing of the opening and closing control motor. The weight of the leaf, even if it is significant, does not constitute an obstacle to the implementation of the invention, the power of the motor being in practice always sufficient to tilt this leaf.

 The leaf locking means in the open position can be easily integrated into the upper pivot, with the additional advantage that, when the leaf has to be closed, the unlocking takes place automatically and the leaf returns directly to its locked closing position.

In any case, the invention will be better understood, and other characteristics and advantages will be highlighted, with the aid of the description which follows, with reference to the appended diagrammatic drawing representing, by way of nonlimiting example, a embodiment of this gate with motorized opening and closing movements
Figure 1 is an overall front view of a gate with two leaves according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view along
II-II of Figure 1, on an enlarged scale, showing the detail of the central stop of the portal;
Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2, illustrating another operating position (leaf tilted);
Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view, along
IV-IV of Figure 1, showing the detail of the lateral upright of a leaf;
Figure 5 is a plan view from above, corresponding to Figure 4, the leaf being in the closed position;
Figures 6,7 and 8 are views similar to Figure 5 illustrating other positions in the operating cycle of the gate according to the invention.

 The gate shown in FIG. 1 comprises two leaves 1 and 2, which are pivotally mounted, around respective substantially vertical axes, by means of fixed upper lateral pivots 3 and lower 4, anchored for example in posts 5 and 6 in masonry. Each leaf 1 or 2 has a rectangular framework formed by a hollow lateral upright 7 and a central upright 8, connected together by horizontal elements comprising at least one upper cross member 9 and one lower cross member 10. The interior lining of the leaves 1 and 2 , not shown, can be achieved by a barrage and / or a filling, according to any known arrangement. In the example illustrated in the drawing, each leaf 1 or 2 describes a pivoting of approximately 900, between a first extreme position which is a closed position defined by a common central stop 11, located at ground level, and a second position extreme which is the fully open position. Figures 2 and 3 show more precisely the central stop 11.

 The two leaves 1 and 2 have symmetrical structures and are equipped with similar motorization devices, for controlling their pivoting movements between the closed and open positions. Thus, below, we will only describe the device associated with one of the leaves, in particular the left leaf 1, a device whose constructive details and operating mode are illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 8.

 As shown in FIG. 4, the fixed lower pivot 4 of the leaf 1 is designed to allow a slight tilting of this leaf 1. With reference also to FIG. 1, the tilting must be understood as an inclination movement of the leaf 1 in its vertical plane, around a center of rotation situated at the level of the lower pivot 4. The part of leaf 1 remote from the pivot axis, in other words the central upright 8, is then lifted according to arrow F, while the part of the same leaf 1 located under the upper pivot 3 approaches the adjacent post 5 - see the position indicated in phantom in Figure 1.

 The central upright 8 comprises, at its base, a retractable locking finger 12 turned downwards, and pushed by a spring 13. In the locked closed position (FIG. 2), the finger 12 is inserted and retained in a recess 14 of the central stop 11. The tilting movement of the leaf 1, lifting its central upright 8, is accompanied by the exit of the locking finger 12 from the recess 14 of the central stop 11 - see FIG. 3.

 This particular tilting movement is allowed, and caused, by the particular mounting of a "tubular" geared motor 15 for opening and closing control, housed in the upper part of the hollow lateral upright 7 of the leaf 1, along the axis substantially vertical A of this upright 7. The geared motor 15 comprises a stator 16, and a rotor linked to an output shaft 17, that a drive member 18 linked in rotation to the vertical wall of the upright 7. A torque limiter , not shown, can be incorporated in the drive member 18.

 The upper part of the stator 16 of the geared motor 15 is rotatably mounted in a rotating guide ring 19 secured to the top of the lateral upright 7 of the leaf 1. This upper part of the stator 16 is also secured in rotation, for example by means of screws 20 , with a tip 21 whose peripheral part surmounts the guide ring 19.

 The end piece 21 has a bore 22, formed along a vertical axis B which is eccentric with respect to the axis A of the geared motor 15, ltexcentricite (horizontal distance between the two axes A and B) being designated by E.

The bore 22 is traversed by a cylindrical part of the fixed upper pivot 3. This part of the upper pivot 3 itself comprises a vertical channel 23, so that the electrical conductors 24 supplying the gearmotor 15 can pass through the bore 22 and channel 23.

