FR2683255A1 - Device for assistance with opening and closing a hatch, particularly an access hatch (manhole) to civil engineering constructions (works) - Google Patents
Device for assistance with opening and closing a hatch, particularly an access hatch (manhole) to civil engineering constructions (works) Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2683255A1 FR2683255A1 FR9113655A FR9113655A FR2683255A1 FR 2683255 A1 FR2683255 A1 FR 2683255A1 FR 9113655 A FR9113655 A FR 9113655A FR 9113655 A FR9113655 A FR 9113655A FR 2683255 A1 FR2683255 A1 FR 2683255A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- opening
- hatch
- frame
- pivot axis
- orifice
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
- E06B5/01—Trap-doors
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
- E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
- E02D29/1418—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers with implements to assist in lifting, e.g. counterweights, springs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D7/00—Hinges or pivots of special construction
- E05D7/10—Hinges or pivots of special construction to allow easy separation or connection of the parts at the hinge axis
- E05D7/1061—Hinges or pivots of special construction to allow easy separation or connection of the parts at the hinge axis in a radial direction
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F1/00—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
- E05F1/08—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings
- E05F1/10—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance
- E05F1/12—Mechanisms in the shape of hinges or pivots, operated by springs
- E05F1/1207—Mechanisms in the shape of hinges or pivots, operated by springs with a coil spring parallel with the pivot axis
- E05F1/1215—Mechanisms in the shape of hinges or pivots, operated by springs with a coil spring parallel with the pivot axis with a canted-coil torsion spring
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO HINGES OR OTHER SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS AND DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION, CHECKS FOR WINGS AND WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/60—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for other use
- E05Y2900/612—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for other use for manhole covers
Abstract
Description
La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif facilitant l'ouverture et la fermeture d'une trappe d'accès aux ouvrages du génie civil. The present invention relates to a device facilitating the opening and closing of an access hatch to civil engineering works.
Ces trappes, qui doivent pouvoir supporter une charge importante, 125 daN selon la norme, sont des structures mécano-soudées lourdes et donc d'une manoeuvrabilité malaisée. These hatches, which must be able to support a large load, 125 daN according to the standard, are heavy mechanically welded structures and therefore difficult to maneuver.
Il est en effet nécessaire d'effectuer un effort de traction à 1ouverture pour décoller la trappe du sol, et un effort de retenue à la fermeture, surtout quand l'angle formé par ladite trappe avec le sol est faible et que son moment est proche de sa valeur maximale. It is indeed necessary to make a tensile force at the opening to take off the hatch from the ground, and a restraining force at closing, especially when the angle formed by said hatch with the ground is small and its moment is close. of its maximum value.
La présente invention vise à remédier à cet inconvénient en proposant un dispositif mécanique d'assistance à l'ouverture et à la fermeture d'une telle trappe. The present invention seeks to remedy this drawback by proposing a mechanical device for assisting with the opening and closing of such a hatch.
Le dispositif objet de la présente invention permet de conserver le dormant d'un ouvrage existant sous réserve de lui faire subir quelques faibles modifications, à savoir la suppression de l'axe de pivotement constitué d'un fer rond s'étendant d'une paroi à l'autre dudit dormant et soudé par ses extrémités, ledit axe de pivotement solidaire du dormant étant remplacé par un axe de pivotement solidaire de l'ouvrant, maintenu par des supports d'axe soudés sur chant, constitués chacun d'un fer plat plié à 180 . The device which is the subject of the present invention makes it possible to keep the frame of an existing structure subject to subjecting it to some slight modifications, namely the removal of the pivot axis consisting of a round iron extending from a wall to the other of said frame and welded by its ends, said pivot axis integral with the frame being replaced by a pivot axis integral with the opening, held by axis supports welded on edge, each consisting of a flat iron folded at 180.
