FR2675831A1 - PUBLIC WORKS MACHINE COMPRISING A TURRET. - Google Patents

Abstract

- Public works machine characterized in that:. the frame (2) is in the form of a sealed box open on its top,. the turret (4) is rotatably mounted on a turret holder base (41) adapted by a transverse pivot axis (43) on the front part of the box frame,. the motor and energy production means are organized in the form of a motor-pump unit (30) mounted in the box-frame in the vicinity of the rear part of the latter. - Application to mechanical excavators.

Description

The present invention relates to the machines used for the execution of

  earthworks, digging, excavation, etc., generally of a public nature, without this precision being

  to be considered as limiting.

  The object of the invention is aimed at vehicles of any size, of any power, comprising a chassis associated with support and displacement means which may be wheels or tracks or the like. Such a chassis is provided with a mounted turret capable of turning on a vertical axis over a total or restricted angular range Such a turret carries a control and control cabin, as well as one or more arms

  articulated provided, end, a work tool.

  Other work machines that can be considered as belonging to the same area of use include a carrier directly defining the cabin and defining below the latter, usually a compartment containing a motor-pump unit responsible for supplying organs of training and cylinders, of servitude equipping one or more

working arm.

  The machines of the first type are characterized by a large size and a high center of gravity, mainly due to the mounting of a motor-pump unit on the rotating turret. The resulting large vertical and horizontal dimensions are not favorable. evolutions and work in cramped or confined spaces, as is the case

  the execution of works in urban site.

  The existence of a relatively high center of gravity is not favorable to obtaining a certain stability and restricts the limits or capacities of evolution of the craft on

slopes or slopes.

  A further disadvantage of the structures of the first type lies in the emission of a high noise level difficult to control because of the implementation of the motor-pump unit

  directly on the rotating turret.

  Machines of the second type can be made under much less bulky structures because of the absence of the pivoting tower. However, the compactness that is usually afforded to them greatly reduces the accessibility to the compartment containing the engine. pump-motor unit The maintenance, repair or adjustment work represents a relatively heavy operation requiring the removal of all or part of the superstructure in order to gain easy access to the

  vital organs that should be attained.

  Another disadvantage of the second type of equipment lies in the fact that it is necessary to take precautions in use when working on muddy or flooded soils, to avoid drowning vital organs located in the area.

engine compartment.

  By the way, they are not known to have the ability to progress and move easily over

  deeply muddy or weakly coherent soils.

  The present invention aims to overcome the above drawbacks attached to the two types of public works machines Lics and, for this purpose proposes a new vehicle whose structure is particularly designed to have a general compactness. a center of gravity located very low relative to the axes of rotation of the support and displacement members and of a certain accessibility to the various organs

vital.

  Another object of the invention is to provide a new machine structure allowing easy and easy construction from equipped subassemblies which can be assembled relatively in the final phase to give place to a machine.

  public works Lics autonomously constituted.

  Another object of the invention is to propose a new structure of public works machines particularly adapted to provide protection for the vital organs that they have, while offering them a capacity for evolution and work. in non coherent ground, muddy, even in situation

  partial immersion in a liquid medium.

  To achieve the above objectives, the public works machine according to the invention is characterized in that: the frame is constituted in the form of a sealed box, open on its top which defines a generally horizontal support plane , the turret is rotatably mounted on a turret base adapted by a transverse pivot axis on the front part of the box-frame, so as to occupy an anteblock position in which it releases, in part, the open top of the box-frame and a working position in which it is fixed on the support plane that it contributes to transverse stiffening, the motor and energy production means are organized in the form of a motor-pump unit mounted in the frame- box in the vicinity of the rear part of the latter, a transverse transverse bar stiffening and protection is fixed on the end

rear of the chassis-box.

  Various other features emerge from the

  description given below with reference to the accompanying drawings which

  show, by way of non-limiting example, a form of

  accomplishment of the object of the invention.

  Fig 1 is a side elevation of a machine of

  public works according to the invention.

  Figs 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views taken

  respectively along lines II-II and III-III of fig 1.

  FIG 4 is a longitudinal section taken, on a larger scale, substantially along the longitudinal median plane IV-IV of the

fig 3.

  Figures 5 to 7 are cross-sections taken

  substantially along the lines V-V to VII-VII of FIG.

  FIG. 8 is an elevational section similar to FIG. 4, but illustrating, on the same scale as the latter, another

  characteristic position of some of the elements of the invention.

