FR2691198A1 - Construction technique allowing choice in size and distribution of rooms - involves constructing base area and shell, within which room partitions may be fitted in variety of chosen positions - Google Patents

Abstract

The construction technique involves creating the base area (1) with a predetermined size to receive the rooms of the household. Certain areas (A,B) are defined on the base area, which are contiguous with a dividing wall (3) between two different households. Rooms are then disposed in any required configuration within the households. Electrical supplies and lighting circuits, along with heating systems are installed separately for the two households. It is possible, in a given configuration, to provide one household with an additional room at the expense of making the other household smaller. ADVANTAGE - Buildings may be constructed flexibly, according to requirement of inhabitants.

Description

CONSTRUCTION METHOD FOR MODIFYING THE SIZE, THE
DISTRIBUTION AND FITTING OF HOUSING AND CONSTRUCTION IN
APPLYING
The present invention relates to the technical field of construction of buildings, buildings or houses comprising at least two adjoining dwellings, for work or, preferably, residential use.

The construction of housing and, in particular,
Social housing is designed to best meet the expectations and demand of the residents. The distribution of the number of available dwellings by type of accommodation must take into account the number of people making up the families residing in a specific geographical area in which the dwellings are built.

 For a few years, the lifestyles of the inhabitants evolve more and more quickly and this, in a random way. Indeed, the breakdown of the family unit frequently occurs so that the rapid change in family size does not allow a suitable adequacy to be obtained between the type of housing available and the type of housing desired by the inhabitants.

This mismatch between the supply and demand for housing is increased by the increasing mobility of residents due to the precariousness of jobs.

 In summary, it appears more and more difficult to satisfy the needs of the inhabitants from existing Housing or under construction.

 The highlighting of this observation made it possible to formulate the need to modify, over time, the size of the Accommodation, in order to adapt to fluctuations in demand and user requirements, in the short, medium and long terms.

 The object of the invention is to satisfy this need by proposing a construction process making it possible to modify over time the size, type or arrangement of the dwellings, at a lower cost and as quickly as possible, without however causing a excessive discomfort for other tenants.

To achieve this objective, the construction process is adapted to allow the modification of the dimensions on the ground of two dwellings being established contiguously on a plate, each dwelling being equipped with at least one installation comprising distribution devices of a given flux, such as a heat transfer fluid or electrical energy. According to the invention, the method consists:
- to produce a residential platform with a
living area of predetermined dimensions for
receive accommodation,
- define and build an area for each home
with a definitive character and a
residential area whose surface is suitable for
modified, the modular living areas being
adjoining through a dividing wall
separator designed to be moved,
- and to install, for distribution devices
placed in modular areas, means for
connect these devices to the installation
corresponding to either one or the other of the
Housing, depending on the ownership of the devices
to a housing, defined by the position of the partition
semi-detached.

 According to an advantageous characteristic, the method consists in producing a housing platform of general shape, substantially square and having an area of the order of 126 m2.

Such a characteristic makes it possible to produce a plate capable of receiving two T3 type housing, but also a T2 type housing and a T4 type housing or even a T1B housing paired with a T5 housing.

 Various other characteristics will emerge from the description given below with reference to the appended drawings which show, by way of nonlimiting examples, embodiments of the subject of the invention.

 Figs. 1 and 2 are plan views of a plate making it possible to explain the construction method according to the invention.

 Fig. 3 is a plan view of a plate showing a characteristic of the method according to the invention.

 FIG. 4 is a detailed view of means for connecting devices included in a heating system using heat transfer fluid.

 Fig 5 is a plan view of a tray equipped with connection means for an electrical installation.

The construction method according to the invention is designed to make it possible to modify at will the dimensions on the ground of housings established on a plate 1, as illustrated in the
Fig 1. In the example illustrated, the plate 1 is intended to allow the production of two housings A, B configured and arranged each to be of the T3 type, and separated by a dividing partition 3.

 According to an advantageous characteristic of the housing construction method, provision is made to produce at least one residential platform 1, having a living area of predetermined dimensions to receive the housing. Preferably, the surface of the plate is of the order of 126 m2 and of substantially square shape. Of course, the plate 1 is built according to the usual construction standards. The plate 1 can allow the realization of a construction comprising one or more superimposed stages. In the case of the construction of a multi-storey building, each plate 1 is associated, along its opposite lateral sides li, 12, with a stairwell 4 equipped with various technical ducts 5.

According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, the construction method aims to define, for each dwelling A and B, a residential area, respectively A1, B1, having a fixed or definitive character. This final residential area A1, B1, the surface of which is hatched in FIG. 1, is essentially composed, preferably, of parts fitted with a water distribution installation. These rooms, served by an entrance corridor A2, B2 include, for example, a bathroom
A3, B3, cellar A4, B4, toilets A5, B5, kitchen A6,
B6 and a room A7, B7. The rooms in this area A1, B1 are fitted out and built definitively, according to the rules.

construction classics. Each fixed living area A1, B1 opens respectively onto an access entrance 6, arranged on the opposite sides 11 and 12 of the plate to open out into the stairwell 4.