L'ouvrant sur lequel s'applique le dispositif selon l'invention est, de manière conventionnelle, une structure mecano-soudee comportant une plaque carrée renforcée à sa face inférieure par des nervures. The opening to which the device according to the invention is applied is, conventionally, a mechanical-welded structure comprising a square plate reinforced at its lower face by ribs.
Conformément à l'invention, la face inférieure de la plaque comporte, soudées perpendiculairement, deux pattes disposées parallèlement l'une par rapport à l'autre, chacune à proximité d'un de deux bords opposés, lesdites pattes étant percées chacune d'un orifice permettant le passage d'un axe de pivotement dont les extrémités, lors de l'assemblage de l'ouvrant sur le dormant, sont introduites dans les supports d'axe dudit dormant, des goupilles traversant lesdits supports en vue d'interdire l'échappement dudit axe. According to the invention, the underside of the plate comprises, welded perpendicularly, two tabs arranged parallel to each other, each near one of two opposite edges, said tabs each being pierced with a orifice allowing the passage of a pivot axis, the ends of which, during assembly of the leaf on the frame, are introduced into the axis supports of said frame, pins passing through said supports in order to prohibit the exhaust of said axis.
Toujours conformément à l'invention, deux ressorts de torsion sont enfilés sur l'axe de pivotement, le brin inférieur de chaque ressort venant en appui sur le bâti du dormant et l'autre brin étant introduit dans un orifice pratiqué dans une nervure de l'ouvrant parallèle à l'axe de pivotement, lesdits ressorts présentant des angles d'ouverture différents tandis que les orifices pratiqués dans la nervure transversale ne sont pas situés dans un mme plan horizontal mais dans des plans situés de part et d'autre du plan horizontal qui passe par l'axe de pivotement, le brin du ressort d'angle plus fermé étant introduit dans un orifice pratiqué dans la nervure transversale sous ledit plan horizontal passant par l'axe de pivotement. Still in accordance with the invention, two torsion springs are threaded on the pivot axis, the lower strand of each spring coming to bear on the frame of the frame and the other strand being introduced into an orifice made in a rib of the opening parallel to the pivot axis, said springs having different opening angles while the orifices made in the transverse rib are not located in the same horizontal plane but in planes located on either side of the plane horizontal which passes through the pivot axis, the strand of the more closed angle spring being introduced into an orifice made in the transverse rib under said horizontal plane passing through the pivot axis.
Ainsi lorsque l'on déverrouille la trappe, sous l'effet des deux ressorts, celle-ci se soulève d'elle-mme d'un certain angle correspondant à une valeur proche de la position de repos du ressort d'angle moins ouvert, qui n'a ensuite plus aucune action sur l'ouverture de la trappe, tandis qu'à ce stade de l'opération l'autre ressort nta pas une puissance suffisante pour vaincre le moment de la trappe. Thus when the hatch is unlocked, under the effect of the two springs, it lifts itself by a certain angle corresponding to a value close to the rest position of the less open angle spring, which then no longer has any action on the opening of the hatch, while at this stage of the operation the other spring does not have sufficient power to overcome the moment of the hatch.
L'utilisateur peut alors se saisir aisément de la trappe et l'amener manuellement dans une position au-delà de la verticale, aidé en cela par l'action du ressort d'angle le plus ouvert, jusqu'à une deuxième position d'équilibre pour laquelle ledit ressort est proche de sa position de repos et son action suffisante pour vaincre le moment, faible dans cette position, de la trappe, évitant ainsi que ladite trappe ne tombe d'un côté ou de l'autre. The user can then easily take hold of the hatch and bring it manually into a position beyond the vertical, helped in this by the action of the most open angle spring, to a second position of balance for which said spring is close to its rest position and its action sufficient to overcome the moment, weak in this position, of the hatch, thus preventing said hatch from falling on one side or the other.