  FIGS. 1 to 3 show a public works machine, of the excavator type, of which the working tool 1 may actually consist of a shovel or a loader bucket. The machine comprises a frame 2 provided with support and displacement members 3 and carrying a turret 4 able to pivot or turn on a vertical axis xx 'over an angular range preferably equal to 360. The turret 4 carries a cabin 5 which is, in this case, offset relative to the vertical axis xx 'on which is located an articulated boom 6 carried by the turret 4 The boom 6 can be arm or multiple segments, such as 7, 8 and 9 interconnected by control cylinders 10, 11 and 12 of the double-acting type and hydraulic energy In this case, the end segment 9 carries the tool 1 which can be oriented in a vertical plane by

through the cylinder 12.

  The structure described above and shown in the drawings is provided by way of example only, as any other embodiment

  an articulated boom 6 can, of course, be considered.

  According to the invention, as more particularly shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the frame 2 is constituted by a watertight box open on its top which defines a support plane P The box-frame 2 is constituted by two caisson spars. in the example shown, parallel to each other and to the transverse median plane P1 passing through the vertical axis of rotation xx 'The caissons 15 are joined together by two crosspieces 16 and 17 respectively before and after in consideration of a configuration

  preferred for use, as illustrated in FIG.

  The spacers 16 and 17 may be beams of the profile type or boxed elements In all cases, the crosspieces 16 and 17 extend back from the ends of the end portions of the side members 15 which are made so that their lower walls present from the base, a rising inclination towards the ends, to form

  Ramps 18 and 19 whose function appears in the following.

  The box-frame 2 is completed by a bottom 20 closing with sealing the surface defined by the longitudinal members and the cross members to which said bottom is sealingly secured. The bottom 20 may be made and / or constituted by a single continuous panel or having openings. or manholes 21 which are then closed by inspection hatches 22 provided with means of

waterproof removable closure.

  As is apparent from FIG. 4, the box frame 2 is thus formed in the manner of a watertight container or

  a flat-bottomed barge carried by the support members 3.

  Depending on the applications envisaged, the support and displacement members 3 may be constituted by wheels, as illustrated or by chains or caterpillars extending laterally to the box 15 and outside the latter In all cases the support and displacement members 3 have horizontal axes of rotation 23 which are carried, as external half-shafts, by the longitudinal members 15, so that the horizontal plane P 2 passing through said axes corresponds to

  substantially at the horizontal median plane of the box frame 2.

  In this case, the axes 23 are materialized by individual motors, of the hydraulic type, suitable for driving each wheel 3 It is advantageous to take advantage of the existence of the box rails 15 for compartments internal 24 that they define contain transmissions or couplings 25 connecting the axes of rotation 23 of the bodies or means of support and displacement 3 corresponding to the same side of the frame 2 The transmissions or couplings 25 may be constituted by chains whose lubrication can for example, by bubbling the lower strand into a reserve of oil or the like contained in the

compartments 24.

  Although this is not shown, it is to be considered that the box rails 15 are provided on the upper, lower and possibly the outer lateral face of removable panels mounted in a sealed manner to provide accessibility of access and maintenance to the transmissions or

couplings 25.

  The box-frame 2 open on the top is used to contain, internally and in the vicinity of the rear end portion, a motor-pump unit 30 removably mounted via a cradle or the like 31 on supports 32 presented by the internal side faces of the side members 15 The motor-pump unit 30 is thus partially implanted inside the sealed box frame 2 by occupying a lowered position with respect to the usual implantations, so as to confer on the

  the whole builds a particularly low center of gravity.

  The implantation of the group 30 is carried out by providing to arrange there between the latter and the bottom 20 a tank 33 of fuel

  specific to the motor part 30a of the group 30.

  The organization of the group 30 and its implementation in the box frame 2 are performed so that the pump portion 30b is oriented towards the front portion of the box frame 2, while the cooling subassembly 34 is mounted on A saddle or the like 35 joining the posterior ends of the box rails 15 The cooling sub-assembly 34 is surrounded by a hoop 36 which may be of the completely closed or partially open type and which is fixedly attached to the posterior ends of the longitudinal members. caissons 15 to assume a transverse stiffening function of the frame-box 2 and protection of the cooling subassembly 34 For this purpose, the hoop 36 can be formed in the form of a stiffened member, of the welded reinforced type by gussets or buttresses responsible for contributing to the recovery of transverse torsional forces that could be applied to the frame-box 2 and, more particularly, at the two longitudinal spars 15, during the

  phases of movement of the machine or work of the tool 1.

  The box-frame 2 is completed by a cowling 37 enveloping more particularly the motor part 30a being removably fixed on the support plane P from the

box rails 15.