 According to another characteristic of the invention, the construction process aims to define a residential area A8, B8 respectively for Housing A and B whose surface is able to be modified according to user demand. The modular living areas A8, B8 of the two housings A and B are contiguous by means of the dividing dividing wall 3 designed to be partially or entirely moved.

As shown more precisely in FIG. 1, the partition 3 makes it possible to obtain, on one side, a housing A, of the type
T3, comprising the fixed living area A1 and the modular living area A8 composed of a large living room A10, and
The other side of the partition 3, a housing B of type T3 comprising the fixed zone B1 and the modular zone B8 composed of a chamber
B10 and a stay B11.

As shown more precisely in Fig 2, The separating partition 3 can be moved so as to transform the two housings A and B, of type T3, into a housing A 'of type T2 and a housing B' of type T4. A part of the modular zone A8 of the housing A therefore now forms part of the modular zone of the housing B '. The separating partition 3 therefore defines on one side, the housing A 'composed of the fixed residential area A1 and a modular area A'8 reduced to the living room A'10 and, On the other side, the housing B '' comprising the fixed living area B1 and a modular living area B'8, composed of the living room B11 and the bedrooms
B10 and B'12.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the method aims to install, for at least certain devices for the distribution or circulation of a given flow, placed in the modular zones A8, B8, means for connecting said devices to the installation. corresponding either to one or to
The other of the dwellings, according to the belonging of the devices to a dwelling, defined by the position of the dividing partition 3.

As shown more precisely in Fig 3, each housing A and B is equipped, in particular, with an installation comprising apparatuses A13, B13 for circulation of a given flow, such as a heat transfer fluid delivered by a source A14 , B14. The circulation devices A13, B13 of each dwelling are constituted, in the example illustrated, by radiators, while the source A14, B14 is constituted by a boiler.

The radiators A13, B13, placed in the fixed zone A1, B1 are connected in series to the boiler A14, B14 via a supply line Aa, Ba and a return line Ar, Br (Fig. 4) . Radiators A13, B13 placed in the modular area
A8, B8 are associated with means making it possible to selectively connect them to one or the other of the accommodation's heating installations. The connection means consist of a modular circulation network A16a-A16r, B16a-B16r equipping each radiator A13 in the modular zone.

Each modular distribution network is formed by a supply line A16a-A16r and a return line Bî6aBî6r The lines A16a A16r and B16a-B16r are connected respectively to the boiler A14, B14, as illustrated in Fig 4 The modular distribution network of each radiator is mounted independently from the final distribution network Aa-Ar and Ba-Br.

The modular circulation network (s) are equipped with elements ensuring the connection or interruption of said devices connected to modular networks, with the boiler A14, B14. The connecting or interrupting elements consist of a bypass circuit 9 and of controlled shutters C making it possible to provide the connection, for two radiators A131 B13 belonging to two housings and preferably placed on either side of the partition 3. In the example illustrated in FIG. 3, the modular living areas A1, B1 have four radiators
A13, B13 equipped with connection means according to the invention. Preferably, the radiators are fixed permanently to the removable walls, namely the sides of facades 13 and 14 of the plate. The following description describes only the connection means for a pair of radiators A13, B13. Of course, the other pair of radiators is provided with the same connection means.

The bypass circuit 9, making it possible to assign the radiators to one or the other of the installation of a housing, consists of a first branch of bypass 10, provided with a controlled shutter C1, such a valve, and mounted between the return pipe A16r of the radiator A13 and the inlet pipe B16a to the radiator B13, of a second branch 13 which is provided with a valve C2 and mounted between the inlet pipe
A16a of the radiator A13 and the inlet pipe B16a of the radiator B13, and a third branch branch 16 which is equipped with a valve C3 and placed between the return pipes
A16r and B16r of radiators A13 and B13. A valve C4 is mounted on the return line A16r of radiator A13, between branches 10 and 16, while a valve C5 is placed on the supply line B16a of radiator B13 between the branch branches 10 and 13. Each outlet pipe A16a-B16a is provided, at the level of the boiler A14, B14, with a valve C6, C7.

 The connection of radiators A13, B13 to one or the other of the heating installations follows directly from the preceding description.

 In the case where the radiator A13 is part of the heating installation of the accommodation A and where the radiator B13 is included in the heating installation of the accommodation B, the valves C1, C2 and C3 are closed, while the valves C4 and C5 are open, so as to allow the connection of the radiators A13 and B13, respectively by their inlet and return pipes, to the boiler A14, B14.