 In the end piece 21 are provided means for braking in rotation relative to the upper pivot 3, these means comprising a friction pad 25 pressed against the pivot 3 by a spring 26 housed in a horizontal bore 27, the spring 26 being compressed by adjustable way with an adjusting screw 28.

 On the upper face of the end piece 21 there projects a stop finger 29. The latter is provided to cooperate with a first fixed but preferably adjustable stop 30, carried by the upper pivot 3, and with a second fixed stop but preferably adjustable 31, also carried by the upper pivot 3. The two fixed stops 30 and 31 are arranged so as to allow rotation for example of about a quarter of a turn of the end piece 21, around the axis B, with respect to to the upper pivot 3.

 The guide ring 19, integral with the top of the lateral upright 7, comprises a lateral spoiler 32 intended to cooperate with a hooking member 33, carried by the upper pivot 3 or by the adjacent post 5.

 Figures 4 and 5 illustrate the closed position of the leaf 1. In this position, the stop finger 29 cooperates with the stop 30, which fixes the initial angular position of the end piece 21, as well as the substantially vertical plane in which is located the entire leaf 1. Thanks to a screw adjustment of the stopper 30, these positions are adjustable. The axis A of the gear motor 15 is then located behind the axis B of the bore 22 (the gate being viewed from the front according to FIG. 1). The leaf 1 thus remains horizontal and locked in the central stop 11 of the portal as shown in FIG. 2.

 We now consider an operation of opening the leaf 1, during which the geared motor 15 is supplied in a corresponding manner by the conductors 24.

 At the start, the leaf 1 is still prevented from pivoting by the engagement of its locking finger 12 in the recess 14 of the central stop 11. The rotor of the gear motor 15 is therefore also prevented from turning, and by effect of reaction it is the stator 16 of the geared motor 15 which initiates a rotational movement around the axis A, in the direction indicated by the arrow G in FIG. 5.

This rotational movement is carried out for example over a quarter of a turn, the stator 16 causing the end piece 21 to rotate with it, which rotates around the axis
B relative to the pivot 3 until the stop finger 29 is stopped by the stop 31 - see FIG. 6. Due to the eccentricity E, the axis A which previously was behind the axis B then comes stand between the axis B and the post 5. The displacement of the axis A, thus obtained, is accompanied by the tilting of the whole of the leaf 1 according to the arrow F (FIG. 1). The locking finger 12 then escaped from the central stop 11.

 The stator 16 of the geared motor 15 then being stopped in rotation, and the leaf 1 no longer being retained by the central stop 11, the rotor of the geared motor 15 can drive the leaf 1 normally in rotation around the axis A by through the output shaft 17 and one drive member 18. The leaf 1 then describes its opening movement, in the direction of arrow H (Figure 6). At the end of opening, that is to say here after a rotation of about 900 of the leaf 1, the latter encounters a stopper 34 carried by the post 5 - see FIG. comes to lock, thus preventing any backward movement of the leaf 1 having reached its open position.

 For closing the gate, the geared motor 15 is again supplied, in an appropriate manner, by the conductors 24. Starting from the locked position of FIG. 7, the starting of the geared motor 15 first causes a rotation of its stator 16, therefore of the end piece 21, around the axis B, this in the direction of the arrow J.

 I1 follows that the end piece 21 rotates in the same direction around the axis B, for example on a quarter turn, which 1 'brings in the position shown in Figure 8 the axis A is then returned back of axis B (the gate being seen from the front).

 During this initial movement, the spoiler 32 is also moved rearward, and it thus escapes the attachment member 33, so that the leaf 1 is unlocked, while still occupying its open position.

 Then, the operation of the gear motor 15 causes the leaf 1 to rotate about the axis A, in the direction indicated by the arrow K, until it meets the central stop 11. It will be noted that this movement of leaf 1 is rotated while leaf 1 is not tilted, unlike the opening movement.

Thus, when the leaf 1 reaches the central stop 11, the locking finger 12 meets an inclined ramp 35 of the stop 11 and retracts, before falling back into the recess 14 of the stop 11. The leaf 1 returns in this way directly in the locked closed position (in phantom in Figure 8).

 The choice of the value of the eccentricity E is made as a function of the desired height of lifting of the leaf 1, on the side of its central upright 8, and as a function of the initial angle of rotation of the stator 16 of the gear motor 15 , therefore of the end piece 21. The adjustable stop 29 makes it possible to adjust the horizontality of the upper cross member 9 of the leaf 1, in the closed position. The adjustable braking means 25 to 28 prevent free rotation of the leaf 1 under the effect of the wind. Operation requires only a small tilting angle of the leaf 1 at the start of opening, and the lower pivot 4, located in the axis A of the lateral upright 7 and of the geared motor 15, easily allows such tilting thanks to a low radial clearance R (see bottom of Figure 4). The tilting of leaf 1 is all the easier since the lower pivot 4 constitutes a fixed point, so that only half the weight of leaf 1 must be lifted.