  According to the invention, the turret 4 is mounted, via a ring 40, on a turret base 41 made in the form of a box open towards

  the bottom and having, at the top, a crown 42.

  The base 41 is mounted, via a horizontal axis 43 transverse and perpendicular to the plane P 1, on the frame 2 and

  more particularly on clevises 44 secured to the longitudinal members

  caissons 15 and rising above the plane of support P The axis 43 may be constituted in any suitable manner, either by half-axes, or possibly by a common shaft to the two clevises In all cases, the axis 43 is set back from the front ends of the longitudinal members 15 and, for example,

  immediately behind the anterior spacer 16.

  The base 41 is mounted with possibility of partial pivoting on the axis 43 by means of at least one and, preferably, two lateral double-acting cylinders 45 which are interposed between the cap 42 and screeds 46 '. raising to

  from the support plane P on the box rails 15.

  The base 41 is connected to the frame 2 and, more particularly, to the corresponding parts of the box rails 15 delimiting the support plane P by means 47 for support, indexing and removable attachment means 47 are, for example, for example, there are two for each spar 15 and respectively comprise a threaded plate 48 fixed on the spar 15, in order to cooperate with an external console 49 secured to the base The bracket 49 is provided with a locking member 50 , for example formed by a screw head assuming an indexing and securing function in

cooperating with the plate 48.

  The turret base 41 is provided on its rear part with removable fixing or suspension means in

  cantilever of a tank 51 for example of hydraulic fluid.

  Such an envelope-shaped reservoir is intended, in the working position as illustrated in FIG. 4, to surround and envelop the pump portion 30b of the group 30 by registering

  in the continuity of the cowling profile 37.

  The base 41 carries by its cap 42 the turret 4 with the interposition of the crown 40 which comprises a ring 52 internally toothed, fixed on the cap 42 and a bearing ring 53 able to rotate in abutment centered on the ring 52, itself centered on the axis xx 'The ring 53 is integral with the turret 4 which carries a motor 54 of gyration whose output shaft is provided with a toothed gear 55 meshing with

the ring 52.

  The cap 42 of the base 41 also carries, in a suspended manner, a joint-rotating block 56 whose outer casing 57 is provided with connections connected to the outlets of the pump assembly 30 b The rotating core or core 58 of the block 56 is made integral with the base of the turret 4 and ensures, by means of connections and appropriate lines or circuits, the supply of the various hydraulic energy transformers, such as the motor 54 and the jacks 10, 11 and 12 The joint-rotating block 56 is usually associated with or supplemented by a block with analogous functions able to ensure the transmission of electrical servo energies of the various controls between the source of production provided by the

  subassembly 30a and the control cabin 5.

  The base 41 and its cap 42 ensure, as is apparent from the foregoing, the support of the rotating turret 4 while contributing, in the working position as shown in FIG 4 and 47 by means, to the prior local stiffening structure of the box-frame 2 In fact, the combination of the two open structures arranged on either side of the plane P and constituted locally by the frame 2 and by the base 1 allows, via means 47, to have a closed structure resistant and dimensionally stable able to take and bear the constraints imposed during the rolling or work by the turret 4 The recovery of torsional forces is ensured without risk of temporary or permanent deformation The carrier structure which is characterized by the definition of a shell compartment centered vertically by the plane P 2 on the axes of rotation 23 of the support and displacement members 3 and containing The various bodies providing

power and work.

  Such a structure is therefore of a certain compactness and has a particularly low center of gravity which contributes to the stability of the machine able to work on terrain.

sloping or sloping.

  The supporting structure is also constituted in the manner of a tray or a waterproof barge putting the power supply organs away from any risk of immersion, po L Lution or fouling from, mainly , so N on

  leque L The machine is made to progress.

  The existence of the box-frame 2 in the form of a tray or waterproof barge makes it possible to progress without difficulty the craft in mid-muddy places, even liquid or at low compactness and coherence, since the bottom 20 represents a bearing surface able to facilitate the driving action of the support and displacement members 3, including a part of the surface of

  Work L is relieved of the carrier function.

  The inclined ramps 18 and 19 are provided to facilitate the progression and the path of the machine on grounds whose lift characteristics may vary.

significantly.

  Another advantage of the structure is that the invention resides in the access faculty which is reserved for the whole of the motor means, means of energy supply and means of general servitude which are for most located in the general compartment constituted by the chassis-box 2, the

  cowling 37, the tank 51 and the base 41.