 In the case of a modification of the size of the housings, as illustrated in Fig 2, the radiator A13, placed in room B'12, must be included in the installation of housing B '. To this end, the valves C1, C2 and C7 must be open, while the valves C3, C4, C5 and C6 are closed, so as to put the two radiators A13, B13 of parts B'12, B10 and ensure the supply of these two radiators via lines B16a-B16r.

 As shown more precisely in FIG. 5, the method according to the invention also makes it possible to use selective connection means for devices forming part of an installation for the distribution of electrical energy.

These devices, not shown, constitute, for example, light points or electrical sockets. According to this variant, the connection means are constituted by the intermediary of an electrical network 30 joining the sources of energy production of the dwellings, such as the meters A30, B30 allowing the distribution of energy for electrical outlets to from junction boxes 31 placed in the modular zones A8, B8 of the housings. The junction boxes 31 can be used to allow the departure of electrical connections apparently attached to the internal walls of the housing.

According to an advantageous characteristic, provision may be made to implement a distribution network 32 for lighting, independent of the supply network 30 of the electrical outlets. The distribution network 32 is common to the two modular zones of the housings A and B and comprises at least one part placed in the fixed zone A1, B1 of the two housings. This distribution network 32 is also composed of a sheath provided with connection boxes 33, some of which are placed at least in the modular zones A8, B8. These boxes allow the departure of Liai electric sounds placed in a visible way on the partitions of
Housing.

 The method according to the invention thus makes it possible to easily modify the size, the distribution and the interior layout of the dwellings as a function of the evolution of user demand.

 The invention is not limited to the examples described and shown, since various modifications can be made thereto without departing from its scope.

Claims (9)

 1 - Construction method adapted to allow the modification of the dimensions on the ground of at least two housings (A, B) being established contiguously on a plate (1), each housing (A, B) being equipped with minus an installation comprising devices for circulating a given flow, such as a heat transfer fluid or electrical energy, characterized in that it consists of:  - to produce a residential plate (1) having a  living area of predetermined dimensions for  receive accommodation,  - to define and build for each dwelling a  residential area (A1, B1) with character  permanent and a residential area (A8, B8) whose  surface can be modified, the areas  modular accommodation (A8, B8) being contiguous by  through a dividing wall of  partition (3) designed to be moved,  - and to install, for distribution devices  placed in modular areas, means (A16-B16,  9, C, 30, 32) for connecting said devices to  the corresponding installation, either to one or to  The other housing, depending on membership  appliances to a Housing, defined by position  of the dividing partition (3).  2 - Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists in producing a housing plate (1) of generally substantially square shape and having a surface of the order of 126 m2.  3 - Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it consists in carrying out definitively  - on two opposite sides (11, 12) of the plate, one  entrance (6) giving access to the living area  definitive (A1, B1) composed essentially of  rooms with distribution system  of water,  - and on the two other opposite sides of the plate (13,  14), the facades of the dwellings.  4 - Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists in producing, for each installation for circulating a flow, the connection means by means of at least one modular distribution network (A16a-A16r, B16a-B16r) connected to a source (A14, B14) for producing a corresponding flow, equipped with elements (9, C) ensuring the connection or Interruption of the flow between the source and the circulation devices (A13, B13), and mounted independently with respect to a definitive network (Aa, Ar-Ba, Br) supplying the devices (A14, B14) of the fixed residential area.  5 - Method according to claim 4, characterized in that it consists in producing, for an installation for distributing a heat transfer fluid, the modular distribution network by means of a double pipe (A16a, Aî6rBî6aî B16r) supplying each device (A13, B13) and the connecting or interrupting elements, by a bypass circuit (9) provided with controlled shutters (C) making it possible to ensure a series connection of the devices connected to one or L 'other of the double pipe or, a selective connection of a device to the double pipe attached to it.  6 - Method according to claims 4 and 5, characterized in that it consists in mounting, definitively, the circulation devices (A13, B13) on the facade sides (13, 14).  7 - Method according to claim 4, characterized in that it consists in producing, for an installation for distributing electrical energy, the connection means via an electrical network (30) joining the sources (A30 , B30) for the production of energy in the Housing allowing the distribution of energy by electrical outlets from junction boxes (31) placed in the modular zones of the housing.  8 - Method according to claim 4, characterized in that it consists in making the connection means using a distribution network (32) for lighting, independent of the supply network (30) of the sockets electric.  9 - Construction for implementing the method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises at least one plate (1) for the construction of at least two housings, the plate comprising, for each accommodation:  - a permanent residential area (A1, B1)  and a residential area (A8, B8) whose surface  is suitable for modification, the living areas  modular accommodation being contiguous by  through a removable dividing wall (3),  - and means (A16-816, 9, C, 30, 32) for connecting  the distribution devices placed in the zones  modular, either to one or to the other  Accommodation according to the membership of  appliances to a housing, defined by the position of  the party wall (3).