La manoeuvre de fermeture est réalisée en abaissant manuellement l'ouvrant jusqu'à la position d'équilibre des deux ressorts, le ressort le plus ouvert exerçant un effet de retenue qui la facilite, puis en exerçant une légère pression pour amener l'ouvrant au contact du dormant. The closing operation is carried out by manually lowering the leaf to the equilibrium position of the two springs, the most open spring exerting a retaining effect which facilitates it, then by exerting a slight pressure to bring the leaf to the frame contact.
Les ressorts du dispositif selon l'invention permettent ainsi de faciliter les opérations d'ouverture et de fermeture des trappes en exerçant une assistance optimale. The springs of the device according to the invention thus make it possible to facilitate the opening and closing operations of the hatches by exerting optimum assistance.
Les avantages et les caractéristiques de la présente invention ressortiront plus clairement de la description qui suit et qui se rapporte au dessin annexé, lequel en représente un mode de réalisation non limitatif. The advantages and characteristics of the present invention will emerge more clearly from the description which follows and which refers to the appended drawing, which represents a non-limiting embodiment thereof.
Dans le dessin annexé :
-la figure 1 représente une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un ouvrant incorporant un dispositif selon l'invention, coupe effectuée selon un plan vertical perpendiculaire à l'axe de pivotement.In the attached drawing:
FIG. 1 represents a view in longitudinal section of an opening incorporating a device according to the invention, section made along a vertical plane perpendicular to the pivot axis.
-la figure 2 représente une vue en coupe du dormant selon le mme plan vertical. FIG. 2 represents a sectional view of the frame according to the same vertical plane.
-la figure 3 représente une vue en perspective partielle et en éclaté du dispositif selon l'invention. FIG. 3 represents a partial perspective and exploded view of the device according to the invention.
Si on se réfère à la figure 1 on peut voir que l'ouvrant 1 comporte une plaque 10 sous laquelle sont fixées perpendiculairement des pattes 11, dont une seule est visible sur la figure, percées d'un orifice 12 pour le passage de l'axe de pivotement. Referring to Figure 1 we can see that the opening 1 has a plate 10 under which are fixed perpendicularly tabs 11, only one of which is visible in the figure, pierced with an orifice 12 for the passage of the pivot axis.
L'ouvrant 1 comporte, entre autres, une nervure transversale 13 parallèle à l'axe de pivotement et proche de celui-ci. The opening 1 comprises, inter alia, a transverse rib 13 parallel to the pivot axis and close to the latter.
Si on se réfère à la figure 2 on peut voir que le dormant 2 comporte, de manière conventionnelle un châssis 20 constitué de cornières définissant un cadre dans lequel peut s'insérer l'ouvrant 1. Referring to FIG. 2, it can be seen that the frame 2 comprises, in a conventional manner a frame 20 made up of angles defining a frame in which the opening 1 can be inserted.
Un côté de ce châssis 20, du côté de l'axe de pivotement, est constitué d'une traverse 21 en U à chaque extrémité de laquelle est soudé un flasque 22, dont un seul est visible sur la figure. One side of this frame 20, on the side of the pivot axis, consists of a U-shaped cross member 21 at each end of which a flange 22 is welded, only one of which is visible in the figure.
Sur chacun des flasques 22 est soudé, du côté intérieur, un support d'axe 23 constitué d'un fer plat plié à 180a s soudé sur chant destiné à accueillir l'axe de pivotement. On each of the flanges 22 is welded, on the inner side, an axis support 23 consisting of a flat iron folded at 180a s welded on edge intended to accommodate the pivot axis.
Si on se réfère maintenant à la figure 3 on retrouve sur cette figure la plaque 10, la nervure transversale 13 et les pattes 11 de l'ouvrant 1 ainsi que la traverse 21, un flasque 21 et les supports d'axe 23 du dormant 2. If we now refer to Figure 3 we find in this figure the plate 10, the transverse rib 13 and the tabs 11 of the opening 1 as well as the cross member 21, a flange 21 and the axle supports 23 of the frame 2 .