  Indeed, it is possible to quickly control the supply of the base 41 in the anteblocked position, as shown in FIG 8, after having neutralized the means 47 assuming the functions of support, indexing and fixing Such a neutralization can be obtained by unscrewing the screws 50 to then allow the supply of the cylinders 45, so that the extension of their piston rod can tilt the base 41 in the direction of the arrow fl 'The base 41 drives with it all the turret 4, the cabin 5 and the arrow 6 while simultaneously moving the tank 51 to an extreme position that can be determined by any means of positive stop In this state illustrated in FIG. a total accessibility to the box-frame 2 is offered to allow and facilitate the maintenance, adjustment, repair or change of all or part of the components of motorization, supply of energy The accessibility to the subassembly 30a of the group 30 is facilitated by the removal of the

hood 37.

  The object of the invention, as is apparent from the foregoing, is characterized by a compact, sealed, low center of gravity bearing structure located particularly low with respect to the axes 23 of the support and displacement members and capable of accommodate, by its open and accessible top, all the means of motorization, supply of energy and servitude which are ordinarily, generally, implanted in

the turret 4.

  It thus becomes possible to significantly reduce compared to the prior art dimensions of vertical and horizontal dimensions of the machine with regard to the bearing structure but also, as regards the working superstructure constituted by the turret 4 , cabin 5 and the

arrow 6.

  Another advantage of the design according to the invention lies in the possibility of ensuring in separate production lines the assembly of the motorization unit, servitude and energy supply, on the one hand, and the cell on the other hand, then to assemble these two subassemblies by implantation in the box-frame 2, then completed by the adaptation of the turret having been mounted along a third line. simplifies and streamlines manufacturing. The invention is not limited to the example described and shown, since various modifications can be made to it

without leaving his frame.

Claims (9)

CLAIMS:   A public works machine of the type comprising, on the one hand, a chassis (2) associated with support and displacement means (3), some of which may be engines and / or drivers and, on the other hand, a turret ( 4) pivotally mounted on the frame by a vertical axis (x-x ') and carrying a control cabin (5) and at least one articulated arm Le (6) provided with a working tool (1) and, moreover , motor and power generating means provided for the movement of the machine, the rotation of the turret and the control of the working tool, characterized in that: the frame (2) is constituted in the form of a water chamber open on its top which defines a bearing plane (P) generally horizontal, the turret (4) is rotatably mounted on a turret base (41) adapted by a pin of   transverse pivoting (43) on the part-   anterior chassis-box, in order to be able to occupy an anteblock position in which it releases in part the open top of the box-frame and a working position in which it is fixed on the support plane that contributes to transverse stiffening, the motor and energy production means are organized in the form of a motor-pump unit (30) mounted in the box-frame in the vicinity of the rear part thereof, a transverse bar (36) which can be removed for stiffening and protection is fixed on   the rear end of the box-frame.   2 Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the chassiscaisson (2) occupies a position vertically centered on the horizontal axes of rotation (23) means of support and movement (3).   3 Machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized   what the chassis-box (2) is constituted by two Longerons-   caissons (15) closed, by two transverse struts (16, 17) joining the Longerons recessed from their ends and by a bottom (20) provided with closure inspection doors (22) and   whose periphery is secured to the beams and ends.   4 Device according to claim 3, characterized in that each box-rail (15) delimits at least one sealed compartment (24) containing a transmission or a coupling (25). Binder The support and displacement means (3) carried by Said Longeron. S machine according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the box rails (15) have end portions whose lower face of each (18, 19) is inclined upwardly towards the corresponding end.   6 Machine according to one of claims 3 to 5,   characterized in that each Longeron (15) carries, on the one hand, a yoke (46) for articulation of a jack (45) of flange L articulated by L L Their on the base and secondly , means (47) for supporting, indexing and fixing the base in position of   work on the p Lan of support of the chassis-box.   7 Machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the means (47) of support, indexing and fixing are constituted by latched p Latins (48) attached to the beams and intended to cooperate with external conso (49)   carried by the base and provided with b Locating members (50).   8 Machine according to one of claims 1 to 3,   characterized in that the box-frame (2) bears internally   and in the group a fuel tank (33).   9 Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the base (41) is provided on its rear part, means of adaptation of a tank (51) Cantilever, arch-shaped enveloping and partly covering the group (30) in The working position of the base.   Device according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that the base (41) bears on its underside the envelope of a joint-rotating block (56) auque L are connected to the different power supply lines. and whose core or soul is related to The tower L The turn.   11 Machine according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 8, characterized in that the frame-box (2) carries a cowling (37) enve Loppant The group motor-pumps between the tank to fuel and the rear arch.