 It goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the only embodiment of this portal with motorized opening and closing movements which has been described above, by way of example; on the contrary, it embraces all of the variant embodiments and applications respecting the same principle. Thus, one would not depart from the scope of the invention by modifying the detail of the stops, or the structure of the braking means in rotation, or the configuration of the locking means in the open position, or by commanding differently the tilting movement of or each leaf, or by fixing the pivots applied to the posts so as to allow a rotation of 1800 of the leaves. It is also possible to apply the invention to a portal having a single leaf.

Claims (9)

CLAIM8  1. Gate with motorized opening and closing movements, comprising one or two leaves (1,2) pivotally mounted about a substantially vertical axis (A) by upper (3) and lower (4) pivots and comprising, to actuate the or each leaf (1,2), a tubular electric motor (5) mounted substantially along the pivot axis (A) of the leaf and housed in the upper part of a hollow element (7) of the leaf, such as a lateral upright, the stator (16) of the motor (15) being linked to the upper pivot (3) of the leaf (1,2) while its rotor is coupled to an element (7) of the leaf, such as the upright lateral, by means of a speed reducer and possibly a torque limiter, characterized in that the or each leaf (1,2) is able to describe a tilting movement with motorized control around a center of rotation located at its lower pivot (4), this leaf (1,2) then tilting while remaining substantially in the same vertical plane so that its part (8) distant from its pivot axis (A) lifts slightly (arrow F), in particular so as to escape a fixed stop (11) located at ground level, at the start of opening or closing movement.  2. Gate with motorized opening and closing movements according to claim 1, characterized in that the tilting movement (F) of the or each leaf (1,2) is controlled by the same motor (15) as the movements opening and closing of this leaf (1,2).  3. Gate with motorized opening and closing movements according to claim 2, characterized in that the "tubular" electric motor (15) for opening and closing control of the or each leaf (1,2) has its stator (16) mounted rotating about its axis (A) in the aforementioned hollow element (7) of the leaf, such as lateral upright, and in that the stator (16) is made to rotate with a nozzle (21) which is itself rotatably mounted relative to the upper pivot (3) along a substantially vertical axis (B) eccentric relative to the axis (A) of said motor (15).  4. Gate with motorized opening and closing movements according to claim 3, characterized in that the end piece (21) integral with the stator (16) of the motor (15) has a bore (22), arranged along the axis eccentric vertical (B), bore (22) being traversed by a cylindrical part of the upper pivot (3).  5. Gate with motorized opening and closing movements according to claim 4, characterized in that the end piece (21) integral with the stator (16) of the motor (15) comprises means for braking in rotation (25 to 28) relative to the upper pivot (3).  6. Gate with motorized opening and closing movements according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the end piece (21) integral with the stator (16) of the motor (15) has, on its upper face , a stop finger (29) which cooperates in the closed position with a first stop (30) fixed, but preferably adjustable, carried by the upper pivot (3), and which cooperates in the open position with a second stop ( 31) fixed, but preferably adjustable, also carried by the upper pivot (3).  7. Gate motorized opening and closing movements according to claim 6, characterized in that the two fixed stops (30,31) are arranged so as to allow a rotation of about one eighth to a quarter turn of the 'end piece (21), integral with the stator (16) of the motor (15), relative to the upper pivot (3).  8. Gate with motorized opening and closing movements according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the stator (16) of the motor (15) for opening and closing control of the or each leaf. (1,2) has its upper part rotatably mounted in a rotating guide ring (19) integral with the top of the lateral upright (7) of this leaf (1,2).  9. Gate with motorized opening and closing movements according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the top of the lateral upright (7) containing the motor (15) for opening and closing control of the or of each leaf (1,2), or the guide ring (19) of the stator (16) of this motor (15), comprises a lateral spoiler (32) cooperating, in the open position, with a member of hooking (33) carried by the upper pivot (3) or by a fixed support, such as a post (5), the spoiler (32) escaping from the hooking member (33) during the rotation of the aforementioned endpiece (21) relative to the upper pivot (3), at the start of the closing movement.