Un axe 3, sur lequel sont enfilés, à proximité de ses extrémités, deux ressorts de torsion 4 et 5, est introduit dans les orifices 12 des pattes 11 de l'ouvrant 1, les extrémités de cet axe 3 étant placées dans les supports d'axe 23 qui comportent des orifices 25 et 26 dans lesquels sont insérées des goupilles, non représentées, destinées à bloquer l'axe 3 dans les supports 23. A pin 3, on which are threaded, near its ends, two torsion springs 4 and 5, is introduced into the orifices 12 of the tabs 11 of the leaf 1, the ends of this axis 3 being placed in the supports d axis 23 which have orifices 25 and 26 into which pins, not shown, are inserted, intended to block the axis 3 in the supports 23.
Le ressort 4 comporte deux brins 40 et 41 formant en position de repos, l'un par rapport à l'autre, un angle ouvert d'environ 150 , alors que les brins 50 et 51 du ressort 5 font approximativement un angle de 170 l'un par rapport à l'autre. The spring 4 has two strands 40 and 41 forming in the rest position, one with respect to the other, an open angle of approximately 150, while the strands 50 and 51 of the spring 5 form an angle of 170 l approximately. 'one over the other.
Les brins d'appui 40 et 50 des ressorts 4 et 5 prennent appui sur l'aile inférieure 27 de la traverse 21, étant maintenus par des crémaillères 28 solidarisées à ladite aile 27 et dans l'une des encoches 29 desquelles ils sont placés, lesdites crémaillères fournissant plusieurs positions de réglage. The support strands 40 and 50 of the springs 4 and 5 bear on the lower wing 27 of the cross member 21, being held by racks 28 secured to said wing 27 and in one of the notches 29 of which they are placed, said racks providing several adjustment positions.
La nervure transversale 13 est percée de deux orifices 14 et 15 dans lesquels sont introduits respectivement les brins 41 et 51 des ressorts 4 et 5. The transverse rib 13 is pierced with two orifices 14 and 15 into which the strands 41 and 51 of the springs 4 and 5 are respectively introduced.
Les orifices 14 et 15 ne sont pas dans un mme plan horizontal, l'orifice 14 étant sous le plan horizontal passant par l'axe de pivotement 3, et l'orifice 15 au-dessus de ce plan. The orifices 14 and 15 are not in the same horizontal plane, the orifice 14 being under the horizontal plane passing through the pivot axis 3, and the orifice 15 above this plane.
Ainsi lorsque l'on déverrouille l'ouvrant 1 celuici, sous l'action des deux ressorts 4 et 5, se soulève d'un certain angle, qui correspond à un premier équilibre entre le moment de l'ouvrant 1 et la puissance des ressorts 4 et 5, le ressort 4 trouvant alors dans une position proche de sa position initiale. Il est alors possible de se saisir aisément de la trappe pour l'amener, au-delà de la verticale, jusqu'à une deuxième position d'équilibre entre le moment de l'ouvrant, qui est alors faible, et l'action du ressort 5. So when we unlock the opening 1 this one, under the action of the two springs 4 and 5, is raised by a certain angle, which corresponds to a first balance between the moment of the opening 1 and the power of the springs 4 and 5, the spring 4 then being in a position close to its initial position. It is then possible to easily take hold of the hatch to bring it, beyond the vertical, to a second position of equilibrium between the moment of the opening, which is then weak, and the action of the spring 5.
La fermeture de l'ouvrant 1 sur le dormant 2 est réalisée en deux étapes, dans un premier temps on amène l'ouvrant dans la première position d'équilibre à environ 20 , puis, en exerçant dessus une légère pression, de façon à comprimer les ressorts 4 et 5, on amène l'ouvrant 1 dans le dormant 2 et on verrouille. The opening of the sash 1 on the frame 2 is carried out in two stages, firstly bringing the sash in the first equilibrium position to about 20, then, by exerting a light pressure on it, so as to compress springs 4 and 5, the door 1 is brought into the frame 2 and locked.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9113655A FR2683255B1 (en) | 1991-10-31 | 1991-10-31 | DEVICE FOR ASSISTING THE OPENING AND CLOSING OF A DOOR, PARTICULARLY OF AN ACCESS DOOR TO CIVIL ENGINEERING WORKS. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9113655A FR2683255B1 (en) | 1991-10-31 | 1991-10-31 | DEVICE FOR ASSISTING THE OPENING AND CLOSING OF A DOOR, PARTICULARLY OF AN ACCESS DOOR TO CIVIL ENGINEERING WORKS. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2683255A1 true FR2683255A1 (en) | 1993-05-07 |
| FR2683255B1 FR2683255B1 (en) | 1994-01-14 |
Family
ID=9418645
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9113655A Expired - Lifetime FR2683255B1 (en) | 1991-10-31 | 1991-10-31 | DEVICE FOR ASSISTING THE OPENING AND CLOSING OF A DOOR, PARTICULARLY OF AN ACCESS DOOR TO CIVIL ENGINEERING WORKS. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2683255B1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2713256A1 (en) * | 1993-11-29 | 1995-06-09 | Rouere De Richard | Reinforced man-hole cover for access to cable networks |
| EP0698691A1 (en) * | 1994-08-25 | 1996-02-28 | Dabico, Inc. | Spring controlled pit lid |
| EP0741208A1 (en) * | 1995-05-05 | 1996-11-06 | Riccardo Lamperti | Device for closing road wells in vehicle and pedestrian areas |
| RU2722980C1 (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-06-05 | Армен Георгиевич Багдасарян | Hatch mechanism |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB368087A (en) * | 1931-03-21 | 1932-03-03 | Horace Leopold Bentley | An improved mounting for the door of an oven or the like |
| GB390806A (en) * | 1931-09-08 | 1933-04-10 | Cyril John Hartley | Improvements in manhole covers & frames |
| US3304117A (en) * | 1965-01-12 | 1967-02-14 | Chrysler Corp | Deck lid hinge assembly |
| GB2133831A (en) * | 1983-01-05 | 1984-08-01 | Goiot Sa | Improvements in horizontally hinged panels |
| EP0274549A1 (en) * | 1987-01-09 | 1988-07-20 | Dieter Ramsauer | Releasable concealed hinge for switch boards |
-
1991
- 1991-10-31 FR FR9113655A patent/FR2683255B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB368087A (en) * | 1931-03-21 | 1932-03-03 | Horace Leopold Bentley | An improved mounting for the door of an oven or the like |
| GB390806A (en) * | 1931-09-08 | 1933-04-10 | Cyril John Hartley | Improvements in manhole covers & frames |
| US3304117A (en) * | 1965-01-12 | 1967-02-14 | Chrysler Corp | Deck lid hinge assembly |
| GB2133831A (en) * | 1983-01-05 | 1984-08-01 | Goiot Sa | Improvements in horizontally hinged panels |
| EP0274549A1 (en) * | 1987-01-09 | 1988-07-20 | Dieter Ramsauer | Releasable concealed hinge for switch boards |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2713256A1 (en) * | 1993-11-29 | 1995-06-09 | Rouere De Richard | Reinforced man-hole cover for access to cable networks |
| EP0698691A1 (en) * | 1994-08-25 | 1996-02-28 | Dabico, Inc. | Spring controlled pit lid |
| EP0741208A1 (en) * | 1995-05-05 | 1996-11-06 | Riccardo Lamperti | Device for closing road wells in vehicle and pedestrian areas |
| RU2722980C1 (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-06-05 | Армен Георгиевич Багдасарян | Hatch mechanism |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2683255B1 (en) | 1994-01-14 